Okra, (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench), is grown as a sole crop and as a field crop in Niger. In the present study, three okra varieties from Zinder region in Niger Republic have been assessed for their agronomic ...Okra, (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench), is grown as a sole crop and as a field crop in Niger. In the present study, three okra varieties from Zinder region in Niger Republic have been assessed for their agronomic performance traits. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications during the dry season 2018-2019. The following characters were evaluated: emergence;germination;boutonization flowering;fructificaion;height at flowering;height at maturity;length of the petiole;diameter of leaves;diameter of plants;number of fruits;number of fruit per branch;total number of fruits;number of branch, number of leaves;length of fruits;diameter of fruits;number of arrets;weight of fruits;weight of seed, number of seeds. The collected data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using XlStat version 7.1 and the means separated by using Turkey’s Method. Analysis of Principal components (PCA) using R software was also performed on the variables. There were significant differences for all characters except emergence, germination, diameter of plants, number of fruits, total number of fruits and diameter of fruits. The multivariate analysis by the ACP showed a grouping of the varieties in three groups. The three okra varieties have revealed good performances and could be useful for a breeding program. The study of the water needs of the varieties will be very interesting to make a better selection of the collection.展开更多
In Kansas, productivity of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is affected by weather conditions at planting and during pollination. Planting date management and selection of hybrid maturity group can help to ...In Kansas, productivity of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is affected by weather conditions at planting and during pollination. Planting date management and selection of hybrid maturity group can help to avoid severe environmental stresses during these sensitive stages. The hypothesis of the study was that late May planting improves grain sorghum yield and yield components compared with late June planting. The objectives of this research were to investigate the influence of planting dates yield and yield components of different grain sorghum hybrids, and to determine the optimal planting date and hybrid combination for maximum biomass and grains production. Three sorghum hybrids (early, medium, and late maturing) were planted in late May and late June without irrigation in Kansas at Manhattan/Ashland Bottom Research Station, and Hutchinson in 2010;and at Manhattan/North Farm and Hutchinson in 2011. Data on dry matter production, yield and yield components were collected. Grain yield and yield components were influenced by planting date depending on environmental conditions. At Manhattan (2010), greater grain yield, number of heads per plant, were obtained with late-June planting compared with late May planting, while at Hutchinson (2010) greater yield was obtained with late May planting for all hybrids. The yield component most affected at Hutchinson was the number of kernels∙panicle<sup>−1</sup> and plant density. Late-May planting was favorable for late maturing hybrid (P84G62) in all locations. However, the yield of early maturing hybrid (DKS 28-05) and medium maturing hybrid (DKS 37-07) was less affected by delayed planting. The effects of planting dates on yield and yield components of grain sorghum hybrids were found to be variable among hybrid maturity groups and locations.展开更多
Ningqiao 1 was selected as the material to study the effects of planting density on physiological indices,agronomic traits and yield of buckwheat.The results showed that high density resulted in decreases of chlorophy...Ningqiao 1 was selected as the material to study the effects of planting density on physiological indices,agronomic traits and yield of buckwheat.The results showed that high density resulted in decreases of chlorophyll content,soluble protein content and activity of SOD,POD and CAT,and acceleration of MDA accumulation under drought conditions.Low density could effectively improve the grain number per plant,grain weight per plant,1000-grain weight and yield in drought conditions.展开更多
The Abelmoschus esculentus(L.)Moench was previously reported to have various phytochemicals.Chemical fractionation yielded from the ethanolic extract of the A.esculentus ten compounds,including four alkaloids(4-6,8)an...The Abelmoschus esculentus(L.)Moench was previously reported to have various phytochemicals.Chemical fractionation yielded from the ethanolic extract of the A.esculentus ten compounds,including four alkaloids(4-6,8)and six phenolic acids(1-3,7,9-10).The structures of the compounds were elucidated through extensive spectra analyses and comparison of the experimental data with reported data.It is worth mentioning that compounds 1,2 and 5-10 were isolated from Abelmoschus esculentus(L.)for the first time.展开更多
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench (buckwheat) is a dicot species from the Polygonaceae family used as a cover crop in agricultural systems featured with a remarkable allelopathic potential for weed control, helping herbicid...Fagopyrum esculentum Moench (buckwheat) is a dicot species from the Polygonaceae family used as a cover crop in agricultural systems featured with a remarkable allelopathic potential for weed control, helping herbicide-resistance management and promoting substantial reductions in herbicide applications. The aim of this research was to examine the allelopathic potential of aqueous extracts from seeds and aerial part of buckwheat on seed germination and initial development of Bidens pilosa and Euphorbia heterophylla. Bioassay experiments were conducted under a completely randomized experimental design with four replications, containing 50 seeds each. Both weed seed species were harvested in a soybean field, and seed viability was previously assessed. Seeds were exposed to four concentrations (0, 25, 50, and 100%) from extracts of seeds (ES) and aerial part (EAP) of buckwheat. Germination speed index (GSI) in B. pilosa and E. heterophylla was daily evaluated throughout 14 and 16 days, respectively, whereas percentage of germination, abnormal seedlings, as well as non-germinated seeds, root (RL) and aerial part length (APL), and total dry matter (TDM) were rated at final germination test. EAP reduced the GSI, especially under the 100% concentration. Germination percentage was lower and abnormal seedlings increased for both weed species when seeds were exposed to EAP concentrations greater than 25%. However, ES did not impinge upon E. heterophylla germination. EAP and ES reduced the APL, RL, and TDM for concentrations greater than 50%, except for ES which did not affect E. heterophylla development. Both extracts from buckwheat have a high capacity to inhibit germination and compromise seedling development, culminating in such a potential alternative for B. pilosa and E. heterophylla management in agricultural systems.展开更多
文摘Okra, (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench), is grown as a sole crop and as a field crop in Niger. In the present study, three okra varieties from Zinder region in Niger Republic have been assessed for their agronomic performance traits. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications during the dry season 2018-2019. The following characters were evaluated: emergence;germination;boutonization flowering;fructificaion;height at flowering;height at maturity;length of the petiole;diameter of leaves;diameter of plants;number of fruits;number of fruit per branch;total number of fruits;number of branch, number of leaves;length of fruits;diameter of fruits;number of arrets;weight of fruits;weight of seed, number of seeds. The collected data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using XlStat version 7.1 and the means separated by using Turkey’s Method. Analysis of Principal components (PCA) using R software was also performed on the variables. There were significant differences for all characters except emergence, germination, diameter of plants, number of fruits, total number of fruits and diameter of fruits. The multivariate analysis by the ACP showed a grouping of the varieties in three groups. The three okra varieties have revealed good performances and could be useful for a breeding program. The study of the water needs of the varieties will be very interesting to make a better selection of the collection.
文摘In Kansas, productivity of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is affected by weather conditions at planting and during pollination. Planting date management and selection of hybrid maturity group can help to avoid severe environmental stresses during these sensitive stages. The hypothesis of the study was that late May planting improves grain sorghum yield and yield components compared with late June planting. The objectives of this research were to investigate the influence of planting dates yield and yield components of different grain sorghum hybrids, and to determine the optimal planting date and hybrid combination for maximum biomass and grains production. Three sorghum hybrids (early, medium, and late maturing) were planted in late May and late June without irrigation in Kansas at Manhattan/Ashland Bottom Research Station, and Hutchinson in 2010;and at Manhattan/North Farm and Hutchinson in 2011. Data on dry matter production, yield and yield components were collected. Grain yield and yield components were influenced by planting date depending on environmental conditions. At Manhattan (2010), greater grain yield, number of heads per plant, were obtained with late-June planting compared with late May planting, while at Hutchinson (2010) greater yield was obtained with late May planting for all hybrids. The yield component most affected at Hutchinson was the number of kernels∙panicle<sup>−1</sup> and plant density. Late-May planting was favorable for late maturing hybrid (P84G62) in all locations. However, the yield of early maturing hybrid (DKS 28-05) and medium maturing hybrid (DKS 37-07) was less affected by delayed planting. The effects of planting dates on yield and yield components of grain sorghum hybrids were found to be variable among hybrid maturity groups and locations.
基金Ningxia Natural Science Foundation(NZ15270)National Agriculture Research System of Oat and Buckwheat(CARS-08-E-5).
文摘Ningqiao 1 was selected as the material to study the effects of planting density on physiological indices,agronomic traits and yield of buckwheat.The results showed that high density resulted in decreases of chlorophyll content,soluble protein content and activity of SOD,POD and CAT,and acceleration of MDA accumulation under drought conditions.Low density could effectively improve the grain number per plant,grain weight per plant,1000-grain weight and yield in drought conditions.
文摘The Abelmoschus esculentus(L.)Moench was previously reported to have various phytochemicals.Chemical fractionation yielded from the ethanolic extract of the A.esculentus ten compounds,including four alkaloids(4-6,8)and six phenolic acids(1-3,7,9-10).The structures of the compounds were elucidated through extensive spectra analyses and comparison of the experimental data with reported data.It is worth mentioning that compounds 1,2 and 5-10 were isolated from Abelmoschus esculentus(L.)for the first time.
文摘Fagopyrum esculentum Moench (buckwheat) is a dicot species from the Polygonaceae family used as a cover crop in agricultural systems featured with a remarkable allelopathic potential for weed control, helping herbicide-resistance management and promoting substantial reductions in herbicide applications. The aim of this research was to examine the allelopathic potential of aqueous extracts from seeds and aerial part of buckwheat on seed germination and initial development of Bidens pilosa and Euphorbia heterophylla. Bioassay experiments were conducted under a completely randomized experimental design with four replications, containing 50 seeds each. Both weed seed species were harvested in a soybean field, and seed viability was previously assessed. Seeds were exposed to four concentrations (0, 25, 50, and 100%) from extracts of seeds (ES) and aerial part (EAP) of buckwheat. Germination speed index (GSI) in B. pilosa and E. heterophylla was daily evaluated throughout 14 and 16 days, respectively, whereas percentage of germination, abnormal seedlings, as well as non-germinated seeds, root (RL) and aerial part length (APL), and total dry matter (TDM) were rated at final germination test. EAP reduced the GSI, especially under the 100% concentration. Germination percentage was lower and abnormal seedlings increased for both weed species when seeds were exposed to EAP concentrations greater than 25%. However, ES did not impinge upon E. heterophylla germination. EAP and ES reduced the APL, RL, and TDM for concentrations greater than 50%, except for ES which did not affect E. heterophylla development. Both extracts from buckwheat have a high capacity to inhibit germination and compromise seedling development, culminating in such a potential alternative for B. pilosa and E. heterophylla management in agricultural systems.
