In situ atomic-scale observation of size-dependent (de) potassiation and reversible phase transformation in tetragonal FeSe anodes

Potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)are considered promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries owing to cost-effective potassium resources and a suitable redox potential of-2.93 V(vs.-3.04 V for Li+/Li).However,the exploration of appro-priate electrode materials with the correct size for reversibly accommodating large K+ions presents a significant challenge.In addition,the reaction mecha-nisms and origins of enhanced performance remain elusive.Here,tetragonal FeSe nanoflakes of different sizes are designed to serve as an anode for PIBs,and their live and atomic-scale potassiation/depotassiation mechanisms are revealed for the first time through in situ high-resolution transmission electron micros-copy.We found that FeSe undergoes two distinct structural evolutions,sequen-tially characterized by intercalation and conversion reactions,and the initial intercalation behavior is size-dependent.Apparent expansion induced by the intercalation of K+ions is observed in small-sized FeSe nanoflakes,whereas unexpected cracks are formed along the direction of ionic diffusion in large-sized nanoflakes.The significant stress generation and crack extension originating from the combined effect of mechanical and electrochemical interactions are elucidated by geometric phase analysis and finite-element analysis.Despite the different intercalation behaviors,the formed products of Fe and K_(2)Se after full potassiation can be converted back into the original FeSe phase upon depotassiation.In particular,small-sized nanoflakes exhibit better cycling perfor-mance with well-maintained structural integrity.This article presents the first successful demonstration of atomic-scale visualization that can reveal size-dependent potassiation dynamics.Moreover,it provides valuable guidelines for optimizing the dimensions of electrode materials for advanced PIBs.

Theory of Electromagnetism and Gravity —Modeling Earth as a Rotating Solenoid Coil

Presented in this manuscript are conventional electrical engineering tools to model the earth as a rotating electrical machine. Calculations using known parameters of the earth and measured field data has resulted in new understanding of the earth’s electrical system and gyroscopic rotation. The material makeup of the inner earth is better understood based on derived permeability and permittivity constants. The planet has been modeled as simple coils and then as a parallel impedance circuit which has led to fundamental insight into planetary speed control and RLC combination for Schumann Resonance of 7.83 Hz. Torque and Voltage Constants and the inverse Speed Constant are calculated using three methods and all compare favorably with Newton’s Gravitational Constant. A helical resonator is referenced and Schumann’s Resonant ideal frequency is calculated and compared with others idealism. A new theory of gravity based on particle velocity selector at the poles is postulated. Two equations are presented as the needed links between Faraday’s electromagnetism and Newtonian physics. Acceleration and Deceleration of earth is explained as a centripetal governor. A new equation for planetary attraction and the attraction of atomic matter is theorized. Rotation of the earth’s electrical coil is explained in terms of the Richardson effect. Electric power transfer from the sun to the planets is proposed via Flux Transfer Events. The impact of this evolving science of electromagnetic modeling of planets will be magnified as the theory is proven, and found to be useful for future generations of engineers and scientists who seek to discover our world and other planets.

温度和热驯化对胡氏大生熊虫运动行为的影响

The beneficial acclimation hypothesis (BAH) predicts that animals acclimated to a particular temperature have enhanced performance or fitness at that temperature in comparison with animals acclimated to other temperatures. The BAH has been tested by a variety of empirical examinations, and was rejected by some of them. In order to provide new evidences for the BAH, the effects of acute and acclimation temperature (AT) on locomotor performance of Macrobiotus hufelandi (Tardigrada: Macrobiotidae) were investigated. The tardigrades were collected from Nanwutai, Qinling Mountains which traverse from west to east in central China. The subjects were acclimated to either 2℃ or 22℃ for 2 weeks. The animal was transferred onto a frosted slide and allowed to walk freely at the performance temperature (PT) 2℃ or 22℃. Only one individual was tested per test bout, which lasted from three to five minutes. To avoid occurrence of thermal acclimation effect, the standard adaptation time was limited to 1.5 min. Each subject was tested for once at the same PT, and was tested only at one PT. A total of 25 individuals were tested and measured at the same PT. The locomotor performance of the animals was recorded with a digital video camera mounted on a microscope at 4×10 amplification and replayed on a PC. Every subject was identified. Walking speed (WS) and percentage of time moving (PTM) at both PTs (2℃ or 22℃) were selected as the rate parameters of locomotor performance. The two-way repeated measures ANOVA with a significance level of α= 0.05 and Duncan multiple range test were used to analyze the data. WS of the animals acclimated to and tested at the same temperatures was significantly faster than that for animals acclimated to and tested at the different temperatures, similarly, PTM of the animals acclimated to 22℃ and tested at 22℃ was significantly greater than PTM of animals acclimated to 22℃ and tested at 2℃, which indicated that the animals acclimated to a particular temperature have enhanced locomotor performance in that temperature relative to the animals acclimated to that temperature in other thermal environment. WS of the animals acclimated to 22℃ and tested at 22℃ was significantly faster than WS of animals acclimated to 2℃ and tested at 22℃, PTM of the animals acclimated to 22℃ and tested at 22℃ was significantly greater than PTM of animals acclimated to 2℃ and tested at 22℃. These results supported the BAH. It could be concluded that the PT and thermal acclimation as well as the interaction between the PT and AT significantly influence the locomotor performance of M.hufelandi, and that, despite the existence of a few results of this study that don’t support the BAH, some results of this study support for this hypothesis, and that the animals acclimated to a particular temperature have enhanced locomotor performance in that temperature relative to the animals acclimated to that temperature in other thermal environment, implying that any performance temperature that deviates from the acclimation temperature could cause the reduction of the walking speed which is closely related to the fitness of the M.hufelandi.

The assessment of time dependent flow of Williamson fluid with radiative blood flow against a wedge

The present pagination reports both Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis aspects subject to magneto hydrodynamic Williamson fluid model.Assuming the flow is unsteady and blood is treated as Williamson fluid over a wedge with radiation.The governing equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations by using similarity variables.The analytical solutions of the transformed governing equations are obtained by using the RK 4th order method along with shooting technique solver.The effects of various physical parameters such as Hartmann number,local Weissenberg number,radiation parameter,unsteadiness parameter,Prandtl number,Lewis number,Brownian diffusion,thermophoresis,wedge angle parameter,moving wedge parameter,on velocity,temperature,concentration,skin friction,heat transfer rate and mass transfer rate have been discussed in detail.The velocity and temperature profile deprives for larger We and an opposite trend is observed for concentration.The radiation parameter is propositional to temperature and a counter behaviour is observed for Pr.

From EBIT to SEBIT(Sustainable EBIT):Sustainable Performance Accounting(SPA)Using the Example of CO_(2) Accounting

Corporate sustainability reporting has become increasingly important in recent years.However,conventional approaches reach their limits when it comes to quantifying and measuring the actual sustainability performance of a company.This article presents a new approach:Sustainable Performance Accounting(SPA),which is based on an extension of bookkeeping by including ESG bookkeeping.SPA enables companies to systematically measure and manage their sustainability performance.The article provides an overview of the basics of SPA methodology and uses a comprehensive example showing how SPA can be implemented in practice.The article is aimed at interested readers from science and practice as well as decision-makers who are interested in future-oriented sustainability reporting.

Exposure to Hyaluronan and Radon-Containing Water during the Treatment of Periodontal Pockets

Hyaluronic acid (HA) preparations have emerged as pivotal components in contemporary dentistry, gaining widespread recognition for their multifaceted roles in various biological functions. Extensive literature underscores the significance of HA in maintaining tissue water balance, fostering cell proliferation, promoting rapid cell migration, influencing cell differentiation during organism development, and facilitating tissue regeneration. Notably, HA’s interactions with cell surface receptors contribute to the viscosity of synovial fluid, activate the immune system, and enhance cartilage elasticity. Beyond these established functions, HA has also been investigated for its potential involvement in determining and studying the hormetic effects of radon water, adding a novel dimension to its applications in dental research. A thorough exploration of existing studies reveals a nuanced understanding of how HA interventions impact the outcomes of dental procedures. The comprehensive scope of these investigations allows for a more accurate assessment of the potential effectiveness of specific interventions and provides valuable insights into post-procedural prognoses for individual patients. This synthesis of literature serves as the foundation for elucidating the intricate interplay between HA, radon exposure, and their relevance in modern dental practices.

双管式挫屈束制(屈曲约束)支撑之耐震行为与应用

挫屈束制(屈曲约束)支撑一般是由十字型或一字型钢板构成之核心单元加上钢管混凝土构成之束制(约束)单元所组成。由于单核心断面之挫屈束制支撑在与构架接合时每一端需使用八片续接板及两套的螺栓,造成接合部分较长且易发生挫屈(屈曲),为了改善此种挫屈束制支撑与接合,相关研究已发展出以双T型核心配双钢管或双钢板核心配双钢管而组成之双钢管型挫屈束制支撑构件,并已成功地在台大完成一系列之试验,本研究进一步针对大尺寸之单层挫屈束制支撑构架进行试验。研究目的包括:(1)探讨支撑具不同核心长度比例构架之试验与解析行为;(2)研究挫屈束制支撑核心应变与楼层侧位移角之关系;(3)提供含挫屈束制支撑构架之分析与设计建议。由三组V型双钢板双钢管挫屈束制支撑构架之试验显示,支撑核心之极限应变可利用楼层的最大侧位移角需求,以简单的几何关系及支撑核心长度与工作点间长度之比值计算而得,试验结果亦显示,在构架产生最大侧位移角时支撑之核心拉应变会大于相邻支撑之核心压应变,显示两相邻支撑之轴拉力与轴压力在试体中有互相平衡之趋势,而不会发生最大轴压力显著大于最大轴拉力的现象。

叶面喷施稀土对千年桐幼苗生长和生理的影响

The seedlings of Vernicia montana derived from seeds soaking with water (the first group)or 300 mg5L -1 mixed nitric_acid rare earth solution (the second group) were treated with various concentrations of mixed nitric_acid rare earth solution by foliage spraying. The results showed that the seedling heights sprayed with 100 和 1 000 mg·L -1 of the first group and with 50 和 100 mg·L -1 of the second group were significantly higher than the controls, and the diameter at ground level sprayed with 300 mg·L -1 of the second group was significantly greater than the control, being 26.92% more than the latter; except for spraying with 0 mg5L -1 and 700～1 500 mg5L -1 of the second group, the seedling dry weight above ground of others was 29.13%～73.91% greater than the control, whereas the seedling dry weight under ground of others was 20.78%～116.88% greater than the control; the contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b for all spraying seedling were 91.67%～191.67% and 87.5%～306.25% greater than the control, respectively, and soluble proteins and soluble sugars were 16.00%～179.78% and 10.73%～105.65% greater than the control, respectively. Compared with the control, the activity of SOD tended to increase, whereas the contents of MDA decreased. These indicated that spraying leaves with optimum concentration of mixed nitric_acid rare earth solution could markedly promote the growth of seedlings and improve resistance ability of V. montana seedlings to bad environment. On the whole, the effects of spraying the leaves of seedling with 50～500 mg5L -1 mixed nitric_acid rare earth solution, which were derived from seeds soaking with 300 mg·L -1 mixed nitric_acid rare earth solution, were good.

草酸根桥联的双核铜髤配合物[Cu_2(phen)_2(H_2O)_2(μ_2-C_2O_4)](NO_3)_2的合成及晶体结构

A new binuclear copper(Ⅱ) complex, [Cu2(phen)2(H2O)2( μ2-C2O4)](NO3)2, has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and UV-Vis spectrum. Its crystal structure was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Crystal data: monoclinic, space group P21/c, a=0.712 21(8) nm, b=1.170 93(14) nm, c=1.783 7(2) nm, β=111.828(2)°, and V=1.380 8(3) nm3, Dc=1.769 Mg·m-3, Z=2, F(000)=744, R1=0.025 4, wR2=0.069 5, Gof=1.077, Δρ=328^-455 e·nm-3. The complex is packed by one centrosymmetry binuclear copper(Ⅱ) unit, oxalate dianion and NO3- anion. In the molecule structure of the title complex, two Cu(Ⅱ) ions are bridged by oxalate dianion and each Cu(Ⅱ) ions coordinates with two nitrogen atoms from 1,10-phenanthroline ligand and one oxygen atom from water to form a five-coordinate distorted square-pyramidal configuration. The hydrogen bonds are observed between coordinated water molecules and NO3- anions. The analysis of the crystal structure indicates that the complex has a two-dimensional stacking network structure, which is formed by intramolecular hydrogen bonds, intermolecular hydrogen bonds and stacking effect of aromatic ring. CCDC: 255345.

二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌配合物的量子化学研究

The geometric configurations of binuclear Zinc( complex Zn2[(n-Bu)2NCSS]4 and the ligand Na[(n-Bu)2 NCSS] have been optimized by B3LYP quantum chemical method. The electronic structures have been performed by density functional theory at B3LYP/6-31G* level. The electronic spectrums of the complex and ligand were calculated by ZINDO/S-CIS method. It is indicated from the calculation that: (1) The coordination effect of bridging ligand is bigger than that of chelating one, and the bridging ligands also translate more charge to Zn than the chelating one. (2) The calculated results about electronic spectrums are similarly to experimental measurement, and farther explain that absorption band at λ=267 nm of complex is assigned to two n → π* transitions :one arising from the bridging ligands and the another mainly arising from the chelating ligands;but absorption band at λ=236 nm of complex is assigned to π → π* transition which the electron mainly translates from the bridging ligands to the chelating ligands. (3) By consideration of delocalization and polar effects in coordination, the charge transfer from ligand to metal decreases the π-π and p-π conjugation effects in the chromophore group NCS2 and to increase the energy needed for the π → π* and n → π* transitions, and results in the absorption bands shifting towards the short wavelength direction.

地形对登陆热带气旋“黄蜂”(2002)强度影响的模拟研究

以“目标登陆台风外场试验研究”(CLATEX)项目的目标热带气旋“黄蜂”为对象 ,在用高分辨数值模式模拟其近海加强和登陆减弱过程的基础上 ,通过 5组对比数值试验 ,从定量和时间演化角度细致地分析了热带气旋周边海陆和地形分布对热带气旋强度的影响及其机理。分析表明 ,华南西部地理因子 (地形、粗糙度、海陆分布等 )对热带气旋强度变化具有重要影响。华南西部地形的存在 ,有利于低层弱冷空气向南侵袭 ,从而激发对流发展 ,使气旋迅速加强 ,是“黄蜂”近海加强的关键原因 ;登陆后冷空气切入造成的稳定层结抑制了对流发展 ,阻断了对流潜热能源 ,是“黄蜂”登陆后迅速减弱的重要原因 ;华南西部真实地形下的地表摩擦效应是“黄蜂”登陆后迅速减弱的重要原因之一 ;南海热带气旋区的地表热交换以潜热输送 (蒸发 )为主 ,其量值一般是感热输送的 5～ 10倍 ;洋面热交换与气旋强度间存在正反馈关系 ,符合热带气旋发展的“WISHE”(风引起的表面热交换 )机制观点 ,即“WISHE”可能是南海热带气旋发展的一种重要机制。

Beyond Algorithms: A Comprehensive Analysis of AI-Driven Personalization in Strategic Communications

This comprehensive study investigates the multifaceted impact of AI-powered personalization on strategic communications, delving deeply into its opportunities, challenges, and future directions. Employing a rigorous mixed-methods approach, we conduct an in-depth analysis of the effects of AI-driven personalization on audience engagement, brand perception, and conversion rates across various industries and communication channels. Our findings reveal that while AI-powered personalization significantly enhances communication effectiveness and offers unprecedented opportunities for audience connection, it also raises critical ethical considerations and implementation challenges. The study contributes substantially to the growing body of literature on AI in communications, offering both theoretical insights and practical guidelines for professionals navigating this rapidly evolving landscape. Furthermore, we propose a novel framework for ethical AI implementation in strategic communications and outline a robust agenda for future research in this dynamic field.

变速恒频双馈风电机组分段分层控制策略的研究

针对并网后变速恒频双馈风电机组的优化运行及其与电网的协调问题,依据分段分层控制思想,提出了变速恒频风电机组的并网控制策略:按照风速将风电机组的控制分为两个阶段,即低风速的最大风能追踪控制阶段和高风速的恒功率控制阶段,同时依据分层思想将风电机组电气部分的控制分为参考值的整定和对参考值的跟踪两层控制。利用该分段分层控制策略,对北方某风电场及其接入系统中风电机组的运行特性和接入系统中关键性节点的电压特性进行了仿真分析,结果表明该控制策略不但可以实现风电机组的优化运行,而且能较充分地发挥风电机组中双馈发电机的无功调节能力,提高风电机组并网后的电压稳定性,保证全网无功优化运行。

半干旱区海涂海水灌溉菊芋氮肥效应的研究

在连续3年半干旱区海涂海水灌溉试验的基础上,2 0 0 3年在莱州湾海涂进行了不同浓度海水灌溉菊芋氮肥效应的田间试验。结果表明:①在海水灌溉下氮肥对菊芋的增产与增幅均大大高于淡水灌溉,在5 0 %海水浓度范围内,随着灌溉海水浓度增加氮肥的增产效应也逐渐提高,以5 0 %浓度海水灌溉氮肥增产效应最大。②海水灌溉下,施用氮肥能显著促进菊芋对K+ ,Ca2 + 和Mg2 + 等有益离子的吸收与运输,尤其是明显提高菊芋在海水灌溉下的SK ,Na (根/茎)与SK ,Na (茎叶) ,而抑制菊芋对Na+ 及Cl-等有害离子的吸收。③海水灌溉下,施用氮肥明显促进菊芋根部磷的含量,以N3 (15 0kg/hm2 )水平与N1(不施氮)水平相比较,在用淡水、2 5 %海水、5 0 %海水、75 %海水灌溉处理下,菊芋根部含磷量增加的百分数为35 .9% ,4 7.4 % ,30 .6 %和38 0 %。

Key technologies and practice for gas field storage facility construction of complex geological conditions in China

In view of complex geological characteristics and alternating loading conditions associated with cyclic large amount of gas injection and withdrawal in underground gas storage(UGS) of China, a series of key gas storage construction technologies were established, mainly including UGS site selection and evaluation, key index design, well drilling and completion, surface engineering and operational risk warning and assessment, etc. The effect of field application was discussed and summarized. Firstly, trap dynamic sealing capacity evaluation technology for conversion of UGS from the fault depleted or partially depleted gas reservoirs. A key index design method mainly based on the effective gas storage capacity design for water flooded heterogeneous gas reservoirs was proposed. To effectively guide the engineering construction of UGS, the safe well drilling, high quality cementing and high pressure and large flow surface injection and production engineering optimization suitable for long-term alternate loading condition and ultra-deep and ultra-low temperature formation were developed. The core surface equipment like high pressure gas injection compressor can be manufactured by our own. Last, the full-system operational risk warning and assessment technology for UGS was set up. The above 5 key technologies have been utilized in site selection, development scheme design, engineering construction and annual operations of 6 UGS groups, e.g. the Hutubi UGS in Xinjiang. To date, designed main indexes are highly consistent with actural performance, the 6 UGS groups have the load capacity of over 7.5 billion cubic meters of working gas volume and all the storage facilities have been running efficiently and safely.

Sonoluminescence as the PeTa Radiation, Part Three

This paper is the third in a series published in this journal during 2017-2018. These three papers present various stages in the development of the PeTa model for phenomena of the same physical nature: cavitational luminescence (CL), multi-bubble sonoluminescence (MBSL), single-bubble sonoluminescence (SBSL), and laser-induced bubble luminescence (LIBL). The basis of this model is the PeTa (Perel’man-Tatartchenko) effect—a nonequilibrium characteristic radiation under first-order phase transitions, for instance, vapour condensation. The third iteration of this model “Vapour bubble luminescence” (VBL) is presented in this paper. The essence of this model is as follows: with a local decrease of pressure or an increase of temperature in a tiny volume of the liquid, one or several bubbles filled with vapour will appear. Subsequently, a very rapid increase in pressure or a decrease in temperature of the bubble leads to super-saturation of the vapour inside the bubble, followed by its instantaneous condensation with the emission of condensation energy (this is the PeTa effect). A sharp decrease in pressure causes the collapse of the bubble accompanied by a shock wave in the liquid. VBL model is conveniently represented on the solid-liquid-vapour phase diagram. A better understanding of the physical nature of the phenomena under consideration could help to find their useful applications. To develop this idea further, we propose a design of a cavity-free pulsed laser on the basis of CL/MBSL/SBSL. An analysis of LIBL in cryogenic liquids is also given in this paper.

棉花蜜蜂传粉杂交制种效果研究

利用抗虫不育系(Btms5ms5ms6ms6)和转Bt基因抗虫棉品系(Rg3)作为杂交制种亲本,制种期间在田间放养蜜蜂作为传粉媒介,连续三年在长江流域和黄河流域进行小规模田间开放式蜜蜂传粉杂交制种试验,对蜜蜂传粉杂交制种体系中的父母本种植比例、不同的蜂种、父母本种植方式、天气等对蜜蜂传粉制种效果进行了研究。初步研究结果表明:父母本种植比例以1:4制种效果较为理想,蜜蜂是较理想的传粉媒介,父母本混合种植方式和相间种植方式传粉效果差异不明显,天气变化对蜜蜂传粉影响较大,直接影响制种产量。

压裂过程中孔眼摩阻计算的改进模型及应用

在低渗透油气藏的加砂压裂施工中,经常出现实际井口施工压力比设计方案所预测的压力偏高,这很大程度上归因于井筒和裂缝间的连通性差,引起井筒和裂缝间的压力损失过大。孔眼摩阻计算的准确程度直接影响破裂压力的预测,裂缝扩展的几何形态,更是限流压裂的关键参数,对压裂施工的顺利实施和压后评估有重要的影响。文章在研究分析了目前孔眼摩阻计算公式适用性的基础上,提出了考虑不同压裂液类型、粘度、排量、砂浓度、孔眼直径等参数影响下孔眼摩阻的改进模型和算法。通过5 口压裂井应用结果表明,此模型和算法与实际更吻合且易于现场应用。

七星瓢虫对苹果蚜的田间捕食控害效果研究

通过田间观察测定七星瓢虫成虫及高龄幼虫对苹果蚜的捕食控害效果表明,瓢虫捕食时蚜虫群体燥动不安持续时间1min12s,蚜虫腹部和后肢翘起、腹管不断分泌排泄。七星瓢虫2种虫态对苹果蚜虫口密度捕食性能可用Holling-Ⅱ型方程很好地拟合,瓢虫自身不同密度捕食性能可用Hassell数学模型较好地反映。七星瓢虫不仅直接捕食,还惊扰苹果蚜食无定所,生活紊乱,繁殖率下降,捕食控害效果明显。捕食效果在一定范围内随蚜虫密度的增加而增加,随瓢虫密度的增加而下降。盛发初期0.067hm2果园人工助迁3000头,2周后苹果蚜自然消退。在果麦混合种植生态区有一定的利用价值。

被动桩中土拱形成机理的平面有限元分析

国内外对被动桩中土拱形成机理的研究比较少,尤其针对不同土性土体中这类问题的对比研究更是少见。借助平面有限元数值方法,对粘性土与无粘性土中被动桩间的土拱形成机理作了研究和对比分析,并讨论了土拱形成过程与土拱效应随土体参数如粘聚力、内摩擦角、弹性模量、剪胀角、泊松比、桩土接触特征的变化规律。研究表明:土性不同时,土拱形成过程中桩周土体的受力和破坏形式不同;剪胀角、泊松比、桩土接触特征对桩间土拱形成机理和效应影响明显。