Ecological Dyeing of Polyamide 6, 6(PA66) Fabrics with Monascus Pigments in Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane(D5) Solvent

Synthetic dyes in the aqueous media have been commonly used for textile dyeing, resulting in resource and environmental pressure arising from consumption of water and environmentally unfriendly chemicals. In this study, an eco-friendly process of dyeing polyamide 6, 6(PA66) fabrics with natural Monascus pigments in decamethylcyclopentasiloxane(D5) solvent has been developed to minimize water consumption and effluent generation. The influence of processing parameters including dyeing temperature, dyebath pH and dyeing time on dyeing effects was explored. It was shown that color strength and color fastness of the samples dyed in D5 media were higher than those of the samples dyed in the aqueous media. Moreover, PA66 fabrics exhibited the highest color strength, good color fastness and a bacteriostatic rate of 53.6% against Staphylococcus aureus when it was dyed at pH of 3.5 and temperature of 80 ℃ for 30 min.

Clean Monascus pigments production from Chinese rice wine wastes through submerged fermentation

The potential for Monascus pigments(MPs)production in a mixture of Chinese rice wine lees,soaked rice wastewater and broken rice was explored.MPs production reached 120.1 U/mL with optimal solid-liquid ratio of culture medium 1:10 and 20 g/L broken rice addition at shake flask level.We further explored the effects of stirring speed on MPs production in 7.5 L agitated bioreactor.The stirring speed had a great impact on cell morphology and the maximum MPs concentration and yield were 128.4 U/mL and 8174 U/g respectively at 400 rpm.The soluble chemical oxygen demand for the soaked rice wastewater decreased by 78.7%,which was mainly due to the intake of carbohydrates,organic acids and amino acids.Furthermore,a simultaneous fermentation process and production system with two-stage stirring speed control strategy was further developed in the 50 L pilot scale,in which the MPs production reached 158.9 U/mL.Meanwhile,Chinese rice wine wastes were fully utilized without addition of organic solvents during the process and no generation of new waste.Our results showed that Monascus was capable of converting Chinese rice wine wastes into natural pigments by submerged fermentation,which could provide an economic and environmentally friendly approach to reduce the cost of wastes treatment as well as high-value utilization.

Study on the Monascus Pigment of Monascus Strains JF-02 Fermentation

[ Objective] The aim was to study the fermentation technology of monascus pigment of monascus strains JF-02. [ Method] Single factor experiment was carried out to study the influence of temperature, initial pH, culture time, different agricultural byproduct, and nitrogen source on monascus pigment in fermentation solution. Meanwhile, orthogonal experiment was conducted to get the optimal culture medium and cultivation condition. [ Resultl The optimal gene in the pigment of monascus pigment was 200 g/L of rice, 30 g/L of sweet potato powder, 10 g/L of glucose, 15 g/L of monosodium glutamate, 0.1% of zinc sulfate, and 0.1% of magnesium sulfate. The optimal culture condition was 30 ℃ and initial pH was 6.0. Fermentation time was 72 h, but when 24-L fermentation pot was used, culture time can last to 84 h. [ Condusion] The study provided theoretical basis for the development and application of monascus strains.

Mphy gene reveals the involvement of light source in the regulation of pigment metabolism in Monascus ruber

The growth,development and pigment metabolism of Monascus are regulated by light.However,the function of the photoreceptor gene in the Monascus genome has not yet been clearly verified.In this paper,the gene sequence Mphy,which is homologous to plant phytochrome,was firstly found from Monascus ruber C100 by comparing it with the genome.Then,taking M.ruber C100 as the main research object,by knocking out and overexpressing the Mphy gene,the involvement of Mphy in the regulation of light on the growth and development of Monascus and the metabolism of Monascus pigments(MPs)were preliminarily explored.Compared with the original strain C100,the Mphy knockout strain(ΔMphy)and the overexpression strain(OE-Mphy)grew slowly and produced low spores.At the same time,under different light conditions,red light can promote the growth and sporulation of Monascus,while blue light can inhibit it.MPs are positively regulated by the Mphy gene,that is,the deletion of the Mphy gene reduces the production of MPs,while the overexpression of the gene increases the accumulation of the pigment,especially under red light conditions.These results indicate that the homologous genes of phytochromes are involved in the process of light-regulated growth,development and pigment metabolism in Monascus.Based on the above results,we found that under red light conditions,Mphy controls the process of pigment metabolism by affecting key enzymes in TCA metabolism and key signaling pathways such as the MAPK signaling pathway.

Monascus pigment-protected bone marrow-derived stem cells for heart failure treatment

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have demonstrated significant therapeutic potential in heart failure(HF)treatment.However,their clinical application is impeded by low retention rate and low cellular activity of MSCs caused by high inflammatory and reactive oxygen species(ROS)microenvironment.In this study,monascus pigment(MP)nanoparticle(PPM)was proposed for improving adverse microenvironment and assisting in transplantation of bone marrow-derived MSCs(BMSCs).Meanwhile,in order to load PPM and reduce the mechanical damage of BMSCs,injectable hydrogels based on Schiff base cross-linking were prepared.The PPM displays ROS-scavenging and macrophage phenotype-regulating capabilities,significantly enhancing BMSCs survival and activity in HF microenvironment.This hydrogel demonstrates superior biocompatibility,injectability,and tissue adhesion.With the synergistic effects of injectable,adhesive hydrogel and the microenvironment-modulating properties of MP,cardiac function was effectively improved in the pericardial sac of rats.Our results offer insights into advancing BMSCs-based HF therapies and their clinical applications.