A Web Service Framework for Environmental and Carbon Footprint Monitoring in Construction Supply Chains

With the growing environmental concerns, green supply chain management （GSCM） is gaining significant attention in the construction industry. Tracking and monitoring the environmental effects brought forth by the participating members along a supply chain is important to GSCM. The GreenSCOR model developed by the Supply Chain Council provides a generic framework for measuring the total carbon footprint and environmental footprint in a supply chain. The model is based on the Supply Chain Operations Reference （SCOR） model, which represents a supply chain network in a hierarchically structured manner. This paper describes the GreenSCOR framework and its potential application to the construction industry. This paper also presents a web services approach to incorporate the GreenSCOR model to the implementation of collaborative information systems. Each process element in the SCOR model is represented and delivered as individual web service units, which can be reused and integrated using standard web services technologies. The service units are combined and managed in a prototype web service collaborative framework, called SC Collaborator, which is designed and developed for supporting construction supply chain management. An illustrative example is presented to demonstrate the implementation of the GreenSCOR-based SC Collaborator framework.

Recent Developments in Monitoring of Complex Population Systems

The paper is an update of two earlier review papers concerning the application of the methodology of mathematical systems theory to population ecology, a research line initiated two decades ago. At the beginning the research was concentrated on basic qualitative properties of ecological models, such as observability and controllability. Observability is closely related to the monitoring problem of ecosystems, while controllability concerns both sustainable harvesting of population systems and equilibrium control of such systems, which is a major concern of conservation biology. For population system, observability means that, e.g. from partial observation of the system (observing only certain indicator species), in principle the whole state process can be recovered. Recently, for different ecosystems, the so-called observer systems (or state estimators) have been constructed that enable us to effectively estimate the whole state process from the observation. This technique offers an efficient methodology for monitoring of complex ecosystems (including spatially and stage-structured population systems). In this way, from the observation of a few indicator species the state of the whole complex system can be monitored, in particular certain abiotic effects such as environmental contamination can be identified. In this review, with simple and transparent examples, three topics illustrate the recent developments in monitoring methodology of ecological systems: stock estimation of a fish population with reserve area;and observer construction for two vertically structured population systems (verticum-type systems): a four-level ecological chain and a stage-structured fishery model with reserve area.

Urine exosome mRNA-based test for monitoring kidney allograft rejection:Effects of sample transportation and storage,and interference substances

BACKGROUND Exosomes are 30-150 nm nanovesicles with sophisticated nucleic acids cargo,actively secreted by all cells within human body,and found in abundance in all body fluids,including urine.These extracellular vesicles have tremendous potential for next generation diagnostics,theoretically enabling noninvasive assessment of organ and tissue function via liquid biopsy analysis.AIM Recently,feasibility of an exosomal molecular test was demonstrated for postorgan transplant monitoring:Analysis of urine-derived exosomal mRNA cargo allowed early detection of kidney allograft rejection.Here,we further studied urine-derived exosomes and their mRNA content as a highly promising diagnostic modality.This included stability studies of urine samples and exosomal mRNA upon transportation from the point of collection to a centralized testing facility,short-term storage of urine at different conditions upon receipt till the point molecular assay is performed,and effects of various potentially interfering substances on the downstream quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)assay.METHODS The urine specimens were stored at various conditions and pre-processed in different ways.Next,samples were passed through the columns to capture all extracellular vesicles,the vesicles were lysed to release their content and the exosomal RNA was purified on the mini-columns,reverse transcription was performed,next pre-amplification,followed by a qPCR analysis for a panel of RESULTS To ensure exosomal RNA integrity,the harvested urine specimens should be shipped refrigerated,by overnight delivery.Urine can next be stored at the test site for up to 1 wk at 4°C,and long term should be frozen at-80°C.Urine specimens must be centrifuge at low G-force to deplete cells and debris,to ensure consistent top results in downstream molecular assays.All commonly used medications(tacrolimus,cyclosporin A,mycophenolic acid,everolimus,sirolimus,ascomycin,teriflunomide)were tested and confirmed that they do not cause assay interference.CONCLUSION mRNA from urine-derived exosomes was shown to be stable across a broad range of conditions and produced accurate results when analyzed via qPCR assay for detection of kidney allograft rejection.We identified the most optimal conditions for every step of the process,ensuring pre-analytical sample integrity and robust qPCR results.

A high EMS daisy-chain SPI interface for battery monitor system

A high EMS current-mode SPI interface for battery monitor IC（BMIC） is presented to form a daisychain bus configuration for the cascaded BMICs and the communication between the MCU and master BMIC.Based on analog and digital mixed filtering technique,the proposed daisy-chain can avoid the isolated communication issue in electromagnetic interference environment,and reduce the extensively required I/O ports of MCU,at the same time reduce the system cost.The proposed daisy-chain interface was introduced in a 6-ch battery monitor IC which was fabricated with 0.35μ m 30 V BCD process.The measurement result shows that the presented daisy-chain SPI interface achieves better EMS performance with different EMI injection while just consuming a total operation current up to 1 m A.

Construction and Implementation of Logistics Tracking Management System of Tropical Agricultural Products Based on Supply Chain

[Objective] The paper is to construct the logistics tracking management system of tropical agricultural products based on supply chain.[Method] With tropical agricultural products in Hainan as study object,based on logistics supply chain files and electronic tag coding of agricultural products,cold chain temperature and humidity monitoring,vehicle transportation positioning,data exchange of XML Web services and role-based permission dynamic allocation,the multi-level multi-permission and multi-role logistics tracking management system of tropical agricultural products has been established.[Result] The system constructs information exchange platform for various links of logistics supply chain of tropical agricultural products,which realizes the entire quality monitoring and information tracing of agricultural products,thus enhancing the competitiveness of supply chain in company.[Conclusion] The system has good application and extension prospect.

一种信任管理系统中层次式monitor机制的设计与实现

信任链发现是信任管理的主要内容.由于在分布式环境中凭证分布于各个节点,并且对于相同或相似的请求现有的信任链发现算法需要大量重复的通信和计算开销进行凭证的搜集和验证,极大地影响了信任关系验证的效率.在分布式信任链发现算法的基础上,结合网络中的信任关系相对稳定的特点,基于缓存的原理实现了一个可扩展的层次式monitor机制用于保存信任链发现过程中产生的中间结果,并且采用订阅机制保证其有效性,从而有效避免对相似的信任关系验证而产生的重复通信和计算开销.实验表明,采用该机制的分布式信任链发现算法在信任关系相对稳定的情形下具有较高的效率.

Evolutionary PSO-based emergency monitoring geospatial edge service chain in the emergency communication network

Emergency communication networks play a vital role in disaster monitoring,transmission,and application during disaster emergency response(DER),however,the performance and stability of edge nodes in the emergency communication networks are often weak due to limited communication and computation resources.This weakness directly affects the quality,of service(Qos)of the geospatial edge service(GES)chains involved in emergency monitoring.Existing research predominantly addresses service compositions in stable environments,neglecting the aggregation of efficient and robust GES chains in emergency communication networks.This study proposes an evolutionary_particie swarm optimization(EPSO)-based emergency monitoring GES chain in an_emergency communication network.it includes a GES chain model of emergency environment monitoring for tailing areas,as well as the designs of the particle chromosome encoding method,fitness evaluation model,and particle chromosome swarm update operators of the EPSO-based GES chain.Finally,the study conducts emergency environment monitoring experiments for tailing areas using the proposed method.Experiments results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly enhances the efficiency,stability,and reliability of emergency monitoring GEs chains in the emergency communication network.This is crucial to providing fast and reliable services for DER during natural disasters.

Assessment of Medicines Cold Chain Storage Conformity with the World Health Organization Requirements in Health Facilities in Tanzania

A descriptive study on assessment of medicines cold chain storage conformity with World Health Organization (WHO) requirements in public health facilities was carried out in Dar es Salaam and Dodoma regions. Storage conformity in selected health facilities was assessed by monitoring temperature using temperature data loggers mounted in the refrigerators for a period of 30 days. Results indicated almost half of the health facilities 48.5% visited, did not significantly (P = 0.031) comply with storage temperature (+2°C to +8°C) as per WHO requirement because all recorded Mean Kinetic temperature (MKT) > 8°C. In rural areas, 59.2% of visited health facilities adhered to the WHO recommended storage temperature while in urban areas only 31.6% complied. The study has established electricity failure in urban and lack of gas in rural areas coupled with absence of contingency plan as major challenges to WHO temperature conformity in storage of cold chain medicines in health facilities in Tanzania.

基于无线网络的农产品冷链物流温度监测系统研究

介绍了农产品冷链物流温度监控的必要性,根据系统总体需求分析、总体架构、整体功能和硬件方案设计了监控系统,并基于GPRS网络和ZigBee无线网络设计了系统的硬件部分,从而实现了整个监测系统的目标。试验结果表明:系统可以实时显示冷链温箱内部温度,且能对异常温度进行报警,具有可行性和准确性。

铁路地质灾害勘察识别与监测预警

地质灾害对铁路建设、安全运营构成了极大威胁,“天空地”一体化综合勘察技术有效解决了地质灾害勘察识别难题。“天”基多源立体卫星遥感技术实现艰险复杂山区地质灾害的大范围精准判识,长时序InSAR与高精度GPS实现高陡岸坡的稳定性监测分析;“空”基真实感大场景、机载倾斜摄影和机载LiDAR扫描技术实现高植被覆盖区隐蔽性地质灾害判识;“地”基三维立体勘探技术获取岩土体结构、属性、参数;共同构建沟谷山地灾害链风险评价方案,为建设工程合理选址和工程设置提供依据。介绍地质灾害监测预警的方法、内容、技术和预警模型,对监测预警技术发展方向进行展望。

基于目标与活动风险的关键链项目缓冲监控周期确定方法

经典研究假设随时能够得到缓冲的消耗状态,但在项目实际执行的过程中很难实现,且监控次数过多会导致项目偏离计划。为保证每一次缓冲监控都能够有利于项目实施,本文提出了一种基于项目目标和活动风险确定监控周期的方法。不同项目对工期、成本、质量的侧重点不同,利用工期与成本、工期与质量之间的关系,根据不同的侧重点确定合适的监控频次。再根据每项活动的风险大小分配监控次数,活动的风险越大需分配到的监控次数越多,从而确定每项活动的监控周期,使项目在有限次的缓冲监控下实现效益最优。最后利用Matlab进行蒙特卡洛模拟实验,结果表明,与对比方法相比,所提方法能在满足项目质量要求的前提下,缩短项目工期并降低成本。

基于试验模拟的滑坡泥石流灾害链风险监测预警

[目的]开展以元阳梯田滑坡泥石流地质灾害链为基础的风险监测预警研究,为改善降雨诱发型滑坡泥石流灾害链的预警精度,提高防灾减灾工作针对性提供科学依据。[方法]采用降雨模型模拟试验来探讨元阳梯田滑坡—泥石流灾害链破坏过程,通过对降雨量、体积含水率和坡体变形破坏过程进行实时监测,分析不同降雨条件下灾害链风险预警阈值。试验设置长时间中雨(50 mm/h)、长时间暴雨(120 mm/h)、循环间歇暴雨和干旱突发型暴雨4种降雨工况。[结果]在降雨持续作用下,灾害链发展过程为:地表冲刷、蠕滑、快速滑动、泥石流运移及运移结束。坡体破坏最先从左侧坡脚开始,右侧坡脚稍后。不同降雨工况下坡体破坏形式不同:暴雨工况下坡体中部会产生一条横向裂缝,而形成上下两个滑块;中雨工况下坡体则陆续形成多个滑块;干旱突发暴雨工况下泥石流形成时间最短,运移距离最远,流通和堆积范围相比其他降雨工况更广。[结论]滑坡泥石流灾害链预警监测指标主要为累积降雨量、降雨持续时间、含水率变化和坡体变形发展现场监测。这些监测参数受降雨条件、土体性质、坡角和外部动力条件等诸多因素影响,因此在实际应用中需要综合考虑这些因素。

光纤光栅传感器研发及其在土木工程中的应用进展

从传感器类型出发介绍了表贴式、纤维增强聚合物式、管式和内嵌式封装光纤布拉格光栅传感器的结构型式、实施方式和关键技术,简述了各种封装方式传感器的工作原理、技术研发及工程应用进展,总结了不同封装方式传感器的优势和不足。然后,简要介绍了光纤布拉格光栅传感器在桥梁结构状态监测或检测中的典型工程应用案例。最后,指出了光纤布拉格光栅传感器在土木工程领域中的工艺工法、耐久性和分布式测量以及未来推广应用有待解决的关键问题等,为光纤布拉格光栅传感器技术优化及其在土木工程中的推广应用提供参考。

崩塌滑坡-堰塞湖-溃决洪水-泥石流灾害链演化特征分析及防治对策研究

某沟谷两岸坡面陡峻,沟谷狭窄,纵坡降较大,在地震、降雨等不利因素影响下,其左岸堆积体上方的崩滑堵沟隐患点可能出现失稳,并发展为崩塌滑坡-堰塞湖-溃决洪水-泥石流灾害链。针对此灾害链不同阶段的演化特征,采用相应的数值模拟模型和数值计算方法进行模拟分析和计算,评价其对沟口桥梁工程的影响,并采取相应的防治对策。经分析计算,崩塌滑坡隐患点距沟底高程落差约1 km,岩体体积约8×10^(6)m^(3),平均厚度约26 m,崩塌滑坡堵河可形成最大水深为14.4 m、面积约为7.19×10^(4)m^(2)、方量约为2.74×10^(5)m^(3)的堰塞湖;堰塞湖溃决形成洪水过程中,桥梁处最大水深为4.43 m(不含原始水位),最大流速为7.54 m/s,峰值流量为807 m^(3)/s;在溃决洪水强烈揭底冲刷和侵蚀的条件下,溃决洪水引发的泥石流在桥梁处的最大水深为7.1 m、最大流速为8 m/s、峰值流量为1685.5 m^(3)/s、最大冲刷深度为16.58 m。为减少该灾害链对桥梁工程的影响,采取河道疏通、岸坡防护和监测预警等防治措施。

热致变色材料及其在食品智能包装中的应用

目的了解热致变色材料的性能和特点,旨在为热致变色食品包装的发展提供参考,推动热致变色材料在食品无损监测中的应用。方法根据热致变色材料变色的可逆性和变色机理对其进行分类,总结热致变色材料目前在食品智能包装中的应用现状,并提出其未来的发展趋势和研究方向。结论热致变色材料在食品智能包装领域的研究与应用依然具有较大的发展空间。未来可通过加强理论研究或者开发性能更好的新型热致变色材料,进一步满足实际应用的需求。

基于冷链物流的青脆李保鲜技术研究进展

青脆李因其质地清脆、风味酸甜可口、营养含量丰富而受到消费者追捧。但是采后运输过程中的青脆李生理活动、微生物污染或结构损伤均易导致果实软化、转黄、腐烂等,严重缩短了青脆李的货架期,损害了商品价值,因此青脆李采后保鲜尤为重要。冷链物流是一种能够减少损耗防止污染的低温运输系统,也是最常用的运输保藏方法,具有较大的应用前景。本文概述了低温下青脆李腐败变质因素,总结青脆李冷链运输相关保鲜技术,包括果实采后处理技术如冷热处理、紫外辐照、气调保鲜等物理保鲜技术,化学或天然试剂修饰、可食膜、涂层等化学保鲜技术,以及冷链物流系统监控技术等,为青脆李冷链物流保鲜技术研究提供参考。

自然灾害风险监测框架及产品体系设计

自然灾害风险监测是防灾减灾救灾领域的基础性和前沿性工作,为风险评估、灾害预警和综合减灾提供基础数据和研判信息。自然灾害风险监测当前处于理论研究和业务探索阶段,存在业务服务不精准、产品体系不健全、实践难题未凝练、关键技术未突破和监测站网不完备等难题,还不能满足灾害风险早发现、早识别和早防范的现实需求。结合多灾种灾害链基础理论和业务实践,阐明“为何监测、何时监测、怎么监测、监测哪里、监测什么”等业务系统化、体系化发展思路。为全面提升自然灾害风险监测产品决策支撑能力,设计了包括业务体系构建、关键技术突破、标准规范形成、数据库建设、应用平台开发和典型应用推广等在内的总体框架,构建应用场景、产品类型和产品要素一体化的科学精细的业务产品体系。

温湿度冷链监控管理系统在医院药品质控管理中的应用

通过安装温湿度冷链监控管理系统,监测冷链药品温湿度。比较2022年9月—2023年2月医院药品库房和冰箱系统监测记录的温湿度与人工记录温湿度温度超标和预警情况,总结影响存储药品库房和冰箱温湿度超标的原因,提出相应的解决办法,大大降低了药品质量问题的风险。为相关部门进行冷链药品储存条件检查时提供了可靠的数据和图像。所以,温湿度冷链监控管理系统为冷链药品的储存条件提供了更可靠、有效、高效的保障,更有利于保障冷链药品的安全有效,逐步实现医院冷链药品/试剂在冷链环节全程的信息化、智能化监控管理提供参考。

一种冷链温湿度监测系统的设计与实现

针对我国冷链温湿度监测过程中存在的自动化程度低、实时性差等问题,设计了一种基于物联网与云平台的实时冷链温湿度监测系统。选用PT1000和AM2120传感器作为系统的信息采集部分,LPC824M芯片进行数据处理,配合无线通信模块BC28芯片和阿里云平台实现检测系统与上位机的高速通信。实验结果表明该系统具有低功耗、使用寿命长、运行稳定等特点,可实现对冷链系统中温湿度等数据的实时监测。系统安装方便,成本低廉,能够实时、准确地监测冷链系统环境温湿度变化状态,避免冷链系统因温湿度剧烈变化带来的损失。

智能指示包装在食品质量监测中的应用

食品新鲜度是影响食品品质和食用安全的重要因素之一,传统食品包装不能实时准确监测食物腐败情况,容易引发严重的食品安全问题。智能指示包装具有不用破坏食品的外包装,仅通过内部指示剂颜色的变化,肉眼判断食品新鲜程度的功能,能够达到主动提供食品质量信息的目的。文章重点介绍了智能指示包装的分类及其在果蔬、乳制品、肉类和水产品类等食品质量监测中的应用,以期为新型智能指示包装技术开发提供借鉴和参考。