Elucidating the enhancement of kaolinite flotation by iron content through density functional theory: A study on sodium oleate adsorption efficiency

This study delves into the intricate relationship between iron(Fe)content in kaolinite and its impact on the adsorption behavior of sodium oleate.The effects of different iron concentrations on adsorption energy,hydrogen bond kinetics and adsorption efficiency were studied through simulation and experimental verification.The results show that the presence of iron in the kaolinite structure significantly improves the adsorption capacity of sodium oleate.Kaolinite samples with high iron content have better adsorption properties,lower adsorption energy levels and shorter and stronger hydrogen bonds than pure kaolinite.The optimal concentration of oleic acid ions for achieving maximum adsorption efficiency was identified as 1.2 mmol/L across different kaolinite samples.At this concentration,the adsorption rates and capacities reach their peak,with Fe-enriched kaolinite samples exhibiting notably higher flotation recovery rates.This optimal concentration represents a balance between sufficient oleic acid ion availability for surface interactions and the prevention of self-aggregation phenomena that could hinder adsorption.This study offers promising avenues for optimizing the flotation process in mineral processing applications.

Adsorption of sodium oleate at the microfine hematite/aqueous solution interface and its consequences for flotation

The adsorption of sodium oleate(NaOL)at the microfine hematite/aqueous solution interface was investigated in this paper.Experimental research indicated that negative effects stemmed from the dissolution of the microfine hematite(D50=19.21μm)could be effectively eliminated via the appropriate dosage of NaOL at alkali pH conditions.Solution chemistry calculation and adsorption test results indicated that RCOO
and(RCOO)_(2)^(2-) ions were responsible for microfine hematite flotation at pH 8.2.Zeta potential and FTIR measurements confirmed the co-adsorption of molecular and ionic oleate species occurred at pH 8.2.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)results further indicated that oleate species interacted with hematite surfaces mainly through chemisorption,giving rise to molecule/colloid formation of oleate and Fe―OL complex compound.Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(ToF-SIMS)results demonstrated that oleate species adsorbed onto the hematite surfaces with a thickness of a few nanometers.Furthermore,the normalized peak intensity of C4H7+ions on the hematite sample at pH 8.2 increased remarkably comparing with corresponding result of hematite sample at pH 6.8.The new findings of the present study well revealed the dissolution of microfine hematite and the pH effects on the hematite flotation,as well as the adsorption characteristics of oleate species.

Shear hydrophobic flocculation and flotation of ultrafine Anshan hematite using sodium oleate

Effects of stirring speed and time, pH and sodium oleate concentration on the shear hydrophobic flocculation of ultrafine Anshan hematite with sodium oleate as the surfactant were discussed. The results show that these parameters significantly affect the shear hydrophobic flocculation of ultrafine hematite. The optimum conditions for the flocculation are： stirring speed 1 400 r/min, flocculation time 20 min, pH 9 and sodium oleate concentration 3.94×10-4 mol/L; the flotation recovery of hematite flocs is remarkably high compared with non flocculated ultrafine hematite. According to the extended DLVO theory, the total interaction potential of Anshan ultrafine hematite was determined. The calculation results indicate that the hydrophobic flocculation state of the ultrafine hematite-sodium oleate system is mainly dominated by electric double layer repulsive interaction potential and hydrophobic interaction potential. A mechanical agitation is required to impart particles a kinetic energy to overcome potential barrier between them due to the existence of electric double layer repulsive interaction potential. Those particles further approach to form flocs due to the significant increase of the hydrophobic interaction potential.

Cloning of Cotton Delta-12 Oleate Desaturase Gene FAD2-1 and Construction of Its ihpRNA and amiRNA Interference Vectors

Delta-12 oleate desaturase gene （FAD2-1） which converts oleic acid into linoleic acid, is the key enzyme determining the fatty acid composition of cottonseed oil. By employing RT-PCR method, full length cDNA of cotton delta-12 oleate desat- urase gene GhFAD2-1 containing an open reading frame of 1 158 bp was cloned for constructing RNAi vector. A 515 bp long specific fragment of this gene was se- lected for constructing ihpRNA vector under the control of a seed-specific promoter NAPIN, named pFGC1008-NAPIN-FAD2-1; meanwhile miRNA gene-silencing vector pCAMBIA1302-amiRNA-FAD2-1 targeting GhFAD2-1 was also constructed.

Rheological properties of wormlike micelles formed in the sodium oleate/trisodium phosphate aqueous solution

Aqueous solution of anionic surfactant,sodium oleate（NaOA）,was studied by means of steady-state shear rheology and dynamic oscillatory technique.The system of NaOA/Na3PO4 showed high viscosity,strong viscoelasticity and good ability of countering Ca^2＋,Mg^2＋.The Maxwell model and Cole-Cole plot were applied to study the dynamic viscoelasticity of wormlike micelles.The microstructures of the wormlike micelles were characterized by FF-TEM.

Aquathermolysis of heavy crude oil with ferric oleate catalyst

Oil-soluble catalysts could be of special significance for reducing the viscosity of heavy crude oil, because of their good dispersion in crude oil and high catalytic efficiency toward aquathermolysis. Ferric oleate was synthesized and applied as catalyst in the aquathermolysis reaction of Shengli heavy oil. It was found that ferric oleate was more efficient for heavy oil cracking than Co and Ni oleates. Besides, it was superior to oleic acid and inorganic ferric nitrate and achieved the highest viscosity reduction rate of up to 86.1%. In addition, the changes in the components of Shengli heavy oil before and after aquathermolysis were investigated by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, and ^1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results indicated that ferric oleate contributed to a significant increase in the content of light components and decrease in the content of resin, N and S. The as-prepared ferric oleate showed good activity for reducing the viscosity and improving the quality of the heavy crude oil, showing promising application potential in aquathermolysis of heavy crude oil.

Synthesis of Ethyl Oleate Catalyzed by Solid Superacid SO_4^(2-)/TiO_2/La^(3+)

Rare-earth compound solid superacid SO4^2 -/TiO2/La3＋ was prepared. Its catalytic activity was examined under different synthetic conditions for the esterification of propanoic acid and n-butyl alcohol as probing reaction. The optimum conditions were also found, which were the pH=8, the depositing time was 24 h, the mass fraction of La（NO3）3 used in solid superacid was 5%, the concentration of H2SO4 was 1.25 mol/L, the soaking time in H2SO4 was 16 h and the calcining temperature was 500℃. The ethyl oleate was synthesized from oleic acid and ethanol in the presence of SO4^2-/TiO2/La3＋. The optimum reaction conditions were obtained which were the reaction time was 6 h, molar ratio of oleic acid to ethanol was 1：4 and the mass fraction of catalyst was 4%.

EFFECT OF SODIUM OLEATE ON FLOTATION OF MAGNESITE

Laboratory studies were made on the floatabil-ity of magnesite and dolomite with sodium oieate as the collector. The adsorption mechanism of sodium oieate on the surface of minerals was examined. The results show that the ion-molecule association polymer of oieate in the pulp is a main active component of the collector . In both neutral and basic media , the adsorption type of sodium oieate on the surface of carbonate minerals is mainly chemisorp-tion, forming Mg(Ol)2 and Mg(Ol)2·HOl.

Effect of temperature on floatability and adsorption behavior of fine wolframite with sodium oleate

The influence of pulp temperature on the floatability and adsorption behavior of fine wolframite with sodium oleate was investigated by microflotation experiments, electric conductivity tests, adsorption measurements, and FT-IR analysis. Microflotation results show that fine wolframite with sodium oleate exhibits a good floatability at pH 8–9. Electric conductivity tests indicate that the high temperature enhances the ionization degree and electric mobility of oleate species, then the flotation recovery of fine wolframite and the adsorption amount of sodium oleate are observed to increase with the rise in pulp temperature. The results of adsorption experiments are found to meet Freundlich isotherms successfully, and the isosteric enthalpy （ΔH^Θ） is in conformity with the chemical bonding. The changes in FT-IR analysis provide sufficient evidence that sodium oleate interacts with the metal cations of wolframite surface, and the increase in pulp temperature clearly promotes the chemisorption intensity. These findings will be beneficial to strengthen the flotation behavior of fine wolframite.

Effect of Potassium Oleate on Rheological Behavior of Cationic Guar in Aqueous Solution with Varying Temperatures

The rheology of the cationic guar （CG） solution was measured and the effects of potassium oleate （KOA） upon the rheological properties of CG solution were studied. The steady shear viscosity measurement has shown that the viscosity of CG solution increased dramatically in the presence of KOA. The viscosity enhancement of KOA upon CG solution can be approximate three orders in magnitude. The gel-like formation of CG solution is observed at the high concentration of KOA. The excess addition of KOA results in the phase separation of CG solution. The oscillatory rheological measurement has shown that the crossover modulus Gc （corresponding to either storage modulus G＇ or loss modulus G＇＇ at the frequency wc where G＇ equals G＇＇） for CG solution, decreases with the increasing the concentration of KOA in solution. On the other hand, the apparent relaxation time 7-app （=1/wc） increases with increasing the concentration of KOA in solution. Our experimental results suggest that for surfaetant such as KOA which has a stronger tendency to form micelles in solution, the cooperative hydrophobic interaction of polymer bound to surfactants is less necessary to the formation of aggregates in solution, especially at the high concentration of surfactants. In fact, with the increase of the concentration of KOA, the number of the aggregates which associate polymer together decreases whereas the intensity of these aggregates increases. The effect of temperature upon the aggregation is also significant. With the increase of temperature, the number of the aggregates increases whereas the intensity of these aggregates decreases, probably because the ionization of KOA increases at high temperature.

Synthesis of Environmentally Friendly Multifunctional Metal (Calcium,Magnesium) Oleate Detergent with Antioxidation Property

This article covers a method for synthesizing environmentally friendly multifunctional metal (calcium,magnesium) oleate detergents with antioxidation property.These multifunctional metal (calcium,magnesium) oleate detergents with antioxidation property were synthesized using oil-soluble liquid antioxidants (PPIBP,PPIBTSTBP,and PPIBPDA) as reactive functional materials.These oil-soluble liquid antioxidants have the potential to be used as functional materials for application in synthesizing other kinds of substrate detergents.

Effect and mechanism of dolomite with different size fractions on hematite flotation using sodium oleate as collector

The effect of dolomite with different particle size fractions on hematite flotation was studied using sodium oleate as collector at p H of about 9. The effect mechanism of dolomite on hematite flotation was investigated by means of solution chemistry, ultraviolet spectrophotometry(UV), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). It is observed that dolomite with different size fractions has depressing effect on hematite flotation using sodium oleate as collector, and dolomite could be the "mineral depressant" of hematite using sodium oleate as collector. The reasons for that are concerned with sodium oleate consumption and the adsorption onto hematite of dissolved species of dolomite.

Solution chemistry of carbonate minerals and its effects on the flotation of hematite with sodium oleate

The effects of carbonate minerals（dolomite and siderite） on the flotation of hematite using sodium oleate as a collector were investigated through flotation tests, supplemented by dissolution measurements, solution chemistry calculations, zeta-potential measurements, Fourier transform infrared（FTIR） spectroscopic studies, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） analyses. The results of flotation tests show that the presence of siderite or dolomite reduced the recovery of hematite and that the inhibiting effects of dolomite were stronger. Dissolution measurements, solution chemistry calculations, and flotation tests confirmed that both the cations（Ca^（2＋） and Mg^（2＋）） and CO_3^（2＋）ions dissolved from dolomite depressed hematite flotation, whereas only the 23CO-ions dissolved from siderite were responsible for hematite depression. The zeta-potential, FTIR spectroscopic, and XPS analyses indicated that Ca^（2＋）, Mg^（2＋）, and CO_3^（2-）（HCO_3^-） could adsorb onto the hematite surface, thereby hindering the adsorption of sodium oleate, which was the main reason for the inhibiting effects of carbonate minerals on hematite flotation.

Insights into the influence of temperature on the adsorption behavior of sodium oleate and its response to flotation of quartz

Temperature affects the flotation of quartz in the calcium/sodium oleate(Na OL)system,while there is a lack of understanding of its potential mechanism.Therefore,in this work,the flotation response of quartz to temperature was investigated via micro-flotation experiments,interface property analyses,and theoretical calculations.Flotation results demonstrated that increasing temperature contributed to higher flotation recovery of quartz,which enhanced the removal of quartz from hematite.Surface tension results revealed that higher temperatures lowered the critical micelle concentration(CMC)and surface tension of the Na OL solution,and thus enhanced its surface activity.Solution chemistry calculations and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)measurements confirmed that the increased content of Ca(OH)+achieved by increasing temperatures enhanced the adsorption amounts of calcium species(acting as activation sites)on the quartz surface.Dynamic light scattering(DLS)measurements verified that the association degree of RCOOàto form(RCOO)22àwas strengthened.Furthermore,adsorption density measurements and molecular dynamics(MD)simulations confirmed that increasing the temperature facilitated Na OL adsorption toward the surface of the quartz,which was attributed to the stronger interaction between Na OL and the calcium-activated quartz surface at higher temperatures.As a result,quartz flotation was improved by increasing temperatures.Accordingly,a possible adsorption model was proposed.

Microwave-Assisted Decarboxylation of Sodium Oleate and Renewable Hydrocarbon Fuel Production

The carboxyl terminal of sodium oleate has a stronger polarity than that of oleic acid;this terminal is more likely to be dipole polarized and ionically conductive in a microwave field.Sodium oleate was used as the model compound to study the decarboxylation of oleic acid leading to hydrocarbon formation via microwave-assisted pyrolysis technology.The pyrolysis gas,liquid,and solid products were precisely analyzed to deduce the mechanism for decarboxylation of sodium oleate.Microwave energy was able to selectively heat the carboxyl terminal of sodium oleate.During decarboxylation,the double bond in the long hydrocarbon chain formed a p-πconjugated system with the carbanion intermediate.The resulting p-πconjugated system was more stable and beneficial to the pyrolysis reaction(decarboxylation,terminal allylation,isomerization,and aromatization).The physical properties of pyrolysis liquid were generally similar to those of diesel fuel,thereby demonstrating the possible use of microwaves for controlling the decarboxylation of sodium oleate in order to manufacture renewable hydrocarbon fuels.

Green and efficient epoxidation of methyl oleate over hierarchical TS-1

The epoxidation of methyl oleate(MO)was conducted in the presence of aqueous H2O2 as the oxidant and hierarchical TS-1(HTS-1)as the catalyst;the catalyst was synthesized using polyquaternium-6 as the mesopore template.The effects of various parameters,i.e.,H2O2/C=C molar ratio,oxidant concentration,amount of the catalyst,reaction temperature,and time,were systematically studied.Furthermore,response surface methodology(RSM)was used to optimize the conditions to maximize the yield of epoxy MO and to evaluate the significance and interplay of the factors affecting the epoxy MO production.The H2O2/C=C molar ratio and catalyst amount were the determining factors for MO epoxidation,wherein the maximum yield of epoxy MO reached 94.9%over HTS-1 under the optimal conditions.

Metal–Oleate Complex?Derived Bimetallic Oxides Nanoparticles Encapsulated in 3D Graphene Networks as Anodes for Efficient Lithium Storage with Pseudocapacitance

In this manuscript, we have demonstrated the delicate design and synthesis of bimetallic oxides nanoparticles derived from metal–oleate complex embedded in 3D graphene networks(MnO/CoMn_2O_4  GN), as an anode material for lithium ion batteries. The novel synthesis of the MnO/CoMn_2O_4  GN consists of thermal decomposition of metal–oleate complex containing cobalt and manganese metals and oleate ligand, forming bimetallic oxides nanoparticles, followed by a selfassembly route with reduced graphene oxides. The MnO/CoMn_2O_4  GN composite, with a unique architecture of bimetallic oxides nanoparticles encapsulated in 3D graphene networks, rationally integrates several benefits including shortening the di usion path of Li^+ ions, improving electrical conductivity and mitigating volume variation during cycling. Studies show that the electrochemical reaction processes of MnO/Co Mn_2O_4  GN electrodes are dominated by the pseudocapacitive behavior, leading to fast Li^+ charge/discharge reactions. As a result, the MnO/CoMn_2O_4  GN manifests high initial specific capacity, stable cycling performance, and excellent rate capability.

Pyrolysis Characteristics and Kinetics of Methyl Oleate Based on TG-FTIR Method

The thermal decomposition characteristics of methyl oleate were preliminarily investigated under nitrogen atmo-sphere by a thermogravimetric analyzer when the ester was heated at a heating rate of 10℃/min from room temperature to 600℃. Furthermore, the pyrolytic and kinetic characteristics of methyl oleate were intensively studied at different heating rates. The gaseous species obtained during thermal decomposition were also identiifed by the TG-FTIR coupling analysis. The results showed that the pyrolysis of methyl oleate proceeded in three stages, viz. the drying stage, the main pyrolysis stage and the residual pyrolysis stage. The initial decomposition temperature, the maximum weight loss temperature, the peak decomposition temperature and the rate of maximum weight loss of methyl oleate increased with the increasing heating rates. Gaseous CO, CO2 and H2O were the typical decomposition products from pyrolysis of methyl oleate. In addition, a kinetic model for thermal decomposition of methyl oleate was built up based on the experimental results using the Coats-Redfern integral method and the multiplelinear regression method. The activation energy, the preexponential factor, the reaction order and the kinetic equation for thermal decomposition of methyl oleate were obtained. Comparison of the experimental data with the calculated ones and analysis of statistical errors of pyrolysis ratios demonstrated that the kinetic model was reliable for studying the pyrolysis of methyl oleate. Finally, the kinetic compensation effect between the preexponential factors and the activation energy in the pyrolysis of methyl oleate was also conifrmed.

Adsorption effect mechanism of sodium oleate on feldspar and quartz

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Evalution of Thermal Oxidative Degradation of Trimethylol-propane Trioleate by TG/DTA/DSC

In order to evaluate the thermal oxidation degradation behavior of lubricant with different antioxidants,the thermal kinetics equation based on the anlyses of thermogravimetry(TG),differential thermal analysis(DTA),and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)was established,respectively,to calculate the activation energy of lubricant thermal-oxidative reaction.The thermal analyses of TG and DTA were employed to determine the thermal decomposition properties of ester oils trimethylolpropane trioleate(TMPTO)with butyl-octyl-diphenylamine/octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate/amine-phenol combination antioxidant.The activation energy of the lubricating oil adding antioxidant is increased relative to the TMPTO base oil,and the order of activation energy are Ec(93.732 kJ·mol^(-1))>Ed(88.71 kJ·mol^(-1))>Eb(58.41 kJ·mol^(-1))>Ea(46.32 kJ·mol^(-1)).The experimental results show that octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate in TMPTO has favorable resistance to thermal oxidation and decomposition.The thermal analysis method of DSC accurately reflects the heat exchange of lubricant thermal-oxidative reaction.The order of activation energy is calculated to ED(144.385 kJ·mol^(-1))>EC(110.05 kJ·mol^(-1))>EB(97.187 kJ·mol^(-1))>EA(66.02 kJ·mol^(-1)).It is illustrated that the amine-phenol combination antioxidant has the best thermal oxidation resistance,which is the same as what the oxidation onset temperature effected.