Type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors,encompassing selegiline,rasagiline,and safinamide,are available to treat Parkinson's disease.These drugs ameliorate motor symptoms and improve motor fluctuation in the advanced ...Type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors,encompassing selegiline,rasagiline,and safinamide,are available to treat Parkinson's disease.These drugs ameliorate motor symptoms and improve motor fluctuation in the advanced stages of the disease.There is also evidence suppo rting the benefit of type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors on non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease,such as mood deflection,cognitive impairment,sleep disturbances,and fatigue.Preclinical studies indicate that type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors hold a strong neuroprotective potential in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases for reducing oxidative stress and stimulating the production and release of neurotrophic factors,particularly glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor,which suppo rt dopaminergic neurons.Besides,safinamide may interfere with neurodegenerative mechanisms,countera cting excessive glutamate overdrive in basal ganglia motor circuit and reducing death from excitotoxicity.Due to the dual mechanism of action,the new generation of type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors,including safinamide,is gaining interest in other neurological pathologies,and many supporting preclinical studies are now available.The potential fields of application concern epilepsy,Duchenne muscular dystrophy,multiple scle rosis,and above all,ischemic brain injury.The purpose of this review is to investigate the preclinical and clinical pharmacology of selegiline,rasagiline,and safinamide in Parkinson's disease and beyond,focusing on possible future therapeutic applications.展开更多
Objective: In the manuscript titled Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitor Rasagiline Effects on Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms in Individuals with Parkinsons Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, the objective was to ...Objective: In the manuscript titled Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitor Rasagiline Effects on Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms in Individuals with Parkinsons Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, the objective was to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to investigate the effects that Rasagiline has on motor and non-motor symptoms in individuals with PD. Introduction: Rasagiline is a second-generation monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitor used both as monotherapy and adjunctive therapy for Parkinsons Disease (PD). Methods: A systematic literature search and meta-analysis were performed with randomized control trials that investigated the effects of Rasagiline on motor and non-motor symptoms in individuals with PD. The systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, and EBSCO databases. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Grading Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Results: Fourteen studies were included in our review. There were trivial to small and statistically significant improvements in motor symptoms for individuals with PD treated with Rasagiline compared to placebo. Non-motor symptoms showed no significant improvement with Rasagiline compared to placebo in five of six meta-analyses. Results were based on very low to moderate certainty of evidence. Conclusion: 1 mg/day Rasagiline significantly improved Parkinsonian motor symptoms in individuals with PD compared with placebo. For all outcomes, the 1 mg/day Rasagiline group was favored over the placebo group.展开更多
Ayurveda is a renowned traditional medicine practiced in India from ancient times and Clitoria ternatea is one such prospective medicinal herb incorporated as an essential constituent in a brain tonic called as medhya...Ayurveda is a renowned traditional medicine practiced in India from ancient times and Clitoria ternatea is one such prospective medicinal herb incorporated as an essential constituent in a brain tonic called as medhya rasayan for treating neurological disorders.This work emphasises the significance of the plant as a brain drug there by upholding Indian medicine.The phytochemicals from the root extract were extricated using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry assay and molecular docking against the protein Monoamine oxidase was performed with four potential compounds along with four reference compounds of the plant.This persuades the prospect of C.ternatea as a remedy for neurodegenerative diseases and depression.The in silico assay enumerates that a major compound(Z)-9,17-octadecadienal obtained from the chromatogram with a elevated retention time of 32.99 furnished a minimum binding affinity energy value of-6.5 kcal/mol against monoamine oxidase(MAO-A).The interactions with the amino acid residues ALA 68,TYR 60 and TYR 69 were analogous to the reference compound kaempferol-3-monoglucoside with a least score of-13.90/-12.95 kcal/mol against the isoforms(MAO)A and B.This study fortifies the phytocompounds of C.ternatea as MAO-inhibitors and to acquire a pharmaceutical approach in rejuvenating Ayurvedic medicine.展开更多
Monoamine oxidase is flavoenzymes, widely distributed in mammals. It is well recognized that MAOs serve an important role in metabolism that they have close relationship with health .Along with the discoveries between...Monoamine oxidase is flavoenzymes, widely distributed in mammals. It is well recognized that MAOs serve an important role in metabolism that they have close relationship with health .Along with the discoveries between MAOs and neurotic disease, more and more studies have been jumped in .In this paper, we design a new probe for assaying the activities of MAOs. The results showed that the probe [7-（3-aminopropoxy）coumarin] is simple, effective and sensitive for MAOB.展开更多
The expected growth of the elderly population at highest risk for Parkinson’s disease(PD)in the next decades makes the identification of factors that promote or prevent the disease an important goal.In addition,new t...The expected growth of the elderly population at highest risk for Parkinson’s disease(PD)in the next decades makes the identification of factors that promote or prevent the disease an important goal.In addition,new therapies-aiming to delay the progression of PD are also needed(Prediger,2010).However,there have been few clinical trials designed to investigate neuroprotection.Thus the application of an appropriate in vitro model such as the neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line is extremely helpful.These cells were selected due to its human origin,catecholaminergic neuronal properties,and ease of maintenance(Xicoy et al.,2017).展开更多
Aims: We focused on DNA methylation of the promoter regions of the Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) A and B genes from postmortem brains of subjects with schizophrenia. Methods: We determined levels of DNA methylation using ge...Aims: We focused on DNA methylation of the promoter regions of the Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) A and B genes from postmortem brains of subjects with schizophrenia. Methods: We determined levels of DNA methylation using genomic DNA samples purified from four brain areas: prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus, occipital cortex and nucleus accumbens (NAc), by a bisulfite sequencing method from seven normal subjects and six subjects with schizophrenia. Results: Although very few methylated CpGs of the MAOA and MAOB genes were detected in male samples, various DNA methylation patterns were present in female samples, and some differences were found in such patterns between normal subjects and subjects with schizophrenia. In the PFC, the average level of methylation of both genes was significantly higher in subjects with schizophrenia than in normal subjects. The content of highly methylated alleles of the MAOA gene in the NAc was significantly associated with schizophrenia, with similar results obtained for the MAOB gene in both the NAc and PFC. Some CpG sites showed higher levels of methylation in schizophrenia than in normal subjects. Conclusions: Levels of methylation were quite high in NAc and PFC in female subjects with schizophrenia compared with those in female normal subjects.展开更多
Currently, levodopa is the most effective and commonly used medication to control motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, its long-term use is associated with adverse effects (AEs). Combination therapy o...Currently, levodopa is the most effective and commonly used medication to control motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, its long-term use is associated with adverse effects (AEs). Combination therapy of a monoamine oxidase type B inhibitor (MAOBI) with levodopa or a catechol-O-methyl transferase inhibitor (COMTI) with levodopa provides benefits to PD patients. Direct comparison of efficacy and side effect profiles is complex. The aim of this study is to investigate the different AE profiles of MAOBI and COMTI combination therapies. Data used to analyze the AEs of different PD medications were retrieved from “The Boston University Medical Center’s Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorder Database”. Ten categories of AEs were compared between patients receiving MAOBI and COMTI combination treatment. In total, 87 subjects were included in the analysis. Out of ten AEs, the presence of dementia was signifi- cantly different between the MAOBI and COMTI groups with an OR of 6.9 (COMTI vs MAOBI, 95% CI 1.3 - 37.0). Motor fluctuations were also found to be differently distributed in the two medication groups with an OR of 3.1 (COMTI vs MAOBI, 95% CI 1.0 - 9.8). In this retrospective database analysis of patients treated with combination treatment for PD, combination therapy of a COMTI with levodopa was more likely to be associated with dementia and motor fluctuations than a MAOBI with levodopa.展开更多
The objective of this review is the determination of tyramine in 13 nonalcoholic beers (Maoshaieer) of Tehran market and survey of it’s probably interaction with monoamine oxidase inhibitor drugs (MAOIs) has been inv...The objective of this review is the determination of tyramine in 13 nonalcoholic beers (Maoshaieer) of Tehran market and survey of it’s probably interaction with monoamine oxidase inhibitor drugs (MAOIs) has been investigated. Tyramine was at the highest levels in Baltika (111.34 ± 8.19 μg/ml) and at the lowest level in Bitmalt (8.01 ± 2.09 μg/ml). Comparing different flavors of malt drinks, the highest tyramine content was shown for classic or normal flavor (average 72.99 ± 30.87 μg/ml), while the lowest value belonged to cantaloupe flavored drinks (average 10.55 ± 1.29 μg/ml). In our study, it is seen that there is a significant difference between import and Iranian non-alcoholic beers, the import ones has more tyramine than Iranians. A number of 10 kinds of 13 samples interact whit MAOIs in one serving (250 ml) usage 18.50 mg. The highest tyramine content of Iranian ones is 17.74 mg/250ml and for import ones is 27.83 mg/250ml.展开更多
文摘Type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors,encompassing selegiline,rasagiline,and safinamide,are available to treat Parkinson's disease.These drugs ameliorate motor symptoms and improve motor fluctuation in the advanced stages of the disease.There is also evidence suppo rting the benefit of type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors on non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease,such as mood deflection,cognitive impairment,sleep disturbances,and fatigue.Preclinical studies indicate that type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors hold a strong neuroprotective potential in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases for reducing oxidative stress and stimulating the production and release of neurotrophic factors,particularly glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor,which suppo rt dopaminergic neurons.Besides,safinamide may interfere with neurodegenerative mechanisms,countera cting excessive glutamate overdrive in basal ganglia motor circuit and reducing death from excitotoxicity.Due to the dual mechanism of action,the new generation of type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors,including safinamide,is gaining interest in other neurological pathologies,and many supporting preclinical studies are now available.The potential fields of application concern epilepsy,Duchenne muscular dystrophy,multiple scle rosis,and above all,ischemic brain injury.The purpose of this review is to investigate the preclinical and clinical pharmacology of selegiline,rasagiline,and safinamide in Parkinson's disease and beyond,focusing on possible future therapeutic applications.
文摘Objective: In the manuscript titled Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitor Rasagiline Effects on Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms in Individuals with Parkinsons Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, the objective was to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to investigate the effects that Rasagiline has on motor and non-motor symptoms in individuals with PD. Introduction: Rasagiline is a second-generation monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitor used both as monotherapy and adjunctive therapy for Parkinsons Disease (PD). Methods: A systematic literature search and meta-analysis were performed with randomized control trials that investigated the effects of Rasagiline on motor and non-motor symptoms in individuals with PD. The systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, and EBSCO databases. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Grading Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Results: Fourteen studies were included in our review. There were trivial to small and statistically significant improvements in motor symptoms for individuals with PD treated with Rasagiline compared to placebo. Non-motor symptoms showed no significant improvement with Rasagiline compared to placebo in five of six meta-analyses. Results were based on very low to moderate certainty of evidence. Conclusion: 1 mg/day Rasagiline significantly improved Parkinsonian motor symptoms in individuals with PD compared with placebo. For all outcomes, the 1 mg/day Rasagiline group was favored over the placebo group.
文摘Ayurveda is a renowned traditional medicine practiced in India from ancient times and Clitoria ternatea is one such prospective medicinal herb incorporated as an essential constituent in a brain tonic called as medhya rasayan for treating neurological disorders.This work emphasises the significance of the plant as a brain drug there by upholding Indian medicine.The phytochemicals from the root extract were extricated using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry assay and molecular docking against the protein Monoamine oxidase was performed with four potential compounds along with four reference compounds of the plant.This persuades the prospect of C.ternatea as a remedy for neurodegenerative diseases and depression.The in silico assay enumerates that a major compound(Z)-9,17-octadecadienal obtained from the chromatogram with a elevated retention time of 32.99 furnished a minimum binding affinity energy value of-6.5 kcal/mol against monoamine oxidase(MAO-A).The interactions with the amino acid residues ALA 68,TYR 60 and TYR 69 were analogous to the reference compound kaempferol-3-monoglucoside with a least score of-13.90/-12.95 kcal/mol against the isoforms(MAO)A and B.This study fortifies the phytocompounds of C.ternatea as MAO-inhibitors and to acquire a pharmaceutical approach in rejuvenating Ayurvedic medicine.
基金the project sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars Fund,Zhejiang Province(No.Z01105002)Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars Fund.
文摘Monoamine oxidase is flavoenzymes, widely distributed in mammals. It is well recognized that MAOs serve an important role in metabolism that they have close relationship with health .Along with the discoveries between MAOs and neurotic disease, more and more studies have been jumped in .In this paper, we design a new probe for assaying the activities of MAOs. The results showed that the probe [7-（3-aminopropoxy）coumarin] is simple, effective and sensitive for MAOB.
文摘The expected growth of the elderly population at highest risk for Parkinson’s disease(PD)in the next decades makes the identification of factors that promote or prevent the disease an important goal.In addition,new therapies-aiming to delay the progression of PD are also needed(Prediger,2010).However,there have been few clinical trials designed to investigate neuroprotection.Thus the application of an appropriate in vitro model such as the neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line is extremely helpful.These cells were selected due to its human origin,catecholaminergic neuronal properties,and ease of maintenance(Xicoy et al.,2017).
文摘Aims: We focused on DNA methylation of the promoter regions of the Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) A and B genes from postmortem brains of subjects with schizophrenia. Methods: We determined levels of DNA methylation using genomic DNA samples purified from four brain areas: prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus, occipital cortex and nucleus accumbens (NAc), by a bisulfite sequencing method from seven normal subjects and six subjects with schizophrenia. Results: Although very few methylated CpGs of the MAOA and MAOB genes were detected in male samples, various DNA methylation patterns were present in female samples, and some differences were found in such patterns between normal subjects and subjects with schizophrenia. In the PFC, the average level of methylation of both genes was significantly higher in subjects with schizophrenia than in normal subjects. The content of highly methylated alleles of the MAOA gene in the NAc was significantly associated with schizophrenia, with similar results obtained for the MAOB gene in both the NAc and PFC. Some CpG sites showed higher levels of methylation in schizophrenia than in normal subjects. Conclusions: Levels of methylation were quite high in NAc and PFC in female subjects with schizophrenia compared with those in female normal subjects.
文摘Currently, levodopa is the most effective and commonly used medication to control motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, its long-term use is associated with adverse effects (AEs). Combination therapy of a monoamine oxidase type B inhibitor (MAOBI) with levodopa or a catechol-O-methyl transferase inhibitor (COMTI) with levodopa provides benefits to PD patients. Direct comparison of efficacy and side effect profiles is complex. The aim of this study is to investigate the different AE profiles of MAOBI and COMTI combination therapies. Data used to analyze the AEs of different PD medications were retrieved from “The Boston University Medical Center’s Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorder Database”. Ten categories of AEs were compared between patients receiving MAOBI and COMTI combination treatment. In total, 87 subjects were included in the analysis. Out of ten AEs, the presence of dementia was signifi- cantly different between the MAOBI and COMTI groups with an OR of 6.9 (COMTI vs MAOBI, 95% CI 1.3 - 37.0). Motor fluctuations were also found to be differently distributed in the two medication groups with an OR of 3.1 (COMTI vs MAOBI, 95% CI 1.0 - 9.8). In this retrospective database analysis of patients treated with combination treatment for PD, combination therapy of a COMTI with levodopa was more likely to be associated with dementia and motor fluctuations than a MAOBI with levodopa.
文摘The objective of this review is the determination of tyramine in 13 nonalcoholic beers (Maoshaieer) of Tehran market and survey of it’s probably interaction with monoamine oxidase inhibitor drugs (MAOIs) has been investigated. Tyramine was at the highest levels in Baltika (111.34 ± 8.19 μg/ml) and at the lowest level in Bitmalt (8.01 ± 2.09 μg/ml). Comparing different flavors of malt drinks, the highest tyramine content was shown for classic or normal flavor (average 72.99 ± 30.87 μg/ml), while the lowest value belonged to cantaloupe flavored drinks (average 10.55 ± 1.29 μg/ml). In our study, it is seen that there is a significant difference between import and Iranian non-alcoholic beers, the import ones has more tyramine than Iranians. A number of 10 kinds of 13 samples interact whit MAOIs in one serving (250 ml) usage 18.50 mg. The highest tyramine content of Iranian ones is 17.74 mg/250ml and for import ones is 27.83 mg/250ml.
文摘目的:观察β-淀粉样蛋白1-40(Aβ1-40)大鼠海马双侧注射后大脑组织突触素(synaptophysin,SYP)表达和单胺氧化酶(monoamine oxidase,MAO)活性的变化及加减地黄饮子的干预作用。方法:采用大鼠海马立体定向注射凝聚态Aβ1-40诱导老年性痴呆(Alzheimer s disease,AD)动物模型。采用免疫印迹(western blotting)方法检测大脑组织SYP的表达,通过紫外分光光度法检测大鼠大脑组织MAO的活性。结果:模型组大鼠大脑组织SYP蛋白表达相对值(0.508±0.187)较假手术组(0.915±0.069,P<0.05)明显降低,而加减地黄饮子(0.833±0.077,P<0.05)可上调SYP的表达。模型组大鼠脑组织MAO活性(7.88±0.76U/h/mg/prot)较空白对照组(5.17±0.33U/h/mg/prot,P<0.05)明显升高,而这种升高可被加减地黄饮子(7.04±0.72U/h/mg/prot)抑制。结论:加减地黄饮子通过上调SYP蛋白的表达和抑制MAO活性而发挥保护Aβ对大鼠脑神经细胞的损伤。
