Investigation of SkyCabs Monorail System in Urban Regions

The increased popularity of the private vehicle and the low budgets available to public-transport (PT) planners have meant that PT patronage has decreased significantly from what it once was. This has led to congestion and pollution problems in many cities around the world. It is thus apparent that a new, high quality and sustainable PT system is needed to open the opportunity to attract more people to use PT. This work describes such a system called SkyCabs. The SkyCabs concept is comprised of many lightweight, driverless cabs running two ways on a single elevated monobeam. With each cab seating up to eight people, the aim is to create a feeling of personal travel, and by doing so increase the level of patronage on PT services. The SkyCabs system is investigated based on the following three criteria: a comparative analysis which involves researching and comparing system characteristics, a computer simulation analysing operational feasibility and an economic analysis which involves calculating and comparing the benefit-cost ratios for each mode analysed. A background section has been included to provide information on existing PT modes which have been compared to SkyCabs throughout this work. The SkyCabs concept has been deemed feasible within an urban context such as the North Shore of Auckland, New Zealand. This finding is based on a comparison with other options investigated and it is due to SkyCabs favourable characteristics, the high level of service offered and the low cost of implementation relative to return benefits.

Design and dynamic analysis of the micro-suspended monorail

A 20 degree of the freedom model of the micro-suspended monorail is established to analyze a new type of the vehicle system named micro-suspended monorail.The formula of the tire is established by using the magic formula.Through the modal analysis of the vehicle,the modes of the vehicle are obtained,and resonance has little effect on the vehicle.When the vehicle moves in a right turn curve,it yaws in the clockwise direction.Under the action of the guidewheel(stable wheel)force,the front bogie yaws clockwise but the rear one yaws counterclockwise.Moreover,the two bogies and the car body roll during the curve passing process of the vehicle.When the vehicle speed is high enough,the left drive wheel will derail and the anti-overturning moments are provided by the stable wheels.Then,the car body yaws in the counterclockwise direction when it moves out of the curve.In the simulation of the vehicle passing the curve,the clearance between the guide wheel and rail surface will lead to a fatal impact on the bogie.At the same time,the dynamic response of the vehicle under the crosswind is tested.The vehicle will not overturn due to the crosswind.Finally,the collision of adjacent vehicles is analyzed.The results show that there is an intermittent collision force between two vehicles due to the vehicle's non synchronous pitch motion.

Dynamic Performance of Straddle Monorail Curved Girder Bridge

In this work,a monorail vehicle-bridge coupling(VBC)model capable of accurately considering curve alignment and superelevation is established based on curvilinear moving coordinate system,to study the VBC vibration of straddlemonorail curved girder bridge and the relevant factors influencing VBC.While taking Chongqing Jiao Xin line as an example,the VBC program is compiled using Fortran,where the reliability of algorithm and program is verified by the results of Chongqing monorail test.Moreover,the effects of curve radius,vehicle speed,and track irregularity on the corresponding vehicle and bridge vibrations are compared and analyzed.It is observed that the test results of lateral vibration acceleration(LVA)and vertical vibration acceleration(VVA)of track beam,and LVA of vehicle,are consistent with the simulation results.Owing to the track irregularity,vibration of track beam and vehicle increases significantly.Besides,an increase in vehicle speed gradually increases the vibration of track beam and vehicle.For the curve radius(R)≤200 m,lateral and vertical vibrations of the track beam and vehicle decrease significantly with an increasing curve radius.Alternatively,when 200 m<R<600 m,the lateral vibration of the track beamand vehicle decreases slowly with an increasing curve radius,while the relevant vertical vibration remains stable.Similarly,when R≥600 m,the lateral and vertical vibrations of the track beam and vehicle tend to be stable.Accordingly,the results presented here can provide a strong reference for the design,construction,and safety assessment of existing bridges.

Vibration Behavior of the Ground and Houses Caused by Monorail Traffic

The vibration behavior of the ground and houses caused by monorail traffic is discussed in this paper. The environmental ground vibration problem discussed herein occurs in a residential area near a monorail used for public transportation, Vibrations were measured on the ground at the side of monorail piers lacing the residential area and within the affected houses. Results indicate that the vibration level in the house was 60 dB or more, a level high enough to warrant complaints, Peculiar geological and geographical features are thought to contribute to the amplification of low frequency （-10 Hz） ground vibrations to irritable levels in these homes even though a distance of≥30 m separates the residential area and the monorail.

Predictive Value of Resting Pd/Pa for Fractional Flow Reserve Assessed with Monorail Pressure Microcatheter in Real-World Practice

Background and Objectives:The aims of this study were(1)to examine the diagnostic accuracy of resting timeaveraged distal coronary pressure(Pd)to mean aortic pressure(Pa)ratio to predict hyperemic fractional flow reserve(FFR)and(2)to identify a resting Pd/Pa value that can preclude the need for hyperemic FFR assessed with use of a monorail pressure catheter.Methods:A total of 191 stenoses were assessed.After exclusions,157 FFR data sets from 103 patients were analyzed.Results:Resting Pd/Pa showed poor agreement with hyperemic FFR(r=0.619,P<0.001).The receiver operating characteristic curve for resting Pd/Pa with reference to hyperemic FFR of 0.80 or less showed an area under the curve of 0.800(95%confi dence interval 0.732– 0.868,P<0.001),with the greatest diagnostic accuracy of 74.5%for resting Pd/Pa of less than 0.85.Resting Pd/Pa of 0.96 or greater had a sensitivity of 100%and a negative predictive value of 100%,and resting Pd/Pa of 0.82 or less had a specifi city of 98.9%and a positive predictive value of 94.1%to predict abnormal FFR of 0.80 or less.These results were consistent regardless of the vessels studied,the location of lesions,and the severity of stenosis.Conclusions:Resting Pd/Pa showed poor agreement with hyperemic FFR assessed with use of a monorail pressure microcatheter.However,resting Pd/Pa of 0.96 or greater had excellent sensitivity and negative predictive value to predict normal hyperemic FFR,and resting Pd/Pa of 0.82 or less had excellent specifi city and positive predictive value to predict abnormal hyperemic FFR.

Investigation of SkyCabs Monorail System in Urban Regions

The increased popularity of the private vehicle and the low budgets available to public-transport (PT) planners has meant that PT patronage has decreased significantly from what it once was. This has led to congestion and pollution problems in many cities around the world. It is thus apparent that new, high quality and sustainable PT system is needed to open the opportunity to attract more people to use PT. This work describes such a system called SkyCabs. The SkyCabs concept is comprised of many, lightweight, driverless cabs running two ways on a single elevated monobeam. With each cab seating up to eight people, the aim is to create a feeling of personal travel, and in doing so increase the level of patronage on PT services. The SkyCabs system is investigated based on the following three criteria;a comparative analysis which involves researching and comparing system characteristics, a computer simulation analysing operational feasibility and an economic analysis which involves calculating and comparing the benefit-cost ratios for each mode analysed. A background section has been included to provide information on existing PT modes which have been compared to SkyCabs throughout this work. The SkyCabs concept has been deemed feasible within an urban context such as the North Shore of Auckland, New Zealand. This finding is based on a comparison with other options investigated and it is due to SkyCabs favourable characteristics, the high level of service offered and the low cost of implementation relative to return benefits.

Study on the Style of Urban Development as a Center of Kitakyushu Monorail —About the User Actual Situation and the Demographic around the Station

The ageing of the population in Japan has become a problem. According to the research of different regions, where the ratio of the ageing population is above 25%, it is found that the Japanese society is gradually turned to hyper-aged society. The population along Kitakyushu monorail is also in such a situation. This study is based on the background, with excessive reliance on their own vehicles and public transport problems arising from the abolition of public transportation in Kitakyushu as the area of this study. Under the full consideration of people who can’t drive, the elderly who had to take buses as well as people who lack of transport ability where population decrease and the aging problem have been worsening, their surrounding environment should be further improved. In addition, it should be taken into consideration to increase the population in the walking distance around the stations.

矿用单轨吊气动道岔的结构设计与研究

我国煤炭现代化高速发展,生产规模也日益增大,所需设备的自动化、机械化程度也越来越高,但使用的辅助运输系统却十分落后。为了克服上述困扰,提出了一种带有气动道岔的单轨吊辅助运输设备,能够克服卡轨车运输条件的限制,使得多条巷道能够连通使用。这种设备在多弯道、多起伏的巷道中具有较高的灵活性和适应性,对于优化运输环境、提升运输效率、确保运输安全具有重大的实际价值。其结构设计包含道岔部分,其中道岔部分主要由道岔直轨、弯轨和气缸构成。首先通过SOLIDWORKS进行三维建模,再通过ANSYS WORKBENCH对轨道部分进行有限元静力学分析,可以直观的呈现出轨道受力变形情况。

走行轮失效对单轨车辆安全性及平稳性的影响

单轨车辆走行轮为充气橡胶轮胎,容易因磨耗、穿刺而失气、漏气,导致走行轮失效。走行轮失效对车辆运行安全性及平稳性有重大影响,本文在单轨车辆走行轮动力学模型上进行走行轮失效处理,研究走行轮失效对单轨车辆运行安全性和平稳性的影响。研究结果表明:空载和满载工况任一走行轮失效以(5~30)km/h速度行驶在半径100m左转弯道时,轮轨力均大于正常行驶工况,运行安全性差;同侧走行轮失效时对运行安全性的规律相同,左侧走形轮失效工况最恶劣;横向平稳性等级合格,垂向平稳性部分合格,建议以10km/h的速度行驶到维修中心。

基于虚拟迭代法的跨座式单轨车辆车体疲劳分析

跨座式单轨车辆的车体作为列车的主要承载部件,其疲劳强度对列车的安全运行起着至关重要的作用。为提高单轨车体疲劳分析精度,模拟出单轨车辆运营实践中车体的疲劳损伤,对单轨车辆车体进行柔性化处理,建立包含柔性车体的跨座式车辆刚柔耦合动力学模型,采用虚拟迭代法,在车辆特征部位施加白噪声作为初始输入激励,以跨座式单轨车辆线路实测加速度为目标信号,对车辆模型仿真响应谱与试验实测响应谱进行系统识别与反复迭代,获取车体与车辆其他部件连接位置处激励谱。基于虚拟迭代激励谱获取高精度载荷谱,根据线性疲劳损伤理论对跨座式单轨车辆车体开展疲劳损伤与寿命分析,提出车体结构改进方案。分析结果显示:疲劳仿真结果与车体实际损伤位置具有良好的一致性,验证了采用虚拟迭代法获取的车体载荷谱开展的疲劳分析结果具有高精度;结构改进方案使车体结构改进位置处寿命提高了191%。

基于拉格朗日功能平衡法的单轨吊失速保护器触发理论分析

通过假设分步法从机器人学的角度对单轨吊机车失速保护器触发装置进行运动学分析,并对点位进行了详细描述。采用拉格朗日功能平衡法对失速保护器触发机构中的滑动轴位移状况建立了完整的动力学数学模型,通过该模型可以描述在运动过程中的滑动轴位移与运行速度、各部件参数之间的关系。借助Adams软件构建虚拟样机模型进行动力学仿真分析,得出所需的速度-位移仿真结果图。分析结果表明,滑动轴的位移与运行速度有关,当运行速度到达所设定临界值2 m/s时,滑动轴能够伸出足够长度以满足失速保护工作要求,符合数学模型的预期计算。

跨座式单轨列车与地铁列车通过高架线路时辐射噪声特性对比试验

[目的]城市轨道交通的辐射噪声对环境影响较大,当前针对地铁列车辐射噪声的研究不能直接指导跨座式单轨列车的外部噪声控制,因此有必要进一步研究跨座式单轨列车的辐射噪声特性。[方法]将重庆轨道交通1号线作为地铁列车辐射噪声试验对象,将重庆轨道交通3号线作为跨座式单轨列车辐射噪声试验研究对象,采用试验的方法研究了跨座式单轨列车和地铁列车运行过程中的辐射噪声声压级;选取与轨道梁中心距离分别为7.5 m、10.0 m、20.0 m处的测点进行研究,对比分析了不同工况下,跨座式单轨列车和地铁列车各测点的声压级。[结果及结论]跨座式单轨列车在直线路段的平均最大辐射噪声声压级整体大于曲线路段,且其随着测点与轨道梁中心距离的增加而逐渐减小。直线路段和曲线路段工况下,跨座式单轨列车的平均最大辐射噪声声压级比地铁列车的平均最大辐射噪声声压级小4~10 dB(A)。

跨座式单轨在旅游轨道交通中的适用性分析

随着社会经济的发展、生活水平的提高和生活观念的改变,人民对旅游的向往促进了我国旅游业蓬勃发展。为满足游客对旅游品质提出的更高要求,旅游与轨道相结合的出行方式应运而生。目前旅游轨道交通属于新兴且相对热门的事物,但并无相应的分类、设计、施工、验收标准,急需明确适合不同旅游资源的轨道交通制式,供建设单位选择和参考。通过对旅游景区分类、旅游景区对轨道交通需求、适合旅游的轨道交通制式分析,并重点对跨座式单轨系统在旅游轨道交通的适应性进行研究,得出跨座式单轨拥有的与环境融合的车辆外观、适合旅游客流特征的运输能力、灵活的车辆编组、轻盈的轨道梁桥结构形式、超强的地形适应能力、优异的环保性能,再加上满足投资人要求的工程建设成本,使其成为非常适合旅游轨道交通的一种系统制式。最后通过分析跨座式单轨作为旅游轨道交通与城市轨道交通的不同,提出跨座式单轨作为旅游轨道交通今后应在新型车辆研制、与旅游单轨运营需求匹配的设备配置、系统集成、旅游轨道交通技术标准制定等方面开展研究,为今后旅游跨座式单轨交通的推广和落地提供参考。

CFRP-钢箱混凝土变截面新型跨座式轨道梁设计优化

为满足新型跨座式单轨系统需求,提出一种碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)-钢箱混凝土组合轨道梁形式。通过数值模拟试验,探究钢箱上室混凝土厚度对荷载作用下的钢箱混凝土轨道梁跨中顶面、底面、上室混凝土最大应力及竖向挠度的影响,得出钢箱上室混凝土的适宜厚度;在此基础上考虑运行维护阶段轨道梁抗弯性能需求,通过梁底粘贴预应力CFRP提高其抗弯性能,经分析得出钢箱混凝土变截面组合轨道梁跨中竖向挠度随梁底粘贴CFRP长度的变化趋势并给出CFRP-钢箱混凝土轨道梁的设计建议。研究结果表明:该CFRP-钢箱混凝土变截面新型跨座式单轨轨道梁抗弯性能良好,可满足实际工程需要。

悬挂式单轨交通车辆基地站场设计关键技术研究

[目的]悬挂式单轨交通车辆基地的总平面布局形式直接影响列车作业及工程造价。道岔选型对车辆基地站场总平面布局影响较大,运用库单线列位数的选择也将直接影响道岔数量及段场规模,因此需对悬挂式单轨交通车辆基地站场设计的关键技术进行深入研究。[方法]依托武汉光谷生态大走廊悬挂式单轨交通工程的龙泉山车辆段,阐述了该车辆段的总平面布局形式及创新点,分析了该车辆段道岔选型及场坪标高的制定方法,建立了理想条件下车辆段运用库单线列位数模型。[结果及结论]悬挂式单轨交通车辆基地总平面布置宜采用贯通式洗车方案,将洗车库放在出入线上;咽喉设计时,需同时考虑桥墩布置的美观性;需联合道岔厂家加快对三开道岔及五开道岔的研发,并合理选用不同道岔组合以更进一步节省投资;在不考虑其他作业干扰的理想条件下,悬挂式单轨交通车辆基地运用库最多可采用1线5列位,实际设计过程中需结合车辆基地条件、综合考虑列车出库的便捷性、扣除其他作业干扰等因素选择合适的运用库单线列位数。

新型煤矿单轨吊H型钢-轨道连接子结构受力性能研究

煤矿单轨吊辅助运输是保证矿井可持续发展和提高煤炭运输效率的关键性设备。根据不完全的数据统计,每年我国煤炭需运输约200亿t的物资和设备,其中有四分之一以上是依靠单轨吊的辅助运输进行的,但每年总会出现吊车倾覆、悬挂点断裂等事故。不断改进对单轨吊轨道的悬挂形式,以改善其安装质量,这对于矿井单轨吊辅助运输设备有着十分重要的作用。基于此,介绍了一种新型煤矿单轨吊H型钢梁-轨道连接的悬挂形式,并对节点子结构的实体单元进行了有限元分析,以此来研究其受力性能。

悬挂式单轨车辆的倒T形辙叉道岔通过性能

[目的]悬挂式单轨交通系统具有良好的发展前景,对于其车辆过道岔的动力学性能研究目前较少,需对此进行研究。[方法]采用UM(多体动力学)软件建立车辆动力学模型,以车体最大振动加速度、走行轮最大垂向力、导向轮及稳定轮最大垂向力、车体及悬吊梁最大侧滚角为主要评价指标,针对应用于悬挂式单轨交通系统的倒T形辙叉道岔,进行悬挂式单轨车辆道岔通过性能研究。[结果及结论]倒T形辙叉道岔结构的导向轨面不平顺较大,悬挂式单轨车辆在通过曲线道岔时,很难保证导向轮的导向力不超过安全限值。针对此问题提出了一种导向轨面补偿装置。应用此导向轨面补偿装置后,悬挂式单轨车辆可以以15 km/h的速度安全通过半径为50 m的倒T形辙叉道岔,动力学性能有明显改善。

煤矿井下单轨吊无人驾驶目标识别算法与轨道接缝检测方法

单轨吊作为煤矿井下辅助运输的重要设备形式之一,具有运载能力大、爬坡能力强等优点,在煤矿智能化建设背景下无人驾驶是其必然的发展方向。为确保无人驾驶单轨吊在井下巷道内的安全行驶,对轨道接缝和关键目标的可靠检测尤为重要,从提高单轨吊无人驾驶安全通过性出发,对单轨吊无人驾驶目标识别算法与轨道接缝检测方法两大主要方面展开了研究。首先,对矿井图片数据集进行了增强处理,提高了其多样性;提出了一种加入改进通道注意力机制ECA_s和EIOU回归损失函数的YOLOv5算法,并对改进后的YOLOv5算法进行试验分析,结果表明,采用改进后的YOLOv5算法,识别准确率提高了9.1%,mAP提升了3.6%。其次,建立了基于机器视觉的单轨吊轨道接缝检测方法,采用图像预处理、直方图信息统计、形态学处理等技术,根据标定系数计算轨道接缝距离,结果表明,基于机器视觉的轨道接缝检测算法处理一张接缝图像的检测误差仅为0.3 mm。最后,开展了单轨吊无人驾驶目标检测试验,结果表明,改进后的YOLOv5目标检测算法平均精度达到90.3%,具有更高的检测准确率;单轨吊轨道接缝检测算法处理接缝图像的平均检测误差为0.73 mm、最大检测误差不超过1.1 mm,具有更高的检测精度。为保障煤矿井下单轨吊无人驾驶安全通过性和可靠性,提供了务实可行的检测方案和精确可靠的检测算法。

基于车体接地电流的故障列车精准识别方法

针对专用回流轨直流牵引供电系统发生正极与车体短路故障时,故障列车不能被精准识别的问题,首先给出了双边供电牵引系统等值模型,其次分析了故障列车和正常列车的车体接地电流特征差异,最后提出了一种基于车体接地电流的故障列车精准识别方法。所提方法采用列车的车体接地电流幅值和方向作为故障识别判据,当其幅值小于整定值时判断列车正常,当大于等于整定值时继而采用其方向进行判断,电流为正方向的列车被判为故障车,电流为反方向的列车被判为正常车。该方法原理简单,实现方便,实用性强,采用双重判据能有效避免误判,可靠性高。通过Matlab仿真和现场试验录波验证了方法的可行性和有效性。

单轨式运输机牵引鞍座随机振动与疲劳寿命分析

近年来,我国成熟单轨式运输机普遍采用铰接于轨道的工作模式,存在无法随时拆卸、使用地点受限的问题。为明确优化后牵引鞍座对轻量化自走输运车作业适用性及疲劳寿命,开展牵引鞍座随机振动疲劳寿命仿真分析试验。以单轨式运输机牵引鞍座为研究对象,建立实际工况下的等效有限元模型并进行模态分析,利用振型叠加法描述随机振动下牵引鞍座结构的RMises应力响应分布,保证模型的合理性。采用GB/T 21563—2018标准中的加速度功率谱作为激励载荷,根据频域随机疲劳理论,应用有限元分析软件ANSYS Fatigue Tool模块分析牵引鞍座在随机振动下的疲劳寿命,评估牵引鞍座的振动疲劳特性。试验结果表明,单轨式运输机牵引鞍座的随机振动疲劳寿命约为35863.5 h,为后续研制、优化丘陵山地输运通用装载装置提供一定理论基础。