Science Letters:The Moore’s Law for photonic integrated circuits

We formulate a “Moore’s law” for photonic integrated circuits (PICs) and their spatial integration density using two methods. One is decomposing the integrated photonics devices of diverse types into equivalent basic elements, which makes a comparison with the generic elements of electronic integrated circuits more meaningful. The other is making a complex compo- nent equivalent to a series of basic elements of the same functionality, which is used to calculate the integration density for func- tional components realized with different structures. The results serve as a benchmark of the evolution of PICs and we can con- clude that the density of integration measured in this way roughly increases by a factor of 2 per year. The prospects for a continued increase of spatial integration density are discussed.

Atomic level deposition to extend Moore’s law and beyond

In the past decades,Moore’s law drives the semiconductor industry to continuously shrink the critical size of transistors down to 7 nm.As transistors further downscaling to smaller sizes,the law reaches its limitation,and the increase of transistors density on the chip decelerates.Up to now,extreme ultraviolet lithography has been used in some key steps,and it is facing alignment precision and high costs for high-volume manufacturing.Meanwhile,the introduction of new materials and 3D complex structures brings serious challenges for top-down methods.Thus,bottom-up schemes are believed to be necessary methods combined with the top-down processes.In this article,atomic level deposition methods are reviewed and categorized to extend Moore’s law and beyond.Firstly,the deposition brings lateral angstrom resolution to the vertical direction as well as top-down etching,such as double patterning,transfer of nanowires,deposition of nanotubes,and so on.Secondly,various template-assisted selective deposition methods including dielectric templates,inhibitors and correction steps have been utilized for the alignment of 3D complex structures.Higher resolution can be achieved by inherently selective deposition,and the underlying selective mechanism is discussed.Finally,the requirements for higher precision and efficiency manufacturing are also discussed,including the equipment,integration processes,scale-up issues,etc.The article reviews low dimensional manufacturing and integration of 3D complex structures for the extension of Moore’s law in semiconductor fields,and emerging fields including but not limited to energy,catalysis,sensor and biomedicals.

New Approach to Deep Miniaturization: A Way to Overcoming Moore’s Law

The matter about some far-going consequences commencing from the replacement of one of the basic principles of the traditional physics that is the principle of locality, with the recently put forward principle of boundedness is considered. It is proven that the thermodynamic theory which is explicitly grounded on the principle of locality, suffers inherent contradiction which roots lay down to the principle of locality. The way to overcome it goes via the replacement of the principle of locality with the recently put forward by the author principle of boundedness. In turn, the latter gives rise not only to a fundamentally novel notion for a number of ideas but also it yields replacement of the proportionality between the software and hardware components with a new non-extensive approach to the matter. It is proven that the famous Moore’s law stands in new reading both in its support and the way to overcome its limitations. Apart from its role for the technical applications, the present considerations stand also as a methodological example how the role of the basics of any theory affects practical rules such as the Moore’s law.

G-Phenomena as a Base of Scalable Distributed Computing—G-Phenomena in Moore’s Law

Today we witness the exponential growth of scientific research. This fast growth is possible thanks to the rapid development of computing systems since its first days in 1947 and the invention of transistor till the present days with high performance and scalable distributed computing systems. This fast growth of computing systems was first observed by Gordon E. Moore in 1965 and postulated as Moore’s Law. For the development of the scalable distributed computing systems, the year 2000 was a very special year. The first GHz speed processor, GB size memory and GB/s data transmission through network were achieved. Interestingly, in the same year the usable Grid computing systems emerged, which gave a strong impulse to a rapid development of distributed computing systems. This paper recognizes these facts that occurred in the year 2000, as the G-phenomena, a millennium cornerstone for the rapid development of scalable distributed systems evolved around the Grid and Cloud computing paradigms.

Micro/Nano-Satellites: Opportunities and Challenges

At an accelerating development pace, Hicro-Nano Satellite technology has become one of the most ac- tive research topics in the current aerospace field. Its applications have been extended from engineering education and technology demonstration into various other fields, such as communication, remote sensing, navigation and scientific experiments just to name a few, In this paper issues raised on Micro/Nano-Satellites in recent news are reviewed and the opportunities and challenges confronting Micro/Nano-Satellites are analyzed. Then the Plicro/nano-Satellites of Na- tional University of Defense Technology, （NUDT） are briefly introduced. Finally, some suggestions on the development of Micro/Nano-Satellites in the future are proposed.

The Future of Quantum Computer Advantage

As technological innovations in computers begin to advance past their limit (Moore’s law), a new problem arises: What computational device would emerge after the classical supercomputers reach their physical limitations? At this moment in time, quantum computers are at their starting stage and there are already some strengths and advantages when compared with modern, classical computers. In its testing period, there are a variety of ways to create a quantum computer by processes such as the trapped-ion and the spin-dot methods. Nowadays, there are many drawbacks with quantum computers such as issues with decoherence and scalability, but many of these issues are easily emended. Nevertheless, the benefits of quantum computers at the moment outweigh the potential drawbacks. These benefits include its use of many properties of quantum mechanics such as quantum superposition, entanglement, and parallelism. Using these basic properties of quantum mechanics, quantum computers are capable of achieving faster computational times for certain problems such as finding prime factors of an integer by using Shor’s algorithm. From the advantages such as faster computing times in certain situations and higher computing powers than classical computers, quantum computers have a high probability to be the future of computing after classical computers hit their peak.

Review of advanced CMOS technology for post-Moore era

The continuous downsizing of device has sustained Moore's law in the past 40 years.As the power dissipation becomes more and more serious,a lot of emerging technologies have been adopted in the past decade to solve the short channel effect,leakage and performance degradation problems.In this paper,the emerging scaling technologies and device innovations,including high-k/metal gate,strain,ultra-shallow junction,tri-gate FinFET,extremely thin SOI and silicon nanowire FET will be reviewed and discussed in terms of the potential and challenge for post-Moore era.