Complex Magnetic Anomalous Chaotic Inversion

In the complex magnetic anomalies under undulating terrain, multiple source superposition and significant noise conditions, the “noise avoidance inversion” depends on three experiments. The displacement experiment accurately solves the prediction problem of the form of the target magnetic source, finds the matching relationship with the maximum thickness of the target magnetic source, and the noise change experiment demonstrates the reliability of the noise avoidance inversion. It can be seen that “noise avoidance inversion” creates a “chaotic image back to true” inversion route for complex magnetic anomalies. Noise avoidance inversion of multi-source superimposed complex magnetic anomalies in Erhai Lake is an example.

Identification of five Pampus species from the coast of China based on sagittal otolith morphology analysis

Sagittal otoliths morphology were compared to identify five Pampus species of the Chinese coast（Chinese pomfret Pampus chinensis, grey pomfret P. cinereus, southern lesser pomfret P. minor, plumage pomfret P.punctatissmus, and Pampus sp.）. Otoliths demonstrated species-specific characteristics with noticeable differences in overall shape, margin and anterior region among species. With species divergence, otoliths get thinner following further developed rostrum and anti-rostrum. Interspecies variation in otolith could associate with experienced different temperature and water column. The discriminant analysis presented a high classification accuracy of 96.6%, which confirms the inter-specific distinction of otolith shape and enable the species identification.

The coexistence of seven sympatric fulvettas in Ailao Mountains,Ejia Town,Yunnan Province

The coexistence of ecologically similar species sharing sympatric areas is a central issue of community ecology. Niche differentiation is required at least in one dimension to avoid competitive exclusion. From 2012-2014, by adopting the methods of mist-nets and point counts to evaluate spatial niche partitioning and morphological differentiations, we explored the coexistence mechanisms of seven sympatric fulvettas in Ailao Mountains, Ejia town, Yunnan Province, China. The microhabitats of these seven fulvettas were significantly different in elevation, roost site height and vegetation coverage, indicating a spatial niche segregation in different levels. Approximately, 90.30% of the samples were correctly classified by linear discriminant analysis（LDA） with correct rates at 91.20%-100%, except the White-browed fulvetta（Alcippe vinipectus）（65.4%） and the Streak-throated fulvetta（A. cinereiceps）（74.6%）. The seven fulvettas were classified into four guilds based on their specific morphological characters, suggesting that the species in each guild use their unique feeding ways to realize resource partitioning in the overlapped areas. These finding indicate that through multi-dimensional spatial niche segregation and divergence in resource utilizing, the interspecific competition among these seven fulvettas is minimized, whereas, coexistence is promoted.