Reliability analysis for aeroengine turbine disc fatigue life with multiple random variables based on distributed collaborative response surface method

The fatigue life of aeroengine turbine disc presents great dispersion due to the randomness of the basic variables,such as applied load,working temperature,geometrical dimensions and material properties.In order to ameliorate reliability analysis efficiency without loss of reliability,the distributed collaborative response surface method(DCRSM) was proposed,and its basic theories were established in this work.Considering the failure dependency among the failure modes,the distributed response surface was constructed to establish the relationship between the failure mode and the relevant random variables.Then,the failure modes were considered as the random variables of system response to obtain the distributed collaborative response surface model based on structure failure criterion.Finally,the given turbine disc structure was employed to illustrate the feasibility and validity of the presented method.Through the comparison of DCRSM,Monte Carlo method(MCM) and the traditional response surface method(RSM),the results show that the computational precision for DCRSM is more consistent with MCM than RSM,while DCRSM needs far less computing time than MCM and RSM under the same simulation conditions.Thus,DCRSM is demonstrated to be a feasible and valid approach for improving the computational efficiency of reliability analysis for aeroengine turbine disc fatigue life with multiple random variables,and has great potential value for the complicated mechanical structure with multi-component and multi-failure mode.

Design and Dynamic Analysis of the Recirculating Planetary Roller Screw Mechanism

The recirculating planetary roller screw mechanism(RPRSM)is a transmission mechanism that engages the screw and nut threaded by multiple grooved rollers.In this paper,frstly,the design method of RPRSM nut threadless area is proposed,and the equations related to the structural parameters of nut threadless area are derived.On this basis,the cross-section design method of roller,screw and nut is constructed according to the actual situation of engagements between the screw/nut and the roller.By adjusting the gap between the two beveled edges and that between the arc and the beveled edge,the accuracy of the thread engagements between the screw/nut and the roller can be improved.Secondly,to ensure the engagements of the screw/nut and the roller,the distance equation from the center surface of the diferent rollers to the end surface of cam ring is given.Thirdly,combined with the working principle and structural composition of RPRSM,the component model is established according to its relevant structural parameters,and the virtual assembly is completed.Finally,the 3D model is imported into the ADAMS simulation software for multi-rigid body dynamics.The dynamic characteristic is analyzed,and the simulated values are compared with the theoretical values.The results show that the contact forces between the screw/nut and the roller are sinusoidal,mainly due to the existence of a small gap between the roller and the carrier.The maximum collision forces between the roller and cam ring are independent from load magnitude.Normally,the collision force between the roller and the carrier increases as the load increases.When RPRSM is in the transmission process,the roller angular speed in nut threadless area begins to appear abruptly,and the position of the maximum change is at the contact between the roller and the convex platform of cam ring.The design of the nut threadless area and the proposed virtual assembly method can provide a theoretical guidance for RPRSM research,as well as a reference for overall performance optimization.

APPLICATION OF STOCHASTIC FINITE ELEMENT METHOD TO STRENGTH AND STABILITY ANALYSIS OF EARTH DAMS

This paper applies the stochastic finite element method to analyse the statistics of stresses in earth dams and assess the safety and reliability of the dams. Formulations of the stochastic finite element method are briefly reviewed and the procedure for assessing dam's strength and stability is described. As an example, a detailed analysis for an actual dam Nululin dam is performed. A practical method for studying built-dams based on the prototype observation data is described.

Stochastic Response Analysis of Piled Offshore Platforms to Earthquake Load

In this paper, using the theory of stochastic analysis of the response to earthquake load, a stochastic analysis method of the response of piled platforms to earthquake load has been established. In the method, the strong ground motion is considered as three dimensional stationary white noise process and the pile-soil interaction and water-structure interaction are considered. The stochastic response of a typical platform to earthquake load has been computed with this method and the results compared with those obtained with the response spectrum analysis method. The comparison shows that the stochastic analysis method of the response of piled platforms to earthquake load is suitable for this kind of analysis.

近断层地震下连续梁桥随机振动与易损性分析

由于桥梁建设场地难免会靠近地震活动断层,为了评定近断层地震动作用下连续梁桥的地震安全性水平以及提高抗震性能,亟待发展连续梁桥非线性随机地震动力响应与易损性分析的统一、准确方法。考虑到近断层地震动是典型的随机过程激励,本文提出了基于直接概率积分法的连续梁桥结构非线性随机振动响应与地震易损性准确、通用分析的新框架。发展直接概率积分法,准确高效地计算连续梁桥结构的随机振动响应;结合连续梁桥多种失效状态,根据动力可靠度的首次超越破坏准则,利用直接概率积分法对连续梁桥进行了地震易损性分析。最后,展示了近断层随机地震动激励作用下四跨非线性连续梁桥算例结果,验证了直接概率积分法的准确性特点。比较了近断层脉冲型和无脉冲地震动对非线性连续梁桥地震易损性曲线的影响。结果表明:近断层地震动的速度脉冲显著加剧了连续梁桥结构受到的地震破坏,增大了桥梁结构进入不同破坏状态的超越概率。

基于极值响应的某翻转输药机构运动精度非概率可靠性分析

翻转输药机构是弹药自动装填系统的重要组成部分,其运动精度可靠性对于确保发射药输送动作的顺利执行至关重要。现有的机构运动精度可靠性研究主要基于输入参数的概率模型,需要通过大量实验样本数据来确定参数的概率分布函数,这对于很多工程实际问题而言成本极高甚至无法实现。然而,将输入变量考虑成非概率区间模型在一定程度上可以规避上述难点,区间模型不要求输入变量,有详细的样本特征,只需要确定输入变量的不确定幅度或者界限,这相对于确定变量的概率分布较为容易。在此基础上,针对机构运动精度可靠性的评估提出了一种基于输入参数非概率区间模型的新型时变可靠性分析方法。该方法旨在机构完整运动时间区间内搜索输出响应区间域的局部极值时刻,并引入非概率可靠性指标来评估和分析局部极值时刻的瞬时运动精度可靠性,由此将时变可靠性问题转化为瞬时可靠性问题。将该方法应用于某翻转输药机构进行可靠性评估,结果表明所提出的非概率时变可靠性分析方法对机构运动精度可靠性分析具有一定指导意义。

基于数据挖掘的船舶主推进机械装置可靠性评估

为分析评估指标间的相关性,构建科学的评估指标体系,基于多维评估指标获取准确的可靠性评估结果,提出基于数据挖掘的船舶主推进机械装置可靠性评估方法。采集海量船舶主推进机械装置运行相关数据,获取初始评估指标;采用数据挖掘技术中的因子分析法分析初始指标间的相关性,选取相互独立的评估指标构建最终的船舶主推进机械装置可靠性评估指标体系。利用数据挖掘技术中的支持向量机构建可靠性评估模型,将多维评估指标数据输入评估模型内,通过核函数将多维评估指标数据映射至高维空间内进行分类,输出可靠性评估等级。实验结果显示:选择的评估指标的方差解释均在0.8以上,说明所选评估指标信息量保全较多;评估结果与其研究对象实际运行情况完全一致,说明该方法的有效性。

A level set method for reliability-based topology optimization of compliant mechanisms

Based on the level set model and the reliability theory, a numerical approach of reliability-based topology optimization for compliant mechanisms with multiple inputs and outputs is presented. A multi-objective topology optimal model of compliant mechanisms considering uncertainties of the loads, material properties, and member geometries is developed. The reliability analysis and topology optimization are integrated in the optimal iterative process. The reliabilities of the compliant mechanisms are evaluated by using the first order reliability method. Meanwhile, the problem of structural topology optimization is solved by the level set method which is flexible in handling complex topological changes and concise in describing the boundary shape of the mechanism. Numerical examples show the importance of considering the stochastic nature of the compliant mechanisms in the topology optimization process.

基于改进AGREE方法的静叶调节机构可靠性分配

在对航空发动机的静叶调节机构进行可靠性分配时,采用传统AGREE方法得到其子系统的重要度和复杂度与子系统实际重要程度和复杂情况有偏差,并影响各子系统可靠度分配结果的合理性。针对这一问题,对传统AGREE方法中的重要度和复杂度进行了修正,提出了一种改进的AGREE方法。首先,考虑了不同子系统故障对系统的影响程度、修正重要度,考虑了子系统中会导致机构故障的关键零件的数目修正复杂度,对传统AGREE方法进行了改进;然后,提出了一种改进的AGREE分配法,并提出了进行可靠性指标分配的步骤;最后,采用改进的AGREE方法,对静叶调节机构可靠性指标进行了分配。研究结果表明:利用改进的AGREE方法可以完成对静叶调节机构的可靠性指标分配,其分配结果实现了为故障危害相对较小子系统分配更低的可靠度指标,为零件数量较多但关键零件较少子系统分配更高的可靠度指标的目标。与传统AGREE方法的分配结果相比,采用改进的AGREE方法所得到的分配结果更为合理。

基于改进ARINC的复杂机械系统可靠性分配方法

在航空发动机静叶调节机构的设计初期,由于缺少完整的失效统计数据,其常常会出现可靠性分配结果不合理或难以分配的现象。针对这一问题,以故障模式、影响和危害性分析(FMECA)评价指标的非线性转换方法为基础,提出了一种基于改进ARINC的复杂机械系统可靠性分配方法。首先,对FMECA分析的失效率评价指标进行了非线性转换,近似地表示出了零件的工作失效率,并结合可靠性关键件的概念,提出了一种改进的ARINC分配方法;然后,提出了使用改进ARINC分配法进行复杂系统可靠性分配的步骤;最后,以静叶调节机构的叶片联动系统为应用实例,使用上述方法和步骤完成其子系统可靠性指标的分配任务;为了验证改进的ARINC方法的优越性,将其与传统ARINC方法进行了对比。研究结果表明:改进的ARINC方法能有效解决实际工程中数据不足,难以科学地分配可靠性的问题,增加了ARINC方法的适用性;与采用传统ARINC方法得到的分配结果相比,通过改进ARINC方法得到的联动半环、联动半环搭接段和叶片摇臂衬套的可靠度分别降低了0.14%、0.33%和0.94%,其分配结果显示了该方法可以给一些关键零件(工作失效率较高、难以保证较高可靠性)分配较低可靠度指标的任务,比传统ARINC方法的分配结果更为合理。

水工规范地震动模拟及高心墙坝可靠度研究

抗震可靠度评估可以有效估计大坝在地震荷载作用下的安全性。施加人工模拟的随机地震动并将结构随机响应定量化的思路受到广泛的关注。本文首先基于水工建筑物抗震设计规范,利用谱表达-随机函数的方法建立五类不同场地的非平稳随机地震动模型;其次将该模型与广义概率密度演化方法结合,以获取大坝动力响应的概率信息;最后,引入等价极值事件的思想,建立以坝体变形和坝坡滑移为指标的高心墙坝动力可靠度分析框架。以如美大坝为例的分析结果表明,计算所得坝体变形破坏比坝坡滑移破坏概率大;本文的分析框架引入荷载的随机性,可以计算出较为准确的失效概率,从而为高心墙坝的抗震可靠度评估提供依据,且在岩土工程中均具有适用性。

应变疲劳可靠性理论与方法的新进展

介绍概率应变疲劳试验法、评价模型和损伤随机演化机制方面的新进展。突破经典极大似然法在参考试验载荷之外的单试样限制,提出新的广义极大似然疲劳试验法。新发现随机循环应力—应变响应现象并建立其概率模型。新发展概率疲劳应变—寿命模型。概率模型参数由称为广义极大似然法的方法确定,在整体数据层面综合考虑数据分散性规律与样本量对概率评价的影响。考虑随机应力—应变关系反映“随机应变载荷”、随机应变—寿命关系揭示材料的“应变强度”,提出随机应变载荷—强度干涉恒幅可靠性模型,与Keciguliu的递推法结合可进行变幅和应变载荷谱下的可靠性分析,形成了应变疲劳可靠性理论和方法的新体系。进一步根据有效短裂纹准则,揭示疲劳性能随机及演化性的本质原因源于主导有效短裂纹萌生区域及其裂尖区域微观结构扩展条件的差异及演化性;随机疲劳裂纹扩展、应变—寿命和应力—应变关系是3个关联的随机疲劳关系;疲劳损伤是一个由初始混沌状态,到独立无关的随机状态,然后到史相关随机状态的演化过程。

步枪三发点射机构的运动可靠性研究

针对步枪三发点射机构的运动可靠性问题，通过分析步枪三发点射机构的主要结构及工作过程，提出了某步枪三发点射机构的运动可靠性要求。基于仿真环境制定了可靠性准则，采用蒙特卡罗法进行了随机问题的模拟，计算得到三发点射机构的运动可靠度为：0．9873。通过参数影响分析，得到卡笋簧刚度、预紧力的不同取值对运动可靠性和接触载荷的影响，分析了发生动作失效和载荷过大的主要原因，为三发点射机构的实际应用提供了参考依据，其中棘爪簧刚度的有效取值范围为4～20N·mm／（°）。

动作可靠性分析评价方法

机构动作失效形式多,各失效之间存在相关性,同时,基于数值计算法很难进行系统动作可靠性的分析计算.为解决这一问题,利用动作可靠性仿真数据获得各失效参数之间的相关系数,并给出了联合密度法、界限法和条件概率法求解系统可靠度的公式,进行了机构动作可靠性的综合评价.所提方法较之独立假设条件下的系统可靠度计算结果,更接近实际.

基于降维算法的结构可靠性分析

为解决工程实际中功能函数为高维非线性的可靠性分析问题,提出了基于降维算法的一种新型的直接结构可靠度的分析方法。利用降维算法,建立了新的n个一维函数模型近似替代原n维功能函数,借助于泰勒级数和统计矩理论,求解结构功能函数的前四阶矩信息,并通过Edgeworth级数拟合结构功能函数的累积分布函数,结合可靠性理论可计算得到结构的失效概率。与传统方法相比,本文方法无需积分求解功能函数的统计矩,也无需迭代搜索最可能失效点。数值算例结果表明本文方法具有较高的计算精度和较好的适应性。

轮盘应变疲劳寿命可靠性分析方法

为较准确评估应变疲劳寿命可靠性,通过引入两个相关随机变量对Coffin-Manson公式随机化,发展了一种轮盘应变疲劳寿命可靠性分析概率模型。对线性回归残差重新定义,使得到的回归参数不随坐标系的选取发生变化。采用响应面法和蒙特卡洛模拟相结合的方法获得轮盘危险点应变幅的分布,最后通过多次解非线性方程数值模拟得到轮盘危险点应变疲劳寿命分布及其可靠寿命。

平面凸轮机构运动精度可靠性分析与数字仿真

运用微小位移的线性叠加原理 ,将平面凸轮类机构的凸轮与滚子的形状误差、铰链与移动副的间隙 (包括磨损的影响 )、凸轮及滚子的偏心、凸轮偏距圆尺寸误差等作为随机变量 ,建立了机构运动精度可靠性分析模型 ;利用计算机数字仿真技术 ,考察了机构各项误差导致的机构运动输出总误差对机构输出运动精度可靠度的影响 。

机构误差分析中的区间分析法

应用区间分析理论构造了适用于机构误差分析的区间分析法。当给定机构尺寸的公差带和原动件位置的误差区间时,可用区间分析法求得机构各从动件位移、速度和加速度的误差区间。该法的特点是分析直观,结果可靠,易于编程,实用性好。

无信号控制公路交叉口行人死亡事故特征及机理

为深入了解引发我国无信号控制公路交叉口行人死亡事故的根本原因,首先采用描述统计方法,分析事故在道路交通环境、车辆、行人和驾驶员等4方面17个因素上的分布特征。然后采用驾驶可靠性和失误分析方法(DREAM),分析摩托车直行、汽车直行和汽车左转3类事故的机理,归纳事故的主要影响因素。最后,根据事故特征和机理,分析总结目前在事故预防上存在的主要问题,提出解决思路。结果表明,安全设施缺乏、驾驶员培训不足和行人安全意识差是目前威胁我国无信号控制公路交叉口行人安全的3个主要问题。

飞行器内SFD-转子系统的动力学特性研究

建立了飞行器内SFD-转子系统的运动模型。数值研究表明,飞行器过大的垂直加速度分量或过小的水平加速度分量都可能使原稳定的SFD-转子系统变得不稳定。随着飞行器爬升角的变化,系统响应会出现周期1、周期3、拟周期、混沌等形态,而且会发生倍周期分叉和倒分叉。设计SFD时,必须充分考虑机动飞行的影响。