Reduction of current chopping noise with DSP controller in switched reluctance motor drive system

A novel current chopping mode was used in a switched reluctance motor drive system to make full use of the characteristics of digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320F240. The necessity of this 180° phase-shift current control (PSCC) mode is introduced first and then the principle of PSCC covering both hardware requirement and software programming is described in detail. The analysis made indicated that with this mode, the chopping frequency in winding can reach 20 kHz with 10 kHz power switches and the control frequency can reach 40 kHz at the same time. Subsequently, based on the linear and nonlinear mathematical models of the switched reluctance motor (SRM), some simulation work has been done. The simulation results show that when this mode is applied to SRM drive (SRD) system, the current waveform becomes better. So the ripple of the torque is reduced simultaneously and the vibration and acoustic noise are reduced involuntarily. Stationary tests show that the acoustic noise is greatly diminished. Finally, some experiments were made using a 50 kW SRD system for electric vehicle (EV). Experimental results indicate that this mode can be implemented feasibly and it has a good action on the SRD system.

Optimized Power Factor Correction for High Speed Switched Reluctance Motor

The Power Factor Correction(PFC)in Switched Reluctance(SR)motor is discussed in this article.The SR motors are applicable for multiple applications like electric vehicles,wind mills,machineries etc.The doubly salient structure of SR motor causes the occurrence of torque ripples,which affects the power factor of the motor.To improve the power quality,the power factor has to be corrected and the ripples have to be minimized.In order to achieve these objectives,a novel power factor correction(PFC)method is proposed in this work.Here,the conventional Diode Bridge Rectifier(DBR)is replaced by a Bridgeless Hybrid Resonant(HR)converter,which assists in improvising the output in a wider range.The converter is chosen because of having variety of beneficial measures including high gain.The converter’s output is fed to the SR motor by means of an asymmetric Bridge Resonant(BR)converter.The proposed converter operates in continuous mode of conduction with the switching frequency of 10 KHz.A hysteresis current controller and Proportional Integral(PI)controller are utilized for reducing the harmonics in the source current along with the regulation of output voltage.In addition,the speed control of SR motor is accomplished by means of the Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA)assisted PI controller.The proposed methodology is effective for the control of unity power factor,torque and current ripples.The Total Harmonic Distortion(THD)of the source current is also minimized,which suits the standard of International Electrotechnical Comission IEC 61000-3-2.By this methodology,the power factor of 0.99 is achieved with 97%efficiency and 3.92%THD.The proposed methodology is validated in simulation by MATLAB and in hardware by FPGA Spartan 6E.

An Analytic Method of Segmented PWM Duty Cycle for Switched Reluctance Motor

In view of the large current peak and torque ripple in the actual current chopping control of switched reluctance motor,a segmented PWM duty cycle analysis method of switched reluctance motor based on current chopping control is proposed in this paper.The method realizes the control of the winding current by adjusting the average voltage of the two ends of the winding in one cycle through the PWM duty cycle.At the same time,according to the inductance linear model,the conduction phase is divided into a small inductance region and an inductance rising region,and the analytical formulas of PWM duty cycle in the two regions are deduced respectively.Finally,through matlab/simulink simulation and motor platform experiment,the current chopping control is compared with the segmented PWM duty cycle analysis method in this paper.Simulation and experimental results show that the segmented PWM duty cycle analysis method can effectively reduce the current peak and torque ripple,and has high practical application value.

Design andtwo-objective simultaneous optimization of torque controller for switched reluctance motor in electric vehicle

In order to reduce the torque ripple,increase the average torque and optimize the drive performance of the switched reluctance motor (SRM),the nonlinear dynamic model of SRM is established in the MATLAB /Simulink environment.The effects of the turn-on and turn-off angles are investigated by the simulation results of the dynamic model,and the function is made among the rotor speed,turn-on angle and turn-off angle.To optimize the torque dynamic performance,the two-objective simultaneous optimization function is proposed by two weight factors.And the optimized turn-on and turn-off angles as functions of rotor speed are developed by using the simultaneous optimization method.Then the optimized torque controller is designed based on the optimized turn-on and turn-off angles.The simulation results show that the optimized torque controller designed in this paper can effectively reduce the torque ripple and increase the average torque,and optimize the torque dynamic performance of the SRM.

Research on DTC System with Variable Flux for Switched Reluctance Motor

When switched reluctance motor(SRM)is in the status of the traditional direct torque control(DTC)system,due to the high saturation nonlinearity of the electromagnetic relationships of switched reluctance motors,the torque ripple and the stator phase current are larger.In order to resolve the above problems,through the analysis and deduction for SRM flux model and the influence of characteristics of flux and speed on torque ripple,this paper presents a variable-flux control strategy with the three closed-loop structure based on the critical flux supersaturated speed.And a DTC system of SRM with variable flux and three closed-loop is built up in Matlab/simulink.Moreover,the DSP hardware experiment platform based on the TMS320F2812 is established to validate the performance of the improved algorithm.The simulation and experimental results show that the new scheme has an obvious effect on torque ripple reduction,and the three-phase stator current is obviously reduced,which greatly reduces the stator winding copper consumption during the operation of SRM.Moreover,the improved system has good system stability.

ANFIS Based Space Vector Modulation-DTC for Switched Reluctance Motor Drive

Direct torque control (DTC) of Switched reluctance motor is known straightforward control structure with similar execution to that of field situated control strategies. In any case, the part of ideal determination of the voltage space vector is one of the weakest focuses in a routine DTC drive because of adjustable switching frequency and high torque ripple. In this paper, ideal choice of voltage space vectors is accomplished utilizing ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System) with space vector Modulation. SVM-DTC gives consistent switching frequency and the proposed ANFIS controller’s structure manages the torque and stator flux error signals through the fuzzy deduction to get a yield that takes the type of space voltage vector. Simulation results accept the proposed evolutionary system with quick torque and flux reaction with minimized torque ripple and flux ripple.

Mode switching control strategy of dual motors coupled driving on electric vehicles

Based on analyzing the structure and working principle on electric vehicles （EVs） with dual motors coupled by planetarY gears, the control strategy of mode switching was proposed. The power interruption problem on EVs with automatic mechanical transmission （AMT） shifting was resolved. Based on the speed-torque characteristics of the planetary gears and the principle of the auxiliary motor＇ s zero speed braking, control features of mode switching were introduced. The mode shifting between the main motor mode and dual motors coupled driving were studied. Matlab/Simulink was adopted as a platform to develop the simulation model of EVs with dual motors drive system and 3 gears AMT. Simulation results demonstrated that the power interruption of dual motors drive system was solved during mode switching. The power requirements of EVs were satisfied, too.

High Performance Servo-System of a Motor in Driect Drive Robotics

This paper decribes the control of a high performance variable reluctance motor system for direct drive robotics and industrial automation. The control system of a motor comists of a drive unit and a digital controller, possessing two functions of tbe analog dosed-loop control of motor velocity and the digit dosed-loop control of motor position. Then it discusses the closed-loop control of current in the three phases of the motor and the control of the lead angle of the motor. Finally, it suggests a design of the control circuits of motor current, velocity and position. The closed loop control of the motor position is achieved by a digit cotroller which consists of a microprocessor and other electronic components. It can control two variable reluctance motors simultaneusly. In order to be used for directly driving robots, the digit cotroller is equipped with a universal interface.

FPGA Based Speed Control of SRM with Optimized Switching Angles by Self Tuning

The electromagnetic torque and speed in Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) greatly depend on the excitation parametersi.e. turn-on angle, turn-off angle, dwell angle and magnitude of the phase currents of its phases. At lower speeds, a change in the current contributes the torque requirement which can be achieved either by voltage control (pulse width modulation) or instantaneous current control techniques. At high speeds, due to high back EMF, the regulation of current is crucial and achieved with the control of switching angles of phases. This type of control is referred as average torque control, where the torque is averaged over one stroke (2π/Nr). With constant dwell angle, advancing the phase angle influences the current into the phase winding at minimum inductance position. It has more time to get the current out of the phase winding before the rotor reaches the negative inductance slope. To maintain the speed of the motor at different load conditions, the turn-on and turn-off angles are adaptively varied. The change in dwell angle may be required where the turn-on and turn-off angle may not be sufficient to reach the required speed. In this paper, a new algorithm is proposed for self tuning of switching parameters of SRM. The proposed algorithm is simulated in MATLAB-Simulink and experimentally validated with Field Programmable Gated Array (FPGA) using MATLAB- system generator environment.

含实时电流补偿的开关磁阻式机电作动器自适应PI控制

针对传统控制算法难以克服开关磁阻电机的非线性并有效抑制转向叶片的负载扰动,因而无法对开关磁阻式机电作动器进行快速高精度位置跟踪控制的问题,提出了一种含实时电流补偿的自适应PI控制器。首先,通过负载观测器对作用于转向叶片上的空气动力负载进行实时估算,进而转化为电流环的实时补偿电流来抑制负载扰动的影响;然后,基于开关磁阻电机的转矩电流特性拟合曲线与实时电流反馈值对转速环PI参数进行自适应最优调节,从而削弱了开关磁阻电机的非线性,增强了机电作动器的转速调节性能;最后,通过引入位置前馈环节,有效提高了机电作动器的响应速度和位置跟踪精度。仿真和实验结果表明:相较于传统PI控制器、自适应PI控制器和含前馈环节的自适应PI控制器,所提控制器将开关磁阻式机电作动器的响应速度分别提高了49.3%、44.4%和30%,位置跟踪精度分别提高了54.8%、49.2%和2.9%,从而使得机电作动器具备更强的位置跟踪性能。

直线旋转开关磁阻电机的轴向速度控制与快速轴向定位

目前直线旋转开关磁阻电机(Linear-rotary switched reluctance motor,LRSRM)只可实现轴向定位控制,两自由度运动方式较为单一。为提高LRSRM轴向控制性能,本文提出了一种轴向速度控制方法,通过线性位置/速度观测器协调控制转子的轴向位移和轴向速度,由转矩与轴向力的数学模型解算出转矩及轴向力绕组的给定电流,再将其分配到对应的绕组导通区间,分别进行电流滞环控制。该方法可以有效调节转子在旋转过程中的轴向定位速度。仿真和实验验证了所提方法的控制效果。

开关磁阻电机无位置传感器控制策略研究

针对开关磁阻电机无位置传感器下的转子位置还原,提出一种基于电流上升时间监测的无位置传感器控制策略,该策略包含初始位置检测、电机启动运行、转子位置重构和调速控制几个部分。首先离线测得电机在特殊位置时滞环带宽内的电流上升时间,作为初始阈值用于电机启动;接着分别对各相绕组注入小电流,比较各相电流在滞环带宽内的上升时间进行初始位置分区;然后将转子从电感下降区进入电感最小区起始点作为特征点,利用初始阈值启动电机并在电机运行过程中依据实时工况更新特征点处时间阈值作为下一周期的检测特征;最后通过检测特征点位置信号对转子进行位置重构和转速估算实现换相与调速。仿真与实验结果验证了所提出控制策略的有效性与准确性。

一种定子单绕组无轴承开关磁阻电机的转子位移控制方法

提出了一种用于定子单绕组无轴承开关磁阻电机(Bearingless switched reluctance motor,BLSRM)的转子位移控制方法。首先介绍了定子单绕组无轴承开关磁阻电机的基本结构和工作原理,基于等效磁路法建立悬浮力和刚度的数学模型。其次,建立了转子动力学模型以获取悬浮力与转子位移间的关系模型。最后,设计了一台实验样机并在电机上进行悬浮控制实验。实验结果验证了所提控制方法的有效性。

双开关磁阻电机的改进交叉耦合同步控制

为增强两台开关磁阻电机(SRM)这一高度非线性被控对象的同步跟随性,降低不确定扰动造成的同步性能下降的影响,结合单神经元PID算法提出一种双SRM的改进型交叉耦合同步控制策略。建立并分析SRM的数学模型,结合基于单神经元PID算法的改进交叉耦合同步控制策略和基于有限元法的SRM静态特性参数,在MATLAB/Simulink搭建双SRM转速交叉耦合同步控制模型并进行稳态和动态性能仿真分析。结果表明,改进后的双SRM交叉耦合同步控制策略,对比传统交叉耦合同步控制策略,使得双SRM的转速同步控制的动态响应能力、抗负载扰动能力以及转速跟随能力更优。

一种基于快速傅里叶建模方法的开关磁阻电机模型预测控制

为快速准确地建立开关磁阻电机模型,提高模型预测控制性能,该文提出一种基于快速傅里叶建模方法的模型预测控制策略。一方面采用傅里叶级数对磁链和转矩特性进行解析建模,并推导转矩预测模型;另一方面结合分扇区的思想控制电机换相进而简化代价函数,并在每个扇区内只设计两个预选电压矢量,有效减小了预测控制的计算负担。另外,扇区的位置和宽度可根据转速和负载的变化而变化,增强了算法的适用性。仿真和实验与传统的模型预测控制方法进行对比,并考虑到低、高速以及转速和负载突变的不同工况,结果表明所提算法的转矩脉动更低,转矩电流比更高。

基于滑模神经网络直接瞬时转矩控制的优化

针对开关磁阻电机在滞环控制策略中存在的较大转矩脉动问题,在传统直接瞬时转矩控制的基础上引入了反向传播(BP)神经网络控制策略,以转矩误差的平方为性能指标函数对直接瞬时转矩控制进行优化调整,抑制了电机在运行时的转矩脉动。进一步,在整体双闭环控制策略基础上,引入滑模控制对转速环节进行改进,提高了系统的响应速度和鲁棒性。最后,利用Matlab/Simulink对传统直接瞬时转矩控制和改进直接瞬时转矩控制进行仿真测试,验证了所提策略的有效性和可行性。

采用变滞环PWM的开关磁阻电机直接瞬时转矩控制方法

针对基于传统直接瞬时转矩控制的开关磁阻电机因采用固定滞环控制而存在转矩脉动仍然较大的问题,提出一种基于变滞环PWM的直接瞬时转矩控制方法。通过确定开关磁阻电机各相对应的工作区间,建立各区间相应的滞环函数并对函数中各参数进行优化,根据所得优化后的滞环函数及开关磁阻电机当前转子位置角以及相应的转矩偏差,提出采用变滞环PWM控制方法对其功率变换电路中相应功率开关进行控制,以达到对其转矩脉动进行抑制的目的,最后对其效果进行了仿真验证,同时与传统基于固定滞环的直接瞬时转矩控制方法进行了对比分析,结果表明:该方法不仅显著降低了开关磁阻电机的转矩脉动,而且有效提高了其运行效率,因而具有较好的应用价值。

模糊自抗扰优化开关磁阻电机速度环控制策略

开关磁阻电机因其结构为双凸极造成转矩脉动过大,且该系统具有严重的非线性,给定转速变化大,负荷扰动大,为克服这个问题应用模糊自抗扰控制方法,结合开关磁阻电机特性和机械运动方程,建立开关磁阻电机双闭环系统仿真模型,转速环采用自抗扰控制技术并使用模糊控制对其参数实施整定,转矩环采用直接瞬时转矩控制,仿真对比得出,相较于传统PI控制,模糊自抗扰控制能够有效改善调速性能,降低转矩脉动,表现出良好的抗干扰能力。

基于粒子群算法的开关磁阻电机控制系统研究

针对开关磁阻电机本身所具有的强非线性,转矩脉动大、调速性能待改进等问题,采用了一种基于粒子群优化模糊PI控制并结合柔性神经网络的控制方法,将模糊控制理论与PI控制相结合,并通过粒子群算法进行优化。进行了速度外环为无优化模糊PI控制、传统PID控制以及粒子群优化模糊PI控制三种仿真实验,三种仿真实验均采用柔性神经网络作为转矩内环。对比仿真结果发现,粒子群优化模糊PI控制在额定转速为150 r/min、800 r/min、1500 r/min三种情况下的转矩脉动最小,提高了系统的鲁棒性,对比实验表明,粒子群优化的模糊PI控制作为速度外环,柔性神经网络作用于转矩内环的控制方法性能优良,适用于开关磁阻电机的转矩脉动抑制。