The boundary between subtropical zone and temperate zone is not only important in physical geography, but also attractive in agricultural production. Seven soil profiles studied in this pape...The boundary between subtropical zone and temperate zone is not only important in physical geography, but also attractive in agricultural production. Seven soil profiles studied in this paper are placed along the southern slope of Funiu Mountain at different heights above sea level. Many compositions and properties of these soils have been determined in laboratory. In this paper, the laws of migration and accumulation of soil materials on the southern slope of Funiu Mountain are discussed first, then the division of the boundary between subtropical zone and temperate zone in this area according to soil geochemistry is discussed with qualitative methods and mathematical classification method in which twelve selected indexes such as K m , Saf, Ba, β, Feo/Fet, Mno/Mnt and so on are used. The result indicates that the boundary between subtropical zone and temperate zone on the southern slope of Funiu Mountain is about 950 m above sea level.展开更多
To explore a practical and sustainable development path for Funiu Mountain World Geopark, the authors classified geo-heritage landscapes into 4 main categories, 12 categories and 20 sub-categories, according to Techni...To explore a practical and sustainable development path for Funiu Mountain World Geopark, the authors classified geo-heritage landscapes into 4 main categories, 12 categories and 20 sub-categories, according to Technical Specifications for Compiling Planning of National Geopark and other research results. Comparative significance of its typical geological heritages in domestic and international geoscience research was analyzed; scientific value of the geological remains was evaluated together with aesthetic value, science popularization and education value, and tourism development value.展开更多
[Objectives]The purpose was to investigate the characteristics of soil seed bank of typical plant communities in hilly area of Funiu Mountain.[Methods]The seed density,number of species and species composition of the ...[Objectives]The purpose was to investigate the characteristics of soil seed bank of typical plant communities in hilly area of Funiu Mountain.[Methods]The seed density,number of species and species composition of the soil seed bank of typical plant communities such as Themeda japonica,Imperata cylindrica,Vitex negundo,Quercus acutissima,Robinia pseudoacacia,Platycladus orientalis and Populus canadensis in the surface,top 0-5 and top 5-10 cm soil were studied.[Results]The seed reserves of plant communities at different succession stages were(220.00±95.39)–(2650.00±1064.52)seeds/m2.A total of 48 species were counted in the seed bank,belonging to 45 genera in 22 families.Total 27 species were identified in the above-ground vegetation,belonging to 25 genera in 14 families.In the shallow soil where the seeds gathered,the seed densities of Imperata cylindrica and Themeda japonica were relatively low.The reserves of plant communities with different naturalness degrees were(403.33±64.29)-(2110.00±356.79)seeds/m2.A total of 67 species were counted in the seed bank,belonging to 64 genera in 37 families.A total of 45 species were identified in the above-ground vegetation,belonging to 43 genera in 28 families.In the soil layers of 0-5 and 5-10 cm,the seed density of natural secondary Q.acutissima was higher than those of planted P.canadensis,P.orientalis and R.pseudoacacia.In each soil layer,the species number of natural secondary Q.acutissima forest was slightly smaller than those of planted P.canadensis,P.orientalis and R.pseudoacacia forests.[Conclusions]The seeds in the soil seed bank may not completely come from existing above-ground vegetation.Manual assistance is required for vegetation restoration or reconstruction relying on soil seed bank,to ensure the direction of community succession.展开更多
Based on GIS technology and AnnAGNPS model,the outputs of runoff and soil erosion in different periods of seven typical agroforestry watersheds in Funiu Mountains were studied.The results showed that after the impleme...Based on GIS technology and AnnAGNPS model,the outputs of runoff and soil erosion in different periods of seven typical agroforestry watersheds in Funiu Mountains were studied.The results showed that after the implementation of the project of returning farmland to forests and ecological industrialization in the study watersheds in the Funiu Mountains,the function of soil and water conservation has been continuously enhanced.Compared with 2000,in 2020,the average surface runoff of the seven watersheds decreased by 40.7 mm,and the soil erosion amount decreased by 5.41 t/hm;the watershed runoff had a significant positive correlation with slope (P < 0.05),a significant negative correlation with forest land area ratio (P < 0.05),but no significant correlation with agricultural land ratio;soil erosion was negatively correlated with forest land (P < 0.05),but positively correlated with farmland (P < 0.05);and the average spatial variation coefficient of soil erosion was 160%,which was 4.35 times that of runoff,and the uncertainty of factors affecting soil erosion was much higher than that of runoff.展开更多
The main goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of AnnAGNPS(Annualized AGricultural NonPoint Source)pollution model,in calculating runoff,sediment loading and nutrient loadings for Funiu Mountain area.Most...The main goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of AnnAGNPS(Annualized AGricultural NonPoint Source)pollution model,in calculating runoff,sediment loading and nutrient loadings for Funiu Mountain area.Most of the model input parameters were sourced from Luanchuan Forest Ecology Station(LFES)in Funiu Mountain area.The data on 23 storms in 2018 was used to calibrate the model and the data on 33 storms in 2019 for validation.The whole evaluation consisted of determining the coefficient of determination(R^(2)),Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency(E),and the percentage volume error(VE).Results showed that the runoff volumes were underpredicted by 5.0%with R^(2) of 0.93(P<0.05)during calibration and underpredicted by 5.3%with R^(2) of 0.90(P<0.05)during validation.But sediment loading was able to produce a moderate result.The model underpredicted the daily sediment loading by 15.1%with R^(2) of 0.63(P<0.05)during calibration and 13.5%with R^(2) of 0.66(P<0.05)during validation.Nitrogen loading was overpredicted by 20.3%with R^(2)=0.68(P<0.05),and phosphorus loading performance was slightly poor with R^(2)=0.65(P<0.05)during validation.In general,the model performed well in simulating runoff compared to sediment loading and nutrient loadings.展开更多
[Objectives]By testing applicability of SOC depth distribution model in geographical and climatic conditions of Funiu Mountain area,SOC depth distribution model in the region was established and applied. The construct...[Objectives]By testing applicability of SOC depth distribution model in geographical and climatic conditions of Funiu Mountain area,SOC depth distribution model in the region was established and applied. The constructed model was used to estimate SOC mass density in other regions,thereby obtaining SOC abundance distribution chart at different depths.[Methods]165 soil sampling sites were selected from Quercus variabilis forest,Pinus tabulaeformis forest,mixed forest,and shrub forest in Taowan basin of Funiu Mountain area,to determine SOC content at different depths,study SOC depth distribution pattern of forest in Taowan basin of Funiu Mountain area,and assess SOC reserve at different depths.[Results]Average SOC density of Q. variabilis forest,P. tabulaeformis forest,mixed forest,and shrub forest at the depth of 0-20 cm was 7. 92,8. 42,8. 14 and 9. 67 kg/m^2,and there was significant difference in SOC density between shrub forest and Q. variabilis forest,P. tabulaeformis forest,mixed forest( P < 0. 05),and SOC density of four kinds of vegetation all abruptly declined with soil depth increased. At the depth of 0-20 cm,correlation between SOC density and vegetation type,canopy density,clay content and sand content was significant,and the correlation with altitude was insignificant. When carbon density at the depth of 0-100 cm was used to describe regional SOC reserve,the estimated value was lower. The established space model could predict SOC density of forest.[Conclusions]The estimation of deep-layer SOC by the established model needed further consideration,and estimation method for special areas needed to be further demonstrated.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China No.49070028
文摘The boundary between subtropical zone and temperate zone is not only important in physical geography, but also attractive in agricultural production. Seven soil profiles studied in this paper are placed along the southern slope of Funiu Mountain at different heights above sea level. Many compositions and properties of these soils have been determined in laboratory. In this paper, the laws of migration and accumulation of soil materials on the southern slope of Funiu Mountain are discussed first, then the division of the boundary between subtropical zone and temperate zone in this area according to soil geochemistry is discussed with qualitative methods and mathematical classification method in which twelve selected indexes such as K m , Saf, Ba, β, Feo/Fet, Mno/Mnt and so on are used. The result indicates that the boundary between subtropical zone and temperate zone on the southern slope of Funiu Mountain is about 950 m above sea level.
文摘To explore a practical and sustainable development path for Funiu Mountain World Geopark, the authors classified geo-heritage landscapes into 4 main categories, 12 categories and 20 sub-categories, according to Technical Specifications for Compiling Planning of National Geopark and other research results. Comparative significance of its typical geological heritages in domestic and international geoscience research was analyzed; scientific value of the geological remains was evaluated together with aesthetic value, science popularization and education value, and tourism development value.
基金Project of Education Department of Henan Province(18A180026)Key Science and Technology Program of Henan Province(182102110166)+1 种基金Project of Pingdingshan University(JZ2017009)School-level Teaching Research Reform Project of Pingdingshan University(2017-JY03).
文摘[Objectives]The purpose was to investigate the characteristics of soil seed bank of typical plant communities in hilly area of Funiu Mountain.[Methods]The seed density,number of species and species composition of the soil seed bank of typical plant communities such as Themeda japonica,Imperata cylindrica,Vitex negundo,Quercus acutissima,Robinia pseudoacacia,Platycladus orientalis and Populus canadensis in the surface,top 0-5 and top 5-10 cm soil were studied.[Results]The seed reserves of plant communities at different succession stages were(220.00±95.39)–(2650.00±1064.52)seeds/m2.A total of 48 species were counted in the seed bank,belonging to 45 genera in 22 families.Total 27 species were identified in the above-ground vegetation,belonging to 25 genera in 14 families.In the shallow soil where the seeds gathered,the seed densities of Imperata cylindrica and Themeda japonica were relatively low.The reserves of plant communities with different naturalness degrees were(403.33±64.29)-(2110.00±356.79)seeds/m2.A total of 67 species were counted in the seed bank,belonging to 64 genera in 37 families.A total of 45 species were identified in the above-ground vegetation,belonging to 43 genera in 28 families.In the soil layers of 0-5 and 5-10 cm,the seed density of natural secondary Q.acutissima was higher than those of planted P.canadensis,P.orientalis and R.pseudoacacia.In each soil layer,the species number of natural secondary Q.acutissima forest was slightly smaller than those of planted P.canadensis,P.orientalis and R.pseudoacacia forests.[Conclusions]The seeds in the soil seed bank may not completely come from existing above-ground vegetation.Manual assistance is required for vegetation restoration or reconstruction relying on soil seed bank,to ensure the direction of community succession.
基金Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31670616)。
文摘Based on GIS technology and AnnAGNPS model,the outputs of runoff and soil erosion in different periods of seven typical agroforestry watersheds in Funiu Mountains were studied.The results showed that after the implementation of the project of returning farmland to forests and ecological industrialization in the study watersheds in the Funiu Mountains,the function of soil and water conservation has been continuously enhanced.Compared with 2000,in 2020,the average surface runoff of the seven watersheds decreased by 40.7 mm,and the soil erosion amount decreased by 5.41 t/hm;the watershed runoff had a significant positive correlation with slope (P < 0.05),a significant negative correlation with forest land area ratio (P < 0.05),but no significant correlation with agricultural land ratio;soil erosion was negatively correlated with forest land (P < 0.05),but positively correlated with farmland (P < 0.05);and the average spatial variation coefficient of soil erosion was 160%,which was 4.35 times that of runoff,and the uncertainty of factors affecting soil erosion was much higher than that of runoff.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32271848).
文摘The main goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of AnnAGNPS(Annualized AGricultural NonPoint Source)pollution model,in calculating runoff,sediment loading and nutrient loadings for Funiu Mountain area.Most of the model input parameters were sourced from Luanchuan Forest Ecology Station(LFES)in Funiu Mountain area.The data on 23 storms in 2018 was used to calibrate the model and the data on 33 storms in 2019 for validation.The whole evaluation consisted of determining the coefficient of determination(R^(2)),Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency(E),and the percentage volume error(VE).Results showed that the runoff volumes were underpredicted by 5.0%with R^(2) of 0.93(P<0.05)during calibration and underpredicted by 5.3%with R^(2) of 0.90(P<0.05)during validation.But sediment loading was able to produce a moderate result.The model underpredicted the daily sediment loading by 15.1%with R^(2) of 0.63(P<0.05)during calibration and 13.5%with R^(2) of 0.66(P<0.05)during validation.Nitrogen loading was overpredicted by 20.3%with R^(2)=0.68(P<0.05),and phosphorus loading performance was slightly poor with R^(2)=0.65(P<0.05)during validation.In general,the model performed well in simulating runoff compared to sediment loading and nutrient loadings.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31670616)
文摘[Objectives]By testing applicability of SOC depth distribution model in geographical and climatic conditions of Funiu Mountain area,SOC depth distribution model in the region was established and applied. The constructed model was used to estimate SOC mass density in other regions,thereby obtaining SOC abundance distribution chart at different depths.[Methods]165 soil sampling sites were selected from Quercus variabilis forest,Pinus tabulaeformis forest,mixed forest,and shrub forest in Taowan basin of Funiu Mountain area,to determine SOC content at different depths,study SOC depth distribution pattern of forest in Taowan basin of Funiu Mountain area,and assess SOC reserve at different depths.[Results]Average SOC density of Q. variabilis forest,P. tabulaeformis forest,mixed forest,and shrub forest at the depth of 0-20 cm was 7. 92,8. 42,8. 14 and 9. 67 kg/m^2,and there was significant difference in SOC density between shrub forest and Q. variabilis forest,P. tabulaeformis forest,mixed forest( P < 0. 05),and SOC density of four kinds of vegetation all abruptly declined with soil depth increased. At the depth of 0-20 cm,correlation between SOC density and vegetation type,canopy density,clay content and sand content was significant,and the correlation with altitude was insignificant. When carbon density at the depth of 0-100 cm was used to describe regional SOC reserve,the estimated value was lower. The established space model could predict SOC density of forest.[Conclusions]The estimation of deep-layer SOC by the established model needed further consideration,and estimation method for special areas needed to be further demonstrated.
