Specificity Screening of Potential Active Components from Moutan Cortex for Rat Mesangial Cells HBZY-1 by Cell Membrane Immobilized Chromatography

Moutan Cortex (MC) has been demonstrated to have an inhibitive effect on inflammation and oxidative stress responses in mesangial cells in our previous study. However, little is known about the components of MC contributing to this benefit. In the present study, cell membrane immobilized chromatography (CMC), a fast and useful method, was presented for screening potential active components of MC. HBZY-1 cells were incubated with MC (200 μg/mL) at the optimal incubation time (90 min). HPLC-DAD analysis and LC/ESI/MS/MS were performed to distinguish the active components and identify its structural ion fragments. The results showed that eight components binding to HBZY-1 cells were mudanoside B, paeoniflorin sulfonate, paeoniflorin, tetragalloyl glucose (isomeride), hexagalloyl glucose, mudanopiside A, and paeonol. In conclusion, our established CMC might be a useful method for screening potential active components in complicated traditional Chinese medicines. These components might be associated with the efficacy of MC on prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy.

Moutan Cortex and Paeoniae Radix Rubra reverse high-fat-diet-induced metabolic disorder and restore gut microbiota homeostasis

The present study was designed to investigate the therapeutic effcts of Moutan Cortex(CM,root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr) and Paeoniae Radix Rubra(PR,root of Paeonia veitchii Lynch) on metabolic disorders,focusing on the infuence of CM and PR on the obesity-related gut microbiota homeostasis.The diet-induced obese(DIO) mouse model was used to test the therapeutic effects of CM and PR.The mice were orally administered with CM and PR for 6 weeks,and oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) and insulin tolerance test(ITT) were performed to evaluate the insulin sensitivity of the mice.Sterol-regulatory element binding proteins(SREBPs) and their target genes were measured by quantitative RT-PCR.High-throughput 16 S ribosomal RNA(16S rR NA) gene sequencing technology was used to determine the composition of gut microbiota,and the metabolites in serum were analyzed by GC-MS.Our results indicated that CM and PR combination alleviated obese and insulin resistance in the DIO mice,leading to increased glucose uptake and gene expression in muscle and liver,and down-regulated SREBPs and their target genes in liver.Interesting,neither the CM-PR extracts,nor the major components of CM and PR did not affect SREBPs activity in cultured cells.Meanwhile,CM and PR significantly modulated the gut microbiota of the high-fat diet(HFD) treated mice,similar to metformin,and CM-PR reversed the overall microbiota composition similar to the normal chow diet(NCD) treated mice.In conclusion,our results provide novel mechanisms of action for the effects of CM and PR in treating DIO-induced dysregulation of sugar and lipid metabolism.

A precise and specific method for quick determination of sulfur fumigation for moutan cortex

Objective: Establish a quick, precise and specific method to determine whether the moutan cortex obtained from market is processed with sulfur; provide a reliable method for the scientific evaluation.Methods: Three methods, including acid-base titration method, high-performance liquid-chromatography(HPLC) method, and ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UHPLC-TOF-MS) method were used to detect whether30 batches of samples were fumigated with sulfur.Results: The results of three methods were substantially the same. Fifteen batches were identified to have been processed with sulfur fumigation, while others were not.Conclusions: The HPLC method was found to be most appropriate for the determination of sulfur fumigation for moutan cortex.

Research on Quality Markers of Moutan Cortex: Quality Evaluation and Quality Standards of Moutan Cortex

Objective To identify the quality markers of Moutan Cortex(MC) and establish the quality evaluation methods for multi-component assay and fingerprinting of MC. Methods The chemical constituents in MC were identified by HPLC-QTOF-MS. UPLC was employed for the multi-component assay and fingerprinting of MC. Furthermore, text mining was carried out to review the biosynthesis pathways and pharmacological and pharmacokinetic studies related to MC, and in silico target fishing was conducted to construct compound-target networks for MC. Results Sixteen compounds were clearly identified in MC and their structures were confirmed through comparison with literature data. In addition, the biosynthetic pathways and component specificities of the identified compounds were summarized and confirmed by text mining.Pharmacological activities, including traditional usage and modern pharmacological studies were summarized. A total of 282 targets from Homo sapiens were fished for 13 compounds. In addition, pharmacokinetic studies of different compounds were synopsized. Finally, multi-component assay and fingerprint of MC were established. Conclusion Eight major components are selected as quality markers of MC, such as oxypaeoniflorin, apiopaeonoside, albiflorin, paeonolide, paeoniflorin, 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose, mudanpioside C and paeonol. These eight quality markers are successfully applied to the quality evaluation of MC, and could be useful in improving the current quality standards of MC.

Study on the Multi-Component Quantitation of Cortex Moutan and Its Intestinal Absorption Characteristics

Cortex Moutan (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.) is a common traditional Chinese medicine and has been widely used in clinic for 2000 years in China. As sources for this crude drug are always mixed with other species, many cultivars on herbal market may lead to quality instability. Multi-component quantitative analysis is an efficient method to reflect chemical profiles of herb medicine and is always taken as the main method for quality evaluation. So, the aim of this work is to develop analytical method to quantify paeonol, paeoniflorin, gallic acid, oxypaeoniflorin, benzoylpaeoniflorin and paeonolide in Cortex Moutan (CM) to evaluate the chemical qualities of CM from different species or cultivars. Besides, we also study the intestinal absorption characteristics of paeonol and paeoniflorin for further pharmacological evaluation. In the present study, all of the standard markers were performed on an Ecosil C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μM, Lubex Co., Guangzhou, China) with linear gradient elution of 0.2% formic acid water and acetonitrile. The proposed method was applied to analyze 50 batches of samples with acceptable linearity (R2, 0.9995 - 0.9999), precisions (RSD, 0.47% - 2.08%), repeatability (RSD, 039% - 2.63%), stability (RSD, 0.52% - 2.45%), and recovery (RSD, 0.72% - 3.03%) of the six compounds. Furthermore, the Hierarchical Cluster Analysis was applied to classify the 50 samples based on contents of the six compound markers. The results obtained from multi-component quantification of CM clearly indicated that CM originated from P. suffruticosa and P. ostii presented different chemical properties, and that samples from the two materials could be gathered into one branch, respectively, while CM sourced from cultivars of P. suffruticosa showed great variety on chemical quality. The results from Hierarchical Cluster Analysis implied that the established method could be used as a powerful tool for the quality evaluation of CM. The intestinal absorption study indicated that the intestinal absorption activities for paeoniflorin and paeonol showed an increasing absorption with time. Paeonol had lower absorption rate (6.69% - 15.93%) than that of paeoniflorin (19.0% - 30.70%). As a result, the established method is suitable for the quality evaluation of CM. The results of intestinal absorption characteristics of paeonol and paeoniflorin offer an insight for pharmacological evaluation and clinical efficacy research of CM.

The Mechanism of the combination of radix paeoniae rubra-cortex moutan in treating cerebral hemorrhage based on network pharmacology

Objective:To clarify the material basis of Chinese medicine pair“Radix Paeoniae Rubra-Cortex Moutan”(Chishao-Mudanpi)and explore their mechanism in the treatment of ICH with network pharmacology.Methods:The active ingredients contained in Radix Paeoniae Rubra and Cortex Moutan were searched and selected based on the oral bioavailability prediction and drug-likeness prediction from the TCMSP database.Then the targets of cerebral hemorrhage were collected from GeneCards,OMIM,and DrugBank databases.After obtained the intersections of drugs and disease,the active component target disease interactive network diagram was drawn by Cytoscape software.The obtained key targets were uploaded to the STRING database for analysis and construct a PPI network map.GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG analysis were performed on the key target proteins.Results:Collected the active ingredients of Radix Paeoniae 119,Radix Paeoniae 55,including paeoniflorin,baicalin,β-sitosterol,etc.Related drug target protein 1190,ICH disease-related genes 823,"Radix Paeoniae-Radix Paeoniae"and 72 common targets of ICH,mainly acting on Akt1,IL6,VEGFA,CASP3,EGF,involving 133 related signaling pathways such as AGE-RAGE,TNF,IL-17,HIF1,PI3K-Akt.Conclusion:The combination of"Radix Paeoniae Rubra-Cortex Moutan"in the treatment of ICH has the characteristics of multiple pathways and multiple targets,which provides a reference and basis for further molecular biology verification in the future.

Cortex Moutan Inhibits Bladder Cancer Cell Proliferation and Expression of Angiogenic Factors

Metastases are the main cause of death among patients with bladder cancer, which is the second most common malignancy of the genitourinary tract and is highly prevalent in the southwestern region of Taiwan. Angiogenesis plays a critical role in tumor growth and metastasis processes and has relevance in disease recurrence, pelvic lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. Cancer cells can produce several angiogenesis-stimulating factors involved in vascular growth, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-8. Common chemotherapeutic drugs for intravesical instillations usually cause major side effects, including urinary frequency, urinary urgency, cystitis, and hematuria. In order to identify a less cytotoxic therapeutic agent that can inhibit tumor cell proliferation, we examined the traditional Chinese herbal medicine Cortex Moutan—reported to have antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and antitumor properties—for its effects on bladder cancer cell proliferation and expression of angiogenic factors. Our results revealed that Cortex Moutan exhibited high selectivity in inhibiting the growth of bladder cancer cells and also reduced the expression of angiogenesis-stimulating factors in those cells. Thus, we suggest that Cortex Moutan might be used as a cancer therapy drug for bladder’s intravesical chemotherapy in the future.

基于网络药理学探讨牡丹皮-栀子治疗抑郁症作用机制

目的通过网络药理学的方法研究牡丹皮-栀子治疗抑郁症的作用机制。方法该文通过计算机技术筛选牡丹皮、栀子治疗抑郁症的主要活性成分及其潜在作用靶点,探讨其抗抑郁作用的药理学机制。应用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)和Uniport数据库整理及筛选牡丹皮、栀子的有效成分和作用靶点及对应的基因名。通过GeneCards数据库、在线人类孟德尔遗传数据库(OMIM)、靶点预测数据库(TTD)提取抑郁症(depressive disorder,DD)的相关靶点基因。进行Venn分析,将成分靶点与抑郁症疾病靶点取交集,获得共同靶点基因。构建化合物-靶点复合网络,筛选发挥抗抑郁作用的关键成分,同时用共同靶点基因构建蛋白互作网络(PPI)筛选出关键蛋白。将Metascape数据库和微生信云平台筛选得到的共同靶点基因进行京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)与基因本体(GO)通路富集分析,再通过KEGG数据库画出KEGG信号通路图。结果筛选得到牡丹皮、栀子与抑郁症有关的15个活性成分、138个对应靶点;PPI网络涉及138个节点,1648条边;GO富集主要涉及对氧气水平反应、细胞膜筏、DNA结合转录因子活性的调节。KEGG富集气泡图显示与癌症通路、脂质与动脉粥样硬化通路、PI3K-Akt信号通路等相关通路有关。结论通过网络药理学可以分析出牡丹皮、栀子在治疗抑郁症方面的有效化合物和关键通路等,为牡丹皮、栀子治疗抑郁症的临床研究提供了理论依据。

^(60)Co-γ射线辐照灭菌对牡丹皮质量影响的多元评价研究

为考察^(60)Co-γ射线辐照灭菌对牡丹皮质量的影响,本研究采用不同吸收剂量(0、5、10、20、30 kGy)^(60)Co-γ射线辐照处理试验样品,比较辐照前后样品微生物负载变化、高效液相色谱(HPLC)指纹图谱相似度、水提物抑菌活性的变化,并建立牡丹皮近红外光谱一致性评价模型。结果表明,当吸收剂量为5 kGy时即可让微生物负载超标样品中的需氧菌总数、霉菌和酵母菌总数及耐胆盐革兰阴性菌数量降至标准规定(《美国药典》USP-NF2023)以下;随着吸收剂量的增加,牡丹皮样品指纹图谱相似度呈下降趋势;辐照后样品水提物对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈直径与未辐照相比无显著差异(P>0.05);采用近红外光谱一致性评价模型能够较好地区分辐照与未辐照样品。鉴于不适宜的^(60)Co-γ射线辐照剂量可能会对牡丹皮质量造成一定影响,建议牡丹皮的辐照吸收剂量不超过5 kGy。本研究结果可为牡丹皮辐照灭菌吸收剂量的选取提供参考依据。

牡丹皮对肾综合征出血热并发症急性肾功能衰竭作用机制的探讨

目的基于网络药理学和分子对接方法探讨牡丹皮对肾综合征出血热(HFRS)并发症急性肾功能衰竭(ARF)的作用机制。方法通过TCMSP数据库对牡丹皮的活性成分和作用靶点进行筛选;应用GeneCards数据库平台预测HFRS和ARF疾病作用靶点;运用Venny 2.1.0对牡丹皮、HFRS和ARF的靶点取交集;交集基因导入David数据库进行GO分析和KEGG通路富集分析;运用Cytoscape软件构建牡丹皮、HFRS和ARF的“成分-靶点-通路”网络图;采用STRING数据库构建PPI网络,并应用Cytoscape软件进行拓扑分析;利用AutoDock软件进行分子对接验证。结果从牡丹皮中筛选出11个活性成分,作用靶点169个,其中与HFRS和ARF的交集靶点109个。GO分析显示,生物过程(BP)主要与药物的反应、基因表达的正调节、凋亡过程的负调控和转录的正调控相关。KEGG通路富集以AGE-RAGE信号通路、癌症通路和脂质与动脉粥样硬化为主。分子对接结果表明,核心靶点AKT1、IL6、TNF、TP53和VEGFA与槲皮素、山奈酚能形成稳定结构。结论牡丹皮AKT1、IL6、TNF、TP53和VEGFA等核心靶点,通过调控AGE-RAGE信号通路、癌症通路、脂质与动脉粥样硬化,对HFRS严重并发症ARF发挥治疗作用。

牡丹皮-赤芍药对治疗川崎病作用机制的网络药理学研究

目的:基于网络药理学的方法探讨了治疗川崎病的常用药对牡丹皮-赤芍发挥作用的潜在机理。方法:用TCMSP数据库对牡丹皮-赤芍药对的有效成分和相关靶点进行检索筛选,基于GeneCards和OMIM数据库搜索川崎病有关靶点,通过Venny工具分析牡丹皮-赤芍药对治疗川崎病的交集靶点。共有靶点经STRING数据库与Cytoscape3.7.2软件构建PPI网络图,使用R语言分析GO功能和KEGG富集情况,经分子对接技术评价关键靶点与主要成分的结合力。结果:筛出牡丹皮-赤芍药对36个活性成分,243个潜在靶点,川崎病相关靶点1619个,活性成分-疾病共同靶点100个。PPI网络中核心靶点主要涉及MYC、HIF1A、AKT1、JUN等。GO功能分析获取GOBP条目1883条,GOCC条目40条,GOMF条目147条;KEGG富集得到168条信号通路,靶点集中在AGE-RAGE信号通路、IL-17信号通路和TNF信号通路等。分子对接结果中,槲皮素、山柰酚与JUN、AKT1、CASP3具有较好的结合能力。结论:牡丹皮-赤芍药对通过细胞氧化应激反应和血管内皮生长因子等生物过程,经多成分、多靶标、多通路作用于川崎病进行治疗。

牡丹皮炭与黄芩炭炮制工艺研究

目的:探究牡丹皮炭与黄芩炭的最佳炮制工艺,为工业化生产提供参考依据。方法:采用正交实验,对牡丹皮炭设置三因素五水平(L_(25)(5^(3)));黄芩炭设置三因素三水平(L_(9)(3^(3))),经正交实验所得的样品利用高效液相色谱法进行含量测定、浸出物测定,并对相应的性状进行评价。结果:牡丹皮炭的最佳炮制工艺为260 s、1 600 W、200 g;黄芩炭的最佳炮制工艺为220 s、1 600 W、150 g。结论:在最佳炮制工艺条件下,牡丹皮炭与黄芩炭浸出物含量显著升高,且浸出物含量与饮片性状密切相关。

基于低场核磁共振和物性分析技术的牡丹皮饮片干燥特性及动力学研究

目的:量化表征牡丹皮饮片干燥过程的水分、物性变化,为阐明牡丹皮饮片干燥机制、优化干燥工艺提供科学依据。方法:构建牡丹皮饮片干燥特性曲线,研究其干燥动力学特征;采用低场核磁共振及其成像技术(LF-NMR/MRI)和物性分析技术,分别研究牡丹皮干燥过程中的水分相态、分布迁移变化和物性特性变化;采用HPLC法考察牡丹皮饮片干燥过程中指标成分丹皮酚和芍药苷的质量分数变化。结果:55℃干燥时,牡丹皮饮片具有恒速干燥阶段和降速干燥阶段,需干燥5 h。LF-NMR/MRI结果显示,干燥过程中,水分由外向内散失;水分相态发生显著变化,结合水比例先大幅度增长后小幅度下降;干燥2 h后,检测不到牡丹皮水分成像信息。各物性指标随着干燥时间的延长而变大,前2 h内随干燥时间变化不明显,2 h后变化显著。干燥5 h内,牡丹皮饮片芍药苷、丹皮酚质量分数无明显变化。结论:干燥动力学、低场核磁共振和物性分析技术可直观量化表征牡丹皮饮片干燥过程,为阐明牡丹皮饮片干燥机制、优化干燥工艺提供理论依据。

高效液相法同时测定市售牡丹皮配方颗粒中四种活性成分的含量

目的建立同时测定牡丹皮配方颗粒中4种活性成分(没食子酸、儿茶素、芍药苷、丹皮酚)含量的方法,并对山东省内市售的22批牡丹皮配方颗粒的4种活性成分的含量进行测定,分析不同提取工艺对活性成分含量的影响。方法采用Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18柱,以乙腈-0.2%磷酸溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速1.0 ml/min,检测波长230 nm,柱温:35℃,进样量:10μl。结果没食子酸、儿茶素、芍药苷、丹皮酚分别在1.07~107.34μg/ml(R^(2)=0.999)、1.08~108.12μg/ml(R^(2)=0.998)、1.01~101.14μg/ml(R^(2)=0.999)、1.04~104.24μg/ml(R^(2)=0.999)范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系;平均回收率分别为95.26%、94.66%、95.54%,95.57%,RSD分别为0.2%、0.5%、0.2%、0.3%。测定市售的22批样品,没食子酸、儿茶素、芍药苷和丹皮酚的含量分别为6.028~21.996 mg/g、0.032~0.209 mg/g、11.147~26.269 mg/g、0.215~11.499 mg/g。结论该含量测定方法快速、简单,可为规范和控制牡丹皮配方颗粒质量提供科学方法和依据。

牡丹皮提取物除草活性初步研究

为明确牡丹皮(Cortex Moutan Radicis)的除草活性并初步探索其活性成分分离条件,采用平皿法、土壤喷雾法及茎叶喷雾法测定了牡丹皮不同极性溶剂萃取物对反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus和稗Echinochloa crus-galli的除草活性。平皿法测定结果显示,在1 mg/mL浓度下,牡丹皮正丁醇萃取物的除草活性最强,对反枝苋幼根和幼茎的抑制率分别为67.88%和65.71%,对稗草幼根和幼茎的抑制率分别为68.72%和71.32%;毒力测定结果表明,牡丹皮正丁醇萃取物对反枝苋幼根和幼茎的IC50分别为12.28 mg/L和19.67 mg/L,对稗草幼根和幼茎的IC50分别为43.35 mg/L和72.79 mg/L。土壤喷雾法和茎叶喷雾法测定结果显示,在5 mg/mL浓度下,牡丹皮正丁醇萃取物对反枝苋和稗草的鲜重抑制率最高,其中土壤喷雾法对反枝苋和稗草的鲜重抑制率分别为81.43%和83.18%;茎叶喷雾法对两种杂草的鲜重抑制率分别为80.83%和83.65%。由此可见,牡丹皮的除草活性成分主要集中在正丁醇萃取物中,值得进一步研究。

不同产地牡丹皮薄层鉴别及丹皮酚含量测定

目的:高效液相色谱法测定安徽、河南、山东产地牡丹皮中丹皮酚含量,薄层色谱鉴别不同产地牡丹皮药材。方法:采用G型薄层层析硅胶薄层板,以环己烷-乙酸乙酯-冰醋酸(4∶1∶0.1)为展开剂,喷以2%香草酸硫酸乙醇溶液显色;采用喆分C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5μm),流动相为甲醇-水(45∶55 V/V)洗脱,流速为1.0 mL·min^(-1),检测波长为274 nm,柱温为30℃,进样体积为10μL。结果:21批次牡丹皮药材薄层鉴别斑点显色清晰,丹皮酚含量的范围为2.7%~2.9%,均高于药典标准,其中山东省丹皮酚含量最高。结论:山东、河南、安徽种植的牡丹皮质量好,品相佳,不同批次间差异小,品质均匀稳定。

基于网络药理学和分子对接研究牡丹皮-丹参药对治疗银屑病的作用机制

目的:本文借助计算机网络药理学和分子对接技术预测牡丹皮、丹参治疗银屑病的潜在分子作用机制。方法:首先将中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)、GeneCards、在线人类孟德尔遗传数据库(OMIM)平台筛选到的疾病和药对成分靶点取交集,获得交集靶点后进行基因本体(GO)、京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析,利用Cytoscape 3.8.2构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络和“成分-靶点-通路”图,最后使用Schrodinger Maestro 11.8进行分子对接试验。结果:共得到牡丹皮、丹参治疗银屑病的活性成分58个和靶点95个,主要参与脂多糖应答、炎症反应、营养水平、氧化应激等方面的生物过程,调控白细胞介素-17(IL-17)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)、辅助性T17(Th17)细胞分化、缺氧诱导因子-1(HIF-1)等信号通路。分子对接结果证实主要活性成分和核心靶点亲和力高。结论:牡丹皮-丹参配伍可从多成分、多靶点、多通路治疗银屑病。

市售牡丹皮配方颗粒质量评价与分析

目的:全面评价市售牡丹皮配方颗粒质量。方法:按照市售牡丹皮配方颗粒质量控制执行标准及山东省现行药品质量标准,对全省16个地市收集的40批次牡丹皮配方颗粒样品进行检验,同时采用化学计量学等方法对结果进行分析,以评价牡丹皮配方颗粒质量状况。结果:40批次牡丹皮配方颗粒的性状、薄层色谱鉴别、特征图谱等项目均符合各标准规定;40批次牡丹皮配方颗粒中仅1批粒度超过8%,其余均在0.3%~4.2%,水分检测结果为1.8%~6.1%,浸出物检测结果为22.3%~68.8%;含量测定结果均符合各标准项下规定。探索性研究结果表明,不同企业生产的牡丹皮配方颗粒芍药苷、丹皮酚含量检测结果差异较大;化学计量学分析结果表明企业间产品质量存在差异,另发现牡丹皮配方颗粒所使用原料存在硫熏风险。结论:市售牡丹皮配方颗粒整体质量较好,建议建立统一、科学、合理的牡丹皮配方颗粒国家质量标准,持续优化生产工艺及加强质量监管。

“知母-牡丹皮”治疗系统性红斑狼疮作用机制探讨

目的:采用网络药理学和分子对接探讨“知母-牡丹皮”治疗系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)的关键靶点及分子机制。方法:利用TCMSP数据库查找知母-牡丹皮中药物所含有的化学成分,通过GeneCards、OMIM、TTD、DrugBank和DisGeNET数据库检索SLE疾病的相应靶点,将药物与疾病的基因映射得到知母-牡丹皮治疗SLE的目标靶点;采用Cytoscape软件筛选核心靶点,构建知母-牡丹皮“中药—有效成分—靶点”网络。将交集靶点导入Metascape数据库进行GO、KEGG富集分析,利用Auto Dock Tools软件进行分子对接。结果:共得到出知母-牡丹皮16个活性成分,预测193个对应靶点,与SLE的3224个疾病靶点共有的靶点为127个,主要有效化合物为槲皮素、山柰酚、淫羊藿苷元、豆甾醇和薯蓣皂苷元等;目标靶点为AKT1、TNF、IL-6、VEGFA、TP53。KEGG共获得194条富集结果,GO共获得1877条。分子对接结果表明主要有效成分可以和目标靶点结合,结合构象稳定。结论:通过网络药理学验证了知母-牡丹皮多成分、多靶点、综合作用的特点,推测了知母-牡丹皮在SLE治疗中的可能作用机制,为其进一步研究提供理论依据。

牡丹皮配方颗粒生产过程中4种指标性成分含量变化研究

目的:测定牡丹皮配方颗粒生产过程中4种指标性成分(没食子酸、儿茶素、芍药苷、丹皮酚)含量的变化,为其生产工艺和质量控制提供实验依据。方法:采用Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)柱,以乙腈-0.2%磷酸溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL·min^(-1),检测波长230 nm,对生产过程各阶段中4种指标成分含量进行监测。结果:没食子酸、儿茶素、芍药苷、丹皮酚的线性范围分别为1.07~107.34μg·mL^(-1)、1.08~108.12μg·mL^(-1)、1.01~101.14μg·mL^(-1)、1.04~104.24μg·mL^(-1),相关系数r均大于0.995;不同生产工艺对儿茶素及丹皮酚的含量影响较大。结论:该方法快速、简便、准确,能快速准确测定牡丹皮配方颗粒生产过程中4种指标成分的含量,为牡丹皮配方颗粒质量控制提供依据。