In keeping with a view that is explicitly formulated by Aristotle in his Motion of Animals, general kinetic principles must be specified according to the different types of movable entities existing in the universe. A...In keeping with a view that is explicitly formulated by Aristotle in his Motion of Animals, general kinetic principles must be specified according to the different types of movable entities existing in the universe. At issue, essentially, are the motions of the stars and the motions of animals. Whereas the cosmological immovable mover is the object of two complementary analyses （in Bk. Ⅷ of Physics and in Chs. 6 and 7 of Bk. Ⅻ of Metaphysics）, information on the immovability of the first mover responsible for animal motion is to be found in the psychological and psycho-physiological treatises （On the Soul, in Bk. Ⅰ, Chs. 3 and 4, and in Bk. Ⅲ, Ch. 10 and in Ch. 6 of the Motion of Animals）. But it is also found in Ch. 7, Bk. Ⅻ of the Metaphysics, in the very context of the argument concerning the absolutely first immovable mover of the world. This suggests that the two types of motion, that of the stars and that of animals, however distinct the arguments about them are, rest on a single scheme, and maybe even on a common principle. This is liable to surprise us, as much as stars and animals appear to us to belong to heterogeneous orders of reality. But the situation is different for Aristotle, who, as attentive as he is to differences, tends nonetheless to conceive the stars as living things of a particular kind. This fact is the source of a series of difficulties that Aristotle generously left for his many commentators to solve. Aim of this text, which was initially directed to a larger audience, is to set some of these complex issues in both simple and up to date terms.展开更多
In an exhibition area of the World Economic Forum's (WEF) Annual Meeti ng of the New Cham pions in China's northeastern coastal city of Dalian, a robot was performing a surgical operation on a rose. The volunt...In an exhibition area of the World Economic Forum's (WEF) Annual Meeti ng of the New Cham pions in China's northeastern coastal city of Dalian, a robot was performing a surgical operation on a rose. The volunteers in the booth invited visitors to have a go at running the machine, which was developed by U.S. company Intuitive Surgical and has been used in 6 million successful surgeries worldwide. Over 110,000 of these were done in China, which has around 80 such robots in use in hospitals.展开更多
针对基于EMD(Earth Mover's Distance)的文档语义相似性算法不满足度量公理因而难以在信息检索与数据挖掘中推广应用的问题,该文提出了一种新的基于EMD的文档语义相似性度量——..Mdss_EMD(Metric for document semantic similarity...针对基于EMD(Earth Mover's Distance)的文档语义相似性算法不满足度量公理因而难以在信息检索与数据挖掘中推广应用的问题,该文提出了一种新的基于EMD的文档语义相似性度量——..Mdss_EMD(Metric for document semantic similarity based EMD)。首先在分析EMD及现有改进方法缺陷的基础上,给出了文档宽度、虚拟项的概念;随后通过增加虚拟项来对齐文档矢量的总权值,使所有度量公理得到满足;最后,为提高该度量的适应能力及处理速度,还实现了虚拟项相似距离的弹性设计并对EMD算法进行了简化。该方法把EMD扩展到度量空间中来,很大程度上提高了EMD的索引能力与精度,初步实验表明,Mdss_EMD的整体性能优于原EMD及现有其它类似方法。展开更多
目的：探讨配对二项资料两组率差置信区间的估计方法,并从中进行优选推荐。方法：按照方差估计反推（method of variance of estimates recovery,MOVER）原理,将两配对组率的关联Ф系数与单组率的置信区间进行组合,构建两组率差的置信...目的：探讨配对二项资料两组率差置信区间的估计方法,并从中进行优选推荐。方法：按照方差估计反推（method of variance of estimates recovery,MOVER）原理,将两配对组率的关联Ф系数与单组率的置信区间进行组合,构建两组率差的置信区间估计方法。其中,单组率置信区间估计分别采用Wilson计分法、Agresti-Coull法（AC法）、Jeffreys法和Clopper-Pearson精确法（CP法）。借助Monte Carlo模拟实验比较不同方法的统计学性能,在不同参数设定下进行I类错误率和把握度的模拟实验：（1）设定两组率关联Ф系数为0、0.2、0.4、0.6,样本量为20、60、100,分别模拟不同率水平下各方法的I类错误率,判定其模拟I类错误率是否接近事先定义的检验水平。（2）设定关联Ф系数为0.3,两组率差为10%,分别模拟不同率水平下各方法不同样本含量下的把握度（power）变化趋势。结果：在基于单组置信区间组合估计的几种MOVER方法中,MOVER Wilson计分法、MOVER Jeffreys法的I类错误率更接近事先设定的水平,尤其是在靠近0和100%两端时,MOVER Jeffreys法的I类错误率更优;除MOVER CP法,其他3种方法的把握度接近。结论：对于配对二项资料两组率差的置信区间估计,一般情况下（两组率在20%~80%范围内）,可选择MOVER Wilson计分法或MOVER Jeffreys法;当两组率靠近两端时,推荐使用MOVER Jeffreys法。展开更多
The number of mobile application services is showing an explosive growth trend,which makes it difficult for users to determine which ones are of interest.Especially,the new mobile application services are emerge conti...The number of mobile application services is showing an explosive growth trend,which makes it difficult for users to determine which ones are of interest.Especially,the new mobile application services are emerge continuously,most of them have not be rated when they need to be recommended to users.This is the typical problem of cold start in the field of collaborative filtering recommendation.This problem may makes it difficult for users to locate and acquire the services that they actually want,and the accuracy and novelty of service recommendations are also difficult to satisfy users.To solve this problem,a hybrid recommendation method for mobile application services based on content feature extraction is proposed in this paper.First,the proposed method in this paper extracts service content features through Natural Language Processing technologies such as word segmentation,part-of-speech tagging,and dependency parsing.It improves the accuracy of describing service attributes and the rationality of the method of calculating service similarity.Then,a language representation model called Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers(BERT)is used to vectorize the content feature text,and an improved weighted word mover’s distance algorithm based on Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency(TFIDF-WMD)is used to calculate the similarity of mobile application services.Finally,the recommendation process is completed by combining the item-based collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm.The experimental results show that by using the proposed hybrid recommendation method presented in this paper,the cold start problem is alleviated to a certain extent,and the accuracy of the recommendation result has been significantly improved.展开更多
Since the end of the Cold War,major powers have avoided direct military confrontation,wary of the devastating consequences of nuclear warfare.Yet the arms race and regional conflicts remain important forms of power co...Since the end of the Cold War,major powers have avoided direct military confrontation,wary of the devastating consequences of nuclear warfare.Yet the arms race and regional conflicts remain important forms of power competition.Nonetheless,in the era of globalization,rapid advancements in new technologies and industries have eclipsed the utility of geopolitical maneuvers and military competition.In today’s world,the great power competition goes beyond the arms race and GDP aggregates.What matters more is the race to innovate and apply new technologies through a complete range of industrial sectors.In a world where technology has a controlling influence,industrial security has become the linchpin of national security.As globalization reshapes the world’s industrial landscape,a country’s economic influence,military might and national security depend increasingly on its industrial structure.National security is contingent upon industrial strength.In the era of globalization,industrial policy,cutting-edge technologies and market size are dominant factors influencing a country’s competitive position.The essence of the great power competition are industrial policies that fully unlock a country’s industrial potential and implementation of the policies.展开更多
Behavior targeting(BT)based on individual web-browsing history has become more valuable in precision marketing for many companies through capturing users’interest and preference.It is common in practice that the beha...Behavior targeting(BT)based on individual web-browsing history has become more valuable in precision marketing for many companies through capturing users’interest and preference.It is common in practice that the behavior data collected from different online shopping applications are inconsistent since they are labelled by different item taxonomy,where the same behavior could have different representations and therefore analysis confusion arises.To address this issue,we propose a semantic similarity based strategy to transform the heterogeneous behavior extracted from deep packet inspection(DPI)data of a telecommunication operator into a unique standard one.The Word Mover’s Distance algorithm is exploited to evaluate the semantic similarity of the distributed representations of two web-browsing histories.Moreover,the architecture of the behavior targeting platform on Hadoop is implemented,which is capable of processing data with size of PB level every day.展开更多
This paper proposes a cableless in-piping magnetic actuator that exhibits a very high-speed locomotion into inner pipe of 8 mm. The cableless magnetic actuator is moved according to the vibration amplitude and resonan...This paper proposes a cableless in-piping magnetic actuator that exhibits a very high-speed locomotion into inner pipe of 8 mm. The cableless magnetic actuator is moved according to the vibration amplitude and resonance energy of a mass-spring system excited by using an electromagnetic force. The iron core size of the bobbin type electromagnet was roughly designed by computer simulation and then optimized experimentally. The proposed actuator incorporates an electrical inverter that directly transforms DC from button batteries into AC. The electrical DC-AC inverter incorporates a mass-spring system, a reed switch and a curved permanent magnet that switch under an electromagnetic force. The duty ratio is changed into this electrical inverter by changing the position of the curved magnet and the reed switch. Experimental result demonstrates that the cableless magnetic actuator was able to move horizontally at 471 m, and horizontal speed at 327 mm/s when Maxell SR621W silver-oxide button batteries were used.展开更多
The statute recommendation problem is a sub problem of the automated decision system, which can help the legal staff to deal with the process of the case in an intelligent and automated way. In this paper, an improved...The statute recommendation problem is a sub problem of the automated decision system, which can help the legal staff to deal with the process of the case in an intelligent and automated way. In this paper, an improved common word similarity algorithm is proposed for normalization. Meanwhile, word mover’s distance (WMD) algorithm was applied to the similarity measurement and statute recommendation problem, and the problem scene which was originally used for classification was extended. Finally, a variety of recommendation strategies different from traditional collaborative filtering methods were proposed. The experimental results show that it achieves the best value of Fmeasure reaching 0.799. And the comparative experiment shows that WMD algorithm can achieve better results than TF-IDF and LDA algorithm.展开更多
文摘In keeping with a view that is explicitly formulated by Aristotle in his Motion of Animals, general kinetic principles must be specified according to the different types of movable entities existing in the universe. At issue, essentially, are the motions of the stars and the motions of animals. Whereas the cosmological immovable mover is the object of two complementary analyses （in Bk. Ⅷ of Physics and in Chs. 6 and 7 of Bk. Ⅻ of Metaphysics）, information on the immovability of the first mover responsible for animal motion is to be found in the psychological and psycho-physiological treatises （On the Soul, in Bk. Ⅰ, Chs. 3 and 4, and in Bk. Ⅲ, Ch. 10 and in Ch. 6 of the Motion of Animals）. But it is also found in Ch. 7, Bk. Ⅻ of the Metaphysics, in the very context of the argument concerning the absolutely first immovable mover of the world. This suggests that the two types of motion, that of the stars and that of animals, however distinct the arguments about them are, rest on a single scheme, and maybe even on a common principle. This is liable to surprise us, as much as stars and animals appear to us to belong to heterogeneous orders of reality. But the situation is different for Aristotle, who, as attentive as he is to differences, tends nonetheless to conceive the stars as living things of a particular kind. This fact is the source of a series of difficulties that Aristotle generously left for his many commentators to solve. Aim of this text, which was initially directed to a larger audience, is to set some of these complex issues in both simple and up to date terms.
文摘In an exhibition area of the World Economic Forum's (WEF) Annual Meeti ng of the New Cham pions in China's northeastern coastal city of Dalian, a robot was performing a surgical operation on a rose. The volunteers in the booth invited visitors to have a go at running the machine, which was developed by U.S. company Intuitive Surgical and has been used in 6 million successful surgeries worldwide. Over 110,000 of these were done in China, which has around 80 such robots in use in hospitals.
文摘针对基于EMD(Earth Mover's Distance)的文档语义相似性算法不满足度量公理因而难以在信息检索与数据挖掘中推广应用的问题,该文提出了一种新的基于EMD的文档语义相似性度量——..Mdss_EMD(Metric for document semantic similarity based EMD)。首先在分析EMD及现有改进方法缺陷的基础上,给出了文档宽度、虚拟项的概念;随后通过增加虚拟项来对齐文档矢量的总权值,使所有度量公理得到满足;最后,为提高该度量的适应能力及处理速度,还实现了虚拟项相似距离的弹性设计并对EMD算法进行了简化。该方法把EMD扩展到度量空间中来,很大程度上提高了EMD的索引能力与精度,初步实验表明,Mdss_EMD的整体性能优于原EMD及现有其它类似方法。
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation,China(No.62172123)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China(No.LBH-Z19067)+1 种基金the special projects for the central government to guide the development of local science and technology,China(No.ZY20B11)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China(No.QC2018081).
文摘The number of mobile application services is showing an explosive growth trend,which makes it difficult for users to determine which ones are of interest.Especially,the new mobile application services are emerge continuously,most of them have not be rated when they need to be recommended to users.This is the typical problem of cold start in the field of collaborative filtering recommendation.This problem may makes it difficult for users to locate and acquire the services that they actually want,and the accuracy and novelty of service recommendations are also difficult to satisfy users.To solve this problem,a hybrid recommendation method for mobile application services based on content feature extraction is proposed in this paper.First,the proposed method in this paper extracts service content features through Natural Language Processing technologies such as word segmentation,part-of-speech tagging,and dependency parsing.It improves the accuracy of describing service attributes and the rationality of the method of calculating service similarity.Then,a language representation model called Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers(BERT)is used to vectorize the content feature text,and an improved weighted word mover’s distance algorithm based on Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency(TFIDF-WMD)is used to calculate the similarity of mobile application services.Finally,the recommendation process is completed by combining the item-based collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm.The experimental results show that by using the proposed hybrid recommendation method presented in this paper,the cold start problem is alleviated to a certain extent,and the accuracy of the recommendation result has been significantly improved.
文摘Since the end of the Cold War,major powers have avoided direct military confrontation,wary of the devastating consequences of nuclear warfare.Yet the arms race and regional conflicts remain important forms of power competition.Nonetheless,in the era of globalization,rapid advancements in new technologies and industries have eclipsed the utility of geopolitical maneuvers and military competition.In today’s world,the great power competition goes beyond the arms race and GDP aggregates.What matters more is the race to innovate and apply new technologies through a complete range of industrial sectors.In a world where technology has a controlling influence,industrial security has become the linchpin of national security.As globalization reshapes the world’s industrial landscape,a country’s economic influence,military might and national security depend increasingly on its industrial structure.National security is contingent upon industrial strength.In the era of globalization,industrial policy,cutting-edge technologies and market size are dominant factors influencing a country’s competitive position.The essence of the great power competition are industrial policies that fully unlock a country’s industrial potential and implementation of the policies.
基金Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,ChinaChina Telecom for cooperation and support for this paper
文摘Behavior targeting(BT)based on individual web-browsing history has become more valuable in precision marketing for many companies through capturing users’interest and preference.It is common in practice that the behavior data collected from different online shopping applications are inconsistent since they are labelled by different item taxonomy,where the same behavior could have different representations and therefore analysis confusion arises.To address this issue,we propose a semantic similarity based strategy to transform the heterogeneous behavior extracted from deep packet inspection(DPI)data of a telecommunication operator into a unique standard one.The Word Mover’s Distance algorithm is exploited to evaluate the semantic similarity of the distributed representations of two web-browsing histories.Moreover,the architecture of the behavior targeting platform on Hadoop is implemented,which is capable of processing data with size of PB level every day.
文摘This paper proposes a cableless in-piping magnetic actuator that exhibits a very high-speed locomotion into inner pipe of 8 mm. The cableless magnetic actuator is moved according to the vibration amplitude and resonance energy of a mass-spring system excited by using an electromagnetic force. The iron core size of the bobbin type electromagnet was roughly designed by computer simulation and then optimized experimentally. The proposed actuator incorporates an electrical inverter that directly transforms DC from button batteries into AC. The electrical DC-AC inverter incorporates a mass-spring system, a reed switch and a curved permanent magnet that switch under an electromagnetic force. The duty ratio is changed into this electrical inverter by changing the position of the curved magnet and the reed switch. Experimental result demonstrates that the cableless magnetic actuator was able to move horizontally at 471 m, and horizontal speed at 327 mm/s when Maxell SR621W silver-oxide button batteries were used.
文摘The statute recommendation problem is a sub problem of the automated decision system, which can help the legal staff to deal with the process of the case in an intelligent and automated way. In this paper, an improved common word similarity algorithm is proposed for normalization. Meanwhile, word mover’s distance (WMD) algorithm was applied to the similarity measurement and statute recommendation problem, and the problem scene which was originally used for classification was extended. Finally, a variety of recommendation strategies different from traditional collaborative filtering methods were proposed. The experimental results show that it achieves the best value of Fmeasure reaching 0.799. And the comparative experiment shows that WMD algorithm can achieve better results than TF-IDF and LDA algorithm.
