Cystic fibrosis is a life-threatening, wide spread genetic disease diagnosed in 1 to 3000 livebirths of the Caucasian population. Here a mouse model for this disease is described and optimized using the CFTR-channel s...Cystic fibrosis is a life-threatening, wide spread genetic disease diagnosed in 1 to 3000 livebirths of the Caucasian population. Here a mouse model for this disease is described and optimized using the CFTR-channel selective inhibitor CFTR(inh 172). The target parameter was mucociliary clearance measured using microdialysis of the transported fluorescent dye rhodamine in the mouse trachea in situ. The impact of Ap4A (diadenosine tetraphosphate) as a potential drug was investigated. Its inhalation was effective at low concentrations;established compounds such as Salbutamol and UTP increased mucociliary clearance as well. Our data show a functioning model of cystic fibrosis and the effectiveness of the newly tested Ap4A.展开更多
Nasal irrigation is often recommended as an adjuctive therapy for treating many sinonasal conditions.It provides mechanical cleansing of mucus,crust,cell debris and various air contaminants.The study was done to analy...Nasal irrigation is often recommended as an adjuctive therapy for treating many sinonasal conditions.It provides mechanical cleansing of mucus,crust,cell debris and various air contaminants.The study was done to analyze the effect of nasal irrigation on change of nasal mucociliary transport time,in active smokers.This study was experimental using pre and post test controlled group design.Samples were divided into two groups;treatment and control group.The mucociliary transport time were tested with saccharin method for two times;before and fourteen days after treatment.On the day fourteen after nasal irrigation there was a significant decreased of the mucociliary transport time than before(p=0,000).In the control group on second measurement was significantly longer compared to the first measurement(p=0,003).In the comparison of mucociliary transport time change between treatment group and control group was found significant differences(p=0,000).展开更多
Background:Mucociliary clearance is an important defense mechanism in human upper and lower respiratory airways.Impairment of this process by certain conditions such as cigarette smoking can predispose to chronic infe...Background:Mucociliary clearance is an important defense mechanism in human upper and lower respiratory airways.Impairment of this process by certain conditions such as cigarette smoking can predispose to chronic infection and neoplasm of the nose and paranasal sinuses.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Kano metropolis,Nigeria.Eligible adults were enrolled,a saccharine test was conducted,and the nasal mucociliary clearance time was assessed.Analysis of the result was carried out using Statistical Product and Service Solutions version 23.0.Results:There were 225 participants categorized into 75 active smokers(33.3%),74 passive smokers(32.9%),and 76 nonsmokers(33.8%,living in a smoking-free zone).The age range of the participants was between 18 and 50 years,with a mean age of(31.2±5.6)years.All participants were males.There were 139(61.8%)of Hausa-Fulani ethnic group,24(10.7%)Yoruba,18(8.0%)Igbo,and 44(19.5%)other ethnic groups.Findings in this study showed that the average mucociliary clearance time among active smokers was prolonged([15.25±6.20]min)compared to passive([11.41±4.25]min)and nonsmokers([9.17±2.76]min)respectively,with a statistical significance(F=33.59,P<0.001).Binary logistic regression revealed that the number of cigarettes smoked per day was an independent predictor of prolonged mucociliary clearance time(P=0.008,odds ratio=0.44,95%confidence interval=0.24–0.80).Conclusion:Active cigarette smoking is associated with prolonged nasal mucociliary clearance time.The number of cigarette sticks smoked per day was found to be an independent predictor of prolonged mucociliary clearance time.展开更多
To study the influence of the nasal mucociliary system on intranasal drug administration and ways of reducing its influence on nasal absorption Methods Rabbit nasopharynx was closed to stop mucociliary function in...To study the influence of the nasal mucociliary system on intranasal drug administration and ways of reducing its influence on nasal absorption Methods Rabbit nasopharynx was closed to stop mucociliary function in one group In the other group, rabbits maintained their mucociliary function Both groups were given a nasal drip of gentamycin and the serum levels were measured from 0 to 180 minutes after drug administration To reduce the undesirable effects of the nasal mucociliary system, acetylcysteine was mixed into the gentamycin drops In addition, nasal nebulization was evaluated in human volunteers as a means of increasing absorption of the drug in the non ciliary area of the nasal cavity Results Nasal mucociliary function reduced intranasal absorption of drug and made the highest absorbing rate and area under the curve (AUC) decrease by 25 1% and 18 2%, respectively Both the nasal drip containing acetylcysteine and the nebulizer could promote drug absorption in the nasal mucosa The former made the highest intranasal absorption and AUC increase by 18 0% and 10 7%, respectively The latter made the absorption increase 1 5-1 6 times Conclusion The mucociliary system can decrease intranasal drug absorption Application of acetylcysteine or the use of nebulizer can increase drug absorption展开更多
慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉（chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps,CRSwNP）是耳鼻咽喉科常见疾病,临床主要症状为头痛、鼻塞、流涕,具有病程长、迁延不愈、反复发作的特点,严重影响患者的身心健康和生活质量。随着内镜技术的发展,鼻...慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉（chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps,CRSwNP）是耳鼻咽喉科常见疾病,临床主要症状为头痛、鼻塞、流涕,具有病程长、迁延不愈、反复发作的特点,严重影响患者的身心健康和生活质量。随着内镜技术的发展,鼻内镜手术被逐渐应用于临床,具有创伤小、病灶清除彻底、术后康复快的特点,治疗CRSwNP效果值得肯定[1]。相关研究表明.展开更多
Cystic fibrosis(CF) is a multisystem disorder with significantly shortened life expectancy. The major cause of mortality and morbidity is lung disease with increasing pulmonary exacerbations and decline in lung functi...Cystic fibrosis(CF) is a multisystem disorder with significantly shortened life expectancy. The major cause of mortality and morbidity is lung disease with increasing pulmonary exacerbations and decline in lung function predicting significantly poorer outcomes. The pathogenesis of lung disease in CF is characterised in part by decreased airway surface liquid volume and subsequent failure of normal mucociliary clearance. This leads to accumulation of viscous mucus in the CF airway, providing an ideal environment for bacterial pathogens to grow and colonise, propagating airway inflammation in CF. The use of nebulised hypertonic saline(HTS) treatments has been shown to improve mucus clearance in CF and impact positively upon exacerbations, quality of life, and lung function. Several mechanisms of HTS likely improve outcome, resulting in clinically relevant enhancement in disease parameters related to increase in mucociliary clearance. There is increasing evidence to suggest that HTS is also beneficial through its anti-inflammatory properties and its ability to reduce bacterial activity and biofilm formation. This review will first describe the use of HTS in treatment of CF focusing on its efficacy and tolerability. The emphasis will then change to the potential benefits of aerosolized HTS for the attenuation of receptor mediated neutrophil functions, including down-regulation of oxidative burst activity, adhesion molecule expression, and the suppression of neutrophil degranulation of proteolytic enzymes.展开更多
Objective：To focus on the asthmatic pathogenesis and clinical manifestations related to epithelial sodium channel （ENaC）/chlorine ion channel.Data Sources：The data analyzed in this review were the English articles...Objective：To focus on the asthmatic pathogenesis and clinical manifestations related to epithelial sodium channel （ENaC）/chlorine ion channel.Data Sources：The data analyzed in this review were the English articles from 1980 to 2015 from journal databases,primarily PubMed and Google Scholar.The terms used in the literature search were：（1） ENaCs;cystic fibrosis （CF） transmembrane conductance regulator （CFTR）;asthma/asthmatic,（2） ENaC/sodium salt;CF;asthma/asthmatic,（3） CFTR/chlorine ion channels;asthma/asthmatic,（4） ENaC/sodium channel/scnn1a/scnn1b/scnn1g/scnn1d/amiloride-sensitive/amiloride-inhibtable sodium channels/sodium salt;asthma/asthmatic,lung/pulmonary/respiratory/tracheal/alveolar,and （5） CFTR;CF;asthma/asthmatic （ti）.Study Selection：These studies included randomized controlled trials or studies covering asthma pathogenesis and clinical manifestations related to ENaC/chlorine ion channels within the last 25 years （from 1990 to 2015）.The data involving chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and CF obtained from individual studies were also reviewed by the authors.Results：Airway surface liquid dehydration can cause airway inflammation and obstruction.ENaC and CFTR are closely related to the airway mucociliary clearance.Ion transporters may play a critical role in pathogenesis of asthmatic exacerbations.Conclusions：Ion channels have been the center of many studies aiming to understand asthmatic pathophysiological mechanisms or to identify therapeutic targets for better control of the disease.展开更多
文摘Cystic fibrosis is a life-threatening, wide spread genetic disease diagnosed in 1 to 3000 livebirths of the Caucasian population. Here a mouse model for this disease is described and optimized using the CFTR-channel selective inhibitor CFTR(inh 172). The target parameter was mucociliary clearance measured using microdialysis of the transported fluorescent dye rhodamine in the mouse trachea in situ. The impact of Ap4A (diadenosine tetraphosphate) as a potential drug was investigated. Its inhalation was effective at low concentrations;established compounds such as Salbutamol and UTP increased mucociliary clearance as well. Our data show a functioning model of cystic fibrosis and the effectiveness of the newly tested Ap4A.
文摘Nasal irrigation is often recommended as an adjuctive therapy for treating many sinonasal conditions.It provides mechanical cleansing of mucus,crust,cell debris and various air contaminants.The study was done to analyze the effect of nasal irrigation on change of nasal mucociliary transport time,in active smokers.This study was experimental using pre and post test controlled group design.Samples were divided into two groups;treatment and control group.The mucociliary transport time were tested with saccharin method for two times;before and fourteen days after treatment.On the day fourteen after nasal irrigation there was a significant decreased of the mucociliary transport time than before(p=0,000).In the control group on second measurement was significantly longer compared to the first measurement(p=0,003).In the comparison of mucociliary transport time change between treatment group and control group was found significant differences(p=0,000).
文摘Background:Mucociliary clearance is an important defense mechanism in human upper and lower respiratory airways.Impairment of this process by certain conditions such as cigarette smoking can predispose to chronic infection and neoplasm of the nose and paranasal sinuses.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Kano metropolis,Nigeria.Eligible adults were enrolled,a saccharine test was conducted,and the nasal mucociliary clearance time was assessed.Analysis of the result was carried out using Statistical Product and Service Solutions version 23.0.Results:There were 225 participants categorized into 75 active smokers(33.3%),74 passive smokers(32.9%),and 76 nonsmokers(33.8%,living in a smoking-free zone).The age range of the participants was between 18 and 50 years,with a mean age of(31.2±5.6)years.All participants were males.There were 139(61.8%)of Hausa-Fulani ethnic group,24(10.7%)Yoruba,18(8.0%)Igbo,and 44(19.5%)other ethnic groups.Findings in this study showed that the average mucociliary clearance time among active smokers was prolonged([15.25±6.20]min)compared to passive([11.41±4.25]min)and nonsmokers([9.17±2.76]min)respectively,with a statistical significance(F=33.59,P<0.001).Binary logistic regression revealed that the number of cigarettes smoked per day was an independent predictor of prolonged mucociliary clearance time(P=0.008,odds ratio=0.44,95%confidence interval=0.24–0.80).Conclusion:Active cigarette smoking is associated with prolonged nasal mucociliary clearance time.The number of cigarette sticks smoked per day was found to be an independent predictor of prolonged mucociliary clearance time.
文摘To study the influence of the nasal mucociliary system on intranasal drug administration and ways of reducing its influence on nasal absorption Methods Rabbit nasopharynx was closed to stop mucociliary function in one group In the other group, rabbits maintained their mucociliary function Both groups were given a nasal drip of gentamycin and the serum levels were measured from 0 to 180 minutes after drug administration To reduce the undesirable effects of the nasal mucociliary system, acetylcysteine was mixed into the gentamycin drops In addition, nasal nebulization was evaluated in human volunteers as a means of increasing absorption of the drug in the non ciliary area of the nasal cavity Results Nasal mucociliary function reduced intranasal absorption of drug and made the highest absorbing rate and area under the curve (AUC) decrease by 25 1% and 18 2%, respectively Both the nasal drip containing acetylcysteine and the nebulizer could promote drug absorption in the nasal mucosa The former made the highest intranasal absorption and AUC increase by 18 0% and 10 7%, respectively The latter made the absorption increase 1 5-1 6 times Conclusion The mucociliary system can decrease intranasal drug absorption Application of acetylcysteine or the use of nebulizer can increase drug absorption
文摘慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉（chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps,CRSwNP）是耳鼻咽喉科常见疾病,临床主要症状为头痛、鼻塞、流涕,具有病程长、迁延不愈、反复发作的特点,严重影响患者的身心健康和生活质量。随着内镜技术的发展,鼻内镜手术被逐渐应用于临床,具有创伤小、病灶清除彻底、术后康复快的特点,治疗CRSwNP效果值得肯定[1]。相关研究表明.
基金Supported by The United States Cystic Fibrosis Foundation and Science Foundation Ireland under the Research Frontiers Programme(11/RFP/BMT/3094)
文摘Cystic fibrosis(CF) is a multisystem disorder with significantly shortened life expectancy. The major cause of mortality and morbidity is lung disease with increasing pulmonary exacerbations and decline in lung function predicting significantly poorer outcomes. The pathogenesis of lung disease in CF is characterised in part by decreased airway surface liquid volume and subsequent failure of normal mucociliary clearance. This leads to accumulation of viscous mucus in the CF airway, providing an ideal environment for bacterial pathogens to grow and colonise, propagating airway inflammation in CF. The use of nebulised hypertonic saline(HTS) treatments has been shown to improve mucus clearance in CF and impact positively upon exacerbations, quality of life, and lung function. Several mechanisms of HTS likely improve outcome, resulting in clinically relevant enhancement in disease parameters related to increase in mucociliary clearance. There is increasing evidence to suggest that HTS is also beneficial through its anti-inflammatory properties and its ability to reduce bacterial activity and biofilm formation. This review will first describe the use of HTS in treatment of CF focusing on its efficacy and tolerability. The emphasis will then change to the potential benefits of aerosolized HTS for the attenuation of receptor mediated neutrophil functions, including down-regulation of oxidative burst activity, adhesion molecule expression, and the suppression of neutrophil degranulation of proteolytic enzymes.
基金grants from American Heart Association grant （No. 20130034） and National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 21307158）.
文摘Objective：To focus on the asthmatic pathogenesis and clinical manifestations related to epithelial sodium channel （ENaC）/chlorine ion channel.Data Sources：The data analyzed in this review were the English articles from 1980 to 2015 from journal databases,primarily PubMed and Google Scholar.The terms used in the literature search were：（1） ENaCs;cystic fibrosis （CF） transmembrane conductance regulator （CFTR）;asthma/asthmatic,（2） ENaC/sodium salt;CF;asthma/asthmatic,（3） CFTR/chlorine ion channels;asthma/asthmatic,（4） ENaC/sodium channel/scnn1a/scnn1b/scnn1g/scnn1d/amiloride-sensitive/amiloride-inhibtable sodium channels/sodium salt;asthma/asthmatic,lung/pulmonary/respiratory/tracheal/alveolar,and （5） CFTR;CF;asthma/asthmatic （ti）.Study Selection：These studies included randomized controlled trials or studies covering asthma pathogenesis and clinical manifestations related to ENaC/chlorine ion channels within the last 25 years （from 1990 to 2015）.The data involving chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and CF obtained from individual studies were also reviewed by the authors.Results：Airway surface liquid dehydration can cause airway inflammation and obstruction.ENaC and CFTR are closely related to the airway mucociliary clearance.Ion transporters may play a critical role in pathogenesis of asthmatic exacerbations.Conclusions：Ion channels have been the center of many studies aiming to understand asthmatic pathophysiological mechanisms or to identify therapeutic targets for better control of the disease.
