Analysis of the mechanisms of rabbit's brainstem hemorrhage complicated with irritable changes in the alvine mucous membrane

AIM: To explore the dynamic changes in the pressure of the lateral ventricle during acute brainstem hemorrhage and the changes of neural discharge of vagus nerve under the load of intracranial hypertension, so as to analyze their effects on the congestive degree of intestinal mucous membrane and the morphologic changes of intestinal mucous membrane.METHODS: An operation was made to open the skull to obtain an acute brainstem hemorrhage animal model.Microcirculatory microscope photography device and video recording system were used to determine the changes continuously in the caliber of jejunal mesenteric artery during brainstem hemorrhage and the changes with time in the congestion of jejunal mucosal villi. We used HE stain morphology to analyze the changes of duodenal mucosal villi. A recording electrode was used to calculate and measure the electric discharge activities of cervical vagus nerve.RESULTS: (1) We observed that the pressure of lateral cerebral ventricle increased transiently during acute brainstem hemorrhage; (2) The caliber of the jejunal mesenteric artery increased during brainstem hemorrhage.Analysis of red color coordinate values indicated transient increase in the congestion of jejunal mucous membrane during acute brainstem hemorrhage; (3) Through the analysis of the pathologic slice, we found enlarged blood vessels, stagnant blood, and transudatory red blood cells in the duodenal submucous layer; (4) Electric discharge of vagus nerve increased and sporadic hemorrhage spots occurred in duodenal mucous and submucous layer, when the lateral ventricle was under pressure.CONCLUSION: Brainstem hemorrhage could causeintracranial hypertension, which would increase the neural discharge of vagus nerve and cause the transient congestion of jejunal mucous membrane. It could cause hyperemia and diffused hemorrhage in the duodenal submucous layer 48 h after brainstem hemorrhage.

Dental Stimulation to the Buccal Mucous Membrane Causes Lumbago: A Report of Two Cases

This study aims to demonstrate that harmful stimulation of the buccal mucosa because of a rough tooth surface may cause lumbago. This report illustrates two cases of women in their 30s and 40s who are suffering from lumbago due to unknown causes. The patients are cured by a simple dental procedure in which the buccal surface of a molar is smoothened, thereby inhibiting the negative stimulation of the buccal mucosa. Soon after this treatment, the symptoms of lumbago have subsided. The reason for the effectiveness of this treatment remains unclear. However, the balance dysregulation observed in the patient may have been due to stimulation of the oral mucous membrane by the rough surface of the tooth. It is important for dentists to pay attention to the effects of tooth formation, dental restorations, and dental prosthetics on the entire body. A dental condition may have an effect on diseases affecting other parts of the body;thus a dental treatment may be considered as an option for the management of other systemic disorders. It appears that cooperation between the fields of dentistry and medicine is of utmost importance.

Fabrication and catalytic behavior of hierarchically-structured nylon 6 nanofiber membrane decorated with silver nanoparticles

A hierarchically‐structured nylon 6 (PA6) nanofiber membrane decorated with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) was fabricated by electrospinning and impregnation methods. The as‐fabricated hierarchically‐structured Ag/PA6 nanofiber membrane (HS‐Ag/PA6 NM) exhibits a morphology in which Ag NPs are deposited on the surfaces of both thick fibers and thin fibers. The content and size of theAg NPs can be controlled by varying the concentration of the silver colloid solution. Compared with the non‐hierarchically‐structured Ag/PA6 nanofiber membrane, HS‐Ag/PA6 NM has a higher specificsurface area and exhibits a higher degradation rate for methylene blue of 81.8%–98.1% within2 h. HS‐Ag/PA6 NM can be easily recycled and exhibits good reusability. It retains a degradation rate for methylene blue of 83.5% after five consecutive cycles. The hierarchically‐structured nanofiber membrane is therefore a potential nanocatalyst.

Preparation of porous polyamide 6(PA6)membrane with copper oxide(CuO)nanoparticles selectively localized at the wall of the pores via reactive extrusion

In this study,CuO nanoparticles are pre-modified with styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers(SMAs)of different molecular weights and MAH contents.Then the pre-modified CuO nanoparticles(CuO-SMAs)are added to the PA6/SEBS(Styrene Ethylene Butylene Styrene copolymer)(40/60 wt/wt)polymer blends with a co-continuous morphology.When SMA3(MAH=8 wt%,M_(n)=250000 g/mol)is used to modify CuO nanoparticles,and the grafting degree of SMA3 on the surface of CuO reaches 2.74 wt%,90.71%of the added mCuO-SMA3 nanoparticles can be located at the interface of PA6 and SEBS.A porous PA6 membrane with CuO nanoparticles located at the pore walls can be obtained after the SEBS phase is etched with xylene.The catalytic reaction velocity constant(k)for the reduction of p-nitrophenol in NaBH_(4)solutions with the PA6/mCuO-SMA3 porous membrane can reach 1.0040 min^(-1).This work provides a feasible and straightforward method for the preparation of porous polymer membranes with functional nanoparticles located at the wall of the pores.

直接免疫荧光技术联合组织病理及血清抗体检测应用于黏膜类天疱疮的诊断准确性探究

目的探讨在组织病理学及血清特异性抗体检测基础上,联合直接免疫荧光技术(DIF)对黏膜类天疱疮(MMP)诊断效能的影响。方法纳入MMP患者29例,对照组29例,切取活检组织分别进行苏木精-伊红(HE)及DIF染色,对仅使用组织病理学及血清特异性抗体检测,和联合使用DIF后两种诊断方法进行诊断效能评价,分析多种因素对组织病理学及DIF诊断准确性的影响。结果联合使用DIF后可以提高MMP的诊断敏感度、阴性预测值、诊断符合率和受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线下面积。病程长短对DIF诊断准确性有显著影响,病程越长,DIF诊断准确性越高(P<0.05)。结论DIF联合组织病理学及血清抗体检测可以提高MMP的诊断准确性。对于疑难病例可能需要通过多次、多部位的活检提高DIF对MMP的诊断率。

疏水白炭黑填充PDMS-PA复合膜的渗透汽化性能

在聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)层中引入疏水性气相法白炭黑,制成填充的硅橡胶-聚酰胺(PDMS-PA)多层复合膜;通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察了填充复合膜的截面形态,并考察了填充复合膜的渗透蒸发性能。结果发现,以PDMS层的质量为基准,填充少量的疏水性气相法白炭黑就能显著影响复合膜的渗透性能;填充复合膜的渗透通量随着白炭黑用量的增加而增加,而选择性则没有显著降低。在40℃、乙醇质量分数为5%的乙醇水溶液中,白炭黑质量分数为20%的PDMS-PA复合膜的渗透通量达到2 400 g/m2.h,比非填充复合膜的渗透通量高1倍多;而分离因子为7,稍低于非填充复合膜的8.5。此外,填充复合膜和非填充复合膜的分离性能对温度和浓度变化的依赖关系一致。

微波辐射PAS染色显示声带鳞状细胞癌早期的基底膜改变

目的观察微波辐射PAS染色法显示声带鳞状细胞癌早期基底膜改变的效果。方法对89例声带早期鳞状细胞癌改变的病理切片进行微波辐射PAS染色和传统PAS染色,比较两者显示基底膜的效果,并通过层黏连蛋白的免疫组化EnVision二步法对两种PAS染色结果进行验证。结果两种PAS染色结果与层黏连蛋白的染色结果一致。HE染色怀疑有微小浸润者52例,其中PAS染色显示43例可疑微浸润灶周边基底膜样物质消失或部分缺失,证实有微浸润;9例疑似微浸润灶周边有完整的基底膜着色,证实为上皮脚横切或斜切面造成的假象。另外,微波辐射PAS染色时间为15 min,传统PAS染色时间为56 min,微波辐射PAS染色显示基底膜较传统PAS染色清晰(P<0.001)。结论微波辐射PAS染色显示声带鳞状细胞癌早期改变基底膜的结果可靠,并可显著缩短显示时间,提高传统PAS染色显示基底膜的效果。

静电纺PA 6纳米纤维膜的力学性能研究

利用静电纺丝可形成由纳米级纤维组成的纳米纤维膜,由于该膜孔径小并具有高比表面积和高孔隙率,可用作组织工程支架、传感器感知膜、过滤材料和防护材料等。静电纺纳米纤维膜的力学性能对其适用性和耐用性有重要影响。以PA 6甲酸溶液进行静电纺丝,研究了纺丝液喂入速度和纺丝距离对静电纺PA 6纳米纤维膜力学性能的影响。结果表明:纺丝液喂入速度较低时,形成的纳米纤维膜力学性能差;纺丝距离增大时,纳米纤维膜的断裂强度降低;PA 6溶解于98%甲酸中配制成13%(质量分数)纺丝液,在喷嘴口径0.9 mm、电压30 kV下进行静电纺丝,纺丝液喂入速度在0.2～0.3 ml/h、纺丝距离为8～10 cm时可获得具有良好力学性能的PA 6纳米纤维膜。

PA-130/CA合金膜材料的研制及其性能

采用溶液共混和液-固相转变法(L-S)制备了用于高效液相色谱(HPLC)柱填料的共聚尼龙/醋酸纤维素共混物(PA-130/CA)。以小分子量化合物为探针分子,用HPLC数据表征了PA-130/CA合金膜材料的界面性能,并研究了其合金膜材料的相容性和热稳定性。结果表明:PA-130与CA有很好的相容性;该合金膜的热稳定性比纯CA膜的有所提高;质量比为30/70的PA-130/CA合金膜对不离解极性有机物的分离效率更高。

鼻用中药预防疫病的古今应用与科学内涵

流感、新型冠状病毒感染等呼吸道传染病属于中医学疫病范畴,其重在预防,鼻用中药具有效优价良、安全便携的特点,且经鼻给药可直接、快速激活细胞、体液以及黏膜三重免疫应答。因此,鼻用中药近年来在疫病预防中的应用逐渐增多。通过梳理鼻用中药防疫的中医理论基础及古代应用,总结鼻腔独特的生理结构及鼻用中药防疫的现代临床应用,并从鼻腔黏膜免疫角度阐述鼻用中药防疫的科学内涵及其研究前景,以期丰富疫病预防方法并为鼻用中药未来研发提供新思路。

保生皮肤粘膜消毒液联合人干扰素α2b阴道泡腾片治疗宫颈HPV感染患者的疗效分析

目的 探讨保生皮肤粘膜消毒液联合人干扰素α2b阴道泡腾片在宫颈人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)感染患者中的疗效。方法 目的选取2022年1月—2023年12月间张家港市第一人民医院接诊的宫颈HPV感染患者88例,根据治疗方法不同将患者分成两组。对照组44例患者采取人干扰素α2b阴道泡腾片治疗,观察组44例采取保生皮肤粘膜消毒液联合人干扰素α2b阴道泡腾片治疗。对比两组的治疗总有效率、转阴时间、不良反应率。结果 观察组总有效率为97.73%(43/44),高于对照组的84.09%(37/44),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.950,P<0.05);观察组转阴时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 保生皮肤粘膜消毒液联合人干扰素α2b阴道泡腾片在治疗宫颈HPV感染中的效果更为确切,可促进HPV亚型的转阴。

小剂量t-PA前房注射治疗老年人人工晶状体前膜

目的 评价小剂量组织型纤溶酶原激活剂 (tissue -typeplasminogenactivator,t-PA)治疗老年人术后人工晶状体前机化膜的临床效果及副作用。方法 1 8例 1 8眼在人工晶状体术后 1～ 2周内形成纤维蛋白膜时 ,于前房内注射 4μg/ 0 1mlt-PA。 结果 1 8例中有 1 4眼纤维膜在 1～ 2 4小时内全部溶解 ,4眼部分溶解。角膜内皮细胞密度、大小和形态未见明显变化。结论 术后 1～ 2周内小剂量t-PA前房内注射治疗人工晶状体前膜效果肯定 。

t-PA治疗白内障术后前房内纤维素性渗出

目的 探讨前房内注射组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(tis-sue plasminogen activator,t-PA)治疗白内障摘出人工晶状体植入术后前房内纤维素性渗出的临床效果。方法 20例20眼在白内障摘出人工晶状体植入术后1-3周内形成纤维素渗出膜时,于前房内注射t-PA 10μg。结果 注药后72h,18例前房内纤维素性渗出全部溶解吸收,2例部分溶解。无任何并发症出现。结论 前房内注射t-PA治疗白内障术后前房内纤维素性渗出是一安全、有效的方法。

Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid:diagnosis and systemic management

Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid(OCP)is a subcategory of mucous membrane pemphigoid(MMP)where the conjunctiva is the main site of inflammation.It is a chronic and autoimmune disease characterized by acute and chronic conjunctivitis that can progress to severe conjunctival cicatrization,corneal opacification,ocular surface keratinization,and eyelid abnormalities.OCP can lead to structural damage that can result in visual impairment,visual loss,and blindness,and can have a significant impact in a patient’s quality of life.Patients may manifest with varying symptoms,degrees of severity and may have different rates of progression.Early diagnosis and appropriate systemic immunosuppression are of utmost importance for prompt and adequate disease control.Various systemic immunomodulatory therapies(IMTs),including anti-metabolites,alkylating,and biologic agents have been utilized to achieve inflammation control and remission.Careful monitoring of disease progression is important to assess response and to modify and escalate therapy if needed.Treatment to alleviate symptoms of dry eye disease and address trichiasis and other eyelid abnormalities is recommended as well.A multidisciplinary approach to optimize clinical care is recommended in the management of patients with OCP.This review will address the immunopathogenesis,clinical features,keys to diagnosis and staging of patients with OCP.It will highlight the current immunomodulators utilized for disease management and proposed stepladder strategies.This review will discuss the updated roles of combination therapy,novel use of biologics as well as the recent use of adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH)analog in severe recalcitrant cases.

PA/n-PPS隔膜的制备及其在水系电池中的性能

为构建高性能水系电池隔膜,通过聚酰胺(PA)膜溶液涂覆修饰聚苯硫醚(PPS)超细纤维膜的方式制备了PA/n-PPS微纳米复合纤维隔膜,并研究了PA/n-PPS隔膜的形貌结构对隔膜性能的影响。结果表明:当PA的质量分数为11%时,PA/n-PPS隔膜的孔隙率最大并且膜孔结构均匀,电化学性能最佳,其保液率达到548.41%,离子电导率为3.12×10^(-2) mS/cm;在0.2 C倍率条件下,隔膜组装的电池初始放电比容量为340 mA·h/g,并且经过100次循环,放电比容几乎无波动,放电效率接近100%,表现出极佳的循环稳定性。

幽门弯曲菌感染对胃粘膜上皮细胞内PAS阳性粘液的影响

观察了CP感染对胃粘膜表面上皮细胞内PAS阳性粘液的影响,CP阳性组中PAS阳性粘液消失的细胞数明显增多,平均35个,CP阴性组平均10个,两组结果有显著性差异(P<0.01)。本组结果表明CP对胃粘膜表面上皮细胞有直接损伤作用。本组中CP总检出率为51.2％,朝、汉族之间不同类型慢性胃炎中CP检出率无显著差异(P>0.05)。

宫腔镜黏膜下子宫肌瘤电切术后并发症的预防及护理研究

目的探讨宫腔镜黏膜下子宫肌瘤电切术后并发症的预防及对患者开展并发症的相关预防护理的效果。方法选择110例子宫肌瘤患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组55例。对照组给予常规护理干预,观察组在对照组基础上给予并发症的全面预防与其护理干预,比较两组临床指标。结果干预后,观察组术后排气平均时长、首次下床平均时长、平均住院时长均短于对照组,平均住院费用少于对照组(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对宫腔镜黏膜下子宫肌瘤电切术后患者开展并发症全面预防与其护理干预的效果较好,可减少患者术后并发症发生率,加快患者康复,值得临床推广与应用。

Analysis on Pathogenesis of 50 Cases of Bladder Proliferative Lesions

In order to study the pathogenesis, clinical and pathological characteristics of proliferative lesions of the bladder, 50 cases of proliferative lesions of the bladder from 150 patients with complaints of frequency, urgency, hematuria and dysuria were subjected to cystoscopic biopsy of the suspicious foci in the bladder In combination with the symptoms, urine routine and urodynamics, the relationship of proliferative lesions of the bladder to the inflammation and obstruction of the lower urinary tract was analyzed Of the 50 cases of proliferative bladder lesions, 44 cases (88%) had lower urinary tract infection and 29 (58%) lower urinary tract obstruction The patients with lower urinary tract obstruction were all complicated with infection Three cases were associated with transitional cell carcinoma Malignant cells were detected in 1 case by urinary cytologic examination Proliferative lesions of the bladder, especially those without other obvious mucosa changes under cystoscopy, are common histological variants of urothelium in the patients with chronic inflammation and obstruction of the lower urinary tract Chronic inflammation and obstruction of the lower urinary tract might be the causes for proliferative lesions of the bladder It is suggested that different treatments should be applied according to the scope and histological type of the proliferative lesions

胃(H^(+)+K^(+))-ATPase与急性胃粘膜病变的关系的研究

本文对急性胃粘膜病变与胃粘膜(H^(+)+K^(+))-ATP_ase的关系作了初步探讨,实验结果说明以消炎痛为诱因引起大白鼠急性胃粘膜病变时胃粘膜上的胃酸分泌的质子泵(H^(+)+K^(+))-ATP_ase活力受到抑制。在离体实验中低浓度的消炎痛<2μmol,大白鼠胃粘膜(H^(+)+K^(+))-ATP_ase的活力便受到显著的抑制,在整体实验中维酶素对消炎痛引起的胃粘膜(H^(+)+K^(+))-ATP_ase的抑制具有保护作用。

PAS和PAM联合强化回用膜浓缩液中SCN^(-)的研究

为了回收某石化企业腈纶纺丝用膜浓缩液中的SCN^(-),采用絮凝沉降技术有效地去除了废水中绝大部分的有机污染物。结果表明:在pH值为9、沉降时间为40 min的条件下,聚合硫酸铝(PAS)、聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)投加量分别为1 100 mg·L^(-1)和4 mg·L^(-1)时,浓液的COD_(Cr) 去除率为90.5%,SCN^(-)的回收率高达95%,显示出PAS与PAM组合对浓缩液中有机污染物具有良好的净化能力。此外,传统的混凝法用于废水处理时,基本不考虑离子污染和后续除杂工艺,而试验过程中由试剂PAS引入的杂质铝离子使用碱法沉淀易于去除,避免了铝离子污染,有利于SCN^(-)的回收再利用,从而节约了物料成本,提高了企业的经济效益。