Mud Wasps and Its Role in the Destruction of Ancient Buildings in Application to the Temple of Isis in the Temple of Dandara, Qena, Egypt and Methods of Prevention

Mud wasps are one of the most important problems that many archaeological sites suffer from in Egypt, especially in southern Egypt. Wasp’s growth increases, especially on the surface of stones or on mud-brick buildings, which represents a major challenge to these archaeological sites. It works to hide the stone surfaces and archaeological inscriptions found on them in addition to that it works to damage the stone surfaces themselves through the nests that they build on these surfaces. It works on weakening the structure of sandstone and the study that included a study on mud wasps and Analysis of nests and studied through the use of various devices and methods, the damage and its nature have also been studied as a result of the presence of wasp nests and the reasons for their existence. Various treatment methods and the best appropriate methods for treating sandstone and stopping wasp activity have also been studied.

一种罕见的泥蜂筑巢行为

在泸州市龙马潭区发现了一种罕见的泥蜂(末微蜾蠃)筑巢行为,颠覆了以往对于泥蜂科昆虫筑巢行为的记录和认知。该蜾蠃筑巢所用的材料不是常见的泥土,而是松树分泌出的松脂。单个松脂巢穴外形呈圆筒形,内径10 mm,外径16 mm,长度约15 mm,由经泥蜂加工过的小松脂球垒积而成,松脂球直径0.5—1 mm。蜂巢外观精致,结构巧妙,整体呈乳白色,呈半透明状,并且松脂蜂巢中还有一只即将发育成熟的泥蜂,这说明松脂蜂巢的功能和常见的泥质蜂巢完全一致。此次发现,充分体现了蜾蠃的生存智慧以及对环境资源的巧妙利用,大大丰富了对该类型昆虫生活习性的认知。