Background: Urinary Incontinence is a common symptom among the older and frail older people. Apart from affecting the quality of life and skin complications, the demand on assistance could be too high for any sufferer...Background: Urinary Incontinence is a common symptom among the older and frail older people. Apart from affecting the quality of life and skin complications, the demand on assistance could be too high for any sufferer. While conservative means of treatment do not work, special incontinence apparel could be a good compromise. Objective: To create an absorbent, antiseptic, antiperspirant and deodourant diaper for the older and dependent people suffering from urinary incontinence. Material and Methods: Antiperspirant and antiseptic medicinal materials have been reported in Traditional Chinese Medicine and two herbs were screened out to provide the required effects. A combination of Fraxini Cortex, Calamine and Zinc oxide made in powder forms was impregnated into a pocket of the diaper. Laboratory tests were performed to confirm the antiseptic, antiperspirant and deodourant effects of the materials. A self-control clinical trial on the diaper was organized in an elderly home. Results: Antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus, E. coli and Candida were proven. Antiperspirant effects were confirmed using acetylcholinesterase inhibitor testings. Volunteers using the Sudoscan machine further demonstrated the weak antiperspirant effects of the herbs. A pilot study on 31 dependent diaper users gave positive feedbacks of more comfort, less leakage, odour and better skin conditions. The overall satisfaction reached 79%. Conclusion: A special diaper with antiseptic, antiperspirant and deodourant effects could be created with inexpensive herbal powder impregnated and could be recommended to the older and frail older people with urinary incontinence.展开更多
Soil Transmitted Helminthes(STH)is always a problem in developing and under developed countries.Children are mostly prone to STH in tropical and non-tropical countries including Pakistan.We have observed ova of Ascari...Soil Transmitted Helminthes(STH)is always a problem in developing and under developed countries.Children are mostly prone to STH in tropical and non-tropical countries including Pakistan.We have observed ova of Ascaris and some non-descriptive objects in the parasitological examination of the fecal material of infant collected from diaper.展开更多
Diaper dermatit is among the widely seen inflamatory skin diseases in neonatals and small 0 - 18 month old children. Control of causative agents as well as providing good genital care may prevent or reduce the risk of...Diaper dermatit is among the widely seen inflamatory skin diseases in neonatals and small 0 - 18 month old children. Control of causative agents as well as providing good genital care may prevent or reduce the risk of the disease. The aim of this study is find out the effect of protective genital care on reducing the diaper dermatit development in 0 - 18 months old inpatient 0 - 18 month old children who are using antibiotic. The study was conducted as prospective half-experimetal using control-experimental groups. Our samples comprise of 0 - 18 month old children admitted at Dokuz Eylul University Practical and Research Hospital, pediatric clinic between January and May 2009, 41 0 - 18 month old children as a control group were not under protective genital care, and 42 0 - 18 month old children as an experimental group were under the protecion and using vaseline. The mothers of the experimental group 0 - 18 month old children were given education. All 0 - 18 month old children were followed-up 3 - 7 days and the collected data were evaluated in computer using Pearson’s chisquare, Fisher’s exact chi-square and Yatest-corrected chi-square tests. The diaper dermatit develop- ment ratio was 34.1% in the control group and 7.1% in the experimental group展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> Dexpanthenol containing formula (BEPANTHEN<sup>®</sup>), formulated as a water in oil preparation, is currently widely marketed as a diaper care product aiming...<strong>Background:</strong> Dexpanthenol containing formula (BEPANTHEN<sup>®</sup>), formulated as a water in oil preparation, is currently widely marketed as a diaper care product aiming to protect baby’s buttocks and repair diaper dermatitis. Dexpanthenol is a well-known moisturizer with barrier-improving properties and the oily phase of the water in oil preparation forms a lipophilic film on the skin surface that isolates the skin from irritants (feces and urine). Prolonged contact with irritants triggers a local inflammation cascade responsible for the cutaneous erythema. To further investigate the protective properties of skin barrier preparations, we took advantage of an <i>ex vivo</i> model of healthy human skin discs especially designed to evaluate protective and/or repairing effects of topical preparations recommended for baby’s buttocks through the measurement of interleukin-1 alpha release (a cytokine considered as the <em>Primum movens</em> of the skin inflammatory reaction), following the application of different irritants. <strong>Methods: </strong>Healthy human skin discs have been incubated in the absence (control) or in the presence of two irritants,<em> i.e.</em> a “urine like + urease” preparation and sodium dodecyl sulfate, and in the presence of three ointments, one containing dexpanthenol, but not the other two. At the end of the incubation period, interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1<em>α</em>) was quantified in the explants culture media.<strong> Results: </strong>“Urine like + urease” preparation (ULU) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) both increased IL-1<em>α</em> production of skin explants by 181.1% (p < 0.001) and 88.3% (p < 0.001), respectively. The dexpanthenol containing formula significantly inhibited the ULU- and the SDS-induced IL-1<em>α</em> release by 67.42% (p < 0.001) and 46.55% (p < 0.001), respectively. Under the same experimental conditions, one of the formulas without dexpanthenol significantly inhibited the ULU-induced IL-1<em>α</em> release by 45.94% (p < 0.01) but not the SDS-induced one, and the other tested formulation displayed no significant effect on the IL-1<em>α</em> production regardless of the irritant applied. Moreover, the effect of the dexpanthenol containing formula on the ULU-induced IL-1<em>α</em> release was significantly higher than the effect of the other formula;a difference of 19.6 % (p < 0.05) was observed.<strong> Conclusion: </strong>Dexpanthenol containing formula (BEPANTHEN<sup>®</sup>) provides good protection of baby’s buttocks against irritants. Its protective effect seems to be superior compared with other products, which did not contain this ingredient. Moreover, the results obtained in the present study suggest that dexpanthenol displays <i>per se</i> a real IL-1<em>α</em> production inhibitory effect. This work, however, consists of preliminary studies and additional investigations involving more formulas and end-points such as the quantification of other pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines and/or resolvins for example, are needed to better understand the cutaneous protective effect of dexpanthenol.展开更多
文摘Background: Urinary Incontinence is a common symptom among the older and frail older people. Apart from affecting the quality of life and skin complications, the demand on assistance could be too high for any sufferer. While conservative means of treatment do not work, special incontinence apparel could be a good compromise. Objective: To create an absorbent, antiseptic, antiperspirant and deodourant diaper for the older and dependent people suffering from urinary incontinence. Material and Methods: Antiperspirant and antiseptic medicinal materials have been reported in Traditional Chinese Medicine and two herbs were screened out to provide the required effects. A combination of Fraxini Cortex, Calamine and Zinc oxide made in powder forms was impregnated into a pocket of the diaper. Laboratory tests were performed to confirm the antiseptic, antiperspirant and deodourant effects of the materials. A self-control clinical trial on the diaper was organized in an elderly home. Results: Antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus, E. coli and Candida were proven. Antiperspirant effects were confirmed using acetylcholinesterase inhibitor testings. Volunteers using the Sudoscan machine further demonstrated the weak antiperspirant effects of the herbs. A pilot study on 31 dependent diaper users gave positive feedbacks of more comfort, less leakage, odour and better skin conditions. The overall satisfaction reached 79%. Conclusion: A special diaper with antiseptic, antiperspirant and deodourant effects could be created with inexpensive herbal powder impregnated and could be recommended to the older and frail older people with urinary incontinence.
文摘Soil Transmitted Helminthes(STH)is always a problem in developing and under developed countries.Children are mostly prone to STH in tropical and non-tropical countries including Pakistan.We have observed ova of Ascaris and some non-descriptive objects in the parasitological examination of the fecal material of infant collected from diaper.
文摘Diaper dermatit is among the widely seen inflamatory skin diseases in neonatals and small 0 - 18 month old children. Control of causative agents as well as providing good genital care may prevent or reduce the risk of the disease. The aim of this study is find out the effect of protective genital care on reducing the diaper dermatit development in 0 - 18 months old inpatient 0 - 18 month old children who are using antibiotic. The study was conducted as prospective half-experimetal using control-experimental groups. Our samples comprise of 0 - 18 month old children admitted at Dokuz Eylul University Practical and Research Hospital, pediatric clinic between January and May 2009, 41 0 - 18 month old children as a control group were not under protective genital care, and 42 0 - 18 month old children as an experimental group were under the protecion and using vaseline. The mothers of the experimental group 0 - 18 month old children were given education. All 0 - 18 month old children were followed-up 3 - 7 days and the collected data were evaluated in computer using Pearson’s chisquare, Fisher’s exact chi-square and Yatest-corrected chi-square tests. The diaper dermatit develop- ment ratio was 34.1% in the control group and 7.1% in the experimental group
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> Dexpanthenol containing formula (BEPANTHEN<sup>®</sup>), formulated as a water in oil preparation, is currently widely marketed as a diaper care product aiming to protect baby’s buttocks and repair diaper dermatitis. Dexpanthenol is a well-known moisturizer with barrier-improving properties and the oily phase of the water in oil preparation forms a lipophilic film on the skin surface that isolates the skin from irritants (feces and urine). Prolonged contact with irritants triggers a local inflammation cascade responsible for the cutaneous erythema. To further investigate the protective properties of skin barrier preparations, we took advantage of an <i>ex vivo</i> model of healthy human skin discs especially designed to evaluate protective and/or repairing effects of topical preparations recommended for baby’s buttocks through the measurement of interleukin-1 alpha release (a cytokine considered as the <em>Primum movens</em> of the skin inflammatory reaction), following the application of different irritants. <strong>Methods: </strong>Healthy human skin discs have been incubated in the absence (control) or in the presence of two irritants,<em> i.e.</em> a “urine like + urease” preparation and sodium dodecyl sulfate, and in the presence of three ointments, one containing dexpanthenol, but not the other two. At the end of the incubation period, interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1<em>α</em>) was quantified in the explants culture media.<strong> Results: </strong>“Urine like + urease” preparation (ULU) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) both increased IL-1<em>α</em> production of skin explants by 181.1% (p < 0.001) and 88.3% (p < 0.001), respectively. The dexpanthenol containing formula significantly inhibited the ULU- and the SDS-induced IL-1<em>α</em> release by 67.42% (p < 0.001) and 46.55% (p < 0.001), respectively. Under the same experimental conditions, one of the formulas without dexpanthenol significantly inhibited the ULU-induced IL-1<em>α</em> release by 45.94% (p < 0.01) but not the SDS-induced one, and the other tested formulation displayed no significant effect on the IL-1<em>α</em> production regardless of the irritant applied. Moreover, the effect of the dexpanthenol containing formula on the ULU-induced IL-1<em>α</em> release was significantly higher than the effect of the other formula;a difference of 19.6 % (p < 0.05) was observed.<strong> Conclusion: </strong>Dexpanthenol containing formula (BEPANTHEN<sup>®</sup>) provides good protection of baby’s buttocks against irritants. Its protective effect seems to be superior compared with other products, which did not contain this ingredient. Moreover, the results obtained in the present study suggest that dexpanthenol displays <i>per se</i> a real IL-1<em>α</em> production inhibitory effect. This work, however, consists of preliminary studies and additional investigations involving more formulas and end-points such as the quantification of other pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines and/or resolvins for example, are needed to better understand the cutaneous protective effect of dexpanthenol.
