A Monitoring Method for Transmission Tower Foots Displacement Based on Wind-Induced Vibration Response

The displacement of transmission tower feet can seriously affect the safe operation of the tower,and the accuracy of structural health monitoring methods is limited at the present stage.The application of deep learning method provides new ideas for structural health monitoring of towers,but the current amount of tower vibration fault data is restricted to provide adequate training data for Deep Learning(DL).In this paper,we propose a DT-DL based tower foot displacement monitoring method,which firstly simulates the wind-induced vibration response data of the tower under each fault condition by finite element method.Then the vibration signal visualization and Data Transfer(DT)are used to add tower fault data samples to solve the problem of insufficient actual data quantity.Subsequently,the dynamic response test is carried out under different tower fault states,and the tower fault monitoring is carried out by the DL method.Finally,the proposed method is compared with the traditional online monitoring method,and it is found that this method can significantly improve the rate of convergence and recognition accuracy in the recognition process.The results show that the method can effectively identify the tower foot displacement state,which can greatly reduce the accidents that occurred due to the tower foot displacement.

Dynamic performance of cable-stayed bridge tower with multi-stage pendulum mass damper under wind excitations—Ⅱ: Experiment

The possibility of using a multi-stage pendulum mass damper （MSPMD） to control wind-induced vibration of a single column tower of a cable-stayed bridge during construction was studied theoretically in part I of this work. In this paper, the performance of the MSPMD for reducing bridge tower vibration is studied experimentally. A MSPMD model and a tower model of the bridge with geometry scaling of 1：100 were designed and manufactured. Calibration of the MSPMD model with different wire lengths is conducted to verify the analytical model of the damper. A series of tests for the uncontrolled freestanding tower, tower with cables, and tower with MSPMD model are then performed under harmonic and white noise excitations. The experimental results show that the responses of the tower model significantly decrease with the installation of the MSPMD model, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the M SPMD to mitigate the vibration of the bridge tower.

Dynamic performance of cable-stayed bridge tower with multi-stage pendulum mass damper under wind excitations——I:Theory

In this paper, wind-induced vibration control of a single column tower of a cable-stayed bridge with a multi- stage pendulum mass damper （MSPMD） is investigated. Special attention is given to overcoming space limitations for installing the control device in the tower and the effect of varying natural frequency of the towers during construction. First, the finite element model of the bridge during its construction and the basic equation of motion of the MSPMD are introduced. The equation of motion of the bridge with the MSPMD under along-wind excitation is then established. Finally, a numerical simulation and parametric study are conducted to assess the effectiveness of the control system for reducing the wind-induced vibration of the bridge towers during construction. The numerical simulation results show that the MSPMD is practical and effective for reducing the along-wind response of the single column tower, can be installed in a small area of the tower, and complies with the time-variant characteristics of the bridge during its entire construction stage.

Multi-features Based Approach for Moving Shadow Detection

In the video-based surveillance application, moving shadows can affect the correct localization and detection of moving objects. This paper aims to present a method for shadow detection and suppression used for moving visual object detection. The major novelty of the shadow suppression is the integration of several features including photometric invariant color feature, motion edge feature, and spatial feature etc. By modifying process for false shadow detected, the averaging detection rate of moving object reaches above 90% in the test of Hall-Monitor sequence.

The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST)

The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST, also called the Guo Shou Jing Telescope) is a special reflecting Schmidt telescope. LAMOST’s special design allows both a large aperture (effective aperture of 3.6 m–4.9 m) and a wide field of view (FOV) (5°). It has an innovative active reflecting Schmidt configuration which continuously changes the mirror’s surface that adjusts during the observation process and combines thin deformable mirror active optics with segmented active optics. Its primary mirror (6.67m×6.05 m) and active Schmidt mirror (5.74m×4.40 m) are both segmented, and composed of 37 and 24 hexagonal sub-mirrors respectively. By using a parallel controllable fiber positioning technique, the focal surface of 1.75 m in diameter can accommodate 4000 optical fibers. Also, LAMOST has 16 spectrographs with 32 CCD cameras. LAMOST will be the telescope with the highest rate of spectral acquisition. As a national large scientific project, the LAMOST project was formally proposed in 1996, and approved by the Chinese government in 1997. The construction started in 2001, was completed in 2008 and passed the official acceptance in June 2009. The LAMOST pilot survey was started in October 2011 and the spectroscopic survey will launch in September 2012. Up to now, LAMOST has released more than 480 000 spectra of objects. LAMOST will make an important contribution to the study of the large-scale structure of the Universe, structure and evolution of the Galaxy, and cross-identification of multiwaveband properties in celestial objects.

A Comparative Study of Acute Hemodynamic Effects of Multi -site Cardiac Pacing in patients with cardiac function NYHA class ⅠtoⅡ without bundle branch block

Objective To compare the acute hemodynamic effects of five different pacing modes in patients with cardiac function NYHA class Ⅰ to Ⅱ without bundle branch block (BBB). Methods This study included 12 patients (SSS 7, Ⅲ°AVB 5) undergoing pacemaker implantation. Right ventricular apex (RVA), right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), right ventricular bifocal (RV-Bi), left ventricular base (LVB) and bi -ventricular (Bi-Ⅴ) pacing at 60 -80 ppm were done in VVI mode prior to implantation of DDD pacemaker. The cardiac index (CI), mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) were measured with Swan - Ganz thermodilution catheter after 5 minutes of each pacing mode. Results (1) Comparing to pacing at RVA (CI: 2. 41± 0. 38 L/min per m2, PCWP: 16. 7 ±3.3 mmHg), the CI increased and the PCWP decreased significantly in pacing at RVOT(CI: 2. 63 ± 0.46, PCWP: 13. 8±2. 3), LVB(CI: 2. 78±0.52, PCWP: 14. 4±3.1), RV-Bi(CI: 2. 83±0.57, PCWP: 12. 8± 2. 5) and Bi -Ⅴ pacing (CI: 2. 94± 0.60, PCWP: 12. 7±2. 5), P < 0. 01, respectively. (2) The CI of RV-Bi and Bi-Ⅴ pacing was higher than that of RVOT and LVB pacing, the PCWP was lower, P < 0. 05, respectively. (3) There was no significant difference between RV - Bi pacing and Bi-Ⅴ pacing in CI and PCWP. Conclusion There is no significant difference between RV - Bi pacing and Bi -V pacing in the acute hemodynamic effects; however,dual - site pacing is much better than single site pacing in that aspect for patients with cardiac function NYHA class Ⅰ to Ⅱ without BBB. Among single site pacing, the RVOT and LVB pacing is better than RVA pacing in cardiac function.

Research on A Master - slave Multi - microcomputers Control System for Hollow Spindle Fancy Yarn Spinning Machine

In this paper, a successfully studied and developed master - slave muld - microcomputers control system based on PC - BUS for hollow spindle fancy yarn spinning machine, mainly Its overall scheme, software and hardware construction, is introduced. Spinning experiments show that the system achieves satisfactory result. This system can solve the diftkultles of mechatronical fusion between domestic hollow splndk fancy yarn spuming muchine and its microcomputer control technology.

On the Representation of Multi-layer Woven Structure

A quantitative method is developed to identify the structures of multi-layer woven fabric in this study. Six structural parameters are selected to represent the fabric structure. With some design criteria for the reinforcement of textile composites, the relationships among the structural parameters are derived for different binding patterns of the fabric structure. The conditions, which meet the requirements of structural cell stability,are also discussed.

张靖皋长江大桥钢箱-钢管组合塔柱制造关键技术

张靖皋长江大桥南航道悬索桥的两个主塔均为门式框架结构,塔高350 m,塔肢外轮廓为带凹角的矩形立柱,塔肢断面包括外壁钢箱、4个钢管和13个窗口,形成多个闭合环结构,是钢箱-钢管组合的新型结构钢塔。研究了钢箱管组合塔制造过程中的关键问题,如大直径钢管的制作和定位、多闭环截面的精度控制、超高层钢塔节段之间的焊接与匹配以及钢塔底节段的制造。从夹具胎架制作、焊接工艺、定位工装、预装配等方面提出了具体技术措施,以确保制造质量。

Computer-aided Pattern Design of Multi-bar Warp Knitted Fabrics

To meet the development trend of multi-bar warp knit-ting machine towards high-speed,advanced technologyand computer control and the requirements of variousproducts with small quantity,there are many researcheson the computer-aided pattern design of multi-barwarp knitted fabrics.In terms of the special propertiesof the computer-aided pattern design of multi-barwarp knitted fabrics,the Object Oriented Program(OOP)programming-Object Windows class Library(OWL)programming is selected.According to thecharacters of the OWL programming,various functionsare defined.Pattern design and technical parameters canbe output,which offers a great convenience for the fac-tory.

MODS： A Novel Metaheuristic of Deterministic Swapping for the Multi-Objective Optimization of Combinatorials Problems

This paper states a new metaheuristic based on Deterministic Finite Automata （DFA） for the multi - objective optimization of combinatorial problems. First, a new DFA named Multi - Objective Deterministic Finite Automata （MDFA） is defined. MDFA allows the representation of the feasible solutions space of combinatorial problems. Second, it is defined and implemented a metaheuritic based on MDFA theory. It is named Metaheuristic of Deterministic Swapping （MODS）. MODS is a local search strategy that works using a MDFA. Due to this, MODS never take into account unfeasible solutions. Hence, it is not necessary to verify the problem constraints for a new solution found. Lastly, MODS is tested using well know instances of the Bi-Objective Traveling Salesman Problem （TSP） from TSPLIB. Its results were compared with eight Ant Colony inspired algorithms and two Genetic algorithms taken from the specialized literature. The comparison was made using metrics such as Spacing, Generational Distance, Inverse Generational Distance and No-Dominated Generation Vectors. In every case, the MODS results on the metrics were always better and in some of those cases, the superiority was 100%.

基于FRAM-FAHP的塔吊起重作业事故致因分析

以塔吊起重作业事故为研究对象,将功能共振分析法(FRAM)与模糊层次分析法(FAHP)相融合,采用FRAM-FAHP分析法研究塔吊起重作业过程中的事故演化机制。以广东汕头某项目塔吊起重滑脱事故为例,对塔吊作业的功能耦合过程进行定性和定量分析,确定影响塔吊起重作业的主要失效链接。研究表明:针对目标层塔吊成功起吊,方案层人员功能P_(1)、组织功能P_(3)影响较大,权重分别为0.3890和0.3457。在人员功能P_(1)、组织功能P_(3)中,上下游功能链接F_(3)(O)-F_(4)(I),F_(4)(O)-F_(9)(R)可作为塔吊起重时保障人员安全的关键线路,也可以作为塔吊起重事故的失效功能链接,因此施工企业可通过失效功能链接制定相关安全措施来预防事故发生。

三面围合的人字结构——北京N公寓结构设计

基于某大跨斜连体三塔结构项目,采用多软件对比小震弹性分析、时程分析以及大震动力弹塑性分析方法,对其进行了斜连体传力路径分析、斜连体超限高层结构计算分析、斜连体防连续倒塌验算、斜连体与塔楼连接薄弱部位关键节点有限元分析。分析结果表明,斜连体传力路径可靠,斜连体及与塔楼连接关键传力节点在大震下不屈服,整体结构满足大震下的变形和承载力要求。故本项目结构布置合理,结构体系安全可靠。

带高位大悬挑的多塔连体结构超限分析与设计

武汉全球公共采购交易服务总部基地项目6~8号楼是三塔多重复杂连体结构,各塔间刚性连接体跨度25.2m,顶部两层南侧和东侧分别设置悬挑8.4m和6.0m的高位长悬挑结构,是具有6项不规则项的超限高层建筑。工程混合采用混凝土结构、钢结构和组合结构体系,并使用预应力技术。本文介绍了该项目抗震性能化设计过程,采用多种软件对小震、中震和大震作用下的结构及构件性能进行分析。对以下重点问题进行专项分析:采用时程法和反应谱法得出6度区连体和悬挑结构的最小竖向地震作用系数;分析温度作用下超长结构的楼板应力,分析悬挑结构在其上下层引起的楼板应力,验算大震作用下连接体楼板的抗剪承载力;验算连接体楼盖舒适度。结合分析结果和工程特点,采取相应加强措施,实现了良好的抗震效果。

多塔大底盘RC框架隔震建筑抗震韧性设计研究

以位于Ⅷ度区(0.3 g)的某多塔钢筋混凝土(Reinforced Concrete,RC)框架建筑为研究对象,对其进行了大底盘隔震设计,研究了在设防、罕遇地震作用下3个塔楼的动力响应,并基于韧性评价标准对该隔震方案展开了2个地震水准下的抗震韧性评价。结果表明:隔震后结构基本周期延长至原来的3倍,降低了地震作用,有效控制了上部结构的地震响应。楼面绝对加速度的显著控制基本消除了加速度敏感型非结构构件的损伤。结构构件以及位移敏感型非结构构件的修复费用主导了建筑的修复费用。建筑的修复时间由阶段Ⅰ中结构构件的修复时间控制,此隔震方案下建筑的抗震韧性等级达到了三星。

超-特高压多回路杆塔结构可靠性分析

应用可靠性理论,对可变荷载效应与永久荷载效应的比值对我国超-特高压多回路杆塔结构可靠性的影响进行了探讨,选取一基1 000 kV交流双回和500 kV交流双回同塔4回路架设杆塔SSZT2塔身变坡处一轴心受压构件为研究对象,用一次二阶矩法计算对应不同结构重要性系数时的构件可靠指标,得到了结构重要性系数对杆塔结构构件可靠性的影响规律,并对杆塔在选用不同结构重要性系数时的经济性进行了分析,给出了塔材用量估算方法,供结构设计及分析人员参考。

大底板多塔楼隔震结构底板设计方法研究

隔震多塔楼串联上部结构的连接板,会承受很大的水平力,而连接板能可靠传递水平力是多塔楼整体隔震结构方案的重要前提条件,若连接板提前受损或破坏,结构的整体性将会降低。为保证连接板不早于上部结构发生破坏,本文以一大底板多塔楼隔震结构案例为基础,提出基于主应力的底板承载力验算及配筋设计方法,首先利用ETABS有限元分析软件对某大底板双塔楼隔震结构进行隔震设计,并对底板进行配筋设计和抗震性能验算,最后根据配筋设计结果,利用SAUSAGE非线性分析软件,分析罕遇地震下底板的损伤。结果表明:采用大底板多塔楼隔震方案以后,上部结构的抗震性能均能满足规范要求,根据主应力进行抗震设计的底板能够满足各地震水准的性能目标,罕遇地震下,底板未先于上部结构发生破坏,仍能保证结构整体的整体性。

“多塔”3D-SIC的量子粒子群测试调度方法

针对"多塔"结构的3D堆叠集成电路(3D-SIC)测试耗时很长的问题,提出一种基于量子粒子群优化的测试调度方法,以缩短测试时间.首先,构造初始粒子群用以表示初始可行解,产生具有量子行为的新粒子,并更新粒子群;然后进行粒子群的迭代进化以获取全局最优解.最小化"终堆"测试时间和集成过程总测试的调度结果均表明,该方法可显著地缩短测试时间;当复杂晶片集成在3D-SIC底层时,"终堆"测试时间较短,而集成过程的总测试时间较长.

多源LiDAR和UAV影像的塔式建筑物三维建模方法

塔式建筑物由于立面结构复杂,使用单一数据源进行三维建模时容易出现部分区域空洞、纹理拉花等情况。为解决此问题,本文提出一种将无人机(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle,UAV)影像、机载LiDAR数据和手持LiDAR数据进行配准融合的塔式建筑物三维建模方法。以云南省玉溪市新平县的五彩云楼为例,使用UAV和手持激光扫描仪作为数据采集设备,首先分别采集塔式建筑物的UAV影像、机载LiDAR和手持LiDAR数据,然后基于摄影测量原理生成UAV影像的点云,其次基于最近点迭代算法方法将三种数据进行配准融合,最后通过构建不规则三角网表示其三维模型。实验结果表明:将多源LiDAR和UAV影像点云配准融合后生成的三维模型结构更加完整,避免了单一数据源构建三维模型存在的空洞问题。

多塔大底盘层间隔震与基础隔震高层建筑抗震韧性对比

建设层间隔震地铁上盖建筑已成为高烈度地区实现以公共交通为导向建设集约紧凑型城市的重要手段,同时面对韧性城市的建设需求,提升该类建筑的抗震韧性已成为土木领域研究热点。该类建筑中大底盘对隔震结构地震响应和抗震韧性的影响,塔楼与大底盘抗震韧性的差异性、两者对建筑整体抗震韧性的影响等关键问题有待研究。屈重比作为隔震结构设计关键指标,其对多塔大底盘层间隔震建筑的抗震韧性的影响规律有待明确。该文以5个屈重比取值分别设计了多塔大底盘层间隔震案例和基础隔震案例,开展了弹塑性时程分析和抗震韧性评价。结果表明:大底盘对层间隔震建筑的地震响应存在放大效应,进而导致层间隔震建筑韧性等级低于基础隔震建筑。塔楼和大底盘的修复费用和时间构成存在差异,塔楼的修复费用和时间由加速度敏感型非结构构件引起,而大底盘的修复费用和时间由结构构件和加速度敏感型非结构构件共同引起。多塔大底盘层间隔震建筑的整体韧性等级随屈重比降低而提升,但屈重比对塔楼和大底盘的抗震韧性影响规律存在差异,塔楼的修复时间和费用随屈重比的降低逐渐减小,而大底盘的修复时间和费用随屈重比的降低无明显变化。