In this paper,a hybrid integrated broadband Doherty power amplifier(DPA)based on a multi-chip module(MCM),whose active devices are fabricated using the gallium nitride(GaN)process and whose passive circuits are fabric...In this paper,a hybrid integrated broadband Doherty power amplifier(DPA)based on a multi-chip module(MCM),whose active devices are fabricated using the gallium nitride(GaN)process and whose passive circuits are fabricated using the gallium arsenide(GaAs)integrated passive device(IPD)process,is proposed for 5G massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)application.An inverted DPA structure with a low-Q output network is proposed to achieve better bandwidth performance,and a single-driver architecture is adopted for a chip with high gain and small area.The proposed DPA has a bandwidth of 4.4-5.0 GHz that can achieve a saturation of more than 45.0 dBm.The gain compression from 37 dBm to saturation power is less than 4 dB,and the average power-added efficiency(PAE)is 36.3%with an 8.5 dB peak-to-average power ratio(PAPR)in 4.5-5.0 GHz.The measured adjacent channel power ratio(ACPR)is better than50 dBc after digital predistortion(DPD),exhibiting satisfactory linearity.展开更多
The FRF estimator based on the errors-in-variables （EV） model of multi-input multi-output （MIMO） system is presented to reduce the bias error of FRF HI estimator. The FRF HI estimator is influenced by the noises i...The FRF estimator based on the errors-in-variables （EV） model of multi-input multi-output （MIMO） system is presented to reduce the bias error of FRF HI estimator. The FRF HI estimator is influenced by the noises in the inputs of the system and generates an under-estimation of the true FRF. The FRF estimator based on the EV model takes into account the errors in both the inputs and outputs of the system and would lead to more accurate FRF estimation. The FRF estimator based on the EV model is applied to the waveform replication on the 6-DOF （degree-of-freedom） hydraulic vibration table. The result shows that it is favorable to improve the control precision of the MIMO vibration control system.展开更多
Lookup table is widely used in automotive industry for the design of engine control units(ECU).Together with a proportional-integral controller,a feed-forward and feedback control scheme is often adopted for automotiv...Lookup table is widely used in automotive industry for the design of engine control units(ECU).Together with a proportional-integral controller,a feed-forward and feedback control scheme is often adopted for automotive engine management system(EMS).Usually,an ECU has a structure of multi-input and single-output(MISO).Therefore,if there are multiple objectives proposed in EMS,there would be corresponding numbers of ECUs that need to be designed.In this situation,huge efforts and time were spent on calibration.In this work,a multi-input and multi-out(MIMO) approach based on model predictive control(MPC) was presented for the automatic cruise system of automotive engine.The results show that the tracking of engine speed command and the regulation of air/fuel ratio(AFR) can be achieved simultaneously under the new scheme.The mean absolute error(MAE) for engine speed control is 0.037,and the MAE for air fuel ratio is 0.069.展开更多
In Mobile Communication Systems, inter-cell interference becomes one of the challenges that degrade the system’s performance, especially in the region with massive mobile users. The linear precoding schemes were prop...In Mobile Communication Systems, inter-cell interference becomes one of the challenges that degrade the system’s performance, especially in the region with massive mobile users. The linear precoding schemes were proposed to mitigate interferences between the base stations (inter-cell). These schemes are categorized into linear and non-linear;this study focused on linear precoding schemes, which are grounded into three types, namely Zero Forcing (ZF), Block Diagonalization (BD), and Signal Leakage Noise Ratio (SLNR). The study included the Cooperative Multi-cell Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO) System, whereby each Base Station serves more than one mobile station and all Base Stations on the system are assisted by each other by shared the Channel State Information (CSI). Based on the Multi-Cell Multiuser MIMO system, each Base Station on the cell is intended to maximize the data transmission rate by its mobile users by increasing the Signal Interference to Noise Ratio after the interference has been mitigated due to the usefully of linear precoding schemes on the transmitter. Moreover, these schemes used different approaches to mitigate interference. This study mainly concentrates on evaluating the performance of these schemes through the channel distribution models such as Ray-leigh and Rician included in the presence of noise errors. The results show that the SLNR scheme outperforms ZF and BD schemes overall scenario. This implied that when the value of SNR increased the performance of SLNR increased by 21.4% and 45.7% for ZF and BD respectively.展开更多
A Taylor series expansion(TSE) based design for minimum mean-square error(MMSE) and QR decomposition(QRD) of multi-input and multi-output(MIMO) systems is proposed based on application specific instruction set process...A Taylor series expansion(TSE) based design for minimum mean-square error(MMSE) and QR decomposition(QRD) of multi-input and multi-output(MIMO) systems is proposed based on application specific instruction set processor(ASIP), which uses TSE algorithm instead of resource-consuming reciprocal and reciprocal square root(RSR) operations.The aim is to give a high performance implementation for MMSE and QRD in one programmable platform simultaneously.Furthermore, instruction set architecture(ISA) and the allocation of data paths in single instruction multiple data-very long instruction word(SIMD-VLIW) architecture are provided, offering more data parallelism and instruction parallelism for different dimension matrices and operation types.Meanwhile, multiple level numerical precision can be achieved with flexible table size and expansion order in TSE ISA.The ASIP has been implemented to a 28 nm CMOS process and frequency reaches 800 MHz.Experimental results show that the proposed design provides perfect numerical precision within the fixed bit-width of the ASIP, higher matrix processing rate better than the requirements of 5G system and more rate-area efficiency comparable with ASIC implementations.展开更多
A novel nonlinear multi-input multi-output MIMO detection algorithm is proposed which is referred to as an ordered successive noise projection cancellation OSNPC algorithm. It is capable of improving the computation p...A novel nonlinear multi-input multi-output MIMO detection algorithm is proposed which is referred to as an ordered successive noise projection cancellation OSNPC algorithm. It is capable of improving the computation performance of the MIMO detector with the conventional ordered successive interference cancellation OSIC algorithm. In contrast to the OSIC in which the known interferences in the input signal vector are successively cancelled the OSNPC successively cancels the known noise projections from the decision statistic vector. Analysis indicates that the OSNPC is equivalent to the OSIC in error performance but it has significantly less complexity in computation.Furthermore when the OSNPC is applied to the MIMO detection with the preprocessing of dual lattice reduction DLR the computational complexity of the proposed OSNPC-based DLR-aided detector is further reduced due to the avoidance of the inverse of the reduced basis of the dual lattice in computation compared to that of the OSIC-based one. Simulation results validate the theoretical conclusions with regard to both the performance and complexity of the proposed MIMO detection scheme.展开更多
为解决基于协作多输入多输出(Multi-input multi-output,MIMO)的同构无线传感器网络(Wireless sensor net-works,WSN)能量节省与能耗均衡问题,建立了多跳分布式WSN系统模型.对协作MIMO通信中的簇间长传输距离与簇内短传输距离进行了分析...为解决基于协作多输入多输出(Multi-input multi-output,MIMO)的同构无线传感器网络(Wireless sensor net-works,WSN)能量节省与能耗均衡问题,建立了多跳分布式WSN系统模型.对协作MIMO通信中的簇间长传输距离与簇内短传输距离进行了分析,找到与传统单输入单输出(Single-input single-output,SISO)传输相比更节省能量的距离门限.根据分析提出了一种新的基于剩余能量与距离门限的动态分簇(Dynamic clustering based on remaining energy and distance thres holds,DCREDT)选择算法,在节省能量的前提下,使剩余能量较大的节点优先成为簇首,实现了簇首与其他节点之间的能耗均衡.最后分析了采用DCREDT选择算法进行多跳传输的总能耗,并仿真验证了该算法的合理性与有效性.展开更多
提出一种基于盲信号分离的方法对MIMO信号进行调制识别.该方法对接收信号的相关矩阵作奇异值分解,用于估算发射天线数目,并对信号进行白化.采用特征值矩阵的联合近似对角化(joint approximate diagonalisation of eigen-matrices,JADE)...提出一种基于盲信号分离的方法对MIMO信号进行调制识别.该方法对接收信号的相关矩阵作奇异值分解,用于估算发射天线数目,并对信号进行白化.采用特征值矩阵的联合近似对角化(joint approximate diagonalisation of eigen-matrices,JADE)算法对接收信号进行分离,恢复发送端信号.通过分析信号的频谱特征,提出4个新的特征参数,并结合四阶累积量实现对MIMO体制下6种信号调制方式的识别.识别过程中无需估计载波频率和符号率等参数,具有较强的实用性.仿真结果表明文中提出的方法具有良好的性能.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA0716601)the National Science Fund(62225111).
文摘In this paper,a hybrid integrated broadband Doherty power amplifier(DPA)based on a multi-chip module(MCM),whose active devices are fabricated using the gallium nitride(GaN)process and whose passive circuits are fabricated using the gallium arsenide(GaAs)integrated passive device(IPD)process,is proposed for 5G massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)application.An inverted DPA structure with a low-Q output network is proposed to achieve better bandwidth performance,and a single-driver architecture is adopted for a chip with high gain and small area.The proposed DPA has a bandwidth of 4.4-5.0 GHz that can achieve a saturation of more than 45.0 dBm.The gain compression from 37 dBm to saturation power is less than 4 dB,and the average power-added efficiency(PAE)is 36.3%with an 8.5 dB peak-to-average power ratio(PAPR)in 4.5-5.0 GHz.The measured adjacent channel power ratio(ACPR)is better than50 dBc after digital predistortion(DPD),exhibiting satisfactory linearity.
基金This project is supported by Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University,China(No.NCET-04-0325).
文摘The FRF estimator based on the errors-in-variables （EV） model of multi-input multi-output （MIMO） system is presented to reduce the bias error of FRF HI estimator. The FRF HI estimator is influenced by the noises in the inputs of the system and generates an under-estimation of the true FRF. The FRF estimator based on the EV model takes into account the errors in both the inputs and outputs of the system and would lead to more accurate FRF estimation. The FRF estimator based on the EV model is applied to the waveform replication on the 6-DOF （degree-of-freedom） hydraulic vibration table. The result shows that it is favorable to improve the control precision of the MIMO vibration control system.
基金Project supported by the Centre for Smart Grid and Information Convergence(CeSGIC)at Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University,China
文摘Lookup table is widely used in automotive industry for the design of engine control units(ECU).Together with a proportional-integral controller,a feed-forward and feedback control scheme is often adopted for automotive engine management system(EMS).Usually,an ECU has a structure of multi-input and single-output(MISO).Therefore,if there are multiple objectives proposed in EMS,there would be corresponding numbers of ECUs that need to be designed.In this situation,huge efforts and time were spent on calibration.In this work,a multi-input and multi-out(MIMO) approach based on model predictive control(MPC) was presented for the automatic cruise system of automotive engine.The results show that the tracking of engine speed command and the regulation of air/fuel ratio(AFR) can be achieved simultaneously under the new scheme.The mean absolute error(MAE) for engine speed control is 0.037,and the MAE for air fuel ratio is 0.069.
文摘In Mobile Communication Systems, inter-cell interference becomes one of the challenges that degrade the system’s performance, especially in the region with massive mobile users. The linear precoding schemes were proposed to mitigate interferences between the base stations (inter-cell). These schemes are categorized into linear and non-linear;this study focused on linear precoding schemes, which are grounded into three types, namely Zero Forcing (ZF), Block Diagonalization (BD), and Signal Leakage Noise Ratio (SLNR). The study included the Cooperative Multi-cell Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO) System, whereby each Base Station serves more than one mobile station and all Base Stations on the system are assisted by each other by shared the Channel State Information (CSI). Based on the Multi-Cell Multiuser MIMO system, each Base Station on the cell is intended to maximize the data transmission rate by its mobile users by increasing the Signal Interference to Noise Ratio after the interference has been mitigated due to the usefully of linear precoding schemes on the transmitter. Moreover, these schemes used different approaches to mitigate interference. This study mainly concentrates on evaluating the performance of these schemes through the channel distribution models such as Ray-leigh and Rician included in the presence of noise errors. The results show that the SLNR scheme outperforms ZF and BD schemes overall scenario. This implied that when the value of SNR increased the performance of SLNR increased by 21.4% and 45.7% for ZF and BD respectively.
基金Supported by the Industrial Internet Innovation and Development Project of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (No.GHBJ2004)。
文摘A Taylor series expansion(TSE) based design for minimum mean-square error(MMSE) and QR decomposition(QRD) of multi-input and multi-output(MIMO) systems is proposed based on application specific instruction set processor(ASIP), which uses TSE algorithm instead of resource-consuming reciprocal and reciprocal square root(RSR) operations.The aim is to give a high performance implementation for MMSE and QRD in one programmable platform simultaneously.Furthermore, instruction set architecture(ISA) and the allocation of data paths in single instruction multiple data-very long instruction word(SIMD-VLIW) architecture are provided, offering more data parallelism and instruction parallelism for different dimension matrices and operation types.Meanwhile, multiple level numerical precision can be achieved with flexible table size and expansion order in TSE ISA.The ASIP has been implemented to a 28 nm CMOS process and frequency reaches 800 MHz.Experimental results show that the proposed design provides perfect numerical precision within the fixed bit-width of the ASIP, higher matrix processing rate better than the requirements of 5G system and more rate-area efficiency comparable with ASIC implementations.
基金The National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2012ZX03004005-003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61171081,61201175)the Innovation Technology Fund of Jiangsu Province(No.BC2012006)
文摘A novel nonlinear multi-input multi-output MIMO detection algorithm is proposed which is referred to as an ordered successive noise projection cancellation OSNPC algorithm. It is capable of improving the computation performance of the MIMO detector with the conventional ordered successive interference cancellation OSIC algorithm. In contrast to the OSIC in which the known interferences in the input signal vector are successively cancelled the OSNPC successively cancels the known noise projections from the decision statistic vector. Analysis indicates that the OSNPC is equivalent to the OSIC in error performance but it has significantly less complexity in computation.Furthermore when the OSNPC is applied to the MIMO detection with the preprocessing of dual lattice reduction DLR the computational complexity of the proposed OSNPC-based DLR-aided detector is further reduced due to the avoidance of the inverse of the reduced basis of the dual lattice in computation compared to that of the OSIC-based one. Simulation results validate the theoretical conclusions with regard to both the performance and complexity of the proposed MIMO detection scheme.
文摘为解决基于协作多输入多输出(Multi-input multi-output,MIMO)的同构无线传感器网络(Wireless sensor net-works,WSN)能量节省与能耗均衡问题,建立了多跳分布式WSN系统模型.对协作MIMO通信中的簇间长传输距离与簇内短传输距离进行了分析,找到与传统单输入单输出(Single-input single-output,SISO)传输相比更节省能量的距离门限.根据分析提出了一种新的基于剩余能量与距离门限的动态分簇(Dynamic clustering based on remaining energy and distance thres holds,DCREDT)选择算法,在节省能量的前提下,使剩余能量较大的节点优先成为簇首,实现了簇首与其他节点之间的能耗均衡.最后分析了采用DCREDT选择算法进行多跳传输的总能耗,并仿真验证了该算法的合理性与有效性.
文摘提出一种基于盲信号分离的方法对MIMO信号进行调制识别.该方法对接收信号的相关矩阵作奇异值分解,用于估算发射天线数目,并对信号进行白化.采用特征值矩阵的联合近似对角化(joint approximate diagonalisation of eigen-matrices,JADE)算法对接收信号进行分离,恢复发送端信号.通过分析信号的频谱特征,提出4个新的特征参数,并结合四阶累积量实现对MIMO体制下6种信号调制方式的识别.识别过程中无需估计载波频率和符号率等参数,具有较强的实用性.仿真结果表明文中提出的方法具有良好的性能.
