Clinical Efficacy of Laparoscopic Radical Colorectal Cancer Treatment for Colorectal Cancer and Its Effect on Immune Function

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of laparoscopic radical colorectal cancer treatment in colorectal cancer patients.Methods:A total of 50 colorectal cancer patients treated between August 2018 and August 2023 were randomly divided into two groups:Group A underwent laparoscopic radical colorectal cancer surgery,while Group B received open surgery.Clinical indicators,inflammatory factors,immune function indicators,and complications were compared between the two groups.Results:Group A showed significantly shorter operation times,faster recovery times,and reduced hospital stays compared to Group B.Additionally,Group A had less abdominal drainage and intraoperative bleeding(P<0.05).Levels of interleukin(IL)-4,IL-6,ultrasensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)were lower in Group A compared to Group B(P<0.05).Furthermore,immune function indicators,including CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,and CD4+/CD8+ratios,were better in Group A(P<0.05).The complication rate in Group A was also lower than in Group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:Laparoscopic radical treatment for colorectal cancer is efficient and feasible,causing minimal immune function impairment and inflammatory response.It also shortens postoperative recovery time.

Laparoscopic vs open surgery for gastric cancer: Assessing time, recovery, complications, and markers

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is one of the most common cancers worldwide.Morbidity and mortality have increased in recent years,making it an urgent issue to address.La-paroscopic radical surgery(LRS)is a crucial method for treating patients with GC;However,its influence on tumor markers is still under investigation.The data of 194 patients treated at Chongqing University Cancer Hospital bet-ween January 2018 and January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients who underwent traditional open surgery and LRS were assigned to the control(n=90)and observation groups(n=104),respectively.Independent sample t-tests andχ2 tests were used to compare the two groups based on clinical efficacy,changes in tumor marker levels after treatment,clinical data,and the incidence of posto-perative complications.To investigate the association between tumor marker levels and clinical efficacy in patients with GC,three-year recurrence rates in the two groups were compared.RESULTS Patients in the observation group had a shorter duration of operation,less in-traoperative blood loss,an earlier postoperative eating time,and a shorter hospital stay than those in the control group(P<0.05).No significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding the number of lymph node dissections(P>0.05).After treatment,the overall response rate in the control group was significantly lower than that in the observation group(P=0.001).Furthermore,after treatment,the levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9,cancer antigen 72-4,carcinoembryonic antigen,and cancer antigen 125 decreased significantly.The observation group also exhibited a significantly lower incidence rate of postoperative complications compared to the control group(P<0.001).Additionally,the two groups did not significantly differ in terms of three-year survival and recurrence rates(P>0.05).CONCLUSION LRS effectively treats early gastric cancer by reducing intraoperative bleeding,length of hospital stays,and postoperative complications.It also significantly lowers tumor marker levels,thus improving the short-term prognosis of the disease.

Effect of laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer on immune function, stress response and gastrointestinal hormones in patients with colon cancer

Objective:To investigate the effect of laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer on immune function, stress response and gastrointestinal hormones in patients with colon cancer. Method:140 patients with colon cancer admitted to a hospital from January 2016 to November 2017 were divided into control group and observation group according to the operation method, 70 cases in each group. The control group was treated with open radical resection of colon cancer, while the observation group was treated with laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer. The changes of immune function, stress response, visceral protein and gastrointestinal hormone were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results:There was no significant difference in immune function, stress response, visceral protein and gastrointestinal hormone between the two groups before operation (P>0.05). The ratio of Th1 cells was decreased, while the ratio of Th2, Th17 and Treg cells was increased in the two groups (P<0.05). The proportion of Th1 cells in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,while the ratio of Th2, Th17 and Treg cells in the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The levels of Cor, E and NE were increased in the two groups (P<0.05). And the levels of Cor, E and NE in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The levels of PA, TRF and RBP were decreased in the two groups (P<0.05). And PA, TRF and RBP levels were higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). The GAS, MTL and GIP levels were lower in the two groups (P<0.05). And the GAS, MTL and GIP levels in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Laparoscopic radical mastectomy has little effect on the immune function of patients. It can alleviate the surgical stress response to a certain extent, which is beneficial to the recovery of gastrointestinal function and can be extended to clinical application.

Spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy from multi-port to reducedport surgery approach

BACKGROUND Minimally invasive pancreatic surgery via the multi-port approach has become a primary surgical method for distal pancreatectomy(DP)due to its advantages of lower wound pain and superior cosmetic results.Some studies have applied reduced-port techniques for DP in an attempt to enhance cosmetic outcomes due to the minimally invasive effects.Numerous recent review studies have compared multi-port laparoscopic DP(LDP)and multi-port robotic DP(RDP);most of these studies concluded multi-port RDP is more beneficial than multi-port LDP for spleen preservation.However,there have been no comprehensive reviews of the value of reduced-port LDP and reduced-port RDP.AIM To search for and review the studies on spleen preservation and the clinical outcomes of minimally invasive DP that compared reduced-port DP surgery with multi-port DP surgery.METHODS The PubMed medical database was searched for articles published between 2013 and 2022.The search terms were implemented using the following Boolean search algorithm:(“distal pancreatectomy”OR“left pancreatectomy”OR“peripheral pancreatic resection”)AND(“reduced-port”OR“single-site”OR“single-port”OR“dual-incision”OR“single-incision”)AND(“spleen-preserving”OR“spleen preservation”OR“splenic preservation”).A literature review was conducted to identify studies that compared the perioperative outcomes of reduced-port LDP and reduced-port RDP.RESULTS Fifteen articles published in the period from 2013 to 2022 were retrieved using three groups of search terms.Two studies were added after manually searching the related papers.Finally,10 papers were selected after removing case reports(n=3),non-English language papers(n=1),technique papers(n=1),reviews(n=1),and animal studies(n=1).The common items were defined as items reported in more than five papers,and data on these common items were extracted from all papers.The ten studies included a total of 337 patients(females/males:231/106)who underwent DP.In total,166 patients(females/males,106/60)received multi-port LDP,126(females/males,90/36)received reduced-port LDP,and 45(females/males,35/10)received reduced-port RDP.CONCLUSION Reduced-port RDP leads to a lower intraoperative blood loss,a lower postoperative pancreatic fistula rate,and shorter hospital stay and follow-up duration,but has a lower spleen preservation rate.

Laparoscopic treatment for suspected gallbladder cancer confined to the wall： a 10-year study from a single institution

Objective： Although laparoscopic treatment of gallbladder cancer（GBC） has been explored in the last decade,long-term results are still rare. This study evaluates long-term results of intended laparoscopic treatment for suspected GBC confined to the gallbladder wall, based on our experience over 10 years.Methods： Between August 2006 and December 2015, 164 patients with suspected GBC confined to the wall were enrolled in the protocol for laparoscopic surgery. The process for GBC treatment was analyzed to evaluate the feasibility of computed tomography（CT） and/or magnetic resonance imaging（MRI） combined with frozen-section examination in identifying GBC confined to the wall. Of 159 patients who underwent the intended laparoscopic radical treatment, 47 with pathologically proven GBC were investigated to determine the safety and oncologic outcomes of a laparoscopic approach to GBC.Results： Among the 164 patients, 5 patients avoided further radical surgery because of unresectable disease and12 were converted to open surgery; in the remaining 147 patients, totally laparoscopic treatment was successfully accomplished. Extended cholecystectomy was performed in 37 patients and simple cholecystectomy in 10. The T stages based on final pathology were Tis（n=6）, T1 a（n=2）, T1 b（n=9）, T2（n=26）, and T3（n=4）. Recurrence was detected in 11 patients over a median follow-up of 51 months. The disease-specific 5-year survival rate of these 47 patients was 68.8%, and rose to 85% for patients with a normal cancer antigen 19-9（CA19-9） level.Conclusions： The favorable long-term outcomes demonstrate the feasibility of combined CT/MRI and frozensection examination in the selection of patients with GBC confined to the gallbladder wall, confirm the oncologic safety of laparoscopic treatment in selected GBC patients, and favor measurement of preoperative CA19-9 in the selection of GBCs suitable for laparoscopic treatment.

在有在开的远侧的 gastrectomy 以后的地点 inversus totalis 的一个病人的 Laparoscopic hemicolectomy

Situs inversus totalis(SIT) is a rare anomaly in which the abdominal and thoracic cavity structures are opposite their usual positions.Occasionally,a few patients with a combination of this condition and malignant tumors have been encountered.Recently,several laparoscopic operations have been reported in patients with SIT.We report a case of an 83-year-old man with situs inversus totalis who developed colon cancer after open distal gastrectomy.Laparoscopic hemicolectomy with radical lymphadenectomy in such a patient was successfully performed by careful consideration of the mirror-image anatomy.Techniques themselves was not different from those in ordinary cases.Thus,curative laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer in the presence of situs inversus totalis is feasible and safe.

胸腹腔镜食管癌根治术联合早期肠内营养支持治疗老年食管癌的临床观察

目的:研究胸腹腔镜根治术联合早期肠内营养支持治疗老年食管癌的效果。方法:研究对象选取2018年01月至2021年12月我院收治的96例老年食管癌患者,按照随机数字法分为观察组和对照组,每组各48例。对照组术后采取肠外营养支持治疗,观察组术后采取肠内营养支持治疗,比较两组患者术后住院时间、肛门排气时间、首次排便时间、下床活动时间、恢复饮食时,以及术前及术后7 d的营养相关状况指标白蛋白(ALB)、总蛋白(TP)、前白蛋白(PA)和体质量指数(BMI),免疫功能相关指标CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+),观察两组主要并发症的发生情况。结果:观察组住院时间、肛门排气时间、首次排便时间、恢复饮食时间均少于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后7 d的ALB、TP、PA、BMI均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后7 d的CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组吻合口瘘、肺部并发症及总并发症的发生率(P<0.05),均低于对照组。结论:早期肠内营养支持可以有效改善老年患者在胸腹腔镜联合食管癌根治术后营养状态,增强免疫功能,减少并发症,促进术后恢复,具有较大临床价值。

国产Agibot^(■)腔镜机器人首次人体试验手术3例报道

本文回顾性分析了我院2023年12月实施国产Agibot^(■)腔镜机器人人体试验的患者3例,均为男性,前列腺癌2例,肾癌1例。年龄44.8~75.4岁,其中根治性前列腺切除术2例(受试者编号Y01001、Y01002)、肾部分切除术1例(受试者编号Y01003)。手术均顺利完成,无中转开放或普通腹腔镜手术,无术中及术后并发症,无输血。2例根治性前列腺切除术的术前机器安装时间4~8 min,手术时间132~141 min,引流管引流时间3d,术后住院时间3~5 d,术后病理诊断为前列腺腺癌,术后30 d随访前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)均<0.1μg/L。1例肾部分切除术的术前机器安装时间6min,手术时间87 min,热缺血时间24 min,引流管引流时间3 d,术后住院时间7 d,术后病理诊断为肾透明细胞癌,切缘阴性。术中指标及术后结果表明国产Agibot^(■)腔镜机器人手术效果良好,患者康复顺利。长期影响有待通过大样本、多中心、长期随访研究进一步验证。

经腹与经腹膜外腹腔镜根治术在前列腺癌治疗中的应用比较

目的比较前列腺癌患者应用经腹与经腹膜外腹腔镜根治术的临床效果。方法采用回顾性分析,收集接受腹腔镜根治术的140例前列腺癌患者临床资料,依据手术方式不同分为经腹组(n=70)与经腹膜外组(n=70),所有患者术后均接受6个月随访。由研究者设计基线资料调查表,详细收集患者一般资料、围术期指标(术中出血量、手术时长、肠道功能恢复时间、术后尿管拔除时间),同时统计2组患者术前及术后6个月时控尿率、最大尿流率及术后6个月内并发症发生情况。结果经腹膜外组术中出血量、肠道功能恢复时间、术后尿管拔除时间均低于经腹组,而手术时间长于经腹组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组术前控尿率及最大尿流率对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后6个月,经腹膜外组控尿率及最大尿流率均大于经腹组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组术后6个月内并发症发生率对比,经腹膜外组低于经腹组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与经腹入路相比,经腹膜外行腹腔镜根治术可有效缩短前列腺癌患者肠道功能恢复时间及术后尿管拔除时间,且能够减少术中出血量,增强患者术后控尿能力,且并发症发生率较低,但手术时间较长,临床需依据患者情况选择合适的入路。

腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术治疗结直肠癌的疗效

目的 探究分析腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术治疗结直肠癌的疗效。方法 选取2019年2月至2023年1月我院普外科收治的50例结直肠癌患者作为研究对象,随机分为对照组(开腹手术)与观察组(腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术),对比两组的治疗效果、临床相关指标、应激反应状态、炎症因子水平、胃动素与胃泌素水平、并发症发生率以及生活质量。结果 观察组治疗效果、临床相关指标、应激反应状态、炎症因子水平、胃动素与胃泌素水平、并发症发生率以及生活质量均优于对照组(P <0.05)。结论 腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术可显著改善患者病情状态、临床效果、并发症发生情况以及生活质量,安全可靠。

膀胱癌组织LncRNA SPINT1-AS1表达及临床意义

目的检测膀胱癌组织长链非编码核糖核酸(LncRNA)丝氨酸肽酶抑制剂Kunitz 1型反义核糖核酸1(SPINT1-AS1)表达并探讨其临床意义。方法选取安阳市第三人民医院泌尿外科2018年1月至2023年2月收治的328例行腹腔镜下根治术膀胱癌患者作为研究对象,RT-qPCR检测膀胱癌组织和切缘正常组织LncRNA SPINT1-AS1的表达。比较不同临床病理特征患者癌组织LncRNA SPINT1-AS1的表达;随访至2023年5月,分析膀胱癌组织LncRNA SPINT1-AS1的表达与腹腔镜下根治术后复发的关系;Cox回归分析探讨影响膀胱癌患者腹腔镜下根治术后复发的危险因素。结果LncRNA SPINT1-AS1在膀胱癌组织的表达高于切缘正常组织(P<0.05);肌层浸润、TNM分期≥Ⅱb期、最大肿瘤直径≥3 cm、多发病灶、有淋巴结转移患者膀胱癌组织LncRNA SPINT1-AS1的表达分别高于非肌层浸润性、TNM分期<Ⅱb期、最大肿瘤直径<3 cm、单发病灶、无淋巴结转移患者(P<0.05);随访期间患者腹腔镜下根治术后复发率为15.88%(47/296);肌层浸润(HR=1.692,95%CI:1.157~2.475)、TNM分期≥Ⅱb期(HR=1.784,95%CI:1.187~2.682)、多发病灶(HR=1.837,95%CI:1.200~2.810)、膀胱癌组织LncRNA SPINT1-AS1表达(HR=1.557,95%CI:1.195~2.029)均为腹腔镜下根治术后复发的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论膀胱癌组织LncRNA SPINT1-AS1表达高于切缘正常组织,肌层浸润、TNM分期≥Ⅱb期、多发病灶及癌组织LncRNA SPINT1-AS1表达均为膀胱癌腹腔镜下根治术后复发的危险因素。

腹腔镜根治术与开腹手术治疗结直肠癌的临床效果及术后并发症比较

目的比较腹腔镜根治术与开腹手术治疗结直肠癌的临床效果及术后并发症。方法选择2021年5月至2023年5月我院收治的结直肠癌患者90例,随机分为观察组(n=45)与对照组(n=45)。对照组行开腹手术,观察组行腹腔镜根治术。比较两组围术期指标及术后并发症。结果两组手术时间、术中标本切除长度、淋巴结清扫数量比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。观察组术后恢复时间、住院时间短于对照组,出血量、并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜根治术治疗结直肠癌的效果优于开腹手术,创伤较小,术后恢复较快,并发症较少,值得临床推广应用。

腹腔镜改良Soave短肌鞘术式治疗小儿先天性巨结肠的疗效、安全性及对排便功能的影响

目的 观察腹腔镜改良Soave短肌鞘术式治疗小儿先天性巨结肠(HD)的临床疗效、安全性及对排便功能的影响。方法 我院2018年1月~2023年5月收治的HD患儿91例,按照随机数字表法分为观察组(腹腔镜改良Soave短肌鞘术式,41例)和对照组(传统腹腔镜Soave巨结肠根治术,50例)。比较两组患儿的手术时间、术中出血量、术后排便时间、术后住院时间、切除肠管长度以及术前灌肠时间,比较两组患儿手术前后白细胞计数(WBC)和C反应蛋白(CRP)水平,比较两组患儿术后12小时、24小时、36小时、48小时的疼痛评分,比较两组患儿术后排便功能和术后并发症发生情况。结果 观察组患儿手术时间(134.07±22.08)分钟、术中出血量(5.17±0.87)ml、术后排便时间(2.10±0.32)天、术后住院时间(7.59±1.25)天、切除肠管长度(15.24±2.25)厘米以及术前灌肠时间(13.61±2.14)分钟均少于短于对照组[(159.78±25.44)分钟、(7.61±1.41)ml、(2.46±0.53)天、(10.59±1.84)天、(16.67±2.54)厘米、(16.44±2.57)分钟],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);手术后两组患儿血清WBC、CRP水平均上升,但观察组血清WBC、CRP水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患儿在术后12小时、24小时、36小时、48小时的疼痛评分(3.42±0.69、3.17±0.64、2.52±0.58、2.06±0.53)均低于对照组(4.47±0.76、3.78±0.72、3.31±0.66、2.83±0.64),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患儿术后排便功能比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患儿术后并发症总发生率为17.07%,低于对照组的34.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 应用腹腔镜改良Soave短肌鞘术治疗HD,可改善各临床指标和排便功能,缓解术后疼痛,降低感染程度,减少术后并发症,安全性更高。

基于膜解剖理论的胸、腹腔镜联合食管癌根治术

目的探讨膜解剖理论应用于胸、腹腔镜联合食管癌根治术的可行性及临床意义。方法回顾性分析2018年12月~2021年10月行基于膜解剖理论的胸、腹腔镜联合食管癌根治术142例资料。将食管系膜、食管癌以及食管系膜内的神经、血管、淋巴系统、脂肪组织、胃上部、胃左系膜、胃左淋巴结作为一个整体切除。术中可见食管周围含疏松结缔组织的间隙为食管筋膜融合间隙。前10例使用纳米炭示踪标记,显示食管淋巴液引流至胃左淋巴结。结果142例手术顺利,手术时间150~230(184.6±21.3)min,术中出血量20~100(46.7±16.8)ml,清扫淋巴结12~41(23.5±7.3)枚,97例淋巴结阳性;术后胸腔引流时间3~10(7.1±2.5)d,经口进流食时间5~10(7.6±1.7)d,总住院时间9~20(14.0±4.6)d。术后并发症发生率21.8%(31/142),包括吻合口漏7例(4.9%),吻合口狭窄9例(6.3%),声音嘶哑9例(6.3%),残胃炎6例(4.2%)。无术后出血、乳糜漏、感染或术后30 d内死亡。142例随访11~35个月,中位数26个月,无复发和死亡。结论食管周围存在构成“信封”的系膜结构,膜解剖理论适用于食管癌的治疗,基于膜解剖理论的食管癌根治术安全、有效、可行。

单一术者65例机器人辅助腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术的学习曲线分析

目的探讨单一术者机器人辅助腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术(RARP)的学习曲线,为拟开展RARP的医师提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2022年9月-2023年12月上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院泌尿外科65例行RARP治疗的前列腺癌患者的相关资料。患者中位年龄为67.5(58.1~82.4)岁,中位总前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)为15.6(6.7~98.4)ng/mL,中位身体质量指数(BMI)为20.8(17.4~27.3),术前肿瘤临床分期T2aN0M0~T3bN1M0。使用累积和方法(CUSUM)对RARP装机时间和手术时间的学习曲线进行拟合,根据曲线的拐点数据,将术者的学习曲线分为不同的学习阶段,并对在不同学习阶段进行手术的患者临床资料进行比较。结果RARP的学习曲线手术例数为12例。65例手术分为3个阶段:1~12例为学习阶段,13~43例为掌握阶段,44~65例为熟练阶段。随着手术例数的增加,3个阶段的中位手术时间[191(100~360)min vs.116(83~165)min vs.90(75~105)min]和中位术中出血量[403(180~900)mL vs.236(180~305)mL vs.94(30~200)mL]均呈逐渐下降的趋势(P<0.05)。学习阶段的中位装机时间明显长于掌握阶段和熟练阶段[25(21~28)min vs.12(11~15)min vs.12(11~14)min](P<0.05)。学习阶段的手术切缘阳性率(PSM)明显高于掌握阶段和熟练阶段(41.7%vs.22.6%vs.22.7%)(P<0.05)。结论对于传统腹腔镜手术经验丰富的术者,RARP的学习曲线手术例数为12例左右,经过43例手术后,手术时间和术中出血量可进一步降低。

术前NPRI水平对行腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术患者近期并发症发生的影响

目的探讨术前中性粒细胞与前白蛋白比值(NPRI)水平对行腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术患者近期并发症发生的影响。方法回顾性分析2015年6月至2017年6月南京医科大学附属泰州市人民医院收治的302例腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术患者的临床资料,根据患者术后近期并发症发生情况将其分为并发症组(n=49)和无并发症组(n=253)。通过多因素logistic回归分析影响患者术后近期并发症发生的因素。通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析术前NPRI水平预测术后近期并发症发生的效能。分析患者术前NPRI水平与临床特征及术后并发症严重程度的关联性。结果302例患者中有49例术后发生一种或多种并发症,共计59例次,根据Clavien-Dindo分级系统,发生Ⅰ级术后并发症27例次,Ⅱ级11例次,Ⅲa级6例次,Ⅲb级9例次,Ⅳ级6例次。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,腹部手术史[OR(95%CI)=2.708(1.077~6.810)]、手术时间长[OR(95%CI)=1.060(1.037~1.084)]、CEA≥5 ng/mL[OR(95%CI)=3.245(1.395~7.549)]以及较高的术前NPRI水平[OR(95%CI)=1.530(1.230~1.904)]是结直肠癌腹腔镜根治术后患者发生近期并发症的独立危险因素。ROC曲线分析结果显示,术前NPRI水平能有效预测结直肠癌患者腹腔镜根治术后近期并发症的发生情况[AUC(95%CI)=0.781(0.700~0.848),P<0.001],最佳截断值为3.94,其对应的灵敏度为59.20%,特异度为85.40%。与低NPRI组(<3.94)相比,高NPRI组(≥3.94)的年龄更大,术前血红蛋白水平更低,手术时间更长,肿瘤位于结肠、肿瘤最大直径≥5 cm、肿瘤病理分期为Ⅲ期的人数比例更大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与低NPRI组相比,高NPRI组术后并发症发生率更高(χ^(2)=47.725,P<0.05),严重并发症发生风险更大(χ^(2)=4.639,P=0.031)。结论较高的术前NPRI水平是行结直肠癌腹腔镜根治术患者发生近期并发症的危险因素,且与并发症的严重程度存在关联性。

经会阴穿刺注射玻璃酸钠扩张狄氏间隙改良前列腺根治性切除术安全性的动物实验

目的通过动物实验组织学观察,探讨经直肠超声引导下经会阴穿刺注射玻璃酸钠扩张狄氏间隙在提升腹腔镜下前列腺根治性切除术安全性方面的价值。方法选用健康雄性纯种比格犬14只,随机分为两组,每组7只。对照组采用常规腹腔镜行根治性前列腺切除,实验组经直肠超声引导下穿刺狄氏间隙注射玻璃酸钠2.5 mL后行腹腔镜根治性前列腺切除。观察两组比格犬总手术时间、分离前列腺时间、术中出血量、直肠状态。结果经前列腺与直肠之间的狄氏间隙注射玻璃酸钠操作后,切下的前列腺中未见直肠组织,且两组后方直肠未见明显损伤。术后对照组血红蛋白(HGB)为(118.70±2.56)g/L低于实验组的(122.10±2.19)g/L(P=0.02);对照组总手术时间为(141.40±9.80)min长于实验组的(119.10±9.16)min(P<0.05);对照组分离前列腺时间为(24.99±1.75)min长于实验组的(16.64±2.34)min(P<0.05);实验组术中出血量为(34.86±5.18)mL明显低于对照组的(47.43±4.32)mL(P<0.05)。结论在动物实验中,经直肠超声引导下穿刺狄氏间隙注射玻璃酸钠2.5 mL后行腹腔镜根治性前列腺切除可缩短总手术时间、分离前列腺时间,减少出血量,可能降低了直肠损伤这一严重并发症的发生率。本研究初步确立了这一方法用于临床前列腺癌根治术的可行性。

智能气腹系统在机器人根治性前列腺切除术中的应用

目的 探讨AirSeal智能气腹系统在机器人辅助腹腔镜根治性前列腺切除手术中的应用效果。方法 选择2019年12月至2022年12月机器人辅助腹腔镜根治性前列腺切除手术患者100例,随机分成观察组与对照组各50例,观察组术中采用AirSeal智能气腹系统维持气腹,对照组术中采用STORZ或OLYMPUS等标准系统自动气腹机维持气腹,比较两组手术持续时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间、住院总费用、术后4h、8h、24h肩部疼痛程度及医师满意度。结果 两组患者手术均顺利完成,无严重并发症,观察组手术持续时间(150.76±32.47)min,短于对照组(163.32±29.54)min,差异有统计学意义(P=0.046);术后8 h观察组肩部疼痛程度比对照组轻,差异有统计学意义(P=0.041);观察组各维度满意度均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 AirSeal智能气腹系统在机器人辅助腹腔镜根治性前列腺切除手术中能缩短手术时间,缓解患者术后肩部疼痛,提高术者满意度,有一定的临床应用价值。

精准营养联合情绪释放干预对腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术患者营养水平、免疫功能及心理韧性的影响

目的:探讨精准营养联合情绪释放干预对腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术患者营养水平、免疫功能及心理韧性的影响。方法:选取2021年6月—2022年12月于宜春市人民医院进行腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术的患者64例,根据随机数字表法分为两组。对照组(n=32)采用常规肠外营养疗法及情绪释放干预,研究组(n=32)采用精准营养疗法联合情绪释放干预。对两组营养水平、免疫功能及心理韧性进行对比及分析。结果:干预后研究组血红蛋白(hemoglobin,Hb)、白蛋白(albumin,ALB)、血清总蛋白(serum total protein,STP)、转铁蛋白(transferrin,TRF)水平均较对照组更高(P<0.05)。干预后研究组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均较对照组更高(P<0.05)。干预后研究组免疫球蛋白(immunoglobulin,Ig)A、IgG、IgM水平均较对照组更高(P<0.05)。干预后研究组坚韧、乐观、力量评分及总分均较对照组更高(P<0.05)。结论:精准营养疗法联合情绪释放干预能有效增强腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术患者营养状况、免疫功能及心理韧性。

快速康复外科理念联合手术路径的改进在腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术病人围手术期中的应用

目的探讨快速康复外科理念联合手术入路的改进在腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术病人围手术期中的应用价值。方法将我院收治的30例行腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术的病人随机分为对照组(15例)和观察组(15例),对照组接受常规的围手术期处理,手术方式为经腹腔路径腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术,观察组接受快速康复外科干预模式,手术方式为经腹膜外路径腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术,比较2组术中、术后情况,以及并发症的差异。结果2组手术时间、术中出血量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组术后下床活动的时间、VAS评分、肛门排气时间、盆腔引流管及导尿管留置的时间、住院时间及住院费用均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组呼吸道症状、消化道症状、肠梗阻、泌尿系感染、切口感染的发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05),观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论快速康复外科理念联合手术入路的改进应用于腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术病人,可减少术后并发症、加速康复进程、节省医疗费用,值得临床应用和推广。