Multi-blade rubbing characteristics of the shaft-disk-blade-casing system with large rotation

Blade rubbing faults cause detrimental impact on the operation of aeroengines. Most of the existing studies on blade rubbing in the shaft-disk-blade-casing(SDBC) system have overlooked the elastic deformation of the blade, while some only consider the whirl of the rotor, neglecting its spin. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a dynamic model with large rotation for the SDBC system. The model incorporates the spin and whirl of the rotor, enabling the realistic reproduction of multiblade rubbing faults. To verify the accuracy of the SDBC model with large rotation and demonstrate its capability to effectively consider the rotational effects such as the centrifugal stiffening and gyroscopic effects, the natural characteristics and dynamic responses of the proposed model are compared with those obtained from reported research and experimental results. Furthermore, the effects of the rotating speed, contact stiffness,and blade number on the dynamic characteristics of the SDBC system with multi-blade rubbing are investigated. The results indicate that the phase angle between the rotor deflection and the unbalance excitation force increases with the increasing rotating speed,which significantly influences the rubbing penetration of each blade. The natural frequency of the SDBC system with rubbing constrain can be observed in the acceleration response of the casing and the torsional response of the shaft, and the frequency is related to the contact stiffness. Moreover, the vibration amplitude increases significantly with the product of the blade number under rubbing, and the rotating frequency approaches the natural frequency of the SDBC system. The proposed model can provide valuable insight for the fault diagnosis of rubbing in bladed rotating machinery.

Numerical investigation on the flow and power of small-sized multi-bladed straight Darrieus wind turbine

Straight Darrieus wind turbine has attractive characteristics such as the ability to accept wind from random direction and easy installation and maintenance. But its aerodynamic performance is very complicated,especially for the existence of dynamic stall. How to get better aerodynamic performance arouses lots of interests in the design procedure of a straight Darrieus wind turbine. In this paper,mainly the effects of number of blades and tip speed ratio are discussed. Based on the numerical investigation,an assumed asymmetric straight Darrieus wind turbine is proposed to improve the averaged power coefficient. As to the numerical method,the flow around the turbine is simulated by solving the 2D unsteady Navier-Stokes equation combined with continuous equation. The time marching method on a body-fitted coordinate system based on MAC (Marker-and-Cell) method is used. O-type grid is generated for the whole calculation domain. The characteristics of tangential and normal force are discussed related with dynamic stall of the blade. Averaged power coefficient per period of rotating is calculated to evaluate the eligibility of the turbine.

Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Multi-Bladed Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Rotor

The principal objective of this work was to investigate the 3D flow field around a multi-bladed horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) rotor and to investigate its performance characteristics. The aerodynamic performance of this novel rotor design was evaluated by means of a Computational Fluid Dynamics commercial package. The Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations were selected to model the physics of the incompressible Newtonian fluid around the blades. The Shear Stress Transport (SST) k-ω turbulence model was chosen for the assessment of the 3D flow behavior as it had widely used in other HAWT studies. The pressure-based simulation was done on a model representing one-ninth of the rotor using a 40-degree periodicity in a single moving reference frame system. Analyzing the wake flow behavior over a wide range of wind speeds provided a clear vision of this novel rotor configuration. From the analysis, it was determined that the flow becomes accelerated in outer wake region downstream of the rotor and by placing a multi-bladed rotor with a larger diameter behind the forward rotor resulted in an acceleration of this wake flow which resulted in an increase the overall power output of the wind machine.

Bionic Volute Tongue Optimization Design of Multi-blade Centrifugal Fan Inspired by the Wave Leading-edge of Humpback Whale Flippers

The volute tongue can split the gas in the multi-blade centrifugal fan to make the gas flow to the volute outlet as much as possible.However,the unsteady axial deflection of the gas in the impeller results in different air flow angles at the outlet of the impeller at different blade heights.This seriously affects the flow near the volute tongue.The wave leading-edge structure of humpback whale flippers has a very high flow control effect under complex flow conditions.Therefore,the wave leading-edge structure is studied in this paper and applied to the optimization design of multi-blade centrifugal fan volute tongue.First,based on the wave leading-edge structure of humpback whale flippers,three-dimensional wave leading-edge airfoils with different wave direction angles are established to judge the adaptability of the new wave leading-edge structure under different attack angles.Then,aiming at the internal flow field and noise characteristics of multi-blade centrifugal fan,a bionic volute tongue optimization design method is proposed,and studied its influence on the internal flow field and noise characteristics of the fan.The results show that when the wave direction angle is 45°,the wave leading-edge structure can effectively suppress the generation of the leading-edge separation vortex and the shedding of the wake vortex,which is also helpful to reduce the noise.The bionic volute tongue with the wave leading-edge structure can adapt to the situation that the impeller outlet air flow angle is small.At the maximum volume flow rate operating point,the static pressure recovery coefficient of the bionic volute tongue fan is increased by about 5%compared to the original fan,the air volume is increased by 5.16%,and the noise is reduced by 0.6 dB.

Performances and Acoustic Noise of Micro Multi-blade Fan

In this paper, the performances and the acoustic noise of the traditional type micro multi-blade fan were investi- gated experimentally and numerically, to optimize the specifications of the fan for the resident circumstances. The acoustic noise level decreases but the efficiency deteriorates slightly with the increase of the blade number of the impeller. Besides, the acoustic noise decreases with the increase of the distance between the impeller outlet and the volute tongue, in accompanying with the increase of the input and the deterioration of the fan efficiency.

多翼离心风机蜗壳气动性能与出风均匀性优化设计

以某型号风暖浴霸吹风系统的多翼离心风机为研究对象,利用ANSYS Fluent 2020 R2对原型风机的出口风量与均匀度进行仿真分析,结果显示仿真与实测误差在5%以内,验证了用CFD数值模拟方法来优化浴霸多翼离心风机的可靠性.将蜗壳型线参数化,通过正交试验设计,针对蜗舌放置角α、蜗舌半径R、等角螺线常数A(蜗壳周向面积)与风轮移动距离L(蜗舌与叶轮间隙)4个因素,制定了16组参数组合方案并进行了CFD数值模拟,得到各方案的出口风量与均匀度,并由均值与极差分析确定了最优参数组合.通过数值计算结果可知,优化后的风机在蜗舌附近区域湍流强度减小,内部流动改善.测试结果显示,优化后的风机出口风量提升7.3%,均匀度提升4.5%,全压效率提升5.9%.显著提升了风暖浴霸离心风机的出风性能和出口风速分布均匀性,对提高风暖浴霸取暖效率和增强人体舒适性有重要意义.

多翼离心风机气动噪声数值预测

文章采用计算流体力学软件Fluent对多翼离心风机的内部流场进行三维的定常和非定常数值模拟,并对数值结果进行了分析。数值结果与试验结果的对比分析表明了数值模拟具有较好的准确性和可信度。随后,基于流场的计算结果进行声场的数值计算,结果表明:基于非定常流动的FW-H声压模型可获得多翼离心风机气动噪声主要噪声源在声学接收点处的噪声频谱,有助于更深层地了解声源的噪声特性以及明确噪声峰值所对应的频率段,为下一步进行有针对性的噪声控制研究提供有力的依据。

木工超薄圆锯片消音缝多目标优化设计

针对超薄圆锯片消音缝设计问题,提出并实施了一种基于MATLAB/ANSYS联合仿真协同非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)的多目标优化设计方法。通过Inspire软件采用变密度法进行拓扑优化,确定消音缝的设计域。构建以消音缝位置、角度及缝宽等形状参数为设计变量,以最大变形量、最大等效应力及整体振幅最小化为目标的多目标优化模型。通过MATLAB/ANSYS联合仿真协同NSGA-Ⅱ的策略,进行模型的优化求解。结果表明:4个优化解均能有效减少锯切过程中锯片的变形和整体振幅,为决策者提供了更广泛的选择空间。研究为圆锯片消音缝的多目标优化设计问题提供了可行的解决方案。

多翼离心风机叶轮内油性粒子沉积特性的数值研究

为了揭示多翼离心风机内部油性粒子沉积分布规律,减少风机内粒子沉积,采用Fluent离散相模型描述粒子运动,同时结合临界速度模型和用户自定义函数(UDF)建模油性粒子在壁面上的沉积,模拟研究了多翼离心风机内油性粒子的运动轨迹和沉积特性,并探究了颗粒直径对沉积分布的影响。结果表明:油性粒子沉积主要分布在叶片压力面,且靠近出口尾缘段尤为严重;由于进气条件不稳定,整机下内部流场更为紊乱,沉积情况也更为严重;大直径粒子受惯性力主导更容易沉积在叶片表面。针对油性粒子沉积分布规律及成因,提出了切割叶片减小叶片出口安装角从而减少叶轮内油性粒子沉积的方法。对于切割后的叶片,叶轮出口处流动分离区域减小,叶片尾缘段涡量减小,通过数值模拟和实验研究发现,叶轮内油性粒子沉积率分别下降了30.75%和30.66%,两者吻合良好,证实了提出的减小叶轮油性粒子沉积方法的有效性。

基于CFD的多叶可控网板水动力特性及压力流场研究

传统网板通过改变曳纲长度和拖速控制作业深度,通过改变网板与曳纲和手纲的固结点位置调整作业姿态,操作复杂。为了给可控变水层网板的设计研究提供科学参考,设计了一款多叶可控网板,通过数值模拟仿真计算流体动力学(Computational fluid dynamics,CFD)探究其不同部位(上端、下端)叶片的转动方向和转动角度(-40°~40°)对其水动力性能的变化影响。结果显示:1)叶片闭合时,多叶可控网板的升力系数在20°冲角时达到最大值0.88;其升阻比在5°冲角时达到最大值8.85。2)0°冲角时,网板两端叶片朝负方向转动,升力逐渐减小至0,并在转角为-20°时,升力变为相反方向;两端叶片朝正方向转动,升力系数先增大后减小,在转角为20°时达到最大值0.32;升阻比随叶片冲角的增加而减小。3)20°冲角时,网板两端叶片朝正方向转动,升力系数不断减小;叶片朝负方向转动,升力系数先增大后减小,在-10°转角时达到最大值1.05;升阻比在-20°转角时达到最大值5.25。4)两组冲角下,两端叶片分别朝正方向转动,Z轴分力系数均先增大后减小。

多翼离心风机集流器偏心安装对空调新风系统风量的影响

为了研究集流器对多翼离心风机的影响,基于真实空调新风系统模型,构建了空调新风系统多翼离心风机CFD三维模型。对集流器偏心前后的风机内部流场展开分析,最后得出集流器的合理偏心安装方案,并通过试验对其进行了验证。研究结果表明,当偏心角θ=120°,偏心距L=4.2 mm时,风机流道内流动情况得到明显优化,叶道堵塞情况得到改善,叶轮有效通流面积增大,叶轮出口气流速度提升,叶轮与集流器间的泄漏流减少,风机效率有所提升,蜗壳出口处风量提高3 m3/h,增幅约5.6%。研究结果可为多翼离心风机的优化设计提供参考。

基于多视数据重构损失标定的叶片型面光学检测

航发叶片型面检测是保证叶片加工质量、工作性能和使用寿命的关键环节。对此,该文开发一套基于线激光器的叶片型面检测平台;在完成线激光器与叶片相对位姿校准及Z向测量基准建立基础上,实现叶片型面特定截面处型线数据的多视采集;提出一种基于多视数据重构损失标定回转中心的型线重构方法。以两种典型燃气轮机导向叶片为检测对象,所提出方法获取的检测数据与三坐标测量机检测数据的对比结果表明,轮廓度检测平均绝对偏差在0.022 mm以内,最大标准偏差为0.0186 mm,最大RMS估计为0.0251 mm;特征参数检测最大偏差为0.0401mm。实验结果验证了所提出方法面向叶片型面检测的可行性。

砂土中多锚片螺旋锚上拔承载力计算方法研究

对于砂土中多锚片螺旋锚上拔承载机理和承载力学模型的研究,目前存在人为引入临界值将连续演化问题分割为特殊工况,但临界值取值标准又难以形成统一认识的问题。基于数值模拟分析了砂土中螺旋锚锚周土体滑动面的连续演化规律和理论表征方法,并进一步研究砂土中多锚片螺旋锚上拔力学模型和上拔承载力计算方法。所得主要结论为:1)多锚片螺旋锚上层锚的承载性状仅与其埋深比有关,与单锚表现一致;2)随着间距比的增大,下层锚承载性状受间距比的影响逐渐减小,直至独立承载;3)各层锚片锚周土体滑动面均可用椭圆的部分圆弧刻画,间距比很小时,椭圆的长短轴比取决于间距比而与埋深比无关,其余情况下椭圆的长短轴比均随埋深比的增大而减小;4)多锚片螺旋锚的上拔承载力学模型可通过各层锚的承载模型组合而成,下层锚力学模型的演化受埋深比和间距比的影响可分为3个连续阶段;5)与3个试验案例的对比计算证明了连续演化+组合式力学模型构建思路的合理性,相应的承载力计算方法也具有较好的精度和稳定性。

基于WPSO-BP和L-MBWO的多翼离心风机优化研究

针对多翼离心风机气动性能、噪声情况难以同时改进的问题,提出了一种基于变权重粒子群优化算法的反向传播神经网络风机性能预测模型(WPSO-BP),以及一种基于逻辑混沌初始化的多目标白鲸优化算法(L-MBWO),并将二者应用于多翼离心风机的优化设计中。首先,选取了叶片进出口角、倾斜蜗舌的最大蜗舌半径、叶片切除角度作为设计变量,把风机的全压、效率、声压级作为优化目标;然后,构建了WPSO-BP预测模型,以反映设计变量与优化目标之间的关系,定量分析对比了该模型与BP神经网络预测模型,预测值用于风机的性能优化;接着,将逻辑混沌初始化引入到白鲸优化算法(BWO),基于第三代非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅲ)构建了L-MBWO优化算法;最后,在实验验证仿真可靠的前提下,将提出的预测模型和优化算法应用于风机优化,并对优化效果进行了综合分析。研究结果表明:优化后的风机全压增加了34.79 Pa,效率提高了0.67%,噪声降低了1.73 dB,实现了多个优化目标之间的平衡,有效改善了风机的综合性能,为多翼离心风机的优化设计提供了一种新思路。

内置多叶扭带的碳化硅换热管强化传热特性研究

为了研究碳化硅换热管的流动和传热特性,达到增强综合换热能力的目的。采用数值模拟方法对内置4种不同结构扭带的换热管进行分析,确定四叶扭带模型作为后续研究对象,对比了在4种自定义的节距和宽度两种结构参数下,不同入口风速工况的换热管的热力性能。结果表明:扭带宽度对换热管的换热能力相较于节距具有更显著的强化作用,四叶扭带节距为360 mm、宽度为45 mm时换热管的综合换热能力最强,为1.59,此时换热管的努塞尔数相较光管提升了244.37%。

基于翼型加速流道的多叶离心风机设计方法

在叶轮结构参数优化方法和翼型叶片的研究基础上,本文针对多叶离心风机效率普遍较低的现状提出了一种基于翼型加速流道的多叶离心风机设计方法。该方法通过深入分析翼型结构及叶片出口角参数对加速流道的流动影响,建立了翼型加速流道的风机叶轮设计方法,在此基础上采用考虑粘性的蜗壳设计,形成了多叶离心风机的整体设计流程。将该设计方法应用于某款多叶离心风机设计实例,通过数值模拟结果表明:效率得到了明显的提升,为多叶离心风机的优化设计提供了新的思路和方法。

多连杆式下斜刃横切剪剪切力数值分析

针对多连杆式下斜刃横切剪剪切力求解问题,采用有限单元法建立了数值求解模型。用装配后的实物进行了剪切实验,将数值解和实验解、文献解进行对比,三者结果之间比较吻合,验证了数值求解模型合理性。对不同带材厚度h、剪刃侧向间隙Δ、下剪刃斜度tanα、剪切液压缸伸出速度v及上下剪刃磨损量ω下的横切剪剪切力分布规律进行了归纳。分析结果表明,下剪刃磨损对剪切力的分布影响大于上剪刃的磨损,剪切厚度为6mm的带材的最佳剪刃侧向间隙Δ可取为(0.4±0.1)mm、下剪刃斜度tanα可取为1/25、剪切液压缸伸出速度可取为(300±50)mm/s。提出了横切剪在设计、选型、电气调试以及实际使用过程中的一些建议。

多翼离心风机叶片参数优化设计对壁挂式空调新风部件的气动性能研究

随着城市化的发展,舒适健康以及审美需求逐年提升,新风空调的销量越来越大,新风量、新风噪声都越来越受到用户关注,新风带来的困扰越来越凸显。为改善多翼离心风机的气动性能和噪声值,基于CFD数值摸拟与实验测试相结合的方式对单圆弧叶轮进行全参数优化设计。通过响应面设计方法对叶片进口安装角βb_(1)、出口安装角βb_(2)、叶片内径D_(2)、叶片数Z几个参数进行参数化设计。经过多组方案计算,获得叶片参数与风量和功率的关系。研究发现通过调整叶轮参数,改善叶片流道内的流场分布,能够有效提高叶片的做功能力并且降低风机噪声性能。与原型相比,实测同风量噪声降低0.8dB(A),功率降低11.8%。

凹槽对多翼离心风机气动性能和噪声的影响

为降低多翼离心风机噪声,改善其气动性能,采用数值模拟方法研究了蜗舌处不同凹槽分布对多翼离心风机气动性能和噪声的影响。结果表明:凹槽减弱了叶轮出口射流-尾迹与蜗舌壁面干涉作用,叶轮与蜗舌之间的通道内部高涡量减小,流动稳定性增强。蜗壳壁面附面层厚度减小,回流及旋涡情况改善,反向压差引起的流动阻力减小,流动损失减小,出口气流动能提升,风量增大。L50G11型多翼离心风机风量增幅为3.17%,全压效率降幅为4.81%,气动性能变化不大;监测点的平均噪声降低,最大平均噪声降幅为4.7 dB,降噪效果最突出;L75G22型多翼离心风机监测点平均噪声值最大降幅为3.51 dB,噪声情况改善;风量增幅为4.30%,全压效率增幅为3.34%,气动性能优势明显。

多室连续混合设备桨叶设计参数优化

为优化多室连续混合设备的设计参数,开展多室连续混合设备桨叶多目标优化研究。以混合室单位体积功耗和混合室轴截面有效混合面积为目标函数,峰值剪切应力为约束变量,建立了基于径向基函数的多目标优化模型,采用正交试验设计和遗传算法对桨叶进行了参数优化,并对优化结果进行了CFD仿真和试验验证。结果表明,多室连续混合设备特性参量的显著影响因素为桨叶外径、桨叶-壁面间隙以及桨叶转速。相对于初始设计,优化后单位体积功耗降低了14.90%,混合室轴截面有效混合面积增加了4.10%,二者乘积降低了11.47%,峰值剪切应力降低了21.28%,在混合能力降低较少的情况下安全性获得了较大的提升,证明了基于径向基函数的多目标遗传算法在多室连续混合设备性能优化上的可行性。