Fault Diagnosis Model Based on Fuzzy Support Vector Machine Combined with Weighted Fuzzy Clustering

A fault diagnosis model is proposed based on fuzzy support vector machine (FSVM) combined with fuzzy clustering (FC).Considering the relationship between the sample point and non-self class,FC algorithm is applied to generate fuzzy memberships.In the algorithm,sample weights based on a distribution density function of data point and genetic algorithm (GA) are introduced to enhance the performance of FC.Then a multi-class FSVM with radial basis function kernel is established according to directed acyclic graph algorithm,the penalty factor and kernel parameter of which are optimized by GA.Finally,the model is executed for multi-class fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings.The results show that the presented model achieves high performances both in identifying fault types and fault degrees.The performance comparisons of the presented model with SVM and distance-based FSVM for noisy case demonstrate the capacity of dealing with noise and generalization.

Turbopump Condition Monitoring Using Incremental Clustering and One-class Support Vector Machine

Turbopump condition monitoring is a significant approach to ensure the safety of liquid rocket engine （LRE）.Because of lack of fault samples,a monitoring system cannot be trained on all possible condition patterns.Thus it is important to differentiate abnormal or unknown patterns from normal pattern with novelty detection methods.One-class support vector machine （OCSVM） that has been commonly used for novelty detection cannot deal well with large scale samples.In order to model the normal pattern of the turbopump with OCSVM and so as to monitor the condition of the turbopump,a monitoring method that integrates OCSVM with incremental clustering is presented.In this method,the incremental clustering is used for sample reduction by extracting representative vectors from a large training set.The representative vectors are supposed to distribute uniformly in the object region and fulfill the region.And training OCSVM on these representative vectors yields a novelty detector.By applying this method to the analysis of the turbopump＇s historical test data,it shows that the incremental clustering algorithm can extract 91 representative points from more than 36 000 training vectors,and the OCSVM detector trained on these 91 representative points can recognize spikes in vibration signals caused by different abnormal events such as vane shedding,rub-impact and sensor faults.This monitoring method does not need fault samples during training as classical recognition methods.The method resolves the learning problem of large samples and is an alternative method for condition monitoring of the LRE turbopump.

Multi-Class Support Vector Machine Classifier Based on Jeffries-Matusita Distance and Directed Acyclic Graph

Based on the framework of support vector machines( SVM) using one-against-one( OAO) strategy, a new multi-class kernel method based on directed acyclic graph( DAG) and probabilistic distance is proposed to raise the multi-class classification accuracies. The topology structure of DAG is constructed by rearranging the nodes' sequence in the graph. DAG is equivalent to guided operating SVM on a list,and the classification performance depends on the nodes' sequence in the graph. Jeffries-Matusita distance( JMD) is introduced to estimate the separability of each class,and the implementation list is initialized with all classes organized according to certain sequence in the list. To testify the effectiveness of the proposed method,numerical analysis is conducted on UCI data and hyperspectral data. Meanwhile,comparative studies using standard OAO and DAG classification methods are also conducted and the results illustrate better performance and higher accuracy of the proposed JMD-DAG method.

A Hierarchical Clustering and Fixed-Layer Local Learning Based Support Vector Machine Algorithm for Large Scale Classification Problems

It is a challenging topic to develop an efficient algorithm for large scale classification problems in many applications of machine learning. In this paper, a hierarchical clustering and fixed-layer local learning (HCFLL) based support vector machine(SVM) algorithm is proposed to deal with this problem. Firstly, HCFLL hierarchically clusters a given dataset into a modified clustering feature tree based on the ideas of unsupervised clustering and supervised clustering. Then it locally trains SVM on each labeled subtree at a fixed-layer of the tree. The experimental results show that compared with the existing popular algorithms such as core vector machine and decision-tree support vector machine, HCFLL can significantly improve the training and testing speeds with comparable testing accuracy.

Pashto Characters Recognition Using Multi-Class Enabled Support Vector Machine

During the last two decades signicant work has been reported in the eld of cursive language’s recognition especially,in the Arabic,the Urdu and the Persian languages.The unavailability of such work in the Pashto language is because of:the absence of a standard database and of signicant research work that ultimately acts as a big barrier for the research community.The slight change in the Pashto characters’shape is an additional challenge for researchers.This paper presents an efcient OCR system for the handwritten Pashto characters based on multi-class enabled support vector machine using manifold feature extraction techniques.These feature extraction techniques include,tools such as zoning feature extractor,discrete cosine transform,discrete wavelet transform,and Gabor lters and histogram of oriented gradients.A hybrid feature map is developed by combining the manifold feature maps.This research work is performed by developing a medium-sized dataset of handwritten Pashto characters that encapsulate 200 handwritten samples for each 44 characters in the Pashto language.Recognition results are generated for the proposed model based on a manifold and hybrid feature map.An overall accuracy rates of 63.30%,65.13%,68.55%,68.28%,67.02%and 83%are generated based on a zoning technique,HoGs,Gabor lter,DCT,DWT and hybrid feature maps respectively.Applicability of the proposed model is also tested by comparing its results with a convolution neural network model.The convolution neural network-based model generated an accuracy rate of 81.02%smaller than the multi-class support vector machine.The highest accuracy rate of 83%for the multi-class SVM model based on a hybrid feature map reects the applicability of the proposed model.

A Kernel Clustering Algorithm for Fast Training of Support Vector Machines

A new algorithm named kernel bisecting k-means and sample removal(KBK-SR) is proposed as sampling preprocessing for support vector machine(SVM) training to improve the efficiency.The proposed algorithm tends to quickly produce balanced clusters of similar sizes in the kernel feature space,which makes it efficient and effective for reducing training samples.Theoretical analysis and experimental results on three UCI real data benchmarks both show that,with very short sampling time,the proposed algorithm dramatically accelerates SVM sampling and training while maintaining high test accuracy.

Support vector machine-based multi-model predictive control

In this paper, a support vector machine-based multi-model predictive control is proposed, in which SVM classification combines well with SVM regression. At first, each working environment is modeled by SVM regression and the support vector machine network-based model predictive control （SVMN-MPC） algorithm corresponding to each environment is developed, and then a multi-class SVM model is established to recognize multiple operating conditions. As for control, the current environment is identified by the multi-class SVM model and then the corresponding SVMN-MPC controller is activated at each sampling instant. The proposed modeling, switching and controller design is demonstrated in simulation results.

Discussion About Nonlinear Time Series Prediction Using Least Squares Support Vector Machine

The least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) is used to study the nonlinear time series prediction.First, the parameter γ and multi-step prediction capabilities of the LS-SVM network are discussed. Then we employ clustering method in the model to prune the number of the support values. The learning rate and the capabilities of filtering noise for LS-SVM are all greatly improved.

TWIN SUPPORT TENSOR MACHINES FOR MCS DETECTION

Tensor representation is useful to reduce the overfitting problem in vector-based learning algorithm in pattern recognition.This is mainly because the structure information of objects in pattern analysis is a reasonable constraint to reduce the number of unknown parameters used to model a classifier.In this paper, we generalize the vector-based learning algorithm TWin Support Vector Machine(TWSVM) to the tensor-based method TWin Support Tensor Machines(TWSTM), which accepts general tensors as input.To examine the effectiveness of TWSTM, we implement the TWSTM method for Microcalcification Clusters(MCs) detection.In the tensor subspace domain, the MCs detection procedure is formulated as a supervised learning and classification problem, and TWSTM is used as a classifier to make decision for the presence of MCs or not.A large number of experiments were carried out to evaluate and compare the performance of the proposed MCs detection algorithm.By comparison with TWSVM, the tensor version reduces the overfitting problem.

A Fast Algorithm for Support Vector Clustering

Support Vector Clustering (SVC) is a kernel-based unsupervised learning clustering method. The main drawback of SVC is its high computational complexity in getting the adjacency matrix describing the connectivity for each pairs of points. Based on the proximity graph model [3], the Euclidean distance in Hilbert space is calculated using a Gaussian kernel, which is the right criterion to generate a minimum spanning tree using Kruskal's algorithm. Then the connectivity estimation is lowered by only checking the linkages between the edges that construct the main stem of the MST (Minimum Spanning Tree), in which the non-compatibility degree is originally defined to support the edge selection during linkage estimations. This new approach is experimentally analyzed. The results show that the revised algorithm has a better performance than the proximity graph model with faster speed, optimized clustering quality and strong ability to noise suppression, which makes SVC scalable to large data sets.

Recognition and Classification of Pomegranate Leaves Diseases by Image Processing and Machine Learning Techniques

Disease recognition in plants is one of the essential problems in agricultural image processing.This article focuses on designing a framework that can recognize and classify diseases on pomegranate plants exactly.The framework utilizes image processing techniques such as image acquisition,image resizing,image enhancement,image segmentation,ROI extraction(region of interest),and feature extraction.An image dataset related to pomegranate leaf disease is utilized to implement the framework,divided into a training set and a test set.In the implementation process,techniques such as image enhancement and image segmentation are primarily used for identifying ROI and features.An image classification will then be implemented by combining a supervised learning model with a support vector machine.The proposed framework is developed based on MATLAB with a graphical user interface.According to the experimental results,the proposed framework can achieve 98.39%accuracy for classifying diseased and healthy leaves.Moreover,the framework can achieve an accuracy of 98.07%for classifying diseases on pomegranate leaves.

切入场景下基于碰撞风险聚类的改进车速预测方法

切入工况的高精度车速预测是保证自动驾驶切入安全的关键依据。为提高自动驾驶汽车切入工况安全,开展了基于车车耦合风险聚类的切入场景自车速度高精度预测方法的研究。首先,依据实验所得自然驾驶数据进行车辆切入切出片段提取,使用K-means方法依据碰撞风险与加速度关联特征进行聚类分析。其次,基于支持向量机(SVM)模型,对切入切出工况车车交互状态进行在线识别,对切入危险工况进行实时预测。最后,提出基于自回归综合移动平均(ARIMA)模型的改进车速预测方法,结合在线识别结果进行车速在线优化。仿真结果表明,所提出的基于碰撞风险聚类的改进ARIMA车速预测方法对提高切入安全效果明显,较传统的预测方法车辆的碰撞风险降低了10%~20%。研究结果表明,ARIMA模型的改进车速预测方法对提高自动驾驶车切入安全具有重要的研究意义。

考虑关联波段特性的光谱相似图像分类方法

光谱相似图像分类性能过差会增加光谱信息冗余度,降低地物勘探与军事防御等多种领域的光谱探测效率。为了多元素匀质区分光谱信息与光谱曲线,提出考虑关联波段特性的光谱相似图像分类方法。该方法首先利用光谱匹配消除光谱相似图像白色光源过曝现象。然后提取优化图像的关联波段,并将其作为聚类特征输入支持向量机中。最后根据支持向量机的输出结果,实现光谱相似图像分类。实验结果表明,所提方法分类结果清晰度较高,分类误差或像素块填色错误小,混淆矩阵中同行同列矩形块的分类精度较高。

改进黑猩猩算法的光伏发电功率短期预测

针对晴空、非晴空条件下光伏出力预测精度不高等问题,提出一种改进K均值(K-means++)算法和黑猩猩优化算法CHOA(chimpanzee optimization algorithm)相结合,优化最小二乘支持向量机LSSVM(least squares support vector machine)的模型,进行光伏功率预测。首先,利用密度聚类和混合评价函数改进K-means++对原始数据进行自适应类别划分。其次,通过相关性分析和随机森林特征提取构建模型的输入特征集。最后,根据特征集建立基于DK-PCHOA-LSSVM的短期光伏发电预测模型。结合实际算例,结果表明:该模型在恶劣天气下预测精度明显优于其他模型,验证了其有效性和优越性。

Multi-class classification method for strip steel surface defects based on support vector machine with adjustable hyper-sphere

Focusing on strip steel surface defects classification, a novel support vector machine with adjustable hyper-sphere （AHSVM） is formulated. Meanwhile, a new multi-class classification method is proposed. Originated from support vector data description, AHSVM adopts hyper-sphere to solve classification problem. AHSVM can obey two principles： the margin maximization and inner-class dispersion minimization. Moreover, the hyper-sphere of AHSVM is adjustable, which makes the final classification hyper-sphere optimal for training dataset. On the other hand, AHSVM is combined with binary tree to solve multi-class classification for steel surface defects. A scheme of samples pruning in mapped feature space is provided, which can reduce the number of training samples under the premise of classification accuracy, resulting in the improvements of classification speed. Finally, some testing experiments are done for eight types of strip steel surface defects. Experimental results show that multi-class AHSVM classifier exhibits satisfactory results in classification accuracy and efficiency.

基于FCM和EO-SVM水轮机尾水管压力脉动特征识别

为有效识别水轮机尾水管压力脉动特征,提出了一种基于模糊C均值聚类、平衡优化器算法与支持向量机的识别方法。该方法首先采用平衡优化器算法优化SVM的惩罚因子和核函数以获得更好的SVM参数组合,构建EO-SVM识别模型以实现其在水轮机尾水管压力脉动特征识别中的应用。然后采用模糊C均值聚类算法将待分类的压力脉动特征进行初始聚类,将其分为四类,并依据聚类结果选择最靠近每类中心的样本作为EO-SVM模型的训练样本。将SVM和EO-SVM两种模型的识别分类结果进行比较,验证了所提EO-SVM模型的有效性。

直觉模糊的结构化最小二乘孪生支持向量机

针对最小二乘孪生支持向量机(least squares twin support vector machine,LSTSVM)对噪声或是异常数据敏感和忽略数据内在结构信息的问题,提出了一种直觉模糊的结构化最小二乘孪生支持向量机(intuition fuzzy and structural least squares twin support vector machine,IF-SLSTSVM)。首先采用孤立森林对输入样本点进行预处理;然后通过直觉模糊数的概念,赋予输入样本点不同的权重以减少噪声或是异常数据对分类超平面产生的影响;最后采用K-Means算法,以协方差的形式获取输入样本点之间的结构信息。IFSLSTSVM在LS-TSVM的基础上,考虑了输入样本点在特征空间中的分布信息及输入样本点之间的关系,提高了模型的鲁棒性。实验采取UCI数据集,在0%、5%、10%以及20%的不同比例噪声环境对IF-SLSTSVM算法的有效性进行验证。结果显示相较于6种对比算法,IF-SLSTSVM算法有更好的鲁棒性。

基于人工智能的地震初至拾取方法研究进展

地震初至拾取可以提供关于地下结构和地震活动的重要信息,对于地震勘探和地质研究具有重要意义。在低信噪比数据上如何自动准确地拾取初至波备受关注。文章综述了基于人工智能的地震拾取方法,对聚类、支持向量机、反向传播神经网络、卷积神经网络和循环神经网络等五类方法的原理、特点和发展历程进行了阐述。聚类、支持向量机和反向传播神经网络相对直观和可解释,但需要人工提取特征;卷积神经网络和循环神经网络能自主学习地震数据特征,但需要大量有标签数据驱动。最后,探讨了地震初至拾取所面临的挑战和未来的研究方向,指出极低信噪比初至拾取的实时性和网络的轻量化需要继续推进。

基于支持向量机(SVM)的古代玻璃制品分类

古代玻璃制品是古丝绸之路交易的商品之一,一般依据化学成分对玻璃制品进行分类.但是风化会改变玻璃制品化学成分的含量,从而影响玻璃制品类型的鉴别.本文尝试先预测风化前的化学成分以消除风化的影响,再采用灰色关联分析化学成分的关联关系以及差异,最后建立支持向量机(SVM)模型对古代玻璃制品进行分类.

西湖凹陷N构造花港组厚层砂泥岩地层测井岩性识别方法

西湖凹陷位于东海,钻井取心比较困难,取心资料比较少,岩屑录井资料比较粗略,为了得到比较精细的地层岩性,在无监督机器学习的基础上,采用有监督机器学习的方法进行岩性识别。结果表明:该方法对研究区地层的岩性识别率可达95%以上,能够快速准确地对目的层的岩性进行识别。