Pressure fluctuation signal analysis of pump based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition method

Pressure fluctuations, which are inevitable in the operation of pumps, have a strong non-stationary characteristic and contain a great deal of important information representing the operation conditions. With an axial-flow pump as an example, a new method for time-frequency analysis based on the ensemble empirical mode decomposition （EEMD） method is proposed for research on the characteristics of pressure fluctuations. First, the pressure fluctuation signals are preprocessed with the empirical mode decomposition （EMD） method, and intrinsic mode functions （IMFs） are extracted. Second, the EEMD method is used to extract more precise decomposition results, and the number of iterations is determined according to the number of IMFs produced by the EMD method. Third, correlation coefficients between IMFs produced by the EMD and EEMD methods and the original signal are calculated, and the most sensitive IMFs are chosen to analyze the frequency spectrum. Finally, the operation conditions of the pump are identified with the frequency features. The results show that, compared with the EMD method, the EEMD method can improve the time-frequency resolution and extract main vibration components from pressure fluctuation signals.

A novel noise reduction technique for underwater acoustic signals based on complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise,minimum mean square variance criterion and least mean square adaptive filter

Underwater acoustic signal processing is one of the research hotspots in underwater acoustics.Noise reduction of underwater acoustic signals is the key to underwater acoustic signal processing.Owing to the complexity of marine environment and the particularity of underwater acoustic channel,noise reduction of underwater acoustic signals has always been a difficult challenge in the field of underwater acoustic signal processing.In order to solve the dilemma,we proposed a novel noise reduction technique for underwater acoustic signals based on complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise(CEEMDAN),minimum mean square variance criterion(MMSVC) and least mean square adaptive filter(LMSAF).This noise reduction technique,named CEEMDAN-MMSVC-LMSAF,has three main advantages:(i) as an improved algorithm of empirical mode decomposition(EMD) and ensemble EMD(EEMD),CEEMDAN can better suppress mode mixing,and can avoid selecting the number of decomposition in variational mode decomposition(VMD);(ii) MMSVC can identify noisy intrinsic mode function(IMF),and can avoid selecting thresholds of different permutation entropies;(iii) for noise reduction of noisy IMFs,LMSAF overcomes the selection of deco mposition number and basis function for wavelet noise reduction.Firstly,CEEMDAN decomposes the original signal into IMFs,which can be divided into noisy IMFs and real IMFs.Then,MMSVC and LMSAF are used to detect identify noisy IMFs and remove noise components from noisy IMFs.Finally,both denoised noisy IMFs and real IMFs are reconstructed and the final denoised signal is obtained.Compared with other noise reduction techniques,the validity of CEEMDAN-MMSVC-LMSAF can be proved by the analysis of simulation signals and real underwater acoustic signals,which has the better noise reduction effect and has practical application value.CEEMDAN-MMSVC-LMSAF also provides a reliable basis for the detection,feature extraction,classification and recognition of underwater acoustic signals.

Study on the Improvement of the Application of Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise in Hydrology Based on RBFNN Data Extension Technology

The complex nonlinear and non-stationary features exhibited in hydrologic sequences make hydrological analysis and forecasting difficult.Currently,some hydrologists employ the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise(CEEMDAN)method,a new time-frequency analysis method based on the empirical mode decomposition(EMD)algorithm,to decompose non-stationary raw data in order to obtain relatively stationary components for further study.However,the endpoint effect in CEEMDAN is often neglected,which can lead to decomposition errors that reduce the accuracy of the research results.In this study,we processed an original runoff sequence using the radial basis function neural network(RBFNN)technique to obtain the extension sequence before utilizing CEEMDAN decomposition.Then,we compared the decomposition results of the original sequence,RBFNN extension sequence,and standard sequence to investigate the influence of the endpoint effect and RBFNN extension on the CEEMDAN method.The results indicated that the RBFNN extension technique effectively reduced the error of medium and low frequency components caused by the endpoint effect.At both ends of the components,the extension sequence more accurately reflected the true fluctuation characteristics and variation trends.These advances are of great significance to the subsequent study of hydrology.Therefore,the CEEMDAN method,combined with an appropriate extension of the original runoff series,can more precisely determine multi-time scale characteristics,and provide a credible basis for the analysis of hydrologic time series and hydrological forecasting.

A method for extracting human gait series from accelerometer signals based on the ensemble empirical mode decomposition

In this paper, the ensemble empirical mode decomposition （EEMD） is applied to analyse accelerometer signals collected during normal human walking. First, the self-adaptive feature of EEMD is utilised to decompose the ac- celerometer signals, thus sifting out several intrinsic mode functions （IMFs） at disparate scales. Then, gait series can be extracted through peak detection from the eigen IMF that best represents gait rhythmicity. Compared with the method based on the empirical mode decomposition （EMD）, the EEMD-based method has the following advantages： it remarkably improves the detection rate of peak values hidden in the original accelerometer signal, even when the signal is severely contaminated by the intermittent noises; this method effectively prevents the phenomenon of mode mixing found in the process of EMD. And a reasonable selection of parameters for the stop-filtering criteria can improve the calculation speed of the EEMD-based method. Meanwhile, the endpoint effect can be suppressed by using the auto regressive and moving average model to extend a short-time series in dual directions. The results suggest that EEMD is a powerful tool for extraction of gait rhythmicity and it also provides valuable clues for extracting eigen rhythm of other physiological signals.

Significant wave height forecasts integrating ensemble empirical mode decomposition with sequence-to-sequence model

As wave height is an important parameter in marine climate measurement,its accurate prediction is crucial in ocean engineering.It also plays an important role in marine disaster early warning and ship design,etc.However,challenges in the large demand for computing resources and the improvement of accuracy are currently encountered.To resolve the above mentioned problems,sequence-to-sequence deep learning model(Seq-to-Seq)is applied to intelligently explore the internal law between the continuous wave height data output by the model,so as to realize fast and accurate predictions on wave height data.Simultaneously,ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD)is adopted to reduce the non-stationarity of wave height data and solve the problem of modal aliasing caused by empirical mode decomposition(EMD),and then improves the prediction accuracy.A significant wave height forecast method integrating EEMD with the Seq-to-Seq model(EEMD-Seq-to-Seq)is proposed in this paper,and the prediction models under different time spans are established.Compared with the long short-term memory model,the novel method demonstrates increased continuity for long-term prediction and reduces prediction errors.The experiments of wave height prediction on four buoys show that the EEMD-Seq-to-Seq algorithm effectively improves the prediction accuracy in short-term(3-h,6-h,12-h and 24-h forecast horizon)and long-term(48-h and 72-h forecast horizon)predictions.

Effective forecast of Northeast Pacific sea surface temperature based on a complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition–support vector machine method

The sea surface temperature （SST） has substantial impacts on the climate; however, due to its highly nonlinear nature, evidently non-periodic and strongly stochastic properties, it is rather difficult to predict SST. Here, the authors combine the complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition （CEEMD） and support vector machine （SVM） methods to predict SST. Extensive tests from several different aspects are presented to validate the effectiveness of the CEEMD-SVM method. The results suggest that the new method works well in forecasting Northeast Pacific SST at a 12-month lead time, with an average absolute error of approximately 0.3℃ and a correlation coefficient of 0.85. Moreover, no spring predictability barrier is observed in our experiments.

An Enhanced Ensemble-Based Long Short-Term Memory Approach for Traffic Volume Prediction

With the advancement of artificial intelligence,traffic forecasting is gaining more and more interest in optimizing route planning and enhancing service quality.Traffic volume is an influential parameter for planning and operating traffic structures.This study proposed an improved ensemble-based deep learning method to solve traffic volume prediction problems.A set of optimal hyperparameters is also applied for the suggested approach to improve the performance of the learning process.The fusion of these methodologies aims to harness ensemble empirical mode decomposition’s capacity to discern complex traffic patterns and long short-term memory’s proficiency in learning temporal relationships.Firstly,a dataset for automatic vehicle identification is obtained and utilized in the preprocessing stage of the ensemble empirical mode decomposition model.The second aspect involves predicting traffic volume using the long short-term memory algorithm.Next,the study employs a trial-and-error approach to select a set of optimal hyperparameters,including the lookback window,the number of neurons in the hidden layers,and the gradient descent optimization.Finally,the fusion of the obtained results leads to a final traffic volume prediction.The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms other benchmarks regarding various evaluation measures,including mean absolute error,root mean squared error,mean absolute percentage error,and R-squared.The achieved R-squared value reaches an impressive 98%,while the other evaluation indices surpass the competing.These findings highlight the accuracy of traffic pattern prediction.Consequently,this offers promising prospects for enhancing transportation management systems and urban infrastructure planning.

Detection of time varying pitch in tonal languages: an approach based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition

A method based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) is proposed for accurately detecting the time varying pitch of speech in tonal languages. Unlike frame-, event-, or subspace-based pitch detectors, the time varying information of pitch within the short duration, which is of crucial importance in speech processing of tonal languages, can be accurately extracted. The Chinese Linguistic Data Consortium (CLDC) database for Mandarin Chinese was employed as standard speech data for the evaluation of the effectiveness of the method. It is shown that the proposed method provides more accurate and reliable results, particularly in estimating the tones of non-monotonically varying pitches like the third one in Mandarin Chinese. Also, it is shown that the new method has strong resistance to noise disturbance.

De-noising of radiation pressure signal generated by bubble oscillation based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition

The radiation pressure signals generated by the bubble oscillation are often utilized to recognize the characteristics of the target objects in many fields.However,these signals are easily contaminated by complex background noises.In order to accurately extract the effective components of the radiation pressure signal generated by the bubble oscillation,this paper proposes a de-noising procedure for the radiation pressure signal,based on the ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD),the autocorrelation function and the modified wavelet soft-threshold de-noising method.In order to verify the effectiveness of the procedure,the typical radiation pressure signal generated based on the Keller-Miksis model under the acoustic excitation is employed for the subsequent de-noising analysis.The results of the qualitative analysis show that the amplitude and the period of the bubble oscillation can be clearly observed in the time-domain diagram of the de-noised signal based on the EEMD.In the quantitative analysis,the de-noised signal based on the EEMD has better performance with higher signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),smaller root-mean-square error,and larger correlation coefficient than that based on the wavelet transform(WT)and the empirical mode decomposition(EMD).Furthermore,with the increase of the complexity of the radiation pressure signal(e.g.,the increase of the dimensionless pressure amplitude of the acoustic wave and the decrease of the SNR of the input signal),the above three evaluation indexes of the de-noised signal based on the EEMD are all better than those based on the other two methods.When the signal is more complex,the de-noising capabilities of the WT,the EMD are greatly reduced,but the EEMD can still maintain the good de-noising capability,which shows the superiority of the signal de-noising procedure proposed in the present paper.

Regional features of topographic relief over the Loess Plateau,China:evidence from ensemble empirical mode decomposition

Landforms with similar surface matter compositions,endogenic and exogenic forces,and development histories tend to exhibit significant degrees of self-similarity in morphology and spatial variation.In loess hill-gully areas,ridges and hills have similar topographic relief characteristics and present nearly periodic variations of similar repeating structures at certain spatial scales,which is termed the topographic relief period(TRP).This is a relatively new concept,which is different from the degree of relief,and describes the fluctuations of the terrain from both horizontal and vertical(cross-section)perspectives,which can be used for in-depth analysis of 2-D topographic relief features.This technique provides a new perspective for understanding the macro characteristics and differentiation patterns of loess landforms.We investigate TRP variation features of different landforms on the Loess Plateau,China,by extracting catchment boundary profiles(CBPs)from 5 m resolution digital elevation model(DEM)data.These profiles were subjected to temporal-frequency analysis using the ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD)method.The results showed that loess landforms are characterized by significant regional topographic relief;the CBP of 14 sample areas exhibited an overall pattern of decreasing TRPs and increasing topographic relief spatial frequencies from south to north.According to the TRPs and topographic relief characteristics,the topographic relief of the Loess Plateau was divided into four types that have obvious regional differences.The findings of this study enrich the theories and methods for digital terrain data analysis of the Loess Plateau.Future study should undertake a more in-depth investigation regarding the complexity of the region and to address the limitations of the EEMD method.

A hybrid approach based on complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise for multi-step-ahead solar radiation forecasting

Accurate measurements of solar radiation are required to ensure that power and energy systems continue to function effectively and securely.On the other hand,estimating it is extremely challenging due to the non-stationary behaviour and randomness of its components.In this research,a novel hybrid forecasting model,namely complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise-Gaussian process regression(CEEMDAN-GPR),has been developed for daily global solar radiation prediction.The non-stationary global solar radiation series is transformed by CEEMDAN into regular subsets.After that,the GPR model uses these subsets as inputs to perform its prediction.According to the results of this research,the performance of the developed hybrid model is superior to two widely used hybrid models for solar radiation forecasting,namely wavelet-GPR and wavelet packet-GPR,in terms of mean square error,root mean square error,coefficient of determination and relative root mean square error values,which reached 3.23 MJ/m^(2)/day,1.80 MJ/m^(2)/day,95.56%,and 8.80%,respectively(for one-step forward forecasting).The proposed hybrid model can be used to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the electricity system.

The Modified Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition Method and Extraction of Oceanic Internal Wave from Synthetic Aperture Radar Image

In this paper a modified ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD) method is presented, which is named winning-EEMD(W-EEMD). Two aspects of the EEMD, the amplitude of added white noise and the number of intrinsic mode functions(IMFs), are discussed in this method. The signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) is used to measure the amplitude of added noise and the winning number of IMFs(which results most frequency) is used to unify the number of IMFs. By this method, the calculation speed of decomposition is improved, and the relative error between original data and sum of decompositions is reduced. In addition, the feasibility and effectiveness of this method are proved by the example of the oceanic internal solitary wave.

基于泊松噪声和优化极限学习机的多因素混合学习方法及应用

针对风电功率数据高波动性和间歇性的特点,文章提出了一种基于泊松噪声的互补集合经验模态分解(CEEMDPN)和改进的蛇优化算法(MSO)优化极限学习机的多因素混合学习方法。首先,利用CEEMDPN将风电功率序列分解为子序列;然后,引入曲线自适应调整参数改进蛇优化算法;最后,运用MSO优化的极限学习机(ELM)对每个子序列进行预测并集成。为了验证CEEMDPN-MSO-ELM模型的有效性,采用龙源电力集团的风电功率数据进行超短期预测,实证结果表明,CEEMDPN算法能够加强风电功率序列的主频率部分并提高分解精度,MSO算法能够很好地平衡算法的寻优速度与收敛精度,从而有效提升ELM模型的预测性能,所提模型的预测精度和稳健性均优于其他对比模型。

融合二次分解的深度学习模型在PM_(2.5)浓度预测中的应用

针对PM_(2.5)质量浓度时间序列呈非线性难以预测的特征,为了进一步提高PM_(2.5)质量浓度预测精确度,研究通过“分而治之”先分解再预测的思想,提出一种融合二次分解的PM_(2.5)质量浓度混合预测模型(Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise-Variational Mode Decomposition-Temporal Convolutional Network-Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory,CEEMDAN-VMD-TCN-BiLSTM)。该模型先由递归特征消除(Recursive Feature Elimination,RFE)进行特征筛选,随后使用自适应噪声完备集合经验模态分解(Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise,CEEMDAN)将2013—2016年北京市PM_(2.5)质量浓度序列分解为一系列高低频模态分量并计算各分量样本熵,将样本熵由K-means聚类整合为新的分量,再由变分模态分解(Variational Mode Decomposition,VMD)方法进行二次分解。最后,将所有分量先经时间卷积网络(Temporal Convolutional Network,TCN)进行特征提取,并通过双向长短期记忆网络(Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory,BiLSTM)预测,叠加各分量预测值即为最终预测结果。消融试验结果显示,该模型相比于单次CEEMDAN分解模型均方根误差E_(MAPE)降低19.312%,绝对误差E_(MAE)降低34.423%,百分比误差E_(MAPE)与希尔不等系数E_(TIC)分别减少40.465百分点和59.794%。由此可见,研究在引入VMD构成二次分解模型相比于单次分解模型的预测误差更小,精度更高,可为决策者在PM_(2.5)质量浓度预测与治理等工作提供一定参考。

基于CEEMDAN⁃TCN的短期风电功率预测研究

风力发电作为可再生能源的重要组成部分,在电力系统规划和日常运行中扮演着重要的角色,准确的短期风电功率预测对于电网的稳定运行和优化调度具有重要意义。为提高短期风电功率预测的准确性,提出一种基于自适应噪声完备集合经验模态分解和时间卷积网络的短期风电功率预测方法。首先利用自适应噪声完备集合经验模态分解对初始风电功率数据进行分解,得到多个相对稳定的子数据序列;然后将其分别作为时间卷积网络的输入,利用时间卷积网络模型进行特征提取和功率预测;最后将所有预测值进行汇总,得到最终的功率预测值。使用宁夏某地区真实风电功率数据进行验证,并与传统预测模型比较,结果表明所提方法具有较高的预测精度,可为风电功率短期预测等相关工作提供相关参考。

基于遥感数据的河谷地区气候水文变化特征及区域差异--以宝鸡地区为例

[目的]探究不同分区气候水文多要素变化特征,为该地水资源管理及可持续开发利用提供区域性的科学依据。[方法]基于1950-2021年的卫星遥感数据,选取宝鸡地区9个县区的气温、地表温度、降水量、蒸发量、低层云量、总云量、紫外强度、相对湿度、径流、地表径流和地下径流11种要素,采用自适应噪声经验模态分解法(CEEMDAN)和重标极差R/S分析方法,分析了近70年该区域多气象水文要素时空特征及区域差异,探讨了不同分区气候水文要素变化的延续性及未来趋势。[结果](1)区域仅年气温和地温呈上升趋势,其余要素的年均趋势均呈下降趋势,各要素趋势率分别为0.27℃/10 a,0.25℃/10 a,-40.97 mm/10 a,-0.59 mm/10 a,-1.14%/10 a,-0.17%/10 a,-4060.4 J/(m^(2)·10 a),-0.99%/10 a,-3.6 mm/10 a,-1.61 mm/10 a和-1.94 mm/10 a。季节变化上,冬季气温和地温上升趋势最大,夏季降水减少幅度最大,紫外强度仅在春季表现为上升趋势,春季相对湿度减小最大,低层云量春季减小最大,径流和地表径流夏季的下降趋势最大,地下径流秋季的下降趋势最大。千陇丘陵区各要素的变率都较大;(2)空间上,年气温、地温、蒸发量和紫外强度的高值多分布于千陇丘陵区和渭河川塬区,年降水量、低层云量、总云量、相对湿度、径流、地表径流和地下径流的高值区多分布在秦岭关山区。除凤县和眉县的蒸发量外,其他要素在各县区的升降趋势均与其在整个地区的趋势一致;(3)各气象水文要素具有2~3 a,4~5 a,7~9 a,11~13 a,19~35 a为主的年代际振荡周期;(4)未来宝鸡地区各气象水文要素均延续历史的上升或下降趋势,但延续时长不同,其中千陇丘陵区、渭河川塬区和秦岭关山区均存在最长延续时长10 a和最短延续时长4 a。[结论]宝鸡地区气候整体朝暖干化方向发展,各分区气候水文变化具有明显差异,且均存在明显振荡周期和正持续特征。

基于特征优化和混合改进灰狼算法优化网络的短期光伏功率预测

为解决光伏序列的强噪音干扰以及单一模型在光伏功率预测方面精度偏低和泛化性较差的问题,提出了一种基于特征优化和混合改进灰狼算法优化双向长短时记忆网络(bi-directional long short-term memory,BiLSTM)的短期光伏功率预测方法。首先,运用互信息算法进行输入数据的变量选择,以消除冗余变量。其次,通过互补集合经验模态分解和改进的小波阈值算法对筛选后的数据进行特征重构,旨在降低数据中的噪声干扰并完成输入变量的特征优化。随后,结合改进的Tent混沌映射、非线性递减因子、动态权重策略和差分进化算法对标准灰狼优化算法进行混合优化,以确定双向长短期记忆神经网络的最优超参数组合,并引入注意力机制以挖掘数据中的关键时序信息,最终构建出一种新型的短期光伏功率预测模型。仿真实验表明,相较于最小二乘支持向量机、长短期记忆网络和双向长短期记忆网络,所提模型在晴天、多云、阴天和降雨等不同工况下的均方根误差平均分别降低了12.45%、7.95%和5.37%,显示出优秀的预测性能、良好的泛化能力和潜在的工程应用价值。

形态学滤波和HHT变换在轮轨故障诊断中的应用

针对现有轮轨故障诊断装置结构复杂、成本高且实时性差等问题,提出了一种基于轴箱振动加速度响应的轮轨故障诊断方法。首先通过形态学滤波器对轴箱振动信号进行降噪处理,然后运用集合经验模态分解(EEMD)将处理后的信号分解得到若干阶固有模态函数(IMF),再依据能量熵增量的相对大小剔除IMF分量中的虚假分量,对剩余的有效分量进行希尔伯特-黄变换(HHT)得到Hilbert谱。研究结果表明,车辆运行在正常工况与不同类型轮轨故障工况下,轴箱振动加速度的Hilbert谱有显著的差异,因此依据Hilbert谱的特征可有效诊断轮轨故障。

考虑配电网三相电压特征的IHPO-CSSVM电压暂降源识别

随着分布式新能源和电力电子设备广泛接入配电网,能源供应和负荷需求等方面呈现出新的特点。考虑到支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)算法的超参数选择困难以及电压暂降源信号数据类别不平衡等问题,提出了一种基于完全集合经验模态分解与自适应噪声(complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise,CEEMDAN)和改进的猎人猎物优化代价敏感SVM(improved hunter-prey optimizer cost-sensitive SVM,IHPO-CSSVM)的电压暂降源识别方法。通过在Matlab/Simulink仿真平台模拟电路,获得不同类型的电压暂降源,利用CEEMDAN从需求侧电压暂降信号中提取三相电压的特征向量,并计算其近似熵,构建新的特征向量,输入到IHPO-CSSVM分类器进行训练。与SVM、CSSVM、极限学习机进行比较,仿真结果表明IHPO-CSSVM的识别准确率最高,该方法能够准确地从复杂的电压信号中提取出有用的特征,并通过优化模型参数来提升识别准确率,可以有效解决配网侧的电压暂降源识别问题。

Missing interpolation model for wind power data based on the improved CEEMDAN method and generative adversarial interpolation network

Randomness and fluctuations in wind power output may cause changes in important parameters(e.g.,grid frequency and voltage),which in turn affect the stable operation of a power system.However,owing to external factors(such as weather),there are often various anomalies in wind power data,such as missing numerical values and unreasonable data.This significantly affects the accuracy of wind power generation predictions and operational decisions.Therefore,developing and applying reliable wind power interpolation methods is important for promoting the sustainable development of the wind power industry.In this study,the causes of abnormal data in wind power generation were first analyzed from a practical perspective.Second,an improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise(ICEEMDAN)method with a generative adversarial interpolation network(GAIN)network was proposed to preprocess wind power generation and interpolate missing wind power generation sub-components.Finally,a complete wind power generation time series was reconstructed.Compared to traditional methods,the proposed ICEEMDAN-GAIN combination interpolation model has a higher interpolation accuracy and can effectively reduce the error impact caused by wind power generation sequence fluctuations.