Image segmentation is a key and fundamental problem in image processing,computer graphics,and computer vision.Level set based method for image segmentation is used widely for its topology flexibility and proper mathem...Image segmentation is a key and fundamental problem in image processing,computer graphics,and computer vision.Level set based method for image segmentation is used widely for its topology flexibility and proper mathematical formulation.However,poor performance of existing level set models on noisy images and weak boundary limit its application in image segmentation.In this paper,we present a region consistency constraint term to measure the regional consistency on both sides of the boundary,this term defines the boundary of the image within a range,and hence increases the stability of the level set model.The term can make existing level set models significantly improve the efficiency of the algorithms on segmenting images with noise and weak boundary.Furthermore,this constraint term can make edge-based level set model overcome the defect of sensitivity to the initial contour.The experimental results show that our algorithm is efficient for image segmentation and outperform the existing state-of-art methods regarding images with noise and weak boundary.展开更多
In this paper, the X-ray nondestructive test method of small defects in precision weldments with complex structure was presented. To resolve the difficulty of defect segmentation in variable grey image, the image proc...In this paper, the X-ray nondestructive test method of small defects in precision weldments with complex structure was presented. To resolve the difficulty of defect segmentation in variable grey image, the image processing based on Visual Basic programming method was adopted. The methods of automatic contrast and partial grey stretch were used to enhance the X-ray detection image which has relatively low contrast, then automatic threshold method was carried out to segment the two high intensity zones, and weld zones which contain the small defects was extracted. Smoothing and sharpen processing were proceeded on the extracted weld zones, and small defects in X-ray detection image of weldments with complex structure were segmented by using the method of background subtraction in the end. The effects of raster were eliminated, and because of that the image processing was only proceeded on the extracted weld zones, the calculated speed using the above provided algorithm was improved.展开更多
In order to improve the work efficiency of non-destructive testing(NDT)and the reliability of NDT results,an automatic method to detect defects in the ultrasonic image was researched.According to the characterization ...In order to improve the work efficiency of non-destructive testing(NDT)and the reliability of NDT results,an automatic method to detect defects in the ultrasonic image was researched.According to the characterization of ultrasonic D-scan image,clutter wave suppression and de-noising were presented firstly.Then,the image is processed by binaryzation using KSW 2 D entropy based on image segmentation method.The results showed that,the global threshold based segmentation method was somewhat ineffective for D-scan image because of under-segmentation.Especially,when the image is big in size,small targets which are composed by a small amount of pixels are often undetected.Whereas,local threshold based image segmentation method is effective in recognizing small defects because it takes local image character into account.展开更多
The size and shape of the effective test area are crucial to consider when short-crested waves are created by segmented wavemakers. The range of the effective test area of short-crested waves simulated by two-sided se...The size and shape of the effective test area are crucial to consider when short-crested waves are created by segmented wavemakers. The range of the effective test area of short-crested waves simulated by two-sided segmented wavemakers is analyzed in this paper. The experimental investigation on the wave field distribution of short-crested waves generated by two-sided segmented wavemakers is conducted by using an array of wave gauges. Wave spectra and directional spreading function are analyzed and the results show that when the main direction is at a certain angle with the normal line of wave generators, the wave field of 3D short-crested waves generated by two-sided segmented wavemakers has good spatial uniformity within the model test area. The effective test area can provide good wave environments for seakeeping model tests of various ocean engineering structures in the deep ocean engineering basin.展开更多
Based on the first underwater railway shield tunnel,the Shiziyang shield tunnel of Guangzhou Zhujiang River,the prototype test was carried out against its segmental lining structure by using"multi-function shield...Based on the first underwater railway shield tunnel,the Shiziyang shield tunnel of Guangzhou Zhujiang River,the prototype test was carried out against its segmental lining structure by using"multi-function shield tunnel structure test system". And the mechanical characteristics of segmental lining structure using straight assembling and staggered assembling were studied deeply. The results showed that,the mechanical characteristics of segmental lining structure varied with the water pressures;especially after cracking,the high water pressure played a significant role in slowing down the growing inner force and deformation. It also testified that the failure characteristics varied with straight assembling structure and staggered assembling structure.Shear failure often occurred near longitudinal seam when using straight assembling.展开更多
Locked segments are recognized as a critical role that controls the stability of rock slopes but remain an unclear and challenging problem with respect to their role incorporated into the failure mechanism.In order to...Locked segments are recognized as a critical role that controls the stability of rock slopes but remain an unclear and challenging problem with respect to their role incorporated into the failure mechanism.In order to study the effect of the locked segments on the initial failure process of rockslides,thirty-six groups of locked segment specimens with three different lithologies were prepared,direct shear tests were carried out to obtain the accelerations caused by brittle failure of the locked segment specimens.Experiment results showed that the maximum accelerations caused by the brittle failure of locked segment specimens was 2.91 g in the horizontal direction,and 3.18 g in the vertical direction.We took the Wangjiayan rockslide in 2008 Wenchuan earthquake as an example,the critical balance condition of the sliding mass under combined effect of gravity and accelerations induced by brittle failure of locked segment was analyzed,which indicated that the initial failure process of the Wangjiayan rockslides was notably influenced by the existence of the locked segment.The departure acceleration and direction of the Wangjiayan rockslide were proposed.The study results can provide a new insight into the understanding of the initial failure mechanism of rockslides with locked segments.展开更多
To explore the stress and deformation responses,as well as the failure characteristics of the shield tunnel segment of Hangzhou Metro under the influences of pit excavation and other surrounding projects,a self-develo...To explore the stress and deformation responses,as well as the failure characteristics of the shield tunnel segment of Hangzhou Metro under the influences of pit excavation and other surrounding projects,a self-developed“shield tunnel segment hydraulic loading system”was used to carry out full-scale loading tests on the three-ring staggered assembled segments.The structural performances and failure process of the tunnel segment under step-by-step asymmetric unloading were studied.A safety index was proposed to describe the bearing capacity of the segment.Next,a finite element model(FEM)was established to analyze the bearing capacity of segment using the test results.Finally,the effect of reinforcement with a steel plate on the deformation and bearing capacity of the segment was analyzed.The results showed that under asymmetric unloading,the peak value and amplitude of the bending moment on the near unloading side converged with a greater value than those on the far side.The concrete internal force exhibited a directional transformation at different load stages.Cracks first appeared at the 180inner arc surface of the bottom standard block and then expanded to both sides,while the rate of crack propagation of the outer arc surface was relatively lower.The bearing capacity of the segments can be evaluated by the combination of the factors,e.g.the residual bearing capacity coefficient,moment transfer coefficient,and characterization coefficient.The segments approaching failure can facilitate the increase in the residual bearing capacity coefficient by more than 50%.This can provide guidance for the service assessment of metro tunnel operations.展开更多
Considering the desirable behavior of concrete filled steel tube(CFT)columns and the complicated behavior of segmental double-column piers under cyclic loads,three post-tensioned precast segmental CFT double-column pi...Considering the desirable behavior of concrete filled steel tube(CFT)columns and the complicated behavior of segmental double-column piers under cyclic loads,three post-tensioned precast segmental CFT double-column pier specimens were tested to extend their application in moderate and high seismicity areas.The effects of the number of CFT segments and the steel endplates as energy dissipaters on the seismic behavior of the piers were evaluated.The experimental results show that the segmental piers exhibited stable hysteretic behavior with small residual displacements under cyclic loads.All the tested specimens achieved a drift ratio no less than 13%without significant damage and strength deterioration due to the desirable behavior of CFT columns.Since the deformation of segmental columns was mainly concentrated at the column-footing interfaces,the increase of the segment numbers for each column had no obvious effects on the loading capacity but reduced the initial stiffness of the specimens.The use of steel endplates improved the bearing capacity,stiffness and energy dissipation of segmental piers,but weakened their self-centering capacity.Fiber models were also proposed to simulate the hysteretic behavior of the tested specimens,and the influences of segment numbers and prestress levels on seismic behavior were further studied.展开更多
为明确并提升承插式拼装桥墩抵抗压弯扭等复合荷载的能力,提出了一种结合灌浆套筒和承插口组合连接的新型承插装配式墩,通过复合荷载作用下的拟静力试验对比了现浇(reinforced concrete,RC)、灌浆套筒(grouting and sleeve,GS)、承插口(...为明确并提升承插式拼装桥墩抵抗压弯扭等复合荷载的能力,提出了一种结合灌浆套筒和承插口组合连接的新型承插装配式墩,通过复合荷载作用下的拟静力试验对比了现浇(reinforced concrete,RC)、灌浆套筒(grouting and sleeve,GS)、承插口(socket with ultra-high performance concrete,SU)和结合套筒连接钢筋的新型承插(grouting sleeve and socket with ultra-high performance concrete,GSU)连接拼装桥墩的损伤机理和滞回性能,结合有限元模型重点讨论了承插口深度对滞回性能的影响。结果表明:4个构件的破坏模式都是以受弯破坏为主的弯扭破坏,其中SU构件出现了轻微拔起的现象,而对应的GSU构件并未出现该现象,与RC构件接近;各构件的剪力-墩顶位移骨架发展趋势比较一致,由于GSU构件纵向钢筋连续,具有更好的整体性能,其抗弯承载力与RC构件接近,且明显大于SU和GS构件,4个构件弯曲滞回耗能较为接近;承插口深度为1.0倍截面宽度的GSU构件抗扭承载力略高于RC构件,且明显大于其余装配式墩,GSU构件的扭转刚度、延性系数和耗能能力均大于其他3个墩;当承插口深度采用0.5倍构件截面宽度时,新型承插GSU构件的抗弯和抗扭承载力均略高于整体现浇构件,具有良好的抵抗压弯扭荷载的能力,可以实现浅承插口连接。研究结果可为压弯扭复合作用下装配式墩的应用提供试验依据。展开更多
基金supported in part by the NSFC-Zhejiang Joint Fund of the Integration of Informatization and Industrialization(U1609218)NSFC(61772312,61373078,61772253)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Project of Shandong Province(2017GGX10110)NSF of Shandong Province(ZR2016FM21,ZR2016FM13)
文摘Image segmentation is a key and fundamental problem in image processing,computer graphics,and computer vision.Level set based method for image segmentation is used widely for its topology flexibility and proper mathematical formulation.However,poor performance of existing level set models on noisy images and weak boundary limit its application in image segmentation.In this paper,we present a region consistency constraint term to measure the regional consistency on both sides of the boundary,this term defines the boundary of the image within a range,and hence increases the stability of the level set model.The term can make existing level set models significantly improve the efficiency of the algorithms on segmenting images with noise and weak boundary.Furthermore,this constraint term can make edge-based level set model overcome the defect of sensitivity to the initial contour.The experimental results show that our algorithm is efficient for image segmentation and outperform the existing state-of-art methods regarding images with noise and weak boundary.
文摘In this paper, the X-ray nondestructive test method of small defects in precision weldments with complex structure was presented. To resolve the difficulty of defect segmentation in variable grey image, the image processing based on Visual Basic programming method was adopted. The methods of automatic contrast and partial grey stretch were used to enhance the X-ray detection image which has relatively low contrast, then automatic threshold method was carried out to segment the two high intensity zones, and weld zones which contain the small defects was extracted. Smoothing and sharpen processing were proceeded on the extracted weld zones, and small defects in X-ray detection image of weldments with complex structure were segmented by using the method of background subtraction in the end. The effects of raster were eliminated, and because of that the image processing was only proceeded on the extracted weld zones, the calculated speed using the above provided algorithm was improved.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(51375002,51005056)。
文摘In order to improve the work efficiency of non-destructive testing(NDT)and the reliability of NDT results,an automatic method to detect defects in the ultrasonic image was researched.According to the characterization of ultrasonic D-scan image,clutter wave suppression and de-noising were presented firstly.Then,the image is processed by binaryzation using KSW 2 D entropy based on image segmentation method.The results showed that,the global threshold based segmentation method was somewhat ineffective for D-scan image because of under-segmentation.Especially,when the image is big in size,small targets which are composed by a small amount of pixels are often undetected.Whereas,local threshold based image segmentation method is effective in recognizing small defects because it takes local image character into account.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51239007)
文摘The size and shape of the effective test area are crucial to consider when short-crested waves are created by segmented wavemakers. The range of the effective test area of short-crested waves simulated by two-sided segmented wavemakers is analyzed in this paper. The experimental investigation on the wave field distribution of short-crested waves generated by two-sided segmented wavemakers is conducted by using an array of wave gauges. Wave spectra and directional spreading function are analyzed and the results show that when the main direction is at a certain angle with the normal line of wave generators, the wave field of 3D short-crested waves generated by two-sided segmented wavemakers has good spatial uniformity within the model test area. The effective test area can provide good wave environments for seakeeping model tests of various ocean engineering structures in the deep ocean engineering basin.
基金Joint Funds of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1134208)National Key Basic Research Program of China(No.2010CB732105)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50925830,No.51208432)
文摘Based on the first underwater railway shield tunnel,the Shiziyang shield tunnel of Guangzhou Zhujiang River,the prototype test was carried out against its segmental lining structure by using"multi-function shield tunnel structure test system". And the mechanical characteristics of segmental lining structure using straight assembling and staggered assembling were studied deeply. The results showed that,the mechanical characteristics of segmental lining structure varied with the water pressures;especially after cracking,the high water pressure played a significant role in slowing down the growing inner force and deformation. It also testified that the failure characteristics varied with straight assembling structure and staggered assembling structure.Shear failure often occurred near longitudinal seam when using straight assembling.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41672295)
文摘Locked segments are recognized as a critical role that controls the stability of rock slopes but remain an unclear and challenging problem with respect to their role incorporated into the failure mechanism.In order to study the effect of the locked segments on the initial failure process of rockslides,thirty-six groups of locked segment specimens with three different lithologies were prepared,direct shear tests were carried out to obtain the accelerations caused by brittle failure of the locked segment specimens.Experiment results showed that the maximum accelerations caused by the brittle failure of locked segment specimens was 2.91 g in the horizontal direction,and 3.18 g in the vertical direction.We took the Wangjiayan rockslide in 2008 Wenchuan earthquake as an example,the critical balance condition of the sliding mass under combined effect of gravity and accelerations induced by brittle failure of locked segment was analyzed,which indicated that the initial failure process of the Wangjiayan rockslides was notably influenced by the existence of the locked segment.The departure acceleration and direction of the Wangjiayan rockslide were proposed.The study results can provide a new insight into the understanding of the initial failure mechanism of rockslides with locked segments.
基金supported by the Basic Public Welfare Research Projects in Zhejiang Province,China(Grant No.LGF22E080012)General Scientific Research Projects for Agriculture and Social Development in Hangzhou,China(Grant No.20201203B127).
文摘To explore the stress and deformation responses,as well as the failure characteristics of the shield tunnel segment of Hangzhou Metro under the influences of pit excavation and other surrounding projects,a self-developed“shield tunnel segment hydraulic loading system”was used to carry out full-scale loading tests on the three-ring staggered assembled segments.The structural performances and failure process of the tunnel segment under step-by-step asymmetric unloading were studied.A safety index was proposed to describe the bearing capacity of the segment.Next,a finite element model(FEM)was established to analyze the bearing capacity of segment using the test results.Finally,the effect of reinforcement with a steel plate on the deformation and bearing capacity of the segment was analyzed.The results showed that under asymmetric unloading,the peak value and amplitude of the bending moment on the near unloading side converged with a greater value than those on the far side.The concrete internal force exhibited a directional transformation at different load stages.Cracks first appeared at the 180inner arc surface of the bottom standard block and then expanded to both sides,while the rate of crack propagation of the outer arc surface was relatively lower.The bearing capacity of the segments can be evaluated by the combination of the factors,e.g.the residual bearing capacity coefficient,moment transfer coefficient,and characterization coefficient.The segments approaching failure can facilitate the increase in the residual bearing capacity coefficient by more than 50%.This can provide guidance for the service assessment of metro tunnel operations.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.51978656 and 51478459the Key Research and Development Project of Xuzhou under Grant No.KC22282the Open Fund of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Impact and Structural Safety in Civil Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology under Grant No.KFJJ202004。
文摘Considering the desirable behavior of concrete filled steel tube(CFT)columns and the complicated behavior of segmental double-column piers under cyclic loads,three post-tensioned precast segmental CFT double-column pier specimens were tested to extend their application in moderate and high seismicity areas.The effects of the number of CFT segments and the steel endplates as energy dissipaters on the seismic behavior of the piers were evaluated.The experimental results show that the segmental piers exhibited stable hysteretic behavior with small residual displacements under cyclic loads.All the tested specimens achieved a drift ratio no less than 13%without significant damage and strength deterioration due to the desirable behavior of CFT columns.Since the deformation of segmental columns was mainly concentrated at the column-footing interfaces,the increase of the segment numbers for each column had no obvious effects on the loading capacity but reduced the initial stiffness of the specimens.The use of steel endplates improved the bearing capacity,stiffness and energy dissipation of segmental piers,but weakened their self-centering capacity.Fiber models were also proposed to simulate the hysteretic behavior of the tested specimens,and the influences of segment numbers and prestress levels on seismic behavior were further studied.
文摘为明确并提升承插式拼装桥墩抵抗压弯扭等复合荷载的能力,提出了一种结合灌浆套筒和承插口组合连接的新型承插装配式墩,通过复合荷载作用下的拟静力试验对比了现浇(reinforced concrete,RC)、灌浆套筒(grouting and sleeve,GS)、承插口(socket with ultra-high performance concrete,SU)和结合套筒连接钢筋的新型承插(grouting sleeve and socket with ultra-high performance concrete,GSU)连接拼装桥墩的损伤机理和滞回性能,结合有限元模型重点讨论了承插口深度对滞回性能的影响。结果表明:4个构件的破坏模式都是以受弯破坏为主的弯扭破坏,其中SU构件出现了轻微拔起的现象,而对应的GSU构件并未出现该现象,与RC构件接近;各构件的剪力-墩顶位移骨架发展趋势比较一致,由于GSU构件纵向钢筋连续,具有更好的整体性能,其抗弯承载力与RC构件接近,且明显大于SU和GS构件,4个构件弯曲滞回耗能较为接近;承插口深度为1.0倍截面宽度的GSU构件抗扭承载力略高于RC构件,且明显大于其余装配式墩,GSU构件的扭转刚度、延性系数和耗能能力均大于其他3个墩;当承插口深度采用0.5倍构件截面宽度时,新型承插GSU构件的抗弯和抗扭承载力均略高于整体现浇构件,具有良好的抵抗压弯扭荷载的能力,可以实现浅承插口连接。研究结果可为压弯扭复合作用下装配式墩的应用提供试验依据。