FUZZY COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF CONTAINER TRANSPORTATION MODES ALONG THE CHANGJIANG RIVER MAIN LINE AND ITS DELTA AREA

The Changjiang River (Yangtze) is one of the fastest growth areas of container transportation in China. Rail, road and water transportation have competed against each other for container transportation in the Chang-jiang River main line and its delta area. It is of significance to assess these different transportation modes scientifically in order to organize container transportation efficiently in this area and make decision for integral plan and construction of transportation system in this area. This paper outlines application of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to appraise different modes of typical direction of containers. Twelve assessment indexes were decided. Membership functions were formulated. Evaluation results indicated that road transportation was optimal mode in the Changjiang River delta area, however water transportation was the primary way in the Changjiang River main line.

Transportation Capacity:Chinese Ports Take the Lead——Outlook of Container Throughput at Global Top 20 Ports in 2014

According to Outlook of Container Throughput at Global Top 20 Ports in2014 released by Center for Forecasting Science(CEFS),Chinese Academy of Sciences,the transportation capacity will keep raise after new container vessels brought into service.In sum,the global transportation market will still face uncertainties in 2014.The global economy faces challenges The global economy in 2014

A Design of Information Teaching in Container Transport

The teaching design is based on the task of "Container Transport" in the course of"English for International Shipping Business", aiming to discuss Design of information teaching in Business English Class. MOSO TEACH, CFNET platform,Cartoon have been applied in the design. Informationalized teaching has brought the vividness and dramatic effect to the knowledgebased class.

Nonlinear semi-analytical modeling of liquid sloshing in rectangular container with horizontal baffles

A nonlinear semi-analytical scheme is proposed for investigating the finiteamplitude nonlinear sloshing in a horizontally baffled rectangular liquid container under the seismic excitation.The sub-domain method is developed to analytically derive the modal behaviors of the baffled linear sloshing.The viscosity dissipation effects from the interior liquid and boundary layers are considered.With the introduction of the generalized time-dependent coordinates,the surface wave elevation and velocity potential are represented by a series of linear modal eigenfunctions.The infinite-dimensional modal system of the nonlinear sloshing is formulated based on the Bateman-Luke variational principle,which is further reduced to the finite-dimensional modal system by using the NarimanovMoiseev asymptotic ordering.The base force and overturning moment induced by the nonlinear sloshing are derived as the functions of the generalized time-dependent coordinates.The present results match well with the available analytical,numerical,and experimental results.The paper examines the surface wave elevation,base force,and overturning moment versus the baffle parameters and excitation amplitude in detail.

Performance Comparisons of Five Different SPF Mouse Transport Containers

[Objectives]This study aimed at providing gist for selecting qualified transport containers by comparing the performance of common SPF mouse transport containers at home and abroad,and laying a foundation for subsequent improvement of transport containers.[Methods]In this study,5 different transport containers were selected,and their microbial filtration performance,ventilation,sterilization method and flux,and other related design and construction were analyzed.[Results]The results showed all 5 SPF mouse transport containers can provide enough air for the survival of mouse and protect them from bacterial infections.Transport container B and D are superior to others on one-time sterilization flux and deformation degree after autoclaving.Furthermore,taking into account the related design and construction of these transport containers,such as viewing window and carrying handle,the result of comprehensive comparison is that the transport container D>A>E>C>B.[Conclusions]In summary,the 5 SPF transport containers tested in this study can all satisfy the basic demand of SPF mouse transportation,but each transport container has its own advantages and disadvantages on storage space,deformation degree after autoclaving and other aspects.Thus,SPF mouse transport containers should be selected by different demand.

Discussion on the Logistics Construction of Railway Container Freight Stations

From the perspective of logistics, the article discusses some essential functions and service functions of railway container freight stations. Then it plans the construction of the logistics operation system of container freight stations, and designs five main operating yards such as deconsolidation and groupage .yard, storage and distribution yard, container receiving-departure yard, container stack yard, and special cargo yard. The management pattern is discussed under the direction of modern business management theory. The ideas presented in this article is significant to the construction of railway container freight stations.

Study on the Impact of the Panama Canal Expansion on the Distribution of Container Liner Routes

The expansion of the Panama Canal will have a profound impact on the container shipping route network, port layout and ship structure, and promote the evolution of the global shipping pattern. However, most of the research on the expansion of the Panama Canal currently stays before its real expansion, and the quantitative analysis is less and the result is not accurate, because previous research used data that expanded before. Based on the actual data after the expansion of the Panama Canal, this paper uses the dual-target route distribution model to analyze the expansion of the Panama Canal. The changes in the liner shipping plan that have a greater impact on the shipping industry will provide the relevant theoretical basis for the relevant entities. The results show that after the expansion of the Panama Canal, the largest 15,000 TEU container ship is currently deployed on the route through the Panama Canal. 6500 TEU ship type is also deployed on the route through the Panama Canal. The 8500 TEU, 10,500 TEU, and 12,500 TEU ship types are mainly deployed through the Suez Canal. On the route, such a distribution plan can maximize the benefits for the shipping company.

Usefulness of Agarose Mold as a Storage Container for Three-Dimensional Tissue-Engineered Cartilage

The efficiency of substance exchange may be decreased when the thickness and volume of such a tissue-engineered cartilage that is composed of cultured cells and porous scaffold increase. Moreover, during the transport of this construct with complicated shapes, excessive and focal mechanical loading may cause deformation. The establishment of incubation and transport methods is necessary for the three-dimensional tissue-engineered cartilage. Therefore, we investigated the preparation of an agarose mold with a concavity similar to the shape of 3-dimensional tissue-engineered cartilage to prevent excessive and focal concentration of stress, while avoiding interference with substance exchange as much as possible. Firstly, we investigated the preparation at 1% - 4% agarose concentrations. Since the mechanical strength was insufficient at 1%, 2% was regarded as appropriate. Using 2% agarose, we prepared a mold with a 5 × 5 × 5 mm concavity to accommodate tissue-engineered cartilage (5 × 5 × 5 mm mixture of 1.5 × 107 cells and collagen gel), and stored the regenerative cartilage in it for 2 and 24 hours. On comparison with storage in a plastic mold with the same shape in which substance exchanged from side and bottom was impossible, although no significant differences were noted in the number or viability of cells after 2 hours, these were markedly reduced in the plastic mold after 24 hours. It was confirmed that favorable cell numbers and viability were maintained by immediately retaining the regenerative cartilage in the culture medium in the agarose mold and keeping the temperature at 37°C. Since this agarose mold also buffers against mechanical forces loaded on the three-dimensional regenerative tissue, it may be useful as a container for storage and transport of large-sized three-dimensional regenerative tissue.

带时间窗的中心站多车程集卡调度优化研究

为解决铁路集装箱中心站与周边货源地间的公铁联运多车程集卡集疏调度问题,将货源地的每一集装箱集疏需求视为一个任务节点,以集卡调度总成本最小为目标,综合考虑集卡容量和集装箱集疏时间窗等约束,构建允许同一集卡重复利用的多车程集卡调度优化模型,并设计改进的遗传算法求解该模型。为均衡集卡工作时间,以调度模型确定的最佳集卡数量和车程集合为输入,进一步构建以集卡作业时间之差最小为目标的集卡车程分配模型,并借助Gurobi精确求解每一集卡的最佳车程任务。以郑州铁路集装箱中心站为例进行实验验证,结果表明:本文所提方法能有效解决公铁联运集装箱在集疏环节的集卡调度问题;相较于单车程模式,多车程模式下集卡调度成本平均减少了60.31%;车程分配优化可以将集卡作业时间最大差值减少14.3%以上,提高了集卡作业时间的均衡性。

集装箱货运网络优化问题的研究——以宁波舟山港集装箱运输为例

为优化集装箱货运网络,对进出口货运集装箱装卸中转站的最佳地理位置的选择和集装箱运输计划的设计进行了研究。2个问题同时考虑建设成本、运输成本以及存储、运力等因素,建立了一种集装箱货运网络优化模型。利用国际集装箱货运代理公司在宁波舟山港一整年的船期数据,使用LINGO软件对所建模型的效果进行求解。最终从宁波舟山港腹地现有38个存储中转仓中优选出32个中转仓存储集装箱,使大约5%的集装箱通过铁路运输,从而能节省5.74%的运营成本。

不确定运价下长江集装箱多式联运路径优化

为充分贴合长江集装箱多式联运场景,在分析长江多式联运组织特点的基础上,考虑不确定运价及不同航段航道通航条件影响,以包含运输周转成本、碳排放成本和时间成本在内的总成本最小化为目标,构建不确定条件下长江集装箱多式联运路径优化模型,并设计蒙特卡洛仿真与改进的狼群算法实现模型求解,最后通过算例分析验证改进的狼群算法的有效性。算例分析结果表明,公路运输能有效控制运输的时间成本,铁路与水路运输在运输经济性与绿色性方面更具优势。在长江航道通航能力与最大中转次数限制下,运输任务将选择较高成本运输方案以满足航道与托运人要求。

RY-I乏燃料运输容器维保实施及经验反馈

随着我国核工业几十年的发展,核电站及其他研究堆产生的放射性废物逐渐增多,对于放射性废物与乏燃料的运输需求也与日俱增,而乏燃料安全运输的关键在于运输容器。RY-I乏燃料运输容器是49-2反应堆和49-3反应堆的乏燃料运输容器,它由核工业总公司第二研究院设计,1990年10—12月在523厂核容器试验场对RY-I乏燃料运输容器按《放射性安全运输规定》进行了正常运输条件下和事故状态下的实验,获得了成功。主要介绍RY-I乏燃料运输容器的维保,对RY-I乏燃料运输容器进行外观检查、结构检查、密封检查,确保其在维保后能够正常使用。对维保过程中的工作进行总结,例如:维保过程中需要更换O形圈,清理容器内壁,打压做密封检查。对维保过程中出现的问题进行原因分析,改进和经验反馈。

集装箱港口集疏运重卡电动化的经济性分析

为分析集装箱港口集疏运重卡电动化的经济性,考虑购置税优惠、补贴、贷款、排放成本等因素,建立广义总拥有成本现值估算模型,构建经济性分析指标,并分析“购买底盘+电池”(方案1)和“购买底盘+租赁电池”(方案2)的经济性。结果表明,在设定条件下,无论是否考虑排放成本,两种方案都不具经济性,但考虑排放成本能有效缓解重卡电动化的成本劣势。当考虑排放成本且其他因素不变时,若电池租金<5.61万元,或电价≤1.28元/(kW·h),或油价≥8.48元/L,或柴油重卡能耗强度≥0.40 L/km,或电动重卡能耗强度≤1.34 (kW·h)/km,方案2具有经济性。类似地,若使方案1具有经济性,应满足电池价格<22.11万元,或电价<1.23元/(kW·h),或油价>8.72元/L,或柴油重卡能耗强度≥0.41 L/km,或电动重卡能耗强度≤1.28 (kW·h)/km。免征电动重卡购置税能有效改善两种方案的经济性指标。调增单位排放成本或电动重卡补贴额度虽能确保两种方案都具有经济性,但其所需调增幅度较高,可能增加重卡司机或政府的经济负担。

考虑风险和碳排放因素的集装箱多式联运路径选择

为给在风险和碳排放不同程度影响下多式联运决策者提供较优的联运选择方案,分别从运输和中转两个角度分析构建联运过程中的风险评价指标体系,通过采用贝叶斯网络模型测算风险发生概率,进而定量分析得到风险成本。考虑双碳目标下多式联运碳排放条件,将多式联运过程中产生的碳排放内化为碳税成本。以此为基础,构建最小化物流成本、风险成本和碳税成本的集装箱多式联运路径优化模型。考虑到联运决策者差异化需求,确定相应目标因素的不同敏感程度和时间约束,设计混合算法进行求解。案例结果表明,可以根据决策者差异化需求灵活调整模型敏感度大小,为多式联运决策者提供较优的联运选择方案。

液氢储运技术发展现状与展望

液氢具有储运密度大、能量密度高的特点,应用前景广阔,受限于液氢的物理特性,低温储运技术制约了液氢大规模应用。该文对当前国内外固定及移动式液氢储存设备进行调研,针对目前所面临的技术难点,从储氢材料、低温绝热、热力特性、配套设备、标准体系等方面总结液氢储运环节的关键技术,分析液氢储运现状与发展趋势,提出未来液氢储运技术重点发展方向,能有力促进中国高性能液氢储运设备研发,保障未来液氢规模化安全使用。

B_(2)O_(3)对含钛高炉渣熔体微观结构与输运性质的影响

为高效利用含钛高炉渣中钛元素,采用分子动力学模拟方法研究B_(2)O_(3)含量对CaO-SiO_(2)-B_(2)O_(3)-TiO_(2)系高炉渣微观结构和输运性质的影响。结果表明:B_(2)O_(3)的含量4%时,B—O、Si—O、Ti—O和Ca—O的键长分别为1.34、1.62、1.95和2.24A。渣中存在[SiO_(4)]四面体、[BO_(3)]三角体和[TiO_(6)]八面体稳定结构单元。体系中加入B_(2)O_(3)含量并不会改变O—Si—O、O—B—O和O—Ti—O键角分布情况。随着B_(2)O_(3)的加入,Si—O—Si和B—O—B键角分别从156.12°和148.43°增大到158.17°和157.08°,大部分Ti—O—Ti键角分布在100.48°,小部分Ti—O—Ti键角从140.17°减小到135.53°。随着B_(2)O_(3)含量的增加,B—O—M(Ca、Si、B和Ti)氧连接占比增多,熔体中高配位结构解聚为低配位结构,体系整体聚合度降低,各离子自扩散系数均增大,熔体黏度从0.183 Pa·s降低到0.140 Pa·s。

放射源运输容器力学设计和试验验证

目的设计一种用于运输工业辐照用特殊形式放射源的运输容器,通过试验验证运输容器的安全性能。方法根据《放射性物品安全运输规程》和《放射性物质安全运输条例》中B(U)型货包的规定进行设计,设计的运输容器主要包括屏蔽容器、吊篮、防护罩及运输托架4部分组成,并对运输容器进行正常运输工况和运输事故工况下的3次跌落试验。结果试验对容器外防护罩和保温层造成部分损坏,但防火层完整,不影响包装的密封和屏蔽功能,试验结果表明运输容器满足标准要求。结论运输容器在正常运输工况和运输事故工况下的跌落测试后,包装的屏蔽和密封仍然有效,即该运输容器在规定的正常运输工况和运输事故工况下能保证放射源的运输安全。

不确定需求下铁路集装箱班列开行方案与定价联合优化

铁路集装箱班列开行方案与运价是影响铁路集装箱运输企业盈利的两个关键因素,且这二者相互联系、相互影响,对其进行联合优化可以提升铁路集装箱运输的市场竞争力。以最大化铁路集装箱运输预期利润为目标,构建联合优化班列开行方案与定价的随机混合整数非线性规划(SMINP)模型。此模型以二项Logit模型描述托运人在铁路集装箱运输与公路集装箱运输之间的运输方式选择行为,在集装箱总运输需求概率分布形式、一阶矩与二阶矩均不确定的情形下,基于分布鲁棒优化方法将此SMINP模型转化为其确定性等价类,根据转化后模型特点进一步利用增量分段线性化以及McCormick包络法对模型线性化,使其可通过调用Gurobi求解器高效求解。以大朗至大红门铁路集装箱运输线路进行算例分析,在线路通过能力与运价可变动范围等信息已知的前提下,求得最优集装箱班列开行方案与运价。算例结果表明本文所提方法能够提升铁路集装箱运输效率与收益。

模糊条件下考虑低排放和可折叠箱的空箱调运优化研究

为满足集装箱场站和港口的空箱需求量,建立绿色可持续交通运输体系,基于运营总费用最低及碳、硫气体排放量最少研究多计划期集装箱空箱调运问题。考虑空箱供给和需求的不确定性,应用梯形模糊数进行处理,建立模糊机会约束规划模型,将模型转化为确定形式后采用NSGA-Ⅱ算法进行求解分析。结果表明,运输费用是运营总费用的主要影响成分,同时海铁联运模式更有助于减少总费用和碳、硫气体排放量。在可折叠箱和标准箱混合运输模式下可得,购箱成本是影响可折叠集装箱使用的关键因素。适当降低可折叠集装箱购箱成本后,混合运输组织模式可以实现比运输全标准箱更低的运营总成本。同时,采用适当比例的可折叠集装箱能够降低碳和硫气体排放量,有助于交通运输业的绿色低碳发展。

散料集装箱快速定量装车技术研究与应用

在我国经济发展处于新常态和“一带一路”倡议推广的背景下,单车双集装箱散料物流运输需求加速提升,传统装车技术无法实现单车双集装箱散料的连续装载。针对上述问题,分析了煤炭集装箱快速定量装车典型工艺参数,研究了单套、两套独立、两套联体、单套双仓快速定量装车可行方案,提出一种双仓协同异步装车新技术,称重仓、溜槽相互独立作业,解决了单车双集装箱无法连续装车的难题,装车效率大大提高,装车质量也得到保障。工程应用表明,散料集装箱快速定量装车系统最大装车能力可达7200 t/h,较实际装载需求提升10%以上,实现了单车双集装箱的连续、快速、高效装载。