Elucidating regulatory processes of intense physical activity by multi-omics analysis

Background:Physiological and biochemical processes across tissues of the body are regulated in response to the high demands of intense physical activity in several occupations,such as firefighting,law enforcement,military,and sports.A better understanding of such processes can ultimately help improve human performance and prevent illnesses in the work environment.Methods:To study regulatory processes in intense physical activity simulating real-life conditions,we performed a multi-omics analysis of 3 biofluids(blood plasma,urine,and saliva)collected from 11 wildland firefighters before and after a 45 min,intense exercise regimen.Omics profiles post-vs.pre-exercise were compared by Student’s t-test followed by pathway analysis and comparison between the different omics modalities.Results:Our multi-omics analysis identified and quantified 3835 proteins,730 lipids and 182 metabolites combining the 3 different types of samples.The blood plasma analysis revealed signatures of tissue damage and acute repair response accompanied by enhanced carbon metabolism to meet energy demands.The urine analysis showed a strong,concomitant regulation of 6 out of 8 identified proteins from the renin-angiotensin system supporting increased excretion of catabolites,reabsorption of nutrients and maintenance of fluid balance.In saliva,we observed a decrease in 3 pro-inflammatory cytokines and an increase in 8 antimicrobial peptides.A systematic literature review identified 6 papers that support an altered susceptibility to respiratory infection.Conclusions:This study shows simultaneous regulatory signatures in biofluids indicative of homeostatic maintenance during intense physical activity with possible effects on increased infection susceptibility,suggesting that caution against respiratory diseases could benefit workers on highly physical demanding jobs.

Gapless Genome Assembly of ZH8015 and Preliminary Multi-Omics Analysis to Investigate ZH8015's Responses Against Brown Planthopper Infestation

Accurate genomic information is essential for advancing genetic breeding research in specific rice varieties.This study presented a gapless genome assembly of the indica rice cultivar Zhonghui 8015(ZH8015)using Pac Bio HiFi,Hi-C,and ONT(Oxford Nanopore Technologies)ultra-long sequencing technologies,annotating 43037 gene structures.Subsequently,utilizing this genome along with transcriptomic and metabolomic techniques,we explored ZH8015's response to brown planthopper(BPH)infestation.Continuous transcriptomic sampling indicated significant changes in gene expression levels around 48 h after BPH feeding.Enrichment analysis revealed particularly significant alterations in genes related to reactive oxygen species scavenging and cell wall formation.Metabolomic results demonstrated marked increases in levels of several monosaccharides,which are components of the cell wall and dramatic changes in flavonoid contents.Omics association analysis identified differentially expressed genes associated with key metabolites,shedding light on ZH8015's response to BPH infestation.In summary,this study constructed a reliable genome sequence resource for ZH8015,and the preliminary multi-omics results will guide future insect-resistant breeding research.

Multi-omics analysis of human tendon adhesion reveals that ACKR1-regulated macrophage migration is involved in regeneration

Tendon adhesion is a common complication after tendon injury with the development of accumulated fibrotic tissues without effective anti-fibrotic therapies,resulting in severe disability.Macrophages are widely recognized as a fibrotic trigger during peritendinous adhesion formation.However,different clusters of macrophages have various functions and receive multiple regulation,which are both still unknown.In our current study,multi-omics analysis including single-cell RNA sequencing and proteomics was performed on both human and mouse tendon adhesion tissue at different stages after tendon injury.The transcriptomes of over 74000 human single cells were profiled.As results,we found that SPP1^(+)macrophages,RGCC^(+)endothelial cells,ACKR1^(+)endothelial cells and ADAM12^(+)fibroblasts participated in tendon adhesion formation.Interestingly,despite specific fibrotic clusters in tendon adhesion,FOLR2^(+)macrophages were identified as an antifibrotic cluster by in vitro experiments using human cells.Furthermore,ACKR1 was verified to regulate FOLR2^(+)macrophages migration at the injured peritendinous site by transplantation of bone marrow from Lysm-Cre;R26R^(tdTomato) mice to lethally irradiated Ackr1^(-/-)mice(Ackr1^(-/-)chimeras;deficient in ACKR1)and control mice(WT chimeras).Compared with WT chimeras,the decline of FOLR2^(+)macrophages was also observed,indicating that ACKR1 was specifically involved in FOLR2^(+)macrophages migration.Taken together,our study not only characterized the fibrosis microenvironment landscape of tendon adhesion by multi-omics analysis,but also uncovered a novel antifibrotic cluster of macrophages and their origin.These results provide potential therapeutic targets against human tendon adhesion.

BABA-induced pathogen resistance: a multi-omics analysis of the tomato response reveals a hyper-receptive status involving ethylene

Prior exposure to microbial-associated molecular patterns or specific chemical compounds can promote plants into a primed state with stronger defence responses.β-aminobutyric acid(BABA)is an endogenous stress metabolite that induces resistance protecting various plants towards diverse stresses.In this study,by integrating BABA-induced changes in selected metabolites with transcriptome and proteome data,we generated a global map of the molecular processes operating in BABA-induced resistance(BABA-IR)in tomato.BABA significantly restricts the growth of the pathogens Oidium neolycopersici and Phytophthora parasitica but not Botrytis cinerea.A cluster analysis of the upregulated processes showed that BABA acts mainly as a stress factor in tomato.The main factor distinguishing BABA-IR from other stress conditions was the extensive induction of signaling and perception machinery playing a key role in effective resistance against pathogens.Interestingly,the signalling processes and immune response activated during BABA-IR in tomato differed from those in Arabidopsis with substantial enrichment of genes associated with jasmonic acid(JA)and ethylene(ET)signalling and no change in Asp levels.Our results revealed key differences between the effect of BABA on tomato and other model plants studied until now.Surprisingly,salicylic acid(SA)is not involved in BABA downstream signalization whereas ET and JA play a crucial role.

Integrated multi-omics analysis of developing‘Newhall’orange and its glossy mutant provide insights into citrus fragrance formation

Sesquiterpene valencene is dominant in flavedo tissues of sweet oranges and imparts a unique woody aroma.However,the interaction between the biosynthetic pathways of valencene and other nutritional compounds is less studied.Sesquiterpenoids were significantly accumulated in a previously reported glossy mutant of orange(MT)than the wild type(WT),especially valencene and caryophyllene.In addition,we identified several other pathways with variations at both the transcriptional and metabolic levels in MT.It’s interesting to found those upregulated metabolites in MT,such as eukaryotic lipids,kaempferol and proline also showed strong positive correlation with valencene along with fruit maturation while those down-regulated metabolites,such as phenylpropanoid coumarins and most of the modified flavonoids exhibited negative correlation.We then categorized these shifted pathways into the‘sesquitepenoid-identical shunt’and the sesquitepenoid-opposite shunt’and confirmed the classification result at transcriptional level.Our results provide important insights into the connections between various fruit quality-related properties.

Comprehensive multi-omics analysis identified core molecular processes in esophageal cancer and revealed GNGT2 as a potential prognostic marker

BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer is one of the most poorly diagnosed and fatal cancers in the world.Although a series of studies on esophageal cancer have been reported,the molecular pathogenesis of the disease remains elusive.AIM To investigate comprehensively the molecular process of esophageal cancer.METHODS Differential expression analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in different stages of esophageal cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas data.Exacting gene interaction modules were generated,and hub genes in the module interaction network were found.Further,through survival analysis,methylation analysis,pivot analysis,and enrichment analysis,some important molecules and related functions/pathways were identified to elucidate potential mechanisms in esophageal cancer.RESULTS A total of 7457 DEGs and 14 gene interaction modules were identified.These module genes were significantly involved in the positive regulation of protein transport,gastric acid secretion,insulin-like growth factor receptor binding,and other biological processes as well as p53 signaling pathway,epidermal growth factor signaling pathway,and epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway.Transcription factors(including hypoxia inducible factor 1A)and noncoding RNAs(including colorectal differentially expressed and hsa-miR-330-3p)that significantly regulate dysfunction modules were identified.Survival analysis showed that G protein subunit gamma transducin 2(GNGT2)was closely related to survival of esophageal cancer.DEGs with strong methylation regulation ability were identified,including SST and SH3GL2.Furthermore,the expression of GNGT2 was evaluated by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction,and the results showed that GNGT2 expression was significantly upregulated in esophageal cancer patient samples and cell lines.Moreover,cell counting kit-8 assay revealed that GNGT2 could promote the proliferation of esophageal cancer cell lines.CONCLUSION This study not only revealed the potential regulatory factors involved in the development of esophageal cancer but also deepens our understanding of its underlying mechanism.

Regulatory mechanisms of dopamine metabolism in a marine Meyerozyma guilliermondii GXDK6 under NaCl stress as revealed by integrative multi-omics analysis

Dopamine can be used to treat depression,myocardial infarction,and other diseases.However,few reports are available on the de novo microbial synthesis of dopamine from low-cost substrate.In this study,integrated omics technology was used to explore the dopamine metabolism of a novel marine multi-stress-tolerant aromatic yeast Meyerozyma guilliermondii GXDK6.GXDK6 was found to have the ability to biosynthesize dopamine when using glucose as the substrate.14 key genes for the biosynthesis of dopamine were identified by whole genome-wide analysis.Transcriptomic and proteomic data showed that the expression levels of gene AAT2 encoding aspartate aminotransferase(regulating dopamine anabolism)were upregulated,while gene AO-I encoding copper amine oxidase(involved in dopamine catabolism)were downregulated under 10%NaCl stress compared with non-NaCl stress,thereby contributing to biosynthesis of dopamine.Further,the amount of dopamine under 10%NaCl stress was 2.51-fold higher than that of zero NaCl,which was consistent with the multi-omics results.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)and high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)results confirmed the metabolic model of dopamine.Furthermore,by overexpressing AAT2,AST enzyme activity was increased by 24.89%,the expression of genes related to dopamine metabolism was enhanced,and dopamine production was increased by 56.36%in recombinant GXDK6AAT2.In conclusion,Meyerozyma guilliermondii GXDK6 could utilize low-cost carbon source to synthesize dopamine,and NaCl stress promoted the biosynthesis of dopamine.

Dynamic immune recovery process after liver transplantation revealed by single-cell multi-omics analysis

Elucidating the temporal process of immune remodeling under immunosuppressive treatment after liver transplantation(LT)is critical for precise clinical management strategies.Here,we performed a single-cell multi-omics analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)collected from LT patients(with and without acute cellular rejection[ACR])at 13 time points.Validation was performed in two independent cohorts with additional LT patients and healthy controls.Our study revealed a four-phase recovery process after LT and delineated changes in immune cell composition,expression programs,and interactions along this process.The intensity of the immune response differs between the ACR and non-ACR patients.Notably,the newly identified inflamed NK cells,CD14+RNASE2+monocytes,and FOS-expressing monocytes emerged as predictive indicators of ACR.This study illuminates the longitudinal evolution of the immune cell landscape under tacrolimus-based immunosuppressive treatment during LT recovery,providing a four-phase framework that aids the clinical management of LT patients.

Multi-omics analysis of attenuated variant reveals potential evaluation marker of host damaging for SARS-CoV-2 variants

SARS-CoV-2 continues to threaten human society by generating novel variants via mutation and recombination.The high number of mutations that appeared in emerging variants not only enhanced their immune-escaping ability but also made it difficult to predict the pathogenicity and virulence based on viral nucleotide sequences.Molecular markers for evaluating the pathogenicity of new variants are therefore needed.By comparing host responses to wild-type and variants with attenuated pathogenicity at proteome and metabolome levels,six key molecules on the polyamine biosynthesis pathway including putrescine,SAM,dc-SAM,ODC1,SAMS,and SAMDC were found to be differentially upregulated and associated with pathogenicity of variants.To validate our discovery,human airway organoids were subsequently used which recapitulates SARS-CoV-2 replication in the airway epithelial cells of COVID-19 patients.Using ODC1 as a proof-ofconcept,differential activation of polyamine biosynthesis was found to be modulated by the renin-angiotensin system(RAS)and positively associated with ACE2 activity.Further experiments demonstrated that ODC1 expression could be differentially activated upon a panel of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern(VOCs)and was found to be correlated with each VOCs’pathogenic properties.Particularly,the presented study revealed the discriminative ability of key molecules on polyamine biosynthesis as a predictive marker for virulence evaluation and assessment of SARS-CoV-2 variants in cell or organoid models.Our work,therefore,presented a practical strategy that could be potentially applied as an evaluation tool for the pathogenicity of current and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Prospective study and validation of early warning marker discovery based on integrating multi-omics analysis in severe burn patients with sepsis

Background:Early detection,timely diagnosis and rapid response are essential for case management and precautions of burn-associated sepsis.However,studies on indicators for early warning and intervention have rarely been conducted.This study was performed to better understand the pathophysiological changes and targets for prevention of severe burn injuries.Methods:We conducted a multi-center,prospective multi-omics study,including genomics,microRNAomics,proteomics and single-cell transcriptomics,in 60 patients with severe burn injuries.A mouse model of severe burn injuries was also constructed to verify the early warning ability and therapeutic effects of potential markers.Results:Through genomic analysis,we identified seven important susceptibility genes(DNAH11,LAMA2,ABCA2,ZFAND4,CEP290,MUC20 and ENTPD1)in patients with severe burn injuries complicated with sepsis.Through plasma miRNAomics studies,we identified four miRNAs(hsamiR-16-5p,hsa-miR-185-5p,hsa-miR-451a and hsa-miR-423-5p)that may serve as early warning markers of burn-associated sepsis.A proteomic study indicated the changes in abundance of major proteins at different time points after severe burn injury and revealed the candidate early warning markers S100A8 and SERPINA10.In addition,the proteomic analysis indicated that neutrophils play an important role in the pathogenesis of severe burn injuries,as also supported by findings from single-cell transcriptome sequencing of neutrophils.Through further studies on severely burned mice,we determined that S100A8 is also a potential early therapeutic target for severe burn injuries,beyond being an early warning indicator.Conclusions:Our multi-omics study identified seven susceptibility genes,four miRNAs and two proteins as early warning markers for severe burn-associated sepsis.In severe burn-associated sepsis,the protein S100A8 has both warning and therapeutic effects.

Multi-omics Analysis of Young Portulaca oleracea L.Plants’Responses to High NaCl Doses Reveals Insights into Pathways and Genes Responsive to Salinity Stress in this Halophyte Species

Soil salinity is among the abiotic stressors that threaten agriculture the most,and purslane(Portulaca oleracea L.)is a dicot species adapted to inland salt desert and saline habitats that hyper accumulates salt and has high phytoremediation potential.Many researchers consider purslane a suitable model species to study the mechanisms of plant tolerance to drought and salt stresses.Here,a robust salinity stress protocol was developed and used to characterize the morphophysiological responses of young purslane plants to salinity stress;then,leaf tissue underwent characterization by distinct omics platforms to gain further insights into its response to very high salinity stress.The salinity stress protocol did generate different levels of stress by gradients of electrical conductivity at field capacity and water potential in the saturation extract of the substrate,and the morphological parameters indicated three distinct stress levels.As expected from a halophyte species,these plants remained alive under very high levels of salinity stress,showing salt crystal-like structures constituted mainly by Na^(+),Cl^(−),and K^(+)on and around closed stomata.A comprehensive and large-scale metabolome and transcriptome single and integrated analyses were then employed using leaf samples.The multi-omics integration(MOI)system analysis led to a data-set of 51 metabolic pathways with at least one enzyme and one metabolite differentially expressed due to salinity stress.These data sets(of genes and metabolites)are valuable for future studies aimed to deepen our knowledge on the mechanisms behind the high tolerance of this species to salinity stress.In conclusion,besides showing that this species applies salt exclusion already in young plants to support very high levels of salinity stress,the initial analysis of metabolites and transcripts data sets already give some insights into other salt tolerance mechanisms used by this species to support high levels of salinity stress.

Action of circulating and infiltrating B cells in the immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer by single-cell sequencing analysis

BACKGROUND The complexity of the immune microenvironment has an impact on the treatment of colorectal cancer(CRC),one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide.In this study,multi-omics and single-cell sequencing techniques were used to investigate the mechanism of action of circulating and infiltrating B cells in CRC.By revealing the heterogeneity and functional differences of B cells in cancer immunity,we aim to deepen our understanding of immune regulation and provide a scientific basis for the development of more effective cancer treatment strategies.AIM To explore the role of circulating and infiltrating B cell subsets in the immune microenvironment of CRC,explore the potential driving mechanism of B cell development,analyze the interaction between B cells and other immune cells in the immune microenvironment and the functions of communication molecules,and search for possible regulatory pathways to promote the anti-tumor effects of B cells.METHODS A total of 69 paracancer(normal),tumor and peripheral blood samples were collected from 23 patients with CRC from The Cancer Genome Atlas database(https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/).After the immune cells were sorted by multicolor flow cytometry,the single cell transcriptome and B cell receptor group library were sequenced using the 10X Genomics platform,and the data were analyzed using bioinformatics tools such as Seurat.The differences in the number and function of B cell infiltration between tumor and normal tissue,the interaction between B cell subsets and T cells and myeloid cell subsets,and the transcription factor regulatory network of B cell subsets were explored and analyzed.RESULTS Compared with normal tissue,the infiltrating number of CD20+B cell subsets in tumor tissue increased significantly.Among them,germinal center B cells(GCB)played the most prominent role,with positive clone expansion and heavy chain mutation level increasing,and the trend of differentiation into memory B cells increased.However,the number of plasma cells in the tumor microenvironment decreased significantly,and the plasma cells secreting IgA antibodies decreased most obviously.In addition,compared with the immune microenvironment of normal tissues,GCB cells in tumor tissues became more closely connected with other immune cells such as T cells,and communication molecules that positively regulate immune function were significantly enriched.CONCLUSION The role of GCB in CRC tumor microenvironment is greatly enhanced,and its affinity to tumor antigen is enhanced by its significantly increased heavy chain mutation level.Meanwhile,GCB has enhanced its association with immune cells in the microenvironment,which plays a positive anti-tumor effect.

Screening biomarkers for spinal cord injury using weighted gene co-expression network analysis and machine learning

Immune changes and inflammatory responses have been identified as central events in the pathological process of spinal co rd injury.They can greatly affect nerve regeneration and functional recovery.However,there is still limited understanding of the peripheral immune inflammato ry response in spinal cord inju ry.In this study.we obtained microRNA expression profiles from the peripheral blood of patients with spinal co rd injury using high-throughput sequencing.We also obtained the mRNA expression profile of spinal cord injury patients from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database(GSE151371).We identified 54 differentially expressed microRNAs and 1656 diffe rentially expressed genes using bioinformatics approaches.Functional enrichment analysis revealed that various common immune and inflammation-related signaling pathways,such as neutrophil extracellular trap formation pathway,T cell receptor signaling pathway,and nuclear factor-κB signal pathway,we re abnormally activated or inhibited in spinal cord inju ry patient samples.We applied an integrated strategy that combines weighted gene co-expression network analysis,LASSO logistic regression,and SVM-RFE algorithm and identified three biomarke rs associated with spinal cord injury:ANO10,BST1,and ZFP36L2.We verified the expression levels and diagnostic perfo rmance of these three genes in the original training dataset and clinical samples through the receiver operating characteristic curve.Quantitative polymerase chain reaction results showed that ANO20 and BST1 mRNA levels were increased and ZFP36L2 mRNA was decreased in the peripheral blood of spinal cord injury patients.We also constructed a small RNA-mRNA interaction network using Cytoscape.Additionally,we evaluated the proportion of 22 types of immune cells in the peripheral blood of spinal co rd injury patients using the CIBERSORT tool.The proportions of naive B cells,plasma cells,monocytes,and neutrophils were increased while the proportions of memory B cells,CD8^(+)T cells,resting natural killer cells,resting dendritic cells,and eosinophils were markedly decreased in spinal cord injury patients increased compared with healthy subjects,and ANO10,BST1 and ZFP26L2we re closely related to the proportion of certain immune cell types.The findings from this study provide new directions for the development of treatment strategies related to immune inflammation in spinal co rd inju ry and suggest that ANO10,BST2,and ZFP36L2 are potential biomarkers for spinal cord injury.The study was registe red in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(registration No.ChiCTR2200066985,December 12,2022).

Social-ecological perspective on the suicidal behaviour factors of early adolescents in China:a network analysis

Background In early adolescence,youth are highly prone to suicidal behaviours.Identifying modifiable risk factors during this critical phase is a priority to inform effective suicide prevention strategies.Aims To explore the risk and protective factors of suicidal behaviours(ie,suicidal ideation,plans and attempts)in early adolescence in China using a social-ecological perspective.Methods Using data from the cross-sectional project‘Healthy and Risky Behaviours Among Middle School Students in Anhui Province,China',stratified random cluster sampling was used to select 5724 middle school students who had completed self-report questionnaires in November 2020.Network analysis was employed to examine the correlates of suicidal ideation,plans and attempts at four levels,namely individual(sex,academic performance,serious physical llness/disability,history of self-harm,depression,impulsivity,sleep problems,resilience),family(family economic status,relationship with mother,relationship with father,family violence,childhood abuse,parental mental illness),school(relationship with teachers,relationship with classmates,school-bullying victimisation and perpetration)and social(social support,satisfaction with society).Results In total,37.9%,19.0%and 5.5%of the students reported suicidal ideation,plans and attempts in the past 6 months,respectively.The estimated network revealed that suicidal ideation,plans and attempts were collectively associated with a history of self-harm,sleep problems,childhood abuse,school bullying and victimisation.Centrality analysis indicated that the most influential nodes in the network were history of self-harm and childhood abuse.Notably,the network also showed unique correlates of suicidal ideation(sex,weight=0.60;impulsivity,weight=0.24;family violence,weight=0.17;relationship with teachers,weight=-0.03;school-bullying perpetration,weight=0.22),suicidal plans(social support,weight=-0.15)and suicidal attempts(relationship with mother,weight=-0.10;parental mental llness,weight=0.61).Conclusions This study identified the correlates of suicidal ideation,plans and attempts,and provided practical implications for suicide prevention for young adolescents in China.Firstly,this study highlighted the importance of joint interventions across multiple departments.Secondly,the common risk factors of suicidal ideation,plans and attempts were elucidated.Thirdly,this study proposed target interventions to address the unique influencing factors of suicidal ideation,plans and attempts.

Advances in microfluidic-based DNA methylation analysis

DNA methylation has been extensively investigated in recent years,not least because of its known relationship with various diseases.Progress in analytical methods can greatly increase the relevance of DNA methylation studies to both clinical medicine and scientific research.Microflu-idic chips are excellent carriers for molecular analysis,and their use can provide improvements from multiple aspects.On-chip molecular analysis has received extensive attention owing to its advantages of portability,high throughput,low cost,and high efficiency.In recent years,the use of novel microfluidic chips for DNA methylation analysis has been widely reported and has shown obvious superiority to conventional methods.In this review,wefirst focus on DNA methylation and its applications.Then,we discuss advanced microfluidic-based methods for DNA methylation analysis and describe the great progress that has been made in recent years.Finally,we summarize the advantages that microfluidic technology brings to DNA methylation analysis and describe several challenges and perspectives for on-chip DNA methylation analysis.This review should help researchers improve their understanding and make progress in developing microfluidic-based methods for DNA methylation analysis.

A Review on Sources,Extractions and Analysis Methods of a Sustainable Biomaterial:Tannins

Condensed and hydrolysable tannins are non-toxic natural polyphenols that are a commercial commodity industrialized for tanning hides to obtain leather and for a growing number of other industrial applications mainly to substitute petroleum-based products.They are a definite class of sustainable materials of the forestry industry.They have been in operation for hundreds of years to manufacture leather and now for a growing number of applications in a variety of other industries,such as wood adhesives,metal coating,pharmaceutical/medical applications and several others.This review presents the main sources,either already or potentially commercial of this forestry by-materials,their industrial and laboratory extraction systems,their systems of analysis with their advantages and drawbacks,be these methods so simple to even appear primitive but nonetheless of proven effectiveness,or very modern and instrumental.It constitutes a basic but essential summary of what is necessary to know of these sustainable materials.In doing so,the review highlights some of the main challenges that remain to be addressed to deliver the quality and economics of tannin supply necessary to fulfill the industrial production requirements for some materials-based uses.

Lagrangian coherent structure analysis on transport of Acetes chinensis along coast of Lianyungang,China

Spatial heterogeneity or“patchiness”of plankton distributions in the ocean has always been an attractive and challenging scientific issue to oceanographers.We focused on the accumulation and dynamic mechanism of the Acetes chinensis in the Lianyungang nearshore licensed fishing area.The Lagrangian frame approaches including the Lagrangian coherent structures theory,Lagrangian residual current,and Lagrangian particle-tracking model were applied to find the transport pathways and aggregation characteristics of Acetes chinensis.There exist some material transport pathways for Acetes chinensis passing through the licensed fishing area,and Acetes chinensis is easy to accumulate in the licensed fishing area.The main mechanism forming this distribution pattern is the local circulation induced by the nonlinear interaction of topography and tidal flow.Both the Lagrangian coherent structure analysis and the particle trajectory tracking indicate that Acetes chinensis in the licensed fishing area come from the nearshore estuary.This work contributed to the adjustment of licensed fishing area and the efficient utilization of fishery resources.

Iron and ferritin effects on intensive care unit mortality:A metaanalysis

BACKGROUND The effect of serum iron or ferritin parameters on mortality among critically ill patients is not well characterized.AIM To determine the association between serum iron or ferritin parameters and mortality among critically ill patients.METHODS Web of Science,Embase,PubMed,and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies on serum iron or ferritin parameters and mortality among critically ill patients.Two reviewers independently assessed,selected,and abstracted data from studies reporting on serum iron or ferritin parameters and mortality among critically ill patients.Data on serum iron or ferritin levels,mortality,and demographics were extracted.RESULTS Nineteen studies comprising 125490 patients were eligible for inclusion.We observed a slight negative effect of serum ferritin on mortality in the United States population[relative risk(RR)1.002;95%CI:1.002-1.004].In patients with sepsis,serum iron had a significant negative effect on mortality(RR=1.567;95%CI:1.208-1.925).CONCLUSION This systematic review presents evidence of a negative correlation between serum iron levels and mortality among patients with sepsis.Furthermore,it reveals a minor yet adverse impact of serum ferritin on mortality among the United States population.

Telomerase-related advances in hepatocellular carcinoma:A bibliometric and visual analysis

BACKGROUND As a critical early event in hepatocellular carcinogenesis,telomerase activation might be a promising and critical biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients,and its function in the genesis and treatment of HCC has gained much attention over the past two decades.AIM To perform a bibliometric analysis to systematically assess the current state of research on HCC-related telomerase.METHODS The Web of Science Core Collection and PubMed were systematically searched to retrieve publications pertaining to HCC/telomerase limited to“articles”and“reviews”published in English.A total of 873 relevant publications related to HCC and telomerase were identified.We employed the Bibliometrix package in R to extract and analyze the fundamental information of the publications,such as the trends in the publications,citation counts,most prolific or influential writers,and most popular journals;to screen for keywords occurring at high frequency;and to draw collaboration and cluster analysis charts on the basis of coauthorship and co-occurrences.VOSviewer was utilized to compile and visualize the bibliometric data.RESULTS A surge of 51 publications on HCC/telomerase research occurred in 2016,the most productive year from 1996 to 2023,accompanied by the peak citation count recorded in 2016.Up to December 2023,35226 citations were made to all publications,an average of 46.6 citations to each paper.The United States received the most citations(n=13531),followed by China(n=7427)and Japan(n=5754).In terms of national cooperation,China presented the highest centrality,its strongest bonds being to the United States and Japan.Among the 20 academic institutions with the most publications,ten came from China and the rest of Asia,though the University of Paris Cité,Public Assistance-Hospitals of Paris,and the National Institute of Health and Medical Research(INSERM)were the most prolific.As for individual contributions,Hisatomi H,Kaneko S,and Ide T were the three most prolific authors.Kaneko S ranked first by H-index,G-index,and overall publication count,while Zucman-Rossi J ranked first in citation count.The five most popular journals were the World Journal of Gastroenterology,Hepatology,Journal of Hepatology,Oncotarget,and Oncogene,while Nature Genetics,Hepatology,and Nature Reviews Disease Primers had the most citations.We extracted 2293 keywords from the publications,120 of which appeared more than ten times.The most frequent were HCC,telomerase and human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hTERT).Keywords such as mutational landscape,TERT promoter mutations,landscape,risk,and prognosis were among the most common issues in this field in the last three years and may be topics for research in the coming years.CONCLUSION Our bibliometric analysis provides a comprehensive overview of HCC/telomerase research and insights into promising upcoming research.

Micro segment analysis of supercritical methane thermal-hydraulic performance and pseudo-boiling in a PCHE straight channel

The printed circuit heat exchanger(PCHE) is receiving wide attention as a new kind of compact heat exchanger and is considered as a promising vaporizer in the LNG process. In this paper, a PCHE straight channel in the length of 500 mm is established, with a semicircular cross section in a diameter of 1.2 mm.Numerical simulation is employed to investigate the flow and heat transfer performance of supercritical methane in the channel. The pseudo-boiling theory is adopted and the liquid-like, two-phase-like, and vapor-like regimes are divided for supercritical methane to analyze the heat transfer and flow features.The results are presented in micro segment to show the local convective heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop. It shows that the convective heat transfer coefficient in segments along the channel has a significant peak feature near the pseudo-critical point and a heat transfer deterioration when the average fluid temperature in the segment is higher than the pseudo-critical point. The reason is explained with the generation of vapor-like film near the channel wall that the peak feature related to a nucleateboiling-like state and heat transfer deterioration related to a film-boiling-like state. The effects of parameters, including mass flow rate, pressure, and wall heat flux on flow and heat transfer were analyzed.In calculating of the averaged heat transfer coefficient of the whole channel, the traditional method shows significant deviation and the micro segment weighted average method is adopted. The pressure drop can mainly be affected by the mass flux and pressure and little affected by the wall heat flux. The peak of the convective heat transfer coefficient can only form at high mass flux, low wall heat flux, and near critical pressure, in which condition the nucleate-boiling-like state is easier to appear. Moreover,heat transfer deterioration will always appear, since the supercritical flow will finally develop into a filmboiling-like state. So heat transfer deterioration should be taken seriously in the design and safe operation of vaporizer PCHE. The study of this work clarified the local heat transfer and flow feature of supercritical methane in microchannel and contributed to the deep understanding of supercritical methane flow of the vaporization process in PCHE.