This paper represents an attempt to test the relationship between the exports and productivity of Chinese firms using the data set of nearly 3 million industrial firms in 20 industrial sectors over the period 1998-200...This paper represents an attempt to test the relationship between the exports and productivity of Chinese firms using the data set of nearly 3 million industrial firms in 20 industrial sectors over the period 1998-2007. Our test finds that non-export firms were more productive than export firms, and exports were negatively related to productivity-namely that the lower the productivity of a firm, the higher its exports. This finding is in contradiction with the hypothesis of new-new trade theory. The contradiction is referred to as the "productivity paradox" in this paper. Further tests find that firm size is a key factor affecting firm exports, but the impact of exports on firm productivity is insignif icant. This paper reckons that the "productivity paradox" of Chinese export firms may be attributed to the disproportionate share of processing trade in export trade.展开更多
With deepening digital technology applications in international trade, e-commerce platforms have become a major avenue for firm export. Based on a multicountry, multi-product heterogeneous firms trade theory model, th...With deepening digital technology applications in international trade, e-commerce platforms have become a major avenue for firm export. Based on a multicountry, multi-product heterogeneous firms trade theory model, this paper investigates the firm export effects of e-commerce platforms, and empirically tests the inferences from the model using data from Alibaba China Station, China industrial enterprises data, and China customs data from 2000 to 2009. Our estimation result shows that overall, e-commerce platforms significantly increase firm export probability and volume;e-commerce platforms enable firms to export products of different types to more countries by reducing the cost of information and export markets threshold while raising trade efficiency. Further analysis of enterprise heterogeneity reveals that SMEs, firms in China's eastern region, and general exporters benefit more from e-commerce platforms than other types of firms do.展开更多
Based on the market segmentation theory,this paper employed data on China-US trade and firm R&D,innovation and TFP to investigate the long-term effects of China’s manufacturing exports on firm innovation in the U...Based on the market segmentation theory,this paper employed data on China-US trade and firm R&D,innovation and TFP to investigate the long-term effects of China’s manufacturing exports on firm innovation in the US from an heterogeneity perspective,and tested the underlying mechanism.The authors found that in the long run,China’s manufacturing exports had to some extent increased manufacturing firm innovation in the US.The effect is highly heterogeneous across various manufacturing sectors.While Chinese exports affect the innovation output of non-core manufacturing firms in the US,they did little on the innovation of core manufacturing firms in the US.In the long run,the cumulative R&D input of core manufacturing firms in the US has not decreased significantly,and factors of production had migrated from non-core to core manufacturing sectors.Such a reallocation of production factors has increased specialization and overall innovation output from US manufacturing firms.By demonstrating that the rise of developing countries is consistent with the theory of comparative advantages,this paper refutes the“China threat”narrative touted by some developed countries,and provides scientific basis for rational resource allocation and international division of labor.展开更多
This study examines how the foreign experience of local oficials affects firms'exports in China.Using a matched sample from 2000 to 2012,we found that the foreign experience of municipal Party secretaries had a si...This study examines how the foreign experience of local oficials affects firms'exports in China.Using a matched sample from 2000 to 2012,we found that the foreign experience of municipal Party secretaries had a significant impact on the promotion of firms'exports,especially for private firms.This positive impact was more pronounced when officials went abroad at a younger age,stayed abroad for a longer period,returned to China for a longer time,and had greater promotion incentives.We found that officials'foreign experience helped to mitigate the negative impact of institutional distance and provided firms with better access to export subsidies,both of which could promote exporting.There was also a complementary effect when officials and executives both had foreign experience.Overall,our study provides some insights into the economic outcomes of officials'foreign experience and sheds light on the export performance of Chinese firms.展开更多
Exporting is of great interest for SMEs in Jordan from both microeconomic and macroeconomic perspective.The objective of this study was to identify to what extent specific internal factors contribute to export success...Exporting is of great interest for SMEs in Jordan from both microeconomic and macroeconomic perspective.The objective of this study was to identify to what extent specific internal factors contribute to export success of SMEs in Jordan.This study hypothesized that export performance of SMEs is directly affected by three groups of internal factors.These include firm characteristics,managerial characteristics,and marketing strategy.A multiple case approach is used to conduct this research and a structured interview is developed to collect the data directly from the participants.A pattern matching approach was used to test the hypotheses.The results show that export performance is positively affected by firm characteristics,managerial characteristics,and marketing strategy.Additionally,the demographic characteristics of managers and adaptation of distribution channels are unlikely to have an influence on export performance.This was unexpected,because of the plenty of empirical evidences in the literature that support the impact of these variables on export success.展开更多
This paper re-examines the driving factors behind the upgrading of China s export sophistication.Based on county-level minimum wages and firm-level export data for 2000-2013,this paper finds that the labor cost shocks...This paper re-examines the driving factors behind the upgrading of China s export sophistication.Based on county-level minimum wages and firm-level export data for 2000-2013,this paper finds that the labor cost shocks caused by rising minimum wages have a significant positive impact on Chinese firms'export sophistication.Channel tests show that the positive effect of rising minimum wages on firms'export sophistication derives from the exit of less sophisticated products and the reallocation of the relative share of surviving products,rather than introducing new highly sophisticated products.Heterogeneity analysis reveals that rising minimum wages have a greater impact on export sophistication for low-wage firms,domestic firms,and labor-intensive firms.This paper has implications for developing countries regarding the transition from a low-cost labor trade model to a sophistication-driven trade model.展开更多
基金funded by the bigness program of Institute of World Economics and Politics at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciencethe Center for International Competitiveness of Chinese Economy under the "985 Program" of Fudan University for providing the invaluable data used in this paper
文摘This paper represents an attempt to test the relationship between the exports and productivity of Chinese firms using the data set of nearly 3 million industrial firms in 20 industrial sectors over the period 1998-2007. Our test finds that non-export firms were more productive than export firms, and exports were negatively related to productivity-namely that the lower the productivity of a firm, the higher its exports. This finding is in contradiction with the hypothesis of new-new trade theory. The contradiction is referred to as the "productivity paradox" in this paper. Further tests find that firm size is a key factor affecting firm exports, but the impact of exports on firm productivity is insignif icant. This paper reckons that the "productivity paradox" of Chinese export firms may be attributed to the disproportionate share of processing trade in export trade.
文摘With deepening digital technology applications in international trade, e-commerce platforms have become a major avenue for firm export. Based on a multicountry, multi-product heterogeneous firms trade theory model, this paper investigates the firm export effects of e-commerce platforms, and empirically tests the inferences from the model using data from Alibaba China Station, China industrial enterprises data, and China customs data from 2000 to 2009. Our estimation result shows that overall, e-commerce platforms significantly increase firm export probability and volume;e-commerce platforms enable firms to export products of different types to more countries by reducing the cost of information and export markets threshold while raising trade efficiency. Further analysis of enterprise heterogeneity reveals that SMEs, firms in China's eastern region, and general exporters benefit more from e-commerce platforms than other types of firms do.
文摘Based on the market segmentation theory,this paper employed data on China-US trade and firm R&D,innovation and TFP to investigate the long-term effects of China’s manufacturing exports on firm innovation in the US from an heterogeneity perspective,and tested the underlying mechanism.The authors found that in the long run,China’s manufacturing exports had to some extent increased manufacturing firm innovation in the US.The effect is highly heterogeneous across various manufacturing sectors.While Chinese exports affect the innovation output of non-core manufacturing firms in the US,they did little on the innovation of core manufacturing firms in the US.In the long run,the cumulative R&D input of core manufacturing firms in the US has not decreased significantly,and factors of production had migrated from non-core to core manufacturing sectors.Such a reallocation of production factors has increased specialization and overall innovation output from US manufacturing firms.By demonstrating that the rise of developing countries is consistent with the theory of comparative advantages,this paper refutes the“China threat”narrative touted by some developed countries,and provides scientific basis for rational resource allocation and international division of labor.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71802041),Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC1907159),the Key Project of Social Science Fund of Liaoning Province(No.L20AGL009),and the Postgraduate Innovation Project of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics(No.CXJ2021304).The authors contributed equally.'According to statistics from the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China,the number of foreign students in 2016 was 544,500,an increase of 144,900(32.6 percent)from 2012.The total number of returnees was 432,500,an increase of 159,600 from 2012.Available from:http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xwfb/xw_fbh/moe_2069/xwfbh_2017n/xwfb_170301/170301_sfcl/201703/t20170301_297675.html[online,cited November 2022].
文摘This study examines how the foreign experience of local oficials affects firms'exports in China.Using a matched sample from 2000 to 2012,we found that the foreign experience of municipal Party secretaries had a significant impact on the promotion of firms'exports,especially for private firms.This positive impact was more pronounced when officials went abroad at a younger age,stayed abroad for a longer period,returned to China for a longer time,and had greater promotion incentives.We found that officials'foreign experience helped to mitigate the negative impact of institutional distance and provided firms with better access to export subsidies,both of which could promote exporting.There was also a complementary effect when officials and executives both had foreign experience.Overall,our study provides some insights into the economic outcomes of officials'foreign experience and sheds light on the export performance of Chinese firms.
文摘Exporting is of great interest for SMEs in Jordan from both microeconomic and macroeconomic perspective.The objective of this study was to identify to what extent specific internal factors contribute to export success of SMEs in Jordan.This study hypothesized that export performance of SMEs is directly affected by three groups of internal factors.These include firm characteristics,managerial characteristics,and marketing strategy.A multiple case approach is used to conduct this research and a structured interview is developed to collect the data directly from the participants.A pattern matching approach was used to test the hypotheses.The results show that export performance is positively affected by firm characteristics,managerial characteristics,and marketing strategy.Additionally,the demographic characteristics of managers and adaptation of distribution channels are unlikely to have an influence on export performance.This was unexpected,because of the plenty of empirical evidences in the literature that support the impact of these variables on export success.
基金support from the National Social Science Foundation of China(No.18ZDA038).
文摘This paper re-examines the driving factors behind the upgrading of China s export sophistication.Based on county-level minimum wages and firm-level export data for 2000-2013,this paper finds that the labor cost shocks caused by rising minimum wages have a significant positive impact on Chinese firms'export sophistication.Channel tests show that the positive effect of rising minimum wages on firms'export sophistication derives from the exit of less sophisticated products and the reallocation of the relative share of surviving products,rather than introducing new highly sophisticated products.Heterogeneity analysis reveals that rising minimum wages have a greater impact on export sophistication for low-wage firms,domestic firms,and labor-intensive firms.This paper has implications for developing countries regarding the transition from a low-cost labor trade model to a sophistication-driven trade model.