Improving the performance of anode is a crucial step for increasing output power of marine sediment microbial fuel cells(MSMFCs)to drive marine monitor to work for a long term on the ocean floor.A pyrolyzed iron phtha...Improving the performance of anode is a crucial step for increasing output power of marine sediment microbial fuel cells(MSMFCs)to drive marine monitor to work for a long term on the ocean floor.A pyrolyzed iron phthalocyanine modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite(FePc/MWCNTs)has been utilized as a novel nodified anode in the MSMFC.Its structure of the composite modified anode and electrochemical performance have been investigated respectively in the paper.There is a substantial improvement in electron-transfer efficiency from the bacteria biofilm to the modified anode via the pyrolyzed FePc/MWCNTs composite based on their cyclic voltammetry(CV)and Tafel curves.The electron transfer kinetic activity of the FePc/MWCNTs-modified anode is 1.86 times higher than of the unmodified anode.The maximum power density of the modified MSMFC was 572.3±14 m W m^-2,which is 2.6 times larger than the unmodified one(218.3±11 m W m^-2).The anodic structure and cell scale would be greatly minimized to obtain the same output power by the modified MSMFC,so that it will make the MSMFC to be easily deployed on the remote ocean floor.Therefore,it would have a great significance for us to design a novel and renewable long term power source.Finally,a novel molecular synergetic mechanism is proposed to elucidate its excellent electrochemical performance.展开更多
Halide perovskite light-emitting electrochemical cells are a novel type of the perovskite optoelectronic devices that differs from the perovskite light-emitting diodes by a simple monolayered architecture.Here,we deve...Halide perovskite light-emitting electrochemical cells are a novel type of the perovskite optoelectronic devices that differs from the perovskite light-emitting diodes by a simple monolayered architecture.Here,we develop a perovskite electrochemical cell both for light emission and detection,where the active layer consists of a composite material made of halide perovskite microcrystals,polymer support matrix,and added mobile ions.The perovskite electrochemical cell of CsPbBr3:PEO:LiTFSI composition,emitting light at the wavelength of 523 nm,yields the luminance more than 7000 cd/m2 and electroluminescence efficiency of 4.3 lm/W.The device fabricated on a silicon substrate with transparent single-walled carbon nanotube film as a top contact exhibits 40%lower Joule heating compared to the perovskite optoelectronic devices fabricated on conventional ITO/glass substrates.Moreover,the device operates as a photodetector with a sensitivity up to 0.75 A/W,specific detectivity of 8.56×1011 Jones,and linear dynamic range of 48 dB.The technological potential of such a device is proven by demonstration of 24-pixel indicator display as well as by successful device miniaturization by creation of electroluminescent images with the smallest features less than 50μm.展开更多
Development of strategies to deconstruct lignocellulosic biomass in tree species is essential for biofuels and biomaterials production.We applied a wood forming tissue-specific system in a hybrid poplar to express bot...Development of strategies to deconstruct lignocellulosic biomass in tree species is essential for biofuels and biomaterials production.We applied a wood forming tissue-specific system in a hybrid poplar to express both PdSuSy(a sucrose synthase gene from Populus deltoides×P.euramericana that has not been functionally characterized)and HCHL(the hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA hydratase-lyase gene from Pseudomonas fluorescens,which inhibits lignin polymerization in Arabidopsis).The PdSuSy-HCHL overexpression poplars correspondingly driven by the promoters of Arabidopsis AtCesA7 and AtC4 H resulted in a significant increase in cellulose(>8%),xylan(>12%)and glucose(>29%)content,accompanying a reduction in galacturonic acid(>36%)content,compared to control plants.The saccharification efficiency of these overexpression poplars was dramatically increased by up to 27%,but total lignin content was unaffected.These transgenic poplars showed inhibited growth characteristics,including>16%reduced plant height,>10% reduced number of internodes,and>18% reduced fresh weight after growth of 4 months,possibly due to relatively low expression of HCHL in secondary xylem.Our results demonstrate the structural complexity and interaction of the cell wall polymers in wood tissue and outline a potential method to increase biomass saccharification in woody species.展开更多
Cell wall hemicellulosic polysaccharides are structurally complex and diverse. Knowledge about the synthesis of cell wall hemicelluloses and their biological roles is limited. Quantitative trait loci （QTL） mapping i...Cell wall hemicellulosic polysaccharides are structurally complex and diverse. Knowledge about the synthesis of cell wall hemicelluloses and their biological roles is limited. Quantitative trait loci （QTL） mapping is a helpful tool for the dissection of complex phenotypes for gene identification. In this study, we exploited the natural variation in cell wall monosaccharide levels between a common wild rice, Yuanj, and an elite indica cultivar, Teqing, and performed QTL map- ping with their introgression lines （ILs）. Chemical analyses conducted on the culms of Yuanj and TeqJng showed that the major alterations are found in glucose and xylose levels, which are correlated with specific hemicellulosic polymers. Gly- cosidic linkage examination revealed that, in Yuanj, an increase in glucose content results from a higher level of mixed linkage I^-glucan （MLG）, whereas a reduction in xylose content reflects a low level of xylan backbone and a varied arabi- noxylan （AX） structure. Seventeen QTLs for monosaccharides have been identified through composition analysis of the culm residues of 95 core ILs. Four major QTLs affecting xylose and glucose levels are responsible for 19 and 21% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. This study provides a unique resource for the genetic dissection of rice cell wall forma- tion and remodeling in the vegetative organs.展开更多
基金supported by the National Defense Science and Technology Innovation Zone Project (Nos. 17H863-05-ZT-002-040-001 and 18-H863-05-ZT-002-01301
文摘Improving the performance of anode is a crucial step for increasing output power of marine sediment microbial fuel cells(MSMFCs)to drive marine monitor to work for a long term on the ocean floor.A pyrolyzed iron phthalocyanine modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite(FePc/MWCNTs)has been utilized as a novel nodified anode in the MSMFC.Its structure of the composite modified anode and electrochemical performance have been investigated respectively in the paper.There is a substantial improvement in electron-transfer efficiency from the bacteria biofilm to the modified anode via the pyrolyzed FePc/MWCNTs composite based on their cyclic voltammetry(CV)and Tafel curves.The electron transfer kinetic activity of the FePc/MWCNTs-modified anode is 1.86 times higher than of the unmodified anode.The maximum power density of the modified MSMFC was 572.3±14 m W m^-2,which is 2.6 times larger than the unmodified one(218.3±11 m W m^-2).The anodic structure and cell scale would be greatly minimized to obtain the same output power by the modified MSMFC,so that it will make the MSMFC to be easily deployed on the remote ocean floor.Therefore,it would have a great significance for us to design a novel and renewable long term power source.Finally,a novel molecular synergetic mechanism is proposed to elucidate its excellent electrochemical performance.
基金M.Baeva,A.Vorobyov,V.Neplokh acknowledge the Russian Science Foundation No.22-79-10286(https://rscf.ru/project/22-79-10286/)for supporting silicon substrate processing.D.Gets,APolushkin and S.Makarov acknowledge the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation(Project 075-15-2021-589)for supporting perovskite synthesisA.G.Nasibulin and D.V.Krasnikov acknowledge the Russian Science Foundation(grant No.20-73-10256)for supporting synthesis of SWCNTs.
文摘Halide perovskite light-emitting electrochemical cells are a novel type of the perovskite optoelectronic devices that differs from the perovskite light-emitting diodes by a simple monolayered architecture.Here,we develop a perovskite electrochemical cell both for light emission and detection,where the active layer consists of a composite material made of halide perovskite microcrystals,polymer support matrix,and added mobile ions.The perovskite electrochemical cell of CsPbBr3:PEO:LiTFSI composition,emitting light at the wavelength of 523 nm,yields the luminance more than 7000 cd/m2 and electroluminescence efficiency of 4.3 lm/W.The device fabricated on a silicon substrate with transparent single-walled carbon nanotube film as a top contact exhibits 40%lower Joule heating compared to the perovskite optoelectronic devices fabricated on conventional ITO/glass substrates.Moreover,the device operates as a photodetector with a sensitivity up to 0.75 A/W,specific detectivity of 8.56×1011 Jones,and linear dynamic range of 48 dB.The technological potential of such a device is proven by demonstration of 24-pixel indicator display as well as by successful device miniaturization by creation of electroluminescent images with the smallest features less than 50μm.
基金funded by National Key Program on Transgenic Research(2018ZX08020002)National Key Scientific Research Project of China(2016YFD0600104)+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(31670606,31570670,31770315 and 31701068)Major Basic Research Project of Shandong Natural Science Foundation(ZR2018ZC0335)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2017BC096 and ZR2017BC078)Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong(to G.Z.)。
文摘Development of strategies to deconstruct lignocellulosic biomass in tree species is essential for biofuels and biomaterials production.We applied a wood forming tissue-specific system in a hybrid poplar to express both PdSuSy(a sucrose synthase gene from Populus deltoides×P.euramericana that has not been functionally characterized)and HCHL(the hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA hydratase-lyase gene from Pseudomonas fluorescens,which inhibits lignin polymerization in Arabidopsis).The PdSuSy-HCHL overexpression poplars correspondingly driven by the promoters of Arabidopsis AtCesA7 and AtC4 H resulted in a significant increase in cellulose(>8%),xylan(>12%)and glucose(>29%)content,accompanying a reduction in galacturonic acid(>36%)content,compared to control plants.The saccharification efficiency of these overexpression poplars was dramatically increased by up to 27%,but total lignin content was unaffected.These transgenic poplars showed inhibited growth characteristics,including>16%reduced plant height,>10% reduced number of internodes,and>18% reduced fresh weight after growth of 4 months,possibly due to relatively low expression of HCHL in secondary xylem.Our results demonstrate the structural complexity and interaction of the cell wall polymers in wood tissue and outline a potential method to increase biomass saccharification in woody species.
基金This work was supported by grants from the Ministry of Sciences and Technology of China，the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Cell wall hemicellulosic polysaccharides are structurally complex and diverse. Knowledge about the synthesis of cell wall hemicelluloses and their biological roles is limited. Quantitative trait loci （QTL） mapping is a helpful tool for the dissection of complex phenotypes for gene identification. In this study, we exploited the natural variation in cell wall monosaccharide levels between a common wild rice, Yuanj, and an elite indica cultivar, Teqing, and performed QTL map- ping with their introgression lines （ILs）. Chemical analyses conducted on the culms of Yuanj and TeqJng showed that the major alterations are found in glucose and xylose levels, which are correlated with specific hemicellulosic polymers. Gly- cosidic linkage examination revealed that, in Yuanj, an increase in glucose content results from a higher level of mixed linkage I^-glucan （MLG）, whereas a reduction in xylose content reflects a low level of xylan backbone and a varied arabi- noxylan （AX） structure. Seventeen QTLs for monosaccharides have been identified through composition analysis of the culm residues of 95 core ILs. Four major QTLs affecting xylose and glucose levels are responsible for 19 and 21% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. This study provides a unique resource for the genetic dissection of rice cell wall forma- tion and remodeling in the vegetative organs.
