Purpose: To detect small diagnostic signals such as lung nodules in chest radiographs, radiologists magnify a region-of-interest using linear interpolation methods. However, such methods tend to generate over-smoothed...Purpose: To detect small diagnostic signals such as lung nodules in chest radiographs, radiologists magnify a region-of-interest using linear interpolation methods. However, such methods tend to generate over-smoothed images with artifacts that can make interpretation difficult. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of super-resolution methods for improving the image quality of magnified chest radiographs. Materials and Methods: A total of 247 chest X-rays were sampled from the JSRT database, then divided into 93 training cases with non-nodules and 154 test cases with lung nodules. We first trained two types of super-resolution methods, sparse-coding super-resolution (ScSR) and super-resolution convolutional neural network (SRCNN). With the trained super-resolution methods, the high-resolution image was then reconstructed using the super-resolution methods from a low-resolution image that was down-sampled from the original test image. We compared the image quality of the super-resolution methods and the linear interpolations (nearest neighbor and bilinear interpolations). For quantitative evaluation, we measured two image quality metrics: peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM). For comparative evaluation of the super-resolution methods, we measured the computation time per image. Results: The PSNRs and SSIMs for the ScSR and the SRCNN schemes were significantly higher than those of the linear interpolation methods (p p p Conclusion: Super-resolution methods provide significantly better image quality than linear interpolation methods for magnified chest radiograph images. Of the two tested schemes, the SRCNN scheme processed the images fastest;thus, SRCNN could be clinically superior for processing radiographs in terms of both image quality and processing speed.展开更多
Due to the strong background noise and the acquisition system noise,the useful characteristics are often difficult to be detected.To solve this problem,sparse coding captures a concise representation of the high-level...Due to the strong background noise and the acquisition system noise,the useful characteristics are often difficult to be detected.To solve this problem,sparse coding captures a concise representation of the high-level features in the signal using the underlying structure of the signal.Recently,an Online Convolutional Sparse Coding(OCSC)denoising algorithm has been proposed.However,it does not consider the structural characteristics of the signal,the sparsity of each iteration is not enough.Therefore,a threshold shrinkage algorithm considering neighborhood sparsity is proposed,and a training strategy from loose to tight is developed to further improve the denoising performance of the algorithm,called Variable Threshold Neighborhood Online Convolution Sparse Coding(VTNOCSC).By embedding the structural sparse threshold shrinkage operator into the process of solving the sparse coefficient and gradually approaching the optimal noise separation point in the training,the signal denoising performance of the algorithm is greatly improved.VTNOCSC is used to process the actual bearing fault signal,the noise interference is successfully reduced and the interest features are more evident.Compared with other existing methods,VTNOCSC has better denoising performance.展开更多
现代机械设备传动系统中轴承和齿轮容易发生局部疲劳故障,单一部件典型故障引起的载荷波动极易造成其他部件继发性疲劳故障,使机械传动系统呈现多部件复合故障状态。针对齿轮箱传动系统中轴承和齿轮复合故障诊断问题,提出了基于多尺度...现代机械设备传动系统中轴承和齿轮容易发生局部疲劳故障,单一部件典型故障引起的载荷波动极易造成其他部件继发性疲劳故障,使机械传动系统呈现多部件复合故障状态。针对齿轮箱传动系统中轴承和齿轮复合故障诊断问题,提出了基于多尺度卷积核匹配复合正则化的卷积稀疏编码(multiscale compound regularized convolutional sparse coding,简称MCRCSC)分离诊断算法。首先,根据齿轮箱轴承和齿轮典型复合故障所呈现出的稀疏性与尺度特性进行了模型假设;其次,依据不同故障的信号尺度特性与分布特点提出了多尺度卷积核与复合正则化约束的概念,并建立了多成分卷积分离模型;最后,通过交替方向乘子(alternating direction method of multipliers,简称ADMM)优化架构将频域转化后的优化方程分解为子问题进行交替求解,对分离卷积重构后的故障信号进行谱分析得到对应典型故障频率分布。实际齿轮箱故障模拟实验表明,所提算法在随机噪声和谐波干扰下仍具有优良故障分离诊断能力。展开更多
基金Manuscript received February 13, 2016 accepted December 7, 2016. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （61362001, 61661031）, Jiangxi Province Innovation Projects for Postgraduate Funds （YC2016-S006）, the International Postdoctoral Exchange Fellowship Program, and Jiangxi Advanced Project for Post-Doctoral Research Fund （2014KY02）.
文摘Purpose: To detect small diagnostic signals such as lung nodules in chest radiographs, radiologists magnify a region-of-interest using linear interpolation methods. However, such methods tend to generate over-smoothed images with artifacts that can make interpretation difficult. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of super-resolution methods for improving the image quality of magnified chest radiographs. Materials and Methods: A total of 247 chest X-rays were sampled from the JSRT database, then divided into 93 training cases with non-nodules and 154 test cases with lung nodules. We first trained two types of super-resolution methods, sparse-coding super-resolution (ScSR) and super-resolution convolutional neural network (SRCNN). With the trained super-resolution methods, the high-resolution image was then reconstructed using the super-resolution methods from a low-resolution image that was down-sampled from the original test image. We compared the image quality of the super-resolution methods and the linear interpolations (nearest neighbor and bilinear interpolations). For quantitative evaluation, we measured two image quality metrics: peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM). For comparative evaluation of the super-resolution methods, we measured the computation time per image. Results: The PSNRs and SSIMs for the ScSR and the SRCNN schemes were significantly higher than those of the linear interpolation methods (p p p Conclusion: Super-resolution methods provide significantly better image quality than linear interpolation methods for magnified chest radiograph images. Of the two tested schemes, the SRCNN scheme processed the images fastest;thus, SRCNN could be clinically superior for processing radiographs in terms of both image quality and processing speed.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFB2003300)National Science and Technology Major Project,China(No.2017-IV-0008-0045)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51675262).
文摘Due to the strong background noise and the acquisition system noise,the useful characteristics are often difficult to be detected.To solve this problem,sparse coding captures a concise representation of the high-level features in the signal using the underlying structure of the signal.Recently,an Online Convolutional Sparse Coding(OCSC)denoising algorithm has been proposed.However,it does not consider the structural characteristics of the signal,the sparsity of each iteration is not enough.Therefore,a threshold shrinkage algorithm considering neighborhood sparsity is proposed,and a training strategy from loose to tight is developed to further improve the denoising performance of the algorithm,called Variable Threshold Neighborhood Online Convolution Sparse Coding(VTNOCSC).By embedding the structural sparse threshold shrinkage operator into the process of solving the sparse coefficient and gradually approaching the optimal noise separation point in the training,the signal denoising performance of the algorithm is greatly improved.VTNOCSC is used to process the actual bearing fault signal,the noise interference is successfully reduced and the interest features are more evident.Compared with other existing methods,VTNOCSC has better denoising performance.
文摘现代机械设备传动系统中轴承和齿轮容易发生局部疲劳故障,单一部件典型故障引起的载荷波动极易造成其他部件继发性疲劳故障,使机械传动系统呈现多部件复合故障状态。针对齿轮箱传动系统中轴承和齿轮复合故障诊断问题,提出了基于多尺度卷积核匹配复合正则化的卷积稀疏编码(multiscale compound regularized convolutional sparse coding,简称MCRCSC)分离诊断算法。首先,根据齿轮箱轴承和齿轮典型复合故障所呈现出的稀疏性与尺度特性进行了模型假设;其次,依据不同故障的信号尺度特性与分布特点提出了多尺度卷积核与复合正则化约束的概念,并建立了多成分卷积分离模型;最后,通过交替方向乘子(alternating direction method of multipliers,简称ADMM)优化架构将频域转化后的优化方程分解为子问题进行交替求解,对分离卷积重构后的故障信号进行谱分析得到对应典型故障频率分布。实际齿轮箱故障模拟实验表明,所提算法在随机噪声和谐波干扰下仍具有优良故障分离诊断能力。
