Clinical Study of Accelerated Rehabilitation Concept Combined with Tianji Robot-Assisted Surgery in Lumbar Degenerative Diseases

Objective: To compare the effectiveness and safety of two surgical methods for lumbar degenerative diseases;the combination of the concept of accelerated rehabilitation with the assistance of Tianji Robotics and the concept of accelerated rehabilitation combined with manual pedicle screw placement assisted by conventional C-arm fluoroscopy. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 70 patients who received the concept of accelerated rehabilitation combined with spinal surgery for lumbar degenerative diseases in Baise People’s Hospital from January 2022 to January 2024. Among them, 35 patients in the robot group received accelerated rehabilitation concept combined with robot-assisted surgery;In the conventional C-arm group, 35 patients received the accelerated rehabilitation concept combined with manual pedicle screw placement assisted by conventional C-arm fluoroscopy. VAS score (preoperative/postoperative), ODI score (preoperative/postoperative), intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative complications and the accuracy rate of screw placement were compared between the two groups. Result: There was no statistically significant difference in preoperative VAS scores between the robot group and the conventional C-arm group (6.45 ± 0.82 VS 6.63 ± 0.81, P = 0.6600). The postoperative VAS score of the robot group was better than that of the conventional C-arm group (1.69 ± 0.80 VS 2.45 ± 0.85, P = 0.0000*). There was no statistically significant difference in preoperative ODI scores between the robot group and the conventional C-arm group (32.11 ± 3.18 VS 31.66 ± 2.25, P = 0.4900). The postoperative ODI score of the robot group was better than that of the conventional C-arm group (22.68 ± 1.94 VS 24.57 ± 2.25, P = 0.0000*). The postoperative complications in the robot group were less than those in the conventional C-arm group (2.7778% VS 28.5724%, P = 0.0030*). The intraoperative bleeding in the robot group was lower than that in the conventional C-arm group (320.85 ± 276.28 VS 490.00 ± 395.34, P = 0.0420*). The postoperative hospital stay of the robot group was shorter than that of the conventional C-arm group (10.00 ± 9.32 VS 14.49 ± 7.55, P = 0.0300*). The screw placement inaccuracy score of the robot group was lower than that of the conventional C-arm group (0.17 ± 0.51 VS 1.45 ± 1.46, P = 0.0000*). Conclusion: The combination of the concept of accelerated rehabilitation and Tianji Orthopedic robot-assisted surgery is more effective and safer in posterior lumbar decompression and internal fixation surgery with a screw rod system, and is worthy of promotion and application.

Is Dynesys dynamic stabilization system superior to posterior lumbar fusion in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases?

Dynesys,a pedicle-based dynamic stabilization system,was introduced to overcome some undesirable complications of fusion procedures.Nevertheless,the theoretical advantages of Dynesys over fusion have not been clearly confirmed.The purpose of this editorial was to compare clinical and radiological outcomes of patients who underwent Dynesys system with those who underwent posterior lumbar fusion according to the existing literature and to see if the application of the Dynesys system is superior to the traditional lumbar fusion surgery.According to published clinical reports,the short-term effects of the Dynesys dynamic stabilization system are similar to that of traditional lumbar fusion surgery.Three comparative studies of Dynesys dynamic stabilization and fusion surgery with medium-term follow-up are encouraging.However,the results from four single-treatment-arm and small-sample studies of case series with long-term follow-up were not encouraging.In the present circumstances,it is not possible to conclude that the Dynesys dynamic stabilization system is superior to fusion surgery for lumbar degenerative diseases.

Potential contribution of pedicle screw design to loosening rate in patients with degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine:An observational study

BACKGROUND The majority of published data report the results of biomechanical tests of various design pedicle screw performance.The clinical relevance and relative contribution of screw design to instrumentation stability have been insufficiently studied.AIM To estimate the contribution of screw design to rate of pedicle screw loosening in patients with degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine.METHODS This study is a prospective evaluation of 175 patients with degenerative diseases and instability of the lumbar spine segments.Participants underwent spinal instrumentation employing pedicle screws with posterior only or transforaminal interbody fusion.Follow-up was for 18 mo.Patients with signs of pedicle screw loosening on computed tomography were registered;logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors that influenced the rate of loosening.RESULTS Parameters included in the analysis were screw geometry,type of thread,external and internal screw diameter and helical pitch,bone density in Hounsfield units,number of levels fused,instrumentation without anterior support,laminectomy,and unilateral and bilateral total facet joint resection.The rate of screw loosening decreased with the increment in outer diameter,decrease in core diameter and helical pitch.The rate of screw loosening correlated positively with the number of fused levels and decreasing bone density.Bilateral facet joint removal significantly favored pedicle screw loosening.The influence of other factors was insignificant.CONCLUSION Screw parameters had a significant impact on the loosening rate along with bone quality characteristics,the number of levels fused and the extensiveness of decompression.The significance of the influence of screw parameters was comparable to those of patient-and surgery-related factors.Pedicle screw loosening was influenced by helical pitch,inner and outer diameter,but screw geometry and thread type were insignificant factors.

Application of Finite Element Analysis in Biomechanical Research of Degenerative Diseases of Lumbar Spine

As the elderly population continues to grow, the number of patients with low back pain is gradually increasing. Among them, Lumbar Degenerative Diseases (LDD) is one of the major contributors to low back pain. Biomechanical in vivo studies of the lumbar spine are mainly performed by implants or imaging data to record the real-time changes of form and stress on the intervertebral disc during motion. However, the current developments are slow due to the technological and ethical limitations. In vitro experiments include animal experiments and cadaver experiments, which are difficult to operate or differ greatly from normal human structures, and the results still need to be verified repeatedly to test their accuracy. As for finite element method, it is relatively low cost and can repeat the experimental results. Therefore, we believe that finite element analysis plays an extremely important role in biomechanical research, especially in analyzing the relationship between different surgical models and the degeneration caused by different mechanics.

Unilateral pedicle screw fixation combined with lumbar interbody fusion for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases

Objective To explore the feasibility and efficiency of the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) and posterolateral fusion (PLF) procedures in which unilateral pedicle screw fixation was used.

Cortical bone trajectory screws in the treatment of lumbar degenerative disc disease in patients with osteoporosis

Lumbar degenerative disc disease(DDD)in the elderly population remains a global health problem,especially in patients with osteoporosis.Osteoporosis in the elderly can cause failure of internal fixation.Cortical bone trajectory(CBT)is an effective,safe and minimally invasive technique for the treatment of lumbar DDD in patients with osteoporosis.In this review,we analyzed the anatomy,biomechanics,and advantages of the CBT technique in lumbar DDD and revision surgery.Additionally,the clinical trials and case reports,indications,advancements and limitations of this technique were further discussed and reviewed.Finally,we concluded that the CBT technique can be a practical,effective and safe alternative to traditional pedicle screw fixation,especially in DDD patients with osteoporosis.

The Incidence and Association of Mental Depression with Symptomatic Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease and Treatment Outcome

Study Design: Prospective analytical study. Objectives: The aim was to determine the association between mental depression and symptomatic Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease (LDDD) in patients with no previous background of mental disorder. We also aimed at determining the incidence of mental depressions in patients with LDDD and the effects of the treatment on the mental depression. Methodology: One hundred and sixty patients with no prior history of mental or behavioral disorders who presented with low back pains arising from LDDD and met inclusion criteria were studied. The clinical findings and Depression Screening Test pro-forma were completed for each. The extracted information was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 24.0. The statistical significance was set at P Results: One hundred and fifty-three patients completed the study, with a male to female ratio of 1:1.5 and the mean age of the patients was 48.5 years. The marital status was 4.4% single, 86.9% married, 3.8% divorce/separate and 5% widow/widower. Their levels of education were: no formal education (10.00%), primary school level (8.10%), secondary level (27.50%) and Tertiary level (54.40%). Conclusions: This study showed the incidence of mental depression in 32% of the patients with LDDD. We also noted a statistically significant relationship between symptomatic LDDD and level of mental depression with significant improvement in the level of depression at 6th month after treatment. Hence, assessment of the patients’ mental health is important in the management of LDDD.

Cortical bone trajectory fixation in cemented vertebrae in lumbar degenerative disease:A case report

BACKGROUND Percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)has been widely used in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture(OVCF).Following surgery,the bone cement would be positioned permanently.However,in some cases of lumbar degenerative disease,the cemented vertebrae needs to be fixed after decompression and fusion procedure.It is difficult to implant traditional pedicle screws into the cemented vertebrae because of the bone cement filling.At present,the main treatment strategy is to skip the cemented vertebra and conduct a long segment fixation.This article presents a cortical bone trajectory(CBT)fixation technique for cemented vertebrae.CASE SUMMARY PVP involving the L3 and L4 was performed in an 82-year-old man due to OVCF.During the surgery,bone cement leakage occurred,resulting in compression of the root of the right L3 nerve.We performed a partial facetectomy to retrieve the leaked bone cement and to relieve the patient’s neurological symptoms.After 3 mo,the patient developed lumbar disc herniation in L3/4,potentially due to instability caused by the previous surgery.Therefore,it was necessary to perform intervertebral fusion and fixation.It was difficult to implant traditional trajectory pedicle screws in L3 and L4 because of the bone cement filling.Hence,we implanted CBT screws in the L3 and L4 vertebrae.As a result,the patient’s symptoms resolved and he reported satisfaction with the surgery at follow-up after 8 mo.CONCLUSION It is feasible to utilize CBT in cemented vertebrae for the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease.

Adjacent segment disease following Dynesys stabilization for lumbar disorders:A case series of mid-and long-term follow-ups

BACKGROUND Radiologic adjacent segment degeneration(ASDeg)can occur after spinal surgery.Adjacent segment disease(ASDis)is defined as the development of new clinical symptoms corresponding to radiographic changes adjacent to the level of previous spinal surgery.Greater pre-existing ASDeg is generally considered to result in more severe ASDis;nonetheless,whether the ASDeg status before index surgery influences the postoperative risk of revision surgery due to ASDis warrants investigation.AIM To identify possible risk factors for ASDis and verify the concept that greater preexisting ASDeg leads to more severe ASDis.METHODS Data from 212 patients who underwent posterior decompression with Dynesys stabilization from January 2006 to June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients who underwent surgery for ASDis were categorized as group A(n=13),whereas those who did not were classified as group B(n=199).Survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare the modified Pfirrmann grade,University of California-Los Angeles grade,body mass index,number of Dynesys-instrumented levels,and age.RESULTS The mean time of reoperation was 7.22(1.65–11.84)years in group A,and the mean follow-up period was 6.09(0.10–12.76)years in group B.No significant difference in reoperation risk was observed:Modified Pfirrmann grade 3 vs 4(P=0.53)or 4 vs 5(P=0.46)for the upper adjacent disc,University of California-Los Angeles grade 2 vs 3 for the upper adjacent segment(P=0.66),age of<60 vs>60 years(P=0.9),body mass index<25 vs>25 kg/m2(P=0.3),and sex(P=0.8).CONCLUSION Greater preexisting upper ASDeg was not associated with a higher rate of reoperation for ASDis after Dynesys surgery.Being overweight tended to increase reoperation risk after Dynesys surgery for ASDis.

新型棘突间撑开融合装置BacFuse修复腰椎退行性病的生物力学特征

背景:近年来,棘突间撑开融合装置BacFuse应用于腰椎退行性疾病的治疗并取得了良好的临床疗效,但目前其相关的生物力学特征暂无相关报道。目的:探索棘突间撑开融合装置BacFuse在腰椎退行性疾病中应用的生物力学特征。方法:构建山羊离体脊柱模型(L_(1)-L6),模拟手术分为4组,分别为对照组、BacFuse固定组(L_(3/4))、钉棒固定组(L_(3/4))及Topping-off组(L_(3/4)钉棒固定+L_(2/3)BacFuse固定)。搭建山羊腰椎手术模型力学测试系统,采用生物力学机器进行力学加载,模拟腰椎在前屈、后伸、侧屈及旋转时的运动模式(4 Nm的力矩),采用视觉追踪系统进行定位捕捉,并完成力学及光学校准,通过计算得出L_(2/3)、L_(3/4)、L_(4/5)节段的活动度。结果与结论:①相对于对照组,BacFuse组L_(3/4)固定节段在前屈、后伸、侧屈与旋转方向上活动度分别减少27.27%,70%,38.1%及23.08%(P<0.05);钉棒固定组L_(3/4)固定节段在前屈、后伸、侧屈与旋转方向上活动度分别减少72.73%,80%,71.43%及73.08%(P<0.05)。②相对于对照组,BacFuse组邻近节段L_(2/3)在后伸、侧屈及旋转方向上分别增加33.33%,25%及23.81%(P<0.05),前屈活动未见明显变化;钉棒固定组的邻近节段L_(2/3)在前屈、后伸、侧屈与旋转方向上的活动度分别增加50%,44.44%,50%及58.96%(P<0.05);③相对于对照组,BacFuse组邻近节段L_(4/5)在后伸、旋转方向上分别增加27.3%,17.39%(P<0.05),前屈、侧屈活动未见明显变化;钉棒固定组的邻近节段L_(4/5)在前屈、后伸、旋转方向上的活动度分别增加38.89%,22.73%及26.09%(P<0.05),侧屈活动未见明显变化;④与钉棒固定组相比,Topping-off组L_(2/3)椎间活动度在前屈、后伸、侧屈、旋转分别减少37.04%,73.08%,56.67%及38.46%(P<0.05);与钉棒固定组相比,Topping-off组L_(4/5)节段椎间活动度在前屈方向上减少20%(P<0.05),后伸、侧屈及旋转未见明显区别;⑤提示BacFuse能够显著减少置入节段的活动度,提供一定的稳定性;相对于钉棒固定,仍然保留有较多的活动度,可减少对邻近节段的影响,同时可用于钉棒固定的Topping-off技术,显著减少了邻近节段的活动度,降低邻近节段退变的风险。

Retrospective Case Series of Porous Titanium Cages in Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgery Assessing Subsidence, Fusion and Functional Outcomes

Purpose: Implant subsidence is a possible complication of spinal interbody fusion. We aim to evaluate porous titanium cages subsidence, fusion and functional outcomes in patients subjected to oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) with these novel devices. Methods: Our institutional review board approved a single-center experience which included 60 patients who underwent OLIF from June 2018 to June 2020 utilizing the porous titanium implants. Data was collected in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and written informed consent was obtained. Imaging studies including radiographs 1, 3, 6 and 12 months and computed tomography (CT) scan at 6 months obtained during routine postoperative follow-up visits, were studied for signs of implant subsidence, fusion and clinical parameters to determine the effectiveness of surgery such as Oswestry disability index (ODI). Results: Radiographic subsidence occurred in 1 out of 89 porous titanium interbody cages (1.1%). No subsidence was observed in the posterior screws and rods fixation group (N = 57). However, one case of subsidence occurred in the lateral plate fixation group (N = 3). The subsidence occurred in an osteoporotic elderly patient operated for adjacent segment disease, and she was later revised with posterior instrumentation using cemented screws and rods. She had an uneventful recovery. Fusion rates were evaluated under CT scan at 6 months with a rate of 88%. In terms of clinical outcomes, ODI decreased significantly from 20.3 preop to 10.7 postop with a P-value Conclusions: In our study, the subsidence rate was lower than previously reported in the literature. Also, we had good fusion rates at 6 months likely due to the porous titanium cages use. We had no subsidence in the posterior instrumented group and one case in the lateral fixation group with improved clinical outcomes.

椎旁肌脂肪浸润对单侧双通道内镜手术治疗腰椎退行性疾病的影响

目的探讨椎旁肌脂肪浸润程度在单侧双通道内镜手术治疗腰椎退行性疾病中的影响。方法选取2020年1月~2022年6月该科室行单侧双通道内镜手术治疗的腰椎椎间盘退变性疾病患者89例。根据腰椎椎旁肌的脂肪浸润程度分为三组:A组22例(正常),0%~10%脂肪浸润;B组36例(轻微),10%~50%脂肪浸润;C组31例(严重),>50%脂肪浸润。所有患者术后随访至少3个月,比较围手术期指标、手术前后VAS评分和ODI指数、术后并发症及临床疗效等。结果所有患者均顺利完成单侧双通道内镜手术并完成随访。在手术时间、住院时间、并发症发生率等指标方面,三组之间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。术后1个月、3个月的腰腿痛VAS评分、腰椎ODI指数方面,三组均较术前显著改善(P<0.05);但C组术后3 d的腰痛VAS评分显著高于A、B组(P<0.05),C组术后1个月的腰痛VAS评分、腰椎ODI指数均显著高于A、B组(P<0.05);术后3个月腰痛VAS评分、腰椎ODI指数方面,三组之间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。术后3个月Fischgrund标准结果显示,优39例,良39例,可11例,优良率为87.6%,三组之间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论椎旁肌脂肪浸润程度严重的腰椎退变患者行单侧双通道内镜下减压手术,其腰痛症状及腰椎功能恢复相对较慢,但对总体疗效并无显著影响。

内镜、微创和开放式经椎间孔椎体间融合术治疗腰椎退行性疾病的效果比较

目的比较经椎间孔内镜腰椎椎间融合术(Endo-LIF)、微创腰椎椎间融合术(MIS-TLIF)和开放腰椎椎间融合术(PLIF)治疗腰椎退行性疾病(LDD)的临床疗效和安全性。方法回顾性分析2013年1月至2023年1月在百色市人民医院因LDD接受经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术就诊的150例患者临床资料,按手术方式分为Endo-LIF组、MIS-TLIF组、PLIF组三组,每组各50例。比较患者手术时间、透视次数、术中失血量、住院时间、并发症以及术前和术后3个月的视觉模拟评分(VAS)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评分、椎间隙高度指数、病变节段活动度(ROM)。结果PLIF组的手术时间长于Endo-LIF组和MIS-TLIF组,术中透视次数少于Endo-LIF组和MIS-TLIF组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Endo-LIF组和MIS-TLIF组的手术时间、术中透视次数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。患者术中出血量Endo-LIF组少于MIS-TLIF组及PLIF组,MIS-TLIF组少于PLIF组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者术后卧床时间和住院时间Endo-LIF组短于MIS-TLIF组及PLIF组,MIS-TLIF组短于PLIF组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组患者满意度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Endo-LIF组满意度高于PLIF组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.017)。三组患者术后3个月VAS及ODI评分低于手术前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。三组患者并发症发生率、椎间隙高度指数、ROM比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论Endo-LIF、MIS-TLI、PLIF三种手术方法术后3个月的预后结果相似,PLIF术中透视次数最少,Endo-LIF创伤较小,在降低术中出血,缩短术后卧床时间和住院时间方面优势明显,术后恢复速度较快,适合临床推广。

椎间植骨面积对单节段腰椎后路减压椎间植骨融合效果的影响

目的:研究椎间植骨面积对单节段腰椎后路减压植骨融合效果的影响。方法:回顾性分析2020年1月至2022年12月行单节段腰椎后路减压椎弓根内固定+植骨融合术52例患者临床资料。通过电子计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT)对术后1周椎间植骨面积进行测量,依据测量结果中椎间植骨面积/平均终板面积进而得到植骨面积占比分为3组:椎间植骨面积不超过一侧椎弓根区域为A组17例,男9例,女8例,年龄(56.0±11.5)岁;椎间植骨面积超过一侧椎弓根但未达到对侧椎弓根为B组15例,男10例,女5例,年龄(52.0±14.0)岁;椎间植骨面积超过对侧椎弓根为C组20例,男12例,女8例,年龄(49.5±12.8)岁。术后3、6、12个月及末次随访均行X线及CT检查,记录每次随访时椎间融合Brantigan评分、疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)与Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)。结果:3组性别、年龄、手术节段比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术前VAS与ODI,3组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组患者获得随访,时间12~36个月。与术前比较,3组术后1周、末次随访时VAS、ODI均显著改善(P<0.05)。与术前比较,3组术后1周椎间隙高度均有所恢复;末次随访时,B、C两组椎间隙高度丢失量较少,两组椎间隙高度明显高于A组(P<0.05)。术后3、6个月,C组改良Brantigan评分明显高于A、B组(P<0.05);术后12个月,B、C组改良Brantigan评分明显高于A组(P<0.05);末次随访时,3组改良Brantigan评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3个月,C组植骨融合率明显高于A、B两组(P<0.05);术后6、12个月,B、C组植骨融合率明显高于A组(P<0.05);末次随访时,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:单节段后路腰椎减压椎间植骨融合手术可显著改善患有腰椎退行性相关疾病患者的临床症状,但随着植骨面积的占比增加,患者早期植骨融合率及融合评分均明显提高。

聚醚醚酮棒半刚性椎弓根钉内固定在腰椎非融合术中的应用

目的:探讨聚醚醚酮(polyetheretherketone,PEEK)棒半刚性椎弓根钉内固定系统在腰椎非融合手术中的疗效。方法:将2017年3月至2019年12月接受手术治疗的双节段腰椎退行性疾病74例患者按手术方式分为PEEK棒组和钛棒组。其中PEEK棒组34例,男13例,女21例,年龄51~79(62.4±6.8)岁;L1-L3节段1例,L2-L4节段7例,L3-L5节段20例,L4-S1节段6例。钛棒组40例,男17例,女23例,年龄52~81(65.2±7.3)岁;L1-L3节段3例,L2-L4节段11例,L3-L5节段19例,L4-S1节段7例。分别记录两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量;比较两组术前及术后3、12个月及末次随访时视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)和Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI);通过腰椎过伸过屈X线观察椎间活动度(range of motion,ROM)变化情况。结果:所有患者顺利完成手术,随访时间22~34(26.8±5.6)个月。PEEK棒组手术时间(142.2±44.7)min和术中出血量(166.5±67.4)ml,低于钛棒组的(160.7±57.3)min和(212.8±85.4)ml(P<0.05),两组术后引流量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。末次随访时,PEEK棒组和钛棒组患者腰痛VAS[(0.8±0.4)分vs(1.0±0.5)分]、腿痛VAS[(0.7±0.4)分vs(0.8±0.5)分]和ODI[(9.8±1.6)%vs(12.1±1.5)%],与术前[(5.8±1.1)分vs(6.0±1.1)分]、[(7.2±1.7)分vs(7.0±1.6)分]、[(68.5±8.9)%vs(66.3±8.2)%]比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组术后各时间点VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3个月,两组ODI比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);PEEK棒组和钛棒组术后12个月ODI[(15.5±2.1)%vs(18.4±2.4)%]及末次随访[(9.8±1.6)%vs(12.1±1.5)%]比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组腰椎整体活动度术后均有下降,术后12个月及末次随访时PEEK棒组腰椎整体活动度与同时期钛棒组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术后固定节段活动度均有下降,PEEK棒组固定节段活动度由术前(9.5±4.6)°降至末次随访时的(4.1±1.9)°,钛棒组固定节段活动度由术前(9.8±4.3)°降至末次随访时的(0.9±0.5)°,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术后上位椎间活动度均有增加,术后12个月及末次随访时,两组上位椎间活动度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访周期内两组均无螺钉松动断裂。结论:PEEK棒半刚性椎弓根钉内固定用于腰椎非融合手术,可保留固定节段部分活动度,近期临床疗效不劣于同期钛棒融合,是治疗腰椎退行性疾病的可行选择,长期疗效有待进一步随访观察。

战斗机飞行员腰椎退行性病变危险因素分析

目的探讨战斗机飞行员腰椎退行性病变的危险因素,提出针对性的预防及治疗方案。方法利用问卷调查方式结合脊柱影像学资料对相关飞行员进行评价,调查问卷内容包括一般资料、生活方式、飞行训练方式等暴露因素,脊柱影像学检查项目包括腰椎MRI和腰椎X线片。将存在腰椎退行性病变的飞行员纳入退变组,无腰椎退行性病变的飞行员纳入健康组,采用单因素分析和logistic回归模型进行腰椎退行性病变的危险因素筛选。结果纳入研究的战斗机飞行员腰椎退行性病变的整体患病率为45.8%(66/144)。战斗机飞行员发生腰椎退行性病变的危险因素分别为久坐(OR=2.714,95%CI 1.351~5.375,P=0.004)、缺乏腰背肌锻炼(OR=3.136,95%CI1.536~6.037,P=0.001)、飞行中静态姿势不适(OR=8.160,95%CI 3.152~21.120,P<0.001)、飞行中腰椎矢状位不正(OR=8.397,95%CI 3.367~20.942,P<0.001)、飞行中腰椎冠状位不正(OR=2.744,95%CI 1.102~6.831,P=0.030)。结论战斗机飞行员腰椎退行性病变患病率较高,飞行中持续的静态姿势不适和腰椎冠状位、矢状位失稳是腰椎退行性病变的重要诱因,减少久坐、加强腰背肌锻炼是避免腰椎退行性病变的重要方法。

单侧双通道内镜治疗多节段退变性腰椎疾病

[目的]探讨单侧双通道脊柱内镜技术(unilateral biportal endoscopy,UBE)治疗多节段退变性腰椎疾病(multilevel degenerative lumbar disease,MDLD)的安全性和临床疗效。[方法]回顾性分析2020年7月—2022年6月本科收治的29例MDLD患者的临床资料,均采用UBE技术治疗。评价临床及影像结果。[结果]29例患者均顺利完成手术,手术时间平均(178.6±26.5)min,术中透视次数平均(10.9±2.9)次。并发症方面,硬膜囊撕裂2例,短暂性下肢麻木2例,硬膜外血肿1例,均未引起严重不良后果。随访时间平均(19.3±6.3)个月,随术前、术后7 d、术后3个月至术后12个月的时间推移,VAS评分[(6.6±1.5),(3.2±0.5),(2.1±0.6),(1.7±0.5),P<0.001]、ODI评分[(58.6±11.2),(33.5±4.6),(22.8±3.8),(17.5±2.2),P<0.001]、JOA评分[(15.6±2.4),(19.6±2.0),(21.2±2.2),(24.7±2.5),P<0.001]均显著改善。术后12个月,按改良Mac Nab疗效评定标准,优良率86.2%。影像方面,与术前相比,术后12个月椎管面积显著增加[(58.3±9.6) mm^(2),(118.4±14.2) mm^(2),P<0.001]。术后各节段关节突关节面积保留率均超过60%。[结论]UBE技术治疗MDLD的临床效果满意,保留更多小关节突,有利于维持腰椎的稳定性,是一种安全有效的术式。

Delta大通道内镜辅助下后路椎管减压椎间植骨融合术治疗退变性腰椎疾病的临床疗效

目的:探讨Delta大通道内镜辅助下后路椎管减压椎间植骨融合术治疗退变性腰椎疾病的效果。方法:回顾性分析2021年9月~2022年9月我院收治的80例退变性腰椎疾病患者的病历资料,根据患者治疗方式分为观察组(38例,男17例,女21例,年龄61.0±4.9岁)和对照组(42例,男20例,女22例,年龄60.5±5.4岁),观察组患者采取Delta大通道内镜下Endo-PLIF治疗,对照组采取开放后路腰椎椎间融合术治疗,记录两组患者术中出血量、术后引流量、手术时间、手术切口长度、住院时间,比较患者并发症发生情况。于术前、术后1周、1个月、3个月、6个月使用视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分评估患者腰痛情况,并采用Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)评估患者腰椎功能;使用改良Macnab标准对患者进行疗效评估。根据患者术后1年随访时的腰椎影像学复查结果,使用Bridwell椎间融合标准对患者手术节段融合情况进行评估。结果:观察组患者的术中出血量及术后引流量分别低于对照组(88.46±10.98mL vs 112.99±12.01mL、159.73±18.42mL vs 201.36±23.06mL,P<0.05),手术切口及住院时间分别短于对照组(1.54±0.36cm vs 5.43±1.01cm、6.79±1.22d vs 8.03±1.43d,P<0.05),手术时间长于对照组(162.33±19.57min vs 126.87±23.15min,P<0.05)。80例患者术后均获随访,随访时间15~40个月(19.0±6.3个月)。观察组患者术后1周、术后1个月的VAS评分分别为2.46±0.51分、1.21±0.38分,ODI分别为(17.84±4.15)%、(10.69±1.88)%,均低于对照组[VAS评分分别为3.68±0.62分、2.01±0.41分,ODI分别为(21.33±3.48)%、(12.33±2.17)%,均P<0.05],两组患者术后3个月、术后6个月的VAS评分比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。观察组治疗优良率为92.11%,与对照组的85.71%比较无统计学意义(P=0.487)。两组患者融合分级比较,差异无统计学意义(Z=0.487,P=0.624)。观察组术后并发症发生率为5.26%,与对照组的9.52%比较无统计学差异(P=0.678)。结论:Delta大通道内镜辅助下后路椎管减压椎间植骨融合术治疗退变性腰椎疾病效果良好,可以减少术中出血量,缩短手术切口和住院时间,更快改善患者术后短期内疼痛、腰椎功能,安全性较好。

单侧双通道内镜与微创通道在腰椎椎体间融合术中的应用比较

目的比较单侧双通道内镜辅助下腰椎椎体间融合术(UBE-LIF)和微创通道辅助下经椎间孔入路腰椎椎体间融合术(MIS-TLIF)治疗腰椎退行性疾病的疗效。方法根据治疗方式不同将37例单节段腰椎退行性疾病患者分为UBE-LIF组(采用UBE-LIF治疗,16例)和MIS-TLIF组(采用MIS-TLIF治疗,21例)。比较两组手术情况、疼痛VAS评分及ODI,记录两组术后并发症发生情况。结果患者均获得随访,时间6~8个月。手术时间:UBE-LIF组长于MIS-TLIF组(P<0.05)。术中出血量、切口总长度、术后第2天引流量、术后住院时间:UBE-LIF组均少(短)于MIS-TLIF组(P<0.05)。腰、腿痛VAS评分:两组术后1 d、7 d、1个月、3个月、末次随访时均低于术前(P<0.05)。ODI:两组术后1个月、3个月、末次随访时均低于术前(P<0.05)。除术后1 d腰痛VAS评分、术后1个月ODI UBE-LIF组低于MIS-TLIF组(P<0.05)外,其余术后各时间点两组以上3项指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组均未发生硬膜撕裂、硬膜外血肿、切口感染、内固定物松动或断裂等并发症;MIS-TLIF组1例患者术后发生切口脂肪液化,经换药等治疗后愈合。结论MIS-TLIF和UBE-LIF治疗腰椎退行性疾病均可获得满意疗效,相较于MIS-TLIF,UBE-LIF具有术中出血量少、术后早期腰痛轻、早期功能恢复快等优点。

下腰椎椎体在不同负荷下屈伸运动特点的分析

目的探索不同负重状态下直立位腰椎L_(3)、L_(4)椎体屈伸运动过程中体运动轨迹,分析负重状态下腰椎在体运动的规律和特点。方法招募2018年8月至2020年8月10名无症状的青年志愿者,使用双荧光透视系统DFIS与CT相匹配技术,经平扫CT获取L_(3)~S_(1)的图像进行三维重建。于放射线透视不同负重下0、5、10 kg完成下腰椎的前屈到直立到后伸动作获得X线影像,通过轮廓重叠实现二维到三维图像的匹配,还原下腰椎椎体的三维运动轨迹。结果下腰椎在前屈到站立位时:不同负重下腰椎椎体0、5、10 kg的X轴的运动位移分别为-1.05(-2.42,1.72)、0.63(0.15,4.26)、-0.39(-0.75,3.12)mm。X轴运动位移比较5 kg>10 kg>0 kg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。γ角度分别为-0.26(-1.30,5.43)、0.93(0.24,5.42)、-0.95(-2.12,4.32)°。γ角度比较5 kg>0 kg>10 kg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。下腰椎在站立到后伸位时:不同负重下腰椎椎体0、5、10 kg X轴的运动位移分别为0.90(-0.82,3.74)、-0.91(-1.55,4.26)、0.07(-0.92,3.25)mm。Z轴的运动位移分别为-0.25(-0.54,1.78)、0.40(-0.68,2.37)、-0.19(-0.92,1.03)mm。X轴运动位移比较0 kg>10 kg>5 kg,Z轴运动位移比较5 kg>10 kg>0 kg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。α角度分别为0.91(-0.82,2.85)、-0.61(-0.14,3.79)、0.54(-0.82,3.87)°。γ角度分别为1.15(0.24,5.32)、0.92(-0.67,5.45)、0.65(-1.24,5.32)°。α角度比较0 kg>10 kg>5 kg,γ角度比较0 kg>5 kg>10 kg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论负重5 kg下腰椎椎体在体运动的位移和旋转角度和0 kg相比差异有统计学意义,可能与腰椎退行性疾病有一定关联。下腰椎退行性疾病可能与X轴位移的关系更为密切。