Hash Table Assisted Efficient File Level De-Duplication Scheme in SD-IoV Assisted Sensing Devices

The Internet of Things(IoT)and cloud technologies have encouraged massive data storage at central repositories.Software-defined networks(SDN)support the processing of data and restrict the transmission of duplicate values.It is necessary to use a data de-duplication mechanism to reduce communication costs and storage overhead.Existing State of the art schemes suffer from computational overhead due to deterministic or random tree-based tags generation which further increases as the file size grows.This paper presents an efficient file-level de-duplication scheme(EFDS)where the cost of creating tags is reduced by employing a hash table with key-value pair for each block of the file.Further,an algorithm for hash table-based duplicate block identification and storage(HDBIS)is presented based on fingerprints that maintain a linked list of similar duplicate blocks on the same index.Hash tables normally have a consistent time complexity for lookup,generating,and deleting stored data regardless of the input size.The experiential results show that the proposed EFDS scheme performs better compared to its counterparts.

Study of Non-Ideal Effects for Extended Gate Field Effect Transistor Chlorine Ion Sensing Device

We use the extended gate field effect transistor (EGFET)as the structure of the chlorine ion sensor,and the chlorine ion ionophores (ETH9033 and TDDMAC1)are incorporated into solvent polymeric membrane (PVC/DOS),then the chlorine ion selective membrane is formed on the sensing window,and the fabrication of the EGFET chlorine ion sensing device is completed.The surface potential on the sensing membrane of the EGFET chlorine ion sensing device will be changed in the different chlorine ion concentration solutions,then changes further gate voltage and drain current to detect chlorine ion concentration.We will study non-ideal effects such as temperature,hysteresis and drift effects for the EGFET chlorine ion sensing device in this paper,these researches will help us to improve the sensing characteristics of the EGFET chlorine ion sensing device.

Research and test of the measurement sensing device for the downforce of no-till planter row unit gauge wheels

To effectively obtain the downforce of the gauge wheels in real time,mechanical models of the interaction among the ground,gauge wheels,gauge wheel arms,and depth adjustment lever were constructed.A measuring method was proposed for monitoring the downforce through a two-dimensional radial sensing device,and a corresponding prototype was designed.Through simulation analysis of the sensing device with ANSYS,a 45°angle was determined to exist between the strain gauge axis and the sensing device axis,and the Wheatstone bridging circuit of R1+R3−R5−R7(R stands for resistance strain gauge,different figures represent the strain gauge number)and R2+R4−R6−R8 was adopted.According to performance and calibration tests for the sensing device,the maximum interaction effect between the X and Y axes was 2.52%,and the output signal was stable and consistent.The standard error of the slope of the fitting equation of the downforce calculation model is 0.008.According to the field test,the average downforce of the gauge wheels was 1148,1017,843,and 713 N,at different sowing speeds of 6,8,10,and 12 km/h,respectively.The coefficients of variation were 0.40,0.41,0.62,and 0.71,respectively.The results indicate that the downforce fluctuation of the gauge wheels became more severe with increasing planting speed.Both the strain simulation analysis and field test verified that the measurement method is accurate and reliable,the performance of the sensing device is stable,the measurement method and sensing device meet the application requirements and lay a foundation for the research of accurate and stable control of downforce of no-till planter.

Black phosphorus-based field effect transistor devices for Ag ions detection

Black phosphorus （BP）, an attractive two-dimensional （2D） semiconductor, is widely used in the fields of optoelec- tronic devices, biomedicine, and chemical sensing. Silver ion （Ag＋）, a commonly used additive in food industry, can sterilize and keep food fresh. But excessive intake of Ag＋ will harm human health. Therefore, high sensitive, fast and simple Ag＋ detection method is significant. Here, a high-performance BP field effect transistor （FET） sensor is fabricated for Ag＋ detection with high sensitivity, rapid detection speed, and wide detection concentration range. The detection limit for Ag＋ is 10 l0 mol/L. Testing time for each sample by this method is 60 s. Besides, the mechanism of BP-FET sensor for Ag＋ detection is investigated systematically. The simple BP-FET sensor may inspire some relevant research and potential applications, such as providing an effective method for the actual detection of Ag＋, especially in wimessed inspections field of food.

Sensing as the key to the safety and sustainability of new energy storage devices

New energy storage devices such as batteries and supercapacitors are widely used in various fields because of their irreplaceable excellent characteristics.Because there are relatively few monitoring parameters and limited under-standing of their operation,they present problems in accurately predicting their state and controlling operation,such as state of charge,state of health,and early failure indicators.Poor monitoring can seriously affect the performance of energy storage devices.Therefore,to maximize the efficiency of new energy storage devices without damaging the equipment,it is important to make full use of sensing systems to accurately monitor important parameters such as voltage,current,temperature,and strain.These are highly related to their states.Hence,this paper reviews the sensing methods and divides them into two categories:embedded and non-embedded sensors.A variety of measurement methods used to measure the above parameters of various new energy storage devices such as batteries and super-capacitors are systematically summarized.The methods with different innovative points are listed,their advantages and disadvantages are summarized,and the application of optical fiber sensors is emphasized.Finally,the challenges and prospects for these studies are described.The intent is to encourage researchers in relevant fields to study the early warning of safety accidents from the root causes.

基于通信数据算法的智能采摘机通信系统设计

以苹果采摘机工作过程中的质量监测和采摘量统计为研究对象,通过传感装置和显示终端对苹果采摘过程进行监测,并利用单片机计数程序对采摘频率、采摘间隔序列及采摘准确数等数据进行统计,经通信系统传输至监测显示终端,通信系统采用应答模式数据通信协议实现了可靠准确的数据传输。试验结果表明:利用通信数据算法建立的苹果采摘机通信系统在进行采摘过程监测时,准确率可达到90%,信息数据传输过程可靠稳定。

面向电力装备自供电传感的微纳能源收集技术

数智化电网的建设依赖于海量分布式电力装备状态监测传感器,提升传感器的供电可靠性进而实现自供电感知,对拓展设备状态感知系统的深度和广度具有重要意义。近年来,以纳米发电机为代表的微纳能源收集方法与器件被广泛关注,其能够将多元、分散的机械能、热能、电磁能等转化为电能,搭配微能量存储元件与低功耗微纳传感器实现自供电传感。该文围绕面向电力装备自供电传感的微纳能源收集方法这一主题,首先介绍了电力装备及其运行环境微能量的分布特性;其次,总结了以热电纳米发电机、摩擦纳米发电机、压电纳米发电机、磁场能收集发电机、水伏发电机为代表的微纳能源收集方法原理及特点,分析了其在电力装备场景下的适用性,同时综述了基于微纳能源器件的电力装备微能量收集与自供电传感最新研究进展,并提出了本领域目前发展面临的主要技术难点和潜在解决方案。最后,展望了微纳能源收集方法及器件的发展趋势,有望为电力装备自供电状态监测和数智化发展提供参考与指导。

智能康复锻炼器改善乳腺癌术后患者自我效能感及患肢功能的观察

目的探讨应用智能康复锻炼器在提升乳腺癌患者术后自我效能感、促进术后患肢功能恢复中的作用及改善术后上肢水肿的效果。方法选取2022年1月至2023年4月在嘉兴市中医医院行乳腺癌根治术+腋窝淋巴结清扫术的患者60例,根据随机数字表法将患者分为对照组(30例)和试验组(30例),对照组患者采用传统方法进行术后上肢功能锻炼,试验组患者采用智能康复锻炼器进行功能锻炼,比较两组患者术后3个月的自我效能感、功能锻炼依从性及术后1个月、3个月的肩关节活动度和上肢水肿发生率。结果术后3个月试验组患者的自我效能感、功能锻炼依从性均高于对照组(P<0.05);术后1个月和3个月试验组患者的肩关节活动度比较优于对照组(P<0.05);术后1个月试验组患者的上肢水肿发生率低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后3个月试验组患者的上肢水肿发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论智能康复锻炼器可提升乳腺癌术后患者的自我效能感,提高功能锻炼依从性,促进患肢的功能恢复,防治术后上肢水肿,值得临床推广。

柔性电容传感在可穿戴健康监测中的应用

与传统刚性电子技术不同,柔性电子在柔性、可延展衬底上制备有源层,具有高柔韧性和一致性,适合于可穿戴健康监测应用。柔性电容传感具有低功耗、高灵敏度等优点,在可穿戴电子应用具有潜力。文章分析了柔性电子器件的结构、制备技术,以及柔性电容传感器的工作机理、测量电路。探讨了柔性电容传感在生理特征信号检测、基于微流体系统的原位汗液成分测量中的应用。结果表明,柔性电容传感不仅能用于生命体征信号、个体运动的物理感知,也可用于分子级的更精准健康监测。

基于动态阈值分割法的接触轨图像关键特征点提取方法研究

在地铁系统中,接触轨的状态对于牵引供电系统的安全性至关重要,一旦接触轨几何参数超出正常范围,不仅会导致集电靴无法正常取流,进而影响运营车辆的顺畅运行,而且在极端情况下,还可能引发严重的安全事故。传统的接触轨几何参数测量方法在采集图像时通常面临背景复杂、干扰图像多等问题,以致检测数据量少、检测密度低,从而难以精确提取接触轨的关键特征信息。针对这一问题,文章提出一种新的方法,即结合动态阈值分割法、直线拟合以及投影计算的方式,有效解决接触轨特征点提取的难点,实现几何参数的精确测量。该方法不仅能够准确捕捉到接触轨的细微变化,还能够确保测量结果的可靠性和准确性。为进一步提高测量的便捷性和实用性,研究过程中同步研制出一套接触轨几何参数的便携式测量装置,并在地铁线路上进行现场应用示范,为实际运营中的接触轨状态监测提供有力的技术支持。

多功能热电织物用于可穿戴无线传感系统

Flexible thermoelectric materials play an important role in smart wearables,such as wearable power generation,self-powered sensing,and personal thermal management.However,with the rapid development of Internet of Things(IoT)and artificial intelligence(AI),higher standards for comfort,multifunctionality,and sustainable operation of wearable electronics have been proposed,and it remains challenging to meet all the requirements of currently reported thermoelectric devices.Herein,we present a multifunctional,wearable,and wireless sensing system based on a thermoelectric knitted fabric with over 600 mm·s^(-1)air permeability and a stretchability of 120%.The device coupled with a wireless transmission system realizes self-powered monitoring of human respiration through an mobile phone application(APP).Furthermore,an integrated thermoelectric system was designed to combine photothermal conversion and passive radiative cooling,enabling the characteristics of being powered by solar-driven in-plane temperature differences and monitoring outdoor sunlight intensity through the APP.Additionally,we decoupled the complex signals of resistance and thermal voltage during deformation under solar irradiation based on the anisotropy of the knitted fabrics to enable the device to monitor and optimize the outdoor physical activity of the athlete via the APP.This novel thermoelectric fabricbased wearable and wireless sensing platform has promising applications in next-generation smart textiles.

3D打印球冠式摩擦电自供能压缩传感结构及应用

针对柔性可穿戴器件对压缩应变传感的需求,利用摩擦纳米发电机摩擦生电的原理,设计可监测压缩应变的球冠式自供能压缩传感结构,以尼龙布和硅胶为正负摩擦材料,基于硬度差异化硅胶材料设计策略,实现球冠摩擦接触面积的压缩可变性,并阐释其自供能压缩传感的原理;配制3种硅胶打印墨水,采用自主研发的多喷头硅胶直写3维(3D)打印工艺与设备,制造相应的自供能压缩应变传感结构;借助冷场发射扫描电子显微镜对摩擦球冠的横截面形貌进行表征,分析不同硬度硅胶间的界面黏结性能;搭建可实现往复运动的压缩实验装置,通过实验研究球冠尺寸参数和压缩应变对传感输出电性能的影响规律。实验结果表明:3D打印球冠式摩擦电自供能压缩传感结构的最大压缩应变输出电信号随支撑球冠高度的增大而增大;开路电压、电荷转移量和短路电流均与压缩应变呈正相关,当压缩应变由7%增至35%时,开路电压峰值由5.3V增至22.2V,且具有良好的循环耐久稳定性。最后,以该球冠式自供能压缩应变传感结构为基础,设计一款自供能传感鞋垫,并探索其在步态监测和足底压力分布监测方面的传感性能,获得了良好的应用效果。研究内容为可穿戴柔性摩擦电式自供能压缩应变传感结构的一体化设计制造提供新思路与新工艺。

面向可穿戴生理传感应用的氧化锌纳米棒阵列修饰蚕丝

蚕丝是天然蛋白质纤维,具有光滑、亲肤、机械强度高等优点,作为纺织纤维在我国已有数千年的使用历史。随着智能时代的到来,织物电子研究逐渐兴起,但是蚕丝纤维在智能可穿戴应用领域的研究还非常有限。该文提出了一种在单根蚕丝纤维表面原位修饰氧化锌(ZnO)纳米棒阵列的低成本方法,成功制备了基于单根蚕丝纤维的ZnO纳米棒阵列。研究表明,ZnO纳米棒致密且均匀地垂直排列于蚕丝表面,其直径为100~200 nm,长度约为2μm,其晶型为六方纤锌矿结构。结合ZnO纳米棒的压电性质,构建了基于ZnO纳米棒阵列修饰单根蚕丝的压电传感器。该传感器可有效地将机械能转换为电能,可对手指的敲击、按压、弯曲动作实时响应,将其固定于腹部或体表心脏部位可对人体呼吸、心跳等生理数据进行监测。此外,该传感器还可分辨木琴敲击过程中音调和音阶的变化。该文所构建的蚕丝基压电传感器在人体动作、生理参数实时监测方面展示了极大潜力,有望拓展蚕丝在可穿戴织物器件和智能传感领域的实际应用。

面向无人机的可穿戴手势识别综述

无人机实现通用化的关键之一是开发一种自然、直观的交互方式。手势作为日常生活中最普遍的交流方式之一,成为研究无人机人机交互的重点。本综述聚焦于穿戴式手势传感与识别方法,分析了肌电、应力应变、运动、超声和光电传感等主要手势数据的采集方式,并提出了动态和静态手势的数据处理与识别算法。此外,本综述还探讨了手势识别技术在无人机实时避障、路径规划与轨迹跟踪方面的应用。最后,总结了当前手势识别技术面临的普适性、鲁棒性和实时性等关键问题,并讨论了未来可穿戴手势识别技术的发展方向。通过与生物传感技术、边缘计算、云计算、强化学习、自适应学习以及多模态数据融合等技术的紧密结合,推动手势识别技术朝着更高精度、更自然的交互方式和更广泛的应用领域发展。

桌面型智能产线实验装置的设计与研制

针对“传感与检测”课程中实验教学的需求,研制了一款桌面型智能产线实验装置,该装置模拟了一条小型生产线,各检测单元传感器安装于装置主体指定位置,结合设计的控制系统及检测算法,将各类典型传感器融入到各个检测环节,能够实现对模拟工件的宽度、高度、颜色、重量以及自带字符等特征信息的检测和显示。同时,该装置能够进行手动实验和自动实验模式,结合设计的实验内容,不仅可以用于以传感器为主线的传感与检测实验教学,还可以用于以PLC为主线的控制系统实验和以系统设计为主线的综合创新实验等教学,是一款具有典型性、多样性、趣味性且具有较高普适性的桌面型实验装置。

可区分应力集中和缺陷的双线圈共磁芯式梯度测磁传感装置设计

针对复杂构件特殊位置熔焊缝无法全覆盖检测的工程问题,基于磁检测技术,设计了一种双线圈共磁芯式梯度测磁传感装置。以S06马氏体不锈钢加工的熔焊缝试块为实验对象,通过对比不同提离高度下焊接缺陷和应力集中处的磁信号检测结果,以及对传感装置的性能测试,确定装置参数。结果表明,在应力集中和焊接缺陷处,磁感应强度均随着传感器提离值的增大而减小,且在一定的提离高度下,缺陷磁异常特征消失,而应力集中处磁异常信号仍然存在,可据此来区分应力集中和焊接缺陷。射线检测结果验证了所设计传感装置在焊缝缺陷检测上的可行性与有效性。对于材料磁性和焊接工艺相似的熔焊缝构件,可采取同样的试验方法标定装置参数,以扩大所设计装置的适用性。

基于相位偏移的压缩感知无源多目标定位方法

无源定位作为一种新兴的定位技术,是安防监控、入侵检测和接触跟踪等被动传感领域的研究热点。其通过分析无源目标对无线链路的阴影效应来定位目标。相位是无线信号的一个重要特性,比信号强度更具细粒度。为提升定位性能,利用无线链路相位信息,提出基于相位偏移的压缩感知无源多目标定位方法。该方法将接收信号相位偏移值作为观测数据,结合变分贝叶斯推理,恢复目标位置稀疏向量。仿真实验结果表明,在6.5 m×6.5 m的监测区域中,基于接收信号强度的定位方法平均定位误差为0.579 0 m,而该方法的平均定位误差为0.254 7 m,定位精度提升超过1倍,且该方法具有较强的鲁棒性。

金纳米粒子一维自组装技术与应用研究进展

综述了近年来纳米材料研究的重要内容——金纳米粒子一维自组装结构的构建与应用相关研究进展:介绍了基于纳米粒子相互作用的溶液自组装以及外场诱导自组装等构建策略;总结了金纳米一维自组装材料在比色传感、拉曼增强、电子器件和生物医学等方面的应用;对金纳米一维自组装材料未来的发展进行了展望。

Integrated separation-electrochemical detection device based on wood column for online identification of enantiomer

Chiral chemicals have attracted significant interest in the pharmaceutical industry,yet the separation methods to get pure enantiomers from racemic mixture are still challenging.To date,the separation of enantiomers still mainly depends on chromatography using high-cost chiral stationary phases.Herein,wood channels were used as the handheld integrated device,and enantiomer separation was simultaneously detected using an electrochemical detector.In this method,a chiral UIO-66(L-UIO-66)modified enantiomer separation zone and carbonized wood based online detection zone are integrated along a single wood column.Based on the in situ separation results from the chronoamperometry data,the wood device shows excellent separation ability for a wide range of electrochemically active enantiomers,including 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine,amino acids,ascorbic acid,carnitine,and penicillamine with high chirality purity.The unbiased molecular dynamic simulations indicate that the excellent chiral recognition and separation are attributed to the different barriers from the bound states to the dissociated state of the enantiomers in the homochiral microenvironment of the framework.This integrated enantiomer separation-electrochemical detection device provides a novel,easy,and low-cost platform for the separation of pure enantiomer from racemic mixture.

Multistage Microstructured Ionic Skin for Real-Time Vital Signs Monitoring and Human-Machine Interaction

Skin-like electronics research aiming to mimic even surpass human-like specific tactile cognition by operating perception-to-cognition-to-feedback of stimulus to build intelligent cognition systems for certain imperceptible or inappreciable signals was so attractive.Herein,we constructed an all-in-one tri-modal pressure sensing wearable device to address the issue of power supply by integrating multistage microstructured ionic skin(MM i-skin)and thermoelectric self-power staffs,which exhibits high sensitivity simultaneously.The MM i-skin with multi-stage“interlocked”configurations achieved precise recognition of subtle signals,where the sensitivity reached up to 3.95 kPa^(−1),as well as response time of 46 ms,cyclic stability(over 1500 cycles),a wide detection range of 0–200 kPa.Furthermore,we developed the thermoelectricity nanogenerator,piezoelectricity nanogenerator,and piezocapacitive sensing as an integrated tri-modal pressure sensing,denoted as P-iskin,T-iskin,and C-iskin,respectively.This multifunctional ionic skin enables real-time monitoring of weak body signals,rehab guidance,and robotic motion recognition,demonstrating potential for Internet of things(IoT)applications involving the artificial intelligence-motivated sapiential healthcare Internet(SHI)and widely distributed human-machine interaction(HMI).