Multi-slice spiral CT angiography in evaluating donors of living-related liver transplantation

BACKGROUND: During the past years, the number of liver transplantation has increased greatly, but the number of available organs has not increased. In view of the critical shortage of organs, the indications for living-related liver transplantation (LRLT) have broadened since experience with the procedure has been achieved. This study was undertaken to assess the value of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) angiography in evaluating the hepatic arterial and veinous anatomy of potential donors for LRLT. METHODS: MSCT was performed after intravenous injection of contrast material at 3 ml/s. The total dose was calculated as 2 ml/kg. Twenty LRLT donors (2 men and 18 women) were subjected to MSCT angiography of hepatic blood vessels. These were generated by volume rendering and maximum intensity projection, while curved planar reformation was added in 5 patients. RESULTS: We identified 10 important hepatic vascular variants in 9 of the 20 donors (4 arterial, 4 venous, and 2 portal venous variants). In hepatic arterial variants, two had a replaced right hepatic artery arising from the superior mesenteric artery, an accessory right hepatic artery from the superior mesenteric artery and a replaced left hepatic artery arising from the left gastric artery. In hepatic venous variants, three had an accessory inferior right hepatic vein and one had two accessory inferior right hepatic veins. In hepatic portal venous variants, two had trifurcation of the main portal vein. CONCLUSIONS: As a non-invasive and reliable method, MSCT angiography is of value in the clinical evaluation of LRLT donors. MSCT angiography should be recommended as a routine preoperative examination for potential LRLT donors.

Study on the combined value of multi-slice spiral CT in the diagnosis of elderly colorectal cancer colorectal cancer tumor markers

Objective:To investigate the value of tumor markers in colorectal cancer with multi-slice spiral CT in the diagnosis of elderly colorectal cancer.Methods:From January 2016 to September 2017 year period, 73 elderly patients with colorectal cancer treated in our hospital were selected as observation group;64 elderly patients with intestinal benign lesions were selected as control group during the same period. Serum samples were collected to detect contents of CEA, CA72-4, CA19-9 and CYFRA21-1 by Roche luminous immunoassay analyzer, and multi slice spiral CT was used.Results:Serum levels of CEA, CA72-4, CA19-9 and CYFRA21-1 levels of the observation group were significantly higher than that of the control group;the positive rate of CEA, CA72-4, CA19-9, CYFRA21-1 and their combined detection were all significantly higher than that of the control group;positive rate of MSCT in the observation group was higher than the control group;positive rates of tumor markers combining with MSCT examination of colorectal cancer were higher than that of combined detection of tumor markers and MSCT examination;but there was no significant difference in positive rate of combined detection of tumor markers and the positive rate of MSCT detection of colorectal cancer.Conclusion:Colorectal cancer tumor markers combined with multi-slice spiral CT in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer in elderly has important research value, can significantly improve the positive rate of diagnosis.

Value of Multi-slice Spiral CT in the Diagnosis and Resectability of Pancreatic Cancer

Objective:To analyze the value of multislice spiral CT in the diagnosis and resectability of pancreatic cancer.Method:56 patients with pancreatic cancer treated in our hospital from January 2018 to October 2019 were selected as the research subjects.All patients underwent multi-phase scanning by multislice spiral CT.According to the results of the images,observe whether the pancreatic cancer has affected the blood vessels surrounding the pancreas,evaluate the resectability based on the results of the examination,and analyze the final results of the operation which was taken as the standard.Results:all the 56 cases presented slightly low density or equal density,and 28 cases had complete outline.Multi-slice spiral assessment of patients’vascular invasion types found that 192 branches can be resected with 70 branches cannot;Multi-slice spiral assessment of the main arterial and venous invasion grades around the pancreas of the patients found that 212 branches can be resected with 50 branches cannot;Multi-slice spiral CT was used to evaluate the resectability of pancreatic cancer compared with surgical results.The accuracy of resectable types of vascular invasion was 72.52%;the accuracy of resectable vascular invasion grades was 79.39%.Conclusion:the application of multi-slice spiral CT in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer can provide a clear understanding of the condition of vascular invasion and distant metastasis,and the accuracy of assessing resection can reach more than 70.00%,which provides a reference for clinical application.

Comparison of the Imaging Manifestations and Diagnostic Values of Multi-slice Spiral CT and Enhanced MRI Scans of Primary Liver Cancer(PLC)Intrahepatic Lesions

Objective:To compare and analyze the clinical diagnostic value of multi-slice spiral CT and enhanced MRI for primary liver cancer(PLC),and to summarize the imaging findings.Methods:The research subjects in this article were 50 patients with PLC who were admitted to our hospital from 2017 April to 2018 September.After the patients were admitted,they were examined by multi-slice spiral CT and enhanced MRI scanning,and the pathological diagnosis results were followed up.Relevant information was reviewed and analyzed.Results:The detection rate of multi-slice spiral CT was higher than that of MRI in the portal venous phase lesion detection.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The detection rate of lesions in the arterial phase and delayed phase was not statistically significant(P>0.05);the diagnostic accuracy of multi-slice spiral CT was 85.96%,and the diagnostic accuracy of enhanced MRI scanning was 91.11%,which was not statistically significant(P>0.05).MRI scans showed the capsules of primary liver cancer better than CT,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:In conclusion,both multi-slice spiral CT and enhanced MRI can be used for the effective diagnosis of primary liver cancer intrahepatic lesions.The diagnostic value of the two is equivalent,but enhanced MRI has a slightly higher diagnostic accuracy and can be used as the preferred method.

Using receiver operating characteristic curves to evaluate the diagnostic value of the combination of multislice spiral CT and alpha-fetoprotein levels for small hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients

BACKGROUND： The various combination of multiphase enhancement multislice spiral CT （MSCT） makes the diagno- sis of a small hepatocellular carcinoma （sHCC） on the back- ground of liver cirrhosis possible. This study was to explore whether the combination of MSCT enhancement scan and alpha-fetoprotein （AFP） level ficiency for sHCC. could increase the diagnostic ef- METHODS： This study included 35 sHCC patients and 52 cir- rhotic patients without image evidence of HCC as a control group. The diagnoses were made by three radiologists em- ploying a 5-point rating scale, with postoperative pathologic results as the gold standard. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diag- nostic value of the three MSCT combination modes （arterial phase＋portal-venous phase, arterial phase＋delayed phase, arterial phase＋portal-venous phase＋delayed phase） and AFP levels for sHCC on the background of liver cirrhosis. RESULTS： The area under ROC curve （AUC）, sensitivity, and specificity of the combination of arterial phase＋portal- venous phase＋delayed phase were 0.93, 93%, and 82%, respectively. The average AUC of the arterial phase＋portal- venous phase＋delayed phase combination was significantly greater than that of the arterial phase＋portal-venous phase （AUC=0.84, P=0.01） and arterial phase＋delayed phase （AUC=0.85, P=0.03）. Arterial phase＋portal-venous phase had a smaller AUC （0.84） than arterial phase＋delayed phase （0.85）, but the difference was insignificant （P=0.15）. After combining MSCT enhancement scan with AFP, the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.95, 94%, and 83%, respectively, indicating a greatly increased diagnostic efficiency for sHCC. CONCLUSIONS： The combination of AFP and 3 phases MSCT enhancement scan could increase the diagnostic efficiency for sHCC on the background of liver cirrhosis. The application of ROC curve analysis has provided a new method and reference in HCC diagnosis.

多层螺旋CT直、结肠充气成像及多种重建技术直、结肠癌的诊断价值

目的：评价多层螺旋CT（MSCT）直、结肠充气成像及多种重建技术对直、结肠癌的诊断价值。材料和方法：对206例临床可疑直、结肠癌患者经肛管注入气体1000～1500ml后，行全腹快速容积扫描。扫描条件：电压120kV，电流100mA，螺距1．5，准直器宽度0．75mm，层厚1mm，横轴位数据传送至同机Volume Wizard工作站分别行MPR、SSD、Ray-sum、MIP及CTVE成像。结果：手术病理证实直、结肠癌192例，MSCT诊断189例，MSCT对直、结肠癌诊断的敏感度性、特异性及准确性分别为98．4％、92．8％及98．1％，对肿瘤的大体分型符合率为98．4％，MSCT定性诊断结、直肠癌的能力高于与超声、肠镜、癌胚抗原测定三种检查方法。结论：多层螺旋CT直、结肠充气成像及多种重建技术对直、结肠癌的诊断有较高的准确性，为外科手术方案提供重要的依据。

螺旋CT多种显示方法对结直肠肿瘤诊断价值的对比研究

目的对比研究16层螺旋CT结肠成像的多种显示方法在结直肠肿瘤诊断中的价值。方法对42例结直肠肿瘤病例作16层螺旋CT扫描,将原始横断面图像以及在工作站经后处理技术获得的多平面重建(multiplanar reform ation,MPR)、表面遮盖显示(shaded surface display,SSD)、透明显示(Raysum)、CT仿真结肠镜(CT virtual colonoscopy,CTVC)、管壁显示(Wall View)和全景平铺显示(virtual dissection,VD)图像,按病变长度、累及肠壁周径和分型3方面进行分析比较。病变均经结肠镜和/或手术病理结果证实。结果对病变长度的显示,Wall View、SSD和Raysum的符合率(分别为97.6%、95.2%、95.2%)都高于CTVC(78.6%)和横断面(73.8%);对病变累及肠壁周径的显示,VD的符合率(100%)高于CTVC、SSD、Raysum和横断面(分别为85.7%、80.9%、80.9%、78.6%);对病变分型的显示,CTVC的符合率(90.5%)高于SSD、Raysum和VD(分别为71.4%、71.4%、61.9%);Wall View的符合率(88.1%)高于VD(61.9%)。结论CT结肠成像的7种不同显示方法对结直肠肿瘤的诊断各有优劣,合理的选择成像方法并联合运用能提高诊断的准确性。

640层螺旋CT对结肠癌检出价值的研究

目的探讨CT结肠成像术(CTC)对结肠癌的诊断及临床应用价值。方法将20例结肠癌患者的CTC图像汇总处理:多平面重建(multiplanar reformation,MPR)、表面遮盖显示(shaded surface display,SSD)、透明显示(Raysum)、CT仿真结肠镜(CT virtual colonoscopy,CTVC),然后与手术病理结果进行对比分析。结果与病理结果相比,CTC图像肠周侵犯程度符合率:MPR(100%)>CTVC(75%)>4D-RaySum(70%)>3D-SSD(65%);癌肿长度符合率:4D-RaySum(100%)>3D-SSD(85%)>MPR(70%)>CTVC(65%)。两者诊断结果差异不显著。结论CTC可以作为常规结肠镜筛检结肠癌的一种补充或替代手段。

Use of various CT imaging methods for diagnosis of acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease

Thirty-four patients with cerebral infarction and 18 patients with transient ischemic attack were examined by multi-slice spiral CT scan, CT perfusion imaging, and CT angiography within 6 hours after onset. By CT perfusion imaging, 29 cases in the cerebral infarction group and 10 cases in the transient ischemic attack group presented with abnormal blood flow perfusion, which corresponded to the clinical symptoms. By CT angiography, various degrees of vascular stenosis could be detected in 41 patients, including 33 in the cerebral infarction group and eight in the transient ischemic attack group. The incidence of intracranial artery stenosis was higher than that of extracranial artery stenosis. The intracranial artery stenosis was located predominantly in the middle cerebral artery and carotid artery siphon, while the extracranial artery stenosis occurred mainly in the bifurcation of the common carotid artery and the opening of the vertebral artery. There were 34 cases （83%） with convict vascular stenosis and perfusion abnormalities, and five cases （45%） with perfusion abnormalities but without convict vascular stenosis. The incidence of cerebral infarction in patients with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores 〉 5 points during onset was significantly higher than that in patients with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores 〈 5 points. These experimental findings indicate that the combined application of various CT imaging methods allows early diagnosis of acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease, which can comprehensively analyze the pathogenesis and severity of acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease at the morphological and functional levels.

Investigation on the optical scan condition for imaging of multi-slice spiral CT liver perfusion in rats

Background Multi-slice CT liver perfusion has been widely used in experimental studies of hemodynamic changes in liver lesions, and is usually performed as an adjunct to a conventional CT examination because of its high temporal and spatial resolution, simple protocol, good reproducibility, and ability to measure hemodynamic changes of liver tissues at the capillary level. Experimental rat models, especially those of induced liver cancer, are often used in studies of hemodynamic changes in liver cancer. Carcinogenesis in rats has a similar pathological progression and characteristics resembling those in human liver cancer; as a result, rat models are often used as ideal animal models in the study of human liver cancer. However, liver perfusion imaging in rats is difficult to perform, because rats＇ livers are so small that different concentrations, flow rates, and dose of contrast agents during the CT perfusion scanning can influence the quality of liver perfusion images in rats. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to investigate the optimal scan protocol for the imaging of hepatic perfusion using a deconvolution mathematical method in rats by comparing the results of rats in different injection conditions of the contrast agent, including concentration, rate and time. Methods Plain CT scan conditions in eighty 2-month-old male Wistar rats were 5.0 mm slice thickness, 5.0 mm interval, 1.0 pitch, 120 kV tube voltage, 60 mA tube current, 512x512 matrix, and FOV 9.6 cm. Perfusion scanning was carried out with different concentrations of diatrizoate （19%, 38%, 57%, and 76%）, different injection rates （0.3 and 0.5 ml/s）, and different injection times （1, 2-3, 4-5, and 6 seconds）. The above conditions were randomly matched and adjusted to determine the best perfusion scan protocol. Three-phase contrast-enhanced scanning was performed after CT perfusion. Histological examination of the liver tissues with hematoxylin and eosin stains was done after CT scanning. Results When the concentration of the contrast agent was 19% or 38%, no pseudo-color map was created. The viscosity increased when the concentration of the contrast agent was 76%; so it is difficult to inject the contrast agent at such a high concentration. Also no pseudo-color map was generated when the injection time was short （1, 2-3, and 4-5 seconds） or the injection rate was low （0.3 ml/s）. The best perfusion images and perfusion parameters were obtained during 50 seconds scanning. Each rat was given an injection of 57% diatrizoate at 0.5 mils via the tail vein using a high-pressure syringe for 6 seconds. The perfusion parameters included hepatic blood flow （HBF）, hepatic blood volume （HBV）, mean transit time （MTT） of the contrast agent, capillary permeability-surface area product （PS）, hepatic arterial index （HAl）, hepatic artery perfusion （HAP）, and hepatic portal perfusion （HPP）. All these parameters reflected the perfusion status of liver parenchyma in normal rats. Three phases of enhancement were modified according to the time-density curves （TDCs） of the perfusion imaging： hepatic arterial phase （7 seconds）, hepatic portal venous phase （15 seconds）, and a delayed phase （23-31 seconds）. On examination by microscopy, the liver tissues were pathologically normal. Conclusions The appropriate protocol with multi-slice spiral CT liver perfusion reflected normal liver hemodynamics in rats. This study laid a solid foundation for further investigation of the physiological characteristics of liver cancer in a rat model, and was an important supplement to and reference for conventional contrast-enhanced CT scans.

多层螺旋CT检查在诊断溃疡性结肠炎中的应用价值探讨

目的旨在探讨多层螺旋CT(MSCT)检查在诊断溃疡性结肠炎中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2016年5月至2018年5月于湖北省老河口市第一医院就诊治疗的80例溃疡性结肠炎患者临床、影像学资料,总结不同检查方法对溃疡性结肠炎检出情况及影像学图像表现。结果较X线而言,MSCT检查可检出肠壁增厚、肠道黏膜光滑、肠系膜表现高密度、淋巴结增大和肠壁出现分层(P<0.05)。X线结肠双对比造影表现肠道上细小粘膜结构的改变和浅表溃疡,肠壁粘膜可表现为小斑点和颗粒状改变并伴有多个细小炎性息肉形成。MSCT检查所有患者均表现为肠壁增厚,77例肠道粘膜以锯齿状的凹凸不平呈现,周围脂肪间隙未见索条影,少数显示肠系膜淋巴结增大和密度增高,显现肠壁分层10例。结论X线双对比造影和MSCT均可明确溃疡性结肠炎影像表现,但将两者联合采用更有利于提高溃疡性结肠炎的诊断正确率和指导临床进行治疗。

64排螺旋CT结肠成像技术诊断结直肠疾病的有效性分析

【摘要】目的：研究64排螺旋CT设备对结直肠病症实施诊断的有效性。方法：任意抽选2013年11月-2014年7月到本院接受检查的病人94例，在CT设备下运用扫描方式为病人建立结肠成像，并通过检视成像判断病症。结果：94例病人接受CT扫描检查后，病症均得到准确的诊断，其中有55例病人成像诊断确定为结＼直肠癌症患者，其余39例病人均患有肠外病症，C检查结果和手术中病理观察结果基本一致（P〉0．05）。结论：在CT扫描下，通过影片成像技术开展诊断工作能够准确判断出结直肠病变病人所患的具体病症，医疗机构应普及CT成像诊断方案。

Diagnostic value of multi-slice spiral CT in aortic dissection

Background Aortic dissection occurs at a low incidence, but is associated with high mortality. It is generally acute onset, complicated and is often misdiagnosed; therefore is a macro vascular disease that poses major threat on patients’ lives. Timely diagnosis and management are essential, so we investigated the diagnostic value of multi-slice spiral CT in aortic dissection. Methods clinical data from 21 patients with confirmed aortic dissection were retrospectively analyzed. All patients had undergone plain and contrasted multi-slice spiral CT scans. Results true lumen and pseudo cavity were clearly revealed in all 21 patients, of which 17 showed intimal flap, four showed intimal calcification and inward displacement, while 2 had thrombosis in the pseudo cavity. As for classification among these 21 patients, 9 had type Ⅰ aortic dissection, including two patients with innominate artery involvement, 1 with celiac trunk involvement and 2 with left renal artery involvement; 2 had type Ⅱ aortic dissection, including 1 patient with innominate artery involvement; Another ten patients had type III aortic dissection, including 2 patients with left subclavian artery involvement and 1 with celiac trunk involvement. Nineteen out of 21 patients had clearly revealed initial rupture. Conclusion multi-slice spiral CT is characterized by rapidness, non-invasiveness and accuracy. It provides clear visualization of the location and scope of aortic dissection, location of the rupture as well as the valves, which makes it a first-choice imaging approach for the diagnosis of aortic dissection.

结肠内容物标记法CT结肠成像的研究进展

结肠镜和传统CT结肠成像检查需要严格的导泻或清洁灌肠,多数年老体弱的病人无法耐受。结肠内容物标记法CT结肠成像是通过口服对比剂来标记肠内残留物质,并结合相关后处理技术有效筛查结直肠病变,避免因物理肠道准备给病人带来的不适与痛苦。就结肠内容物标记法CT结肠成像(双能电子净化方法等)的具体标记方法、影像后处理技术、检查性能及临床意义方面的研究予以综述。

Analysis of CT and MRI in the Diagnosis of Shoulder Joint Injury

Objective: To observe the effect of multi-slice spiral CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of shoulder injury. Methods: 120 patients with shoulder injury who were treated in our hospital (January 2020 to December 2021) and underwent surgical treatment were diagnosed as shoulder injury. They were divided into CT group, MRI group and joint diagnosis group. The detection rates of the two methods were compared. Results: In the diagnosis of shoulder injury, MRI group was higher than CT group, and the joint diagnosis group was higher than the other two groups. Conclusion: In the diagnosis of shoulder injury, the joint examination of multi-slice spiral CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can obtain a higher diagnostic rate and ideal effect.