Segmental radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary vein ostia for patients with refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation using multi-slice spiral computed tomography guidance

Objective： To evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of segmental radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary vein （PV） ostia for patients with refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation （AF） under multi-slice spiral computed tomography （MSCT） guidance before the procedure. Methods： A series of 58 consecutive patients with refractory paroxysmal AF were enrolled to undergo segmental radiofrequency ablation ofPV ostia. The 36 male and 22 female patients with mean age of （57.4±9.5） （32-79） years and no obvious organic heart disease. Before ablation, patients received MSCT to generate 3-dimentional image of the left atrium （LA） and proximal PVs. Patients then underwent segmental radiofrequency ablation ofPV ostia using PV circular mapping catheter manipulated several times to ensure complete isolation between PVs and LA. Results： No complications occurred during the procedure. One patient developed delayed cardiac tamponade, which was drained percutaneously. The mean follow-up time was （17.1±9.3） months. Forty-one patients （95%） experienced improved quality of life one month after the procedure. Thirty-six patients （83%） showed stable sinus rhythm, while 10 patients （23%） required additional anti-arrhythmic drugs. AF returned≥1 time in 6 （14%） patients who underwent anti-arrhythmic drug therapy, but the number of episodes was less than that before the procedure. However, one patient experienced recurrent episodes of atrial flutter. Conclusion： It is safe and effective to perform segmental radiofrequency ablation of PV ostia for patients with refractory paroxysmal AF using MSCT guidance mappening.

Multi-slice spiral computed tomography in differential diagnosis of gastric stromal tumors and benign gastric polyps,and gastric stromal tumor risk stratification assessment

BACKGROUND The biological characteristics of gastric stromal tumors are complex,and their incidence has increased in recent years.Gastric stromal tumors(GST)have potential malignant tendencies,and the probability of transformation into malignant tumors is as high as 20%-30%.AIM To investigate the value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography(MSCT)in the differential diagnosis of GST and benign gastric polyps,and GST risk stratification assessment.METHODS We included 64 patients with GST(GST group)and 60 with benign gastric polyps(control group),confirmed by pathological examination after surgery in PLA General Hospital,from January 2016 to June 2021.The differences in the MSCT imaging characteristic parameters and enhanced CT values between the two groups before surgery were compared.According to the National Institutes of Health’s standard,GST is divided into low-and high-risk groups for MSCT imaging characteristic parameters and enhanced CT values.RESULTS The incidences of extraluminal growth,blurred boundaries,and ulceration in the GST group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The CT values and enhanced peak CT values in the arterial phase in the CST group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The MSCT differential diagnosis of GST and gastric polyp sensitivity,specificity,misdiagnosis rate,missed diagnosis rate,and areas under the curve(AUCs)were 73.44%,83.33%,26.56%,16.67%,0.784,respectively.The receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted with the arterial CT value and enhanced peak CT value,with a statistical difference.The results showed that the sensitivity,specificity,misdiagnosis rate,missed diagnosis rate,and AUC value of arterial CT in the differential diagnosis of GST and gastric polyps were 80.18%,62.20%,19.82%,37.80%,and 0.710,respectively.The sensitivity,specificity,misdiagnosis rate,missed diagnosis rate,and AUC value of the enhanced peak CT value in the differential diagnosis of GST and gastric polyps were 67.63%,60.40%,32.37%,39.60%,and 0.710,respectively.The incidence of blurred lesion boundaries and ulceration in the high-risk group was significantly higher than that in the low-risk group(P<0.05).The arterial phase and enhanced peak CT values in the high-risk group were significantly higher than those in the low-risk group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Presurgical MSCT examination has important value in the differential diagnosis of GST and gastric benign polyps and can effectively evaluate the risk grade of GST patients.

Multi-slice spiral computed tomography in diagnosing unstable pelvic fractures in elderly and effect of less invasive stabilization

BACKGROUND Older people are more likely to experience pelvic fractures than younger people.Multi-slice spiral computed tomography(CT)uses three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction technology to generate 3D images that can clearly demonstrate the 3D space of fractures and detect fractures at a higher rate.AIM To investigate the clinical value of multi-slice spiral CT 3D reconstruction in the diagnosis of unstable pelvic fractures in the elderly as well as the effect of less invasive stabilization.METHODS A total of 86 patients with unstable pelvic fractures treated between March 2016 and March 2019 underwent femoral supracondylar bone traction before surgery.Pelvic radiography and multi-row spiral CT were performed successively once the patient’s vital signs and hemodynamic indices were stable.Secondary processing of the original data was performed to obtain 3D reconstruction images and determine the vertical displacement of the pelvis.After basic or complete reduction,minimally invasive internal fixation using hollow lag screws was performed.The detection rates of fracture location and classification by X-ray and CT reconstruction were compared.Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of preoperative 3D reconstruction to compare postoperative reduction,wound healing time,fracture healing time,hospitalization time,visual analog scale(VAS)score,poor internal fixation,and functional recovery.RESULTS The diagnostic coincidence rates of X-rays for pubic symphysis,ilium wing,sacroiliac periarticular,and sacral fractures were lower than those of CT reconstruction.The coincidence rate of CT reconstruction in the clinical classification of pelvic fractures was 100%,whereas 11 cases were misdiagnosed by X-ray;the total coincidence rate was 87.21%.The total excellent and good rates of postoperative reduction were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The wound healing,fracture healing,and hospitalization times were significantly shorter in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The VAS scores decreased in both groups postoperatively and were lower in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The total incidence of poor postoperative internal fixation was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The overall rate of postoperative functional recovery was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Multi-slice spiral CT has high guiding significance for the diagnosis,classification,and treatment of unstable pelvic fractures in the elderly.Preoperative 3D reconstruction can effectively shorten the operation time and promote fracture healing,while minimally invasive internal fixation can effectively reduce pain and promote functional recovery of fracture sites,making it worthy of clinical application.

Efficacy of multi-slice spiral computed tomography in evaluating gastric cancer recurrence after endoscopic submucosal dissection

BACKGROUND Recurrence is the major challenge facing endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)-based treatment therapies for early gastric cancer(EGC).Urgent development of simple and easy surveillance approaches will enhance clinical treatment of the disease.AIM To explore the role of computed tomography(CT)recurrence in evaluating EGC after ESD treatment.METHODS We retrospectively recruited patients from our endoscopy department,between January 2002 and December 2015,and analyzed their basic characteristics,including symptoms,CT results,and results of endoscopy with biopsy,among others.RESULTS Among a total of 2150 patients EGC patients surveyed,1362 met our inclusion and exclusion criteria and were therefore enrolled in our study.The cohort’s sensitivity of CT for recurrent GC and specificity were 44.22%and 43.86%,respectively,with negative and positive predictive values of 40.15%(275/685)and 48.01%(325/677),respectively.The area under the curve of arterial and venous CT values for recurrent EGC were 0.545,and 0.604,respectively.Receiver operating characteristic curve revealed no statistically significant differences between arterial and venous CT values for recurrent EGC.CONCLUSION Enhanced CT has superior diagnostic efficacy,but less accuracy,compared to gold standard techniques in patients with recurrent EGC.

3D Reconstruction with Spiral Computed Tomography in Choroidal Osteoma

Choroidal osteoma (CO) is a rare, ossifying benign tumor originated in the choroid that typically occurs in otherwise healthy young women (1,2). It is characterized by a yellowish, well demarcated lesion in the juxtapapillary or macular area. The diagnosis is clinical and can be confirmed with the use of fluorescein or indocyanine angiography, optical coherence tomography, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Choroidal neovascularization or subretinal fluid, the main causes for vision loss, can be treated with laser therapy, photodynamic therapy or intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy. We present a case of choroidal osteoma, showing the role of the high resolution 3D spiral computed tomography.

Portal vein computed tomography imaging characteristics and their relationship with bleeding risk in patients with liver cirrhosis undergoing interventional therapy

BACKGROUND This study aimed to analyze the predictive value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography(CT)perfusion imaging for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension.A total of 62 patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension and 28 healthy individuals were included.The results showed that multi-slice spiral CT perfusion imaging had a significant predictive value for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension.The vascular area,number of vascular cross-sections,and gastric coronary vein diameter(GCVD)showed high predictive values,with the vascular area having the best predictive value.AIM To investigate the predictive accuracy of multi-slice spiral CT perfusion imaging for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension.METHODS This study included 62 patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension(disease group)and 28 healthy individuals(control group).The disease group was further divided into two subgroups:Group A(n=27,bleeding)and group B(n=35,no bleeding).All patients underwent multi-slice spiral CT perfusion imaging at our hospital,and we compared various parameters such as liver blood flow,vein size,number of blood vessels,and blood vessel area between the two groups.We employed statistical analysis to identify factors associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and created a graph comparing the predictive value of different factors for bleeding.RESULTS We found no difference in hepatic artery(HAP)levels among the three groups(all P>0.05).The portal vein levels in groups A and B were much lower than in the control group;group A was much lower than group B(all P<0.05).The HAP perfusion index levels in groups A and B were much higher than in the control group;group A was much higher than group B(all P<0.05).The portal vein diameter,splenic vein diameter,and GCVD levels in groups A and B were much higher than in the control group;those in group A were much higher than those in group B(all P<0.05).The number of blood vessels and blood vessel area in groups A and B were much higher than in the control group;those in group A were much higher than those in group B(all P<0.05).The statistical method showed a strong link between GCVD,number of blood vessels,blood vessel area,and upper gastrointestinal bleeding(odds ratio=1.275,1.346,1.397,P<0.05).The graph showed that GCVD,number of blood vessels,and blood vessel area could predict bleeding well,with blood vessel area having the best prediction power.CONCLUSION That multi-slice spiral CT perfusion imaging can predict upper gastrointestinal bleeding well in patients with cirrhosis and high blood pressure in the portal vein.GCVD,number of blood vessels,and blood vessel area had high prediction power.The blood vessel area had the best prediction power,with an area under the curve of 0.831.

Feasibility and Diagnostic Accuracy for Assessment of Coronary Artery Stenosis of Prospectively Electrocardiogram-gated High-pitch Spiral Acquisition Mode Dual-source CT Coronary Angiography in Patients with Relatively Higher Heart Rates: in Comparison wit

Objective To prospectively investigate the diagnostic accuracy for coronary artery stenosis of prospectively electrocardiogram-triggered spiral acquisition mode (high pitch mode) dual-source computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) in patients with relatively higher heart rates (HR) compared with catheter coronary angiography (CCA). Methods Forty-seven consecutive patients with relatively higher HR (>65 and <100 bpm) (20 male, 27 female; age 55±10 years) who both underwent dual-source CTCA and CCA were prospectively included in this study. All patients were performed CTCA using high pitch mode setting at 20%-30% of the R-R interval for the image acquisition. All coronary segments were evaluated by two blinded and independent observers with regard to image quality on a three-point scale (1: excellent to 3: non-diagnostic) and for the presence of significant coronary stenoses (defined as diameter narrowing exceeding 50%). Considered CCA as the standard of reference, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated. Radiation dose values were calculated using the dose-length product. Results Image quality was rated as being score 1 in 92.4% of segments, score 2 in 6.1% of segmentsand score 3 in 1.5% of segments. The average image quality score per segment was 1.064±0.306. The HR variability of patients with image score 1, 2 and 3 were 2.29±1.06 bpm, 5.17±1.37 bpm, 8.88±1.53 bpm, respectively. The average HR variability of patients with different image scores were significantly different (F=170.402, P=0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 92.6%, 97.0%, 87.6%, 98.3%, respectively, per segment and 90.0%, 95.2%, 85.3%, 96.9%, respectively, per vessel and 100%, 63.6%, 90.0%, 100%, respectively, per patient. The effective radiation dose was on average 0.86±0.16 mSv. Conclusion In patients with HR more than 65 bpm and below 100 bpm without cardiac arrhythmia, the prospectively electrocardiogram-gated high-pitch spiral acquisition mode with image acquired timing set at 20%-30% of the R-R interval provides a high diagnostic accuracy for the assessment of coronary stenoses combined with a 1.5% of non-diagnostic coronary segments and a radiation dose below 1 mSv.

MSCTA、2D DSA和3D DSA对颈动脉狭窄测量差异比较的实验研究

目的：比较多层螺旋CT血管造影（MSCTA）与2D数字减影血管造影（DSA）、3DDSA对颈动脉狭窄模型的测量差异。方法根据北美症状性颈动脉内膜切除术试验组（NASCET）标准，利用重力输液管制备30支血管模型，其中0级2支，1级（1％～＜30％）6支，2级（30％～＜70％）和3级（70％～＜100％）各10支，血管闭塞（4级，100％）2支，分别进行MSCTA、直径10mm钢球校准后2DDSA和3DDSA成像分析（AVA），分别测量模型血管内径、狭窄段的直径狭窄率（DSR）和面积狭窄率（ASR），并评估其狭窄程度。结果与MSCTA和2DDSA比较，3DDSA对模型内径的测量误差最大[（3．08±0．09）mm]，差异具有统计学意义（t＝14．95、11．89，P＜0．01）。3种方法对同一血管狭窄模型所测出的ASR均大于DSR，3DDSA的ASR和DSR均较MSCTA和2DDSA有减低。以ASR和DSR为血管狭窄的评估参考指标，2DDSA为诊断“金标准”，MSCTA与钢球校准后2DDSA对血管狭窄程度分级的诊断一致性最佳（Kappa值分别为0．86和0．91），3DDSA对血管狭窄程度评估的可靠性较低，Kappa值为0．35和0．42。结论MSCTA能够提供全面、准确的诊断信息，可替代常规DSA用于颈动脉狭窄的诊断性评价，相对于2DDSA和MSCTA，3DDSA对颈动脉的狭窄可能具有一定程度的低估。

颅内小动脉瘤的CT征象及MSCTA在夹闭手术前后及随访中应用

目的:探讨颅内小动脉瘤的CT征象及多层螺旋CT血管成像(multi-slice spiral CT angiography,MSCTA)在夹闭手术前后及随访中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2013年3月至2015年3月到医院就诊的81例高度怀疑颅内小动脉瘤患者的MSCTA影像学资料,确诊患者均行颅内动脉瘤夹闭术,分析夹闭手术前后影像学表现,并与数字减影血管造影(digital subtraction angiography,DSA)及术中所见对比。结果:MSCTA相对于DSA及术中所见诊断颅内小动脉瘤的准确率、敏感性、特异性分别为93.83%、93.75%、94.12%;MSCTA相对于DSA及术中所见诊断颅内小动脉瘤结果一致性好(Kappa=0.825)。MSCTA诊断颅内小动脉瘤大小的准确性与DSA及术中所见无差异。MSCT平扫显示以蛛网膜下腔或颅内出血为主。MSCTA术前诊断显示60例患者共71个颅内动脉瘤,形态为菱形、囊形;64例患者行颅动脉夹闭术,术后2周复查MSCTA,60例患者满意;36例患者术后随访6~12个月无异常。结论:MSCTA能为颅内小动脉瘤夹闭术提供丰富信息,还可作为术后评估和随访的首选影像学方法。

颈动脉体瘤的64-MSCTA诊断及影像征象

目的:探讨64-MSCTA对颈动脉体瘤的诊断价值及其影像特征。方法:回顾性分析14例经临床和(或)病理证实的颈动脉体瘤多层螺旋CT增强扫描和CTA影像资料,评价64-MSCTA对颈动脉体瘤的诊断价值。结果:所有病例均显示为颈动脉分叉处的边界清晰、形态不规则的实性软组织肿物,14例均未见钙化;增强扫描动脉期肿块呈显著不均匀强化,瘤体内见丰富供血血管;静脉期肿瘤持续强化,强化程度低于动脉期,瘤体内密度趋向均匀;三维重建示肿瘤附着于颈动脉分叉部,多数病例见分叉角增大。结论:64-MSCTA多种重建技术可明确显示病灶大小、范围、境界、强化特征以及与邻近结构的关系,可提供更多鉴别诊断信息,可作为颈动脉体瘤的首选诊断方法。

MSCTA和3D-DCE-MRA在供肝移植术前评估供体血管中的对比研究

目的:通过比较影像的研究方式,探讨MSCTA与3D-DCE-MRA在活体供肝移植术前评估供体血管中的临床应用价值。材料与方法:30例拟行活体供肝移植术的供体,术前分别行MSCTA和3D-DCE-MRA检查,4名医师评价图像满意度及观察变异血管例数,图像满意度分为4级,变异血管主要观察非MichelsⅠ型肝动脉、肝Ⅳ段(肝左内叶)肝右动脉供血、门静脉三分支、肝右后下静脉、肝Ⅷ段静脉汇入肝中静脉,其中6例进行了供肝移植术并作术中比照,所有数据进行统计学分析。结果:二者显示肝动脉及门静脉的平均图像满意度无显著差异(P>0.05),显示肝静脉情况有显著差异(P<0.05)。二者显示肝右后下静脉及肝Ⅷ段静脉汇入肝中静脉情况有显著差异(P<0.05),余未见显著差异(P>0.05)。6例供体术中记录与3D-DCE-MRA结果完全吻合,MSCTA结果仅肝右后下静脉与肝Ⅷ段静脉汇入肝中静脉与术中记录不吻合,其它均吻合。结论:MSCTA与3D-DCE-MRA在评估肝动脉及门静脉方面无显著差异。在评估肝静脉方面,3D-DCE-MRA优于MSCTA。3D-DCE-MRA可作为活体供肝移植术前评估供体血管情况的首选检查方法。

自发孤立性肠系膜上动脉夹层的MSCTA诊断与鉴别诊断

目的:探讨多层螺旋CT血管成像(MSCTA)对自发孤立性肠系膜上动脉夹层(SIDSMA)的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析24例SIDSMA患者的MSCTA资料,应用多种重组方法对图像进行重建,并对患者影像资料进行综合分析。结果:24例SIDSMA患者均显示破口,夹层破口距离肠系膜起始部距离0.4-4.3cm不等;17例显示内膜片,20例病变肠系膜上动脉(SMA)管径有不同程度增粗,其中2例伴SMA动脉瘤形成;4例患者清楚显示SMA分支受累,3例患者SMA远端分支闭塞,2例患者局部肠道可见缺血性改变。结论:MSCTA有助于SIDSMA的诊断,并能准确地对夹层进行评估,给临床提供有治疗价值的信息。

MSCTA曲面重建技术诊断腹主动脉瘤的应用研究

目的:分析多层螺旋CT血管成像(MSCTA)曲面重建技术(CPR)在腹主动脉瘤(AAA)诊断中的应用价值。方法:对21例B超提示AAA及5例AAA支架植入术后病例的MSCTA原始数据进行CPR重组,分析CPR图像对AAA的诊断能力。结果:26例AAA MSCTA的CPR图像清晰显示动脉瘤体的形态、与周围结构的关系、血管病的钙化,其中5例腹主动脉支架植入可清晰显示支架部位、范围及通畅程度。结论:CPR图像能准确、直观显示腹主动脉全貌,是轴位图像的重要补充,对AAA的定位及术后随访具有重要的应用价值。

MSCTA在颈动脉粥样硬化与缺血性脑卒中相关性研究中的应用

目的探讨多层螺旋CT血管造影(MSCTA)在颈动脉粥样硬化与缺血性脑卒中相关性研究中的应用。方法回顾性分析180例脑卒中患者的MSCTA检查资料,其中缺血性脑卒中87例,非缺血性脑卒中93例。首先对图像质量进行评价,其次对比两组患者颈动脉狭窄程度及颈动脉斑块部位、性质,最后采用Logistic回归分析筛选缺血性脑卒中的相关危险因素。结果 1 180例患者的360支颈动脉血管中,2支颈动脉图像质量较差不能用于分析,358支血管(缺血性脑卒中组172支,非缺性脑血卒中组186支)最终纳入研究,两组间图像质量比较无显著差异;2缺血性脑卒中组颈动脉重度狭窄病例明显多于非缺血性脑卒中组(χ2=11.80,P=0.001);3缺血性脑卒中组检出斑块411个,非缺血性脑卒中组430个。两组间斑块性质有显著差异(χ2=11.47,P=0.001),缺血性脑卒中组以不稳定斑块多见,非缺性脑血卒中组则以稳定斑块多见;4 Logistic回归分析结果提示,颈动脉狭窄、不稳定斑块均是缺血性脑卒中的重要危险因素(P<0.05),其中以不稳定斑块更为重要。结论 MSCTA是评价颈动脉粥样硬化的可靠影像学方法,颈动脉狭窄程度及粥样硬化斑块性质与缺血性脑卒中有一定的相关性,不稳定斑块是引起缺血性脑卒中最重要的危险因素。

MSCTA与DSA对脑血管畸形诊断价值的对比研究

目的比较多层螺旋CT血管成像(MSCTA)与数字减影血管造影(DSA)在脑血管畸形病人临床诊断中的应用及其诊断价值。方法选择我院收治的47例脑血管畸形病人作为研究对象,分别对病人进行MSCTA以及DSA检查,比较两种检查方法的确诊率。结果根据DSA检查结果,47例病人中共有31例发生脑出血,其中大脑浅静脉为最常见的出血部位。DSA的确诊率为95.74%,明显高于MSCTA检查的87.23%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 DSA是诊断脑静脉血管疾病的金标准,在脑血管畸形临床诊断中的应用可以有效提高确诊率并掌握病人的出血情况,为疾病的临床治疗提供依据,但是其具有一定的创伤性,因此一般可先采用MSCTA进行诊断,在无法确诊的情况下进行DSA检查,以实现病人的尽早确诊,提高确诊率。

MSCTA与高压注射器匹配的应用探讨

目的探讨多层螺旋CT血管造影(MSCTA)技术与高压注射器应用的匹配问题。方法选取720例(年龄18～85岁,平均60.2岁;男465例,女255例)作CT检查的患者,使用Siemens公司SOMATOMSensation 64层螺旋CT扫描机及德国Ulich高压注射器和优维显370mgI/ml浓度的非离子型对比剂静脉团注,观察CT的影像效果。结果高压注射器与MSCTA扫描的合理匹配可取得良好的影像效果。结论正确熟练掌握高压注射器,使MSCTA扫描时间和团注速度、剂量相匹配有助于提高影像诊断疾病的准确性。

MSCTA三维重建诊断颅内动脉瘤与DSA的一致性研究

目的探讨多层螺旋CT血管成像(MSCTA)三维重建技术与数字减影血管造影(DSA)在诊断颅内动脉瘤的一致性。方法收集2017年6月至2018年12月于我院收治的疑似颅内动脉瘤患者96例,同期行MSCTA三维重建检查及DSA检查,以DSA为金标准,计算MSCTA诊断效能,比较两种检查方式检出瘤体形态的差异、空间关系显示差异及图像质量。结果DSA检出颅内动脉瘤患者62例,共有瘤体63个;MSCTA检出颅内动脉瘤者56例,瘤体共60个;以DSA为金标准,MSCTA诊断颅内动脉瘤灵敏度88.74%,特异度97.06%,准确性91.67%,阳性预测值98.21%,阴性预测值82.50%,kappa值为0.825;两种检查方式在瘤体直径与瘤体宽度中的检查结果均无统计学意义(P>0.05);MSCTA三维重建技术可清晰显示动脉瘤钙化、瘤颈走向、载瘤动脉、周边血管关系等空间关系;DSA可显示血流方向、细小动静脉。结论MSCTA三维重建诊断颅内动脉瘤结果与DSA具有良好一致性,且相对无创、经济、简便,可作为颅内动脉瘤诊断的首选方法。

基于MSCTA显示的高密度血栓与腹主动脉瘤破裂相关

目的:利用多层螺旋计算机体层血管成像(MSCTA)将腹主动脉瘤(AAA)内的附壁血栓(ILT)量化为亨氏单位(HU)值,以探究不同CT值范围内的血栓与AAA破裂风险之间的关系。方法:收集南京鼓楼医院自2017年1月—2021年1月收治的较大直径(≥6.0 cm) AAA患者(共41例)资料,分为腹主动脉瘤完整(IAAA)组(n=25)和腹主动脉瘤破裂(RAAA)组(n=16)。根据每位患者的MSCTA重建三维图像,测量最大横径平面处血栓CT值和不同CT值范围内血栓体积,并在标准化血栓下计算两组中不同CT值范围内血栓的变化。结果:RAAA组最大横径平面处血栓平均CT值[(43.2±8.5)HU]高于IAAA组[(35.7±6.6)HU,P=0.003],且RAAA组最大横径平面处血栓最大CT值中位数(113.0 HU)高于IAAA组(83.0 HU,P<0.001)。进一步分析不同CT值范围内血栓体积,发现在-100~30 HU范围内RAAA组血栓体积[(63.0±35.2)cm3]与IAAA组[(44.2±28.8)cm3]差异无统计学意义(P=0.069);而在30~150 HU范围内RAAA组血栓体积中位数(125.1 cm3)却明显高于IAAA组(78.5 cm3,P=0.010)。在RAAA组中,30~150 HU范围内血栓体积与标准化血栓体积(ILT体积/总瘤腔体积)呈正相关(ρ=0.900,P<0.001),而-100~30 HU范围内两者没有相关性(ρ=0.361,P=0.169)。结论:较大直径的AAA中MSCTA显示的高密度ILT与瘤体破裂相关,高密度ILT可能是高危动脉瘤的特征。

MRI与MSCTA诊断胰腺癌胰周血管侵犯的价值比较

目的:研究磁共振成像(MRI)与多层螺旋电子计算机断层扫描血管造影(MSCTA)诊断胰腺癌胰周血管侵犯的应用价值。方法:选择86例胰腺癌患者,根据手术结果发现其中胰周血管侵犯63例,无血管侵犯23例,所有患者均进行MRI与MSCTA检测。统计两种方式检查胰周血管受侵犯的诊断效能、对不同等级血管侵犯检出率、对不同类型血管侵犯情况检出率。结果:MSCTA的灵敏度及特异度分别为96.83%、91.30%,MRI为85.71%、86.96%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);MSCTA诊断准确度为95.35%,高于MRI的86.05%(P<0.05);MSCTA对1、2、3、4级血管侵犯与手术结果比较符合率分别为94.29%、98.04%、96.36%、95.83%,MRI分别为88.57%、92.16%、92.73%,87.50%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两种检测方式对不同类型血管侵犯检出率无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:MSCTA检测胰腺癌胰周血管侵犯准确率更高。

Preoperative assessment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma:combination of cholangiography and CT angiography

BACKGROUND: Hilar cholangiocarcinoma is one of the most difficult carcinomas to manage because of the location of the main tumor at the hepatic hilus and the complex anatomy of the biliary, arterial, and portal systems. To plan an operation, it is important to acquire accurate information about the relationship between hilar cholangiocarcinoma and adjacent vessels. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of cholangiography combined with spiral CT three-dimensional (3D) angiography for a preoperative assessment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. METHODS: From March 2007 to August 2009, cholangiography was performed in 13 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Meanwhile, contrast-enhanced abdominal scanning was performed using 16-slice spiral CT, and the 3D images of the hepatic artery and portal vein were acquired. The level and range of invasion of the hepatic artery, the portal vein, and the bile duct, the preoperative Bismuth classification, and T-staging were recorded and compared with those after surgical exploration. RESULTS: The hepatic artery and portal vein were reconstructed successfully in all these patients. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography was performed in 9 patients, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in 1, and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography in 3. The CT angiography records of invasion of the hepatic artery were consistent with the results of explorations in these patients. The data from 5 of the 13 patients were consistent with those on invasion of the portal vein. The results of the Bismuth classification and the T-staging system were consistent with those of surgical exploration in 12 of the 13 patients. Seven of 8 patients who were estimated to be suitable for operation based on images were curatively treated and 5 who were judged to be unsuitable for curative operation by cholangiography and CT angiography were confirmed intraoperatively and underwent palliative procedures. CONCLUSIONS: Cholangiography combined with multi-slice spiral 3D CT angiography can satisfactorily delineate the local invasion of hilar cholangiocarcinoma and accurately evaluate the resectability. This approach, therefore, contributes to the planning of safe operation. (Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2010; 9: 186-191)