Discrete multi-step phase hologram for high frequency acoustic modulation

Acoustic holograms can recover wavefront stored acoustic field information and produce high-fidelity complex acoustic fields. Benefiting from the huge spatial information that traditional acoustic elements cannot match, acoustic holograms pursue the realization of high-resolution complex acoustic fields and gradually tend to high-frequency ultrasound applications. However, conventional continuous phase holograms are limited by three-dimensional(3D) printing size, and the presence of unavoidable small printing errors makes it difficult to achieve acoustic field reconstruction at high frequency accuracy. Here, we present an optimized discrete multi-step phase hologram. It can ensure the reconstruction quality of image with high robustness, and properly lower the requirement for the 3D printing accuracy. Meanwhile, the concept of reconstruction similarity is proposed to refine a measure of acoustic field quality. In addition, the realized complex acoustic field at 20 MHz promotes the application of acoustic holograms at high frequencies and provides a new way to generate high-fidelity acoustic fields.

Parental Psychological Control and Internet Gaming Disorder Tendency:A Moderated Mediation Model of Core Self-Evaluation and Intentional Self-Regulation

Internet gaming disorder(IGD)among junior high school students is an increasingly prominent mental health concern.It is important to look for influences behind internet gaming disorder tendency(IGDT)in the junior high school student population.The present study aimed to reveal the explanatory mechanisms underlying the association between parental psychological control(PPC)and internet gaming disorder tendency among junior high school students by testing the mediating role of core self-evaluation(CSE)and the moderating role of intentional self-regulation(ISR).Participants in present study were 735 Chinese junior high school students who completed offline self-report questionnaires on parental psychological control,core self-evaluation,intentional self-regulation,and Internet gaming disorder tendency.Analyses were conducted via mediation and moderated mediation.The results showed that:(1)Parental psychological control was positively related to junior high school students’Internet gaming disorder tendency.Core self-evaluation,and intentional self-regulation were negatively related to junior high school students’Internet gaming disorder tendency,respectively.(2)Core self-evaluation partially mediated the relationship between parental psychological control and junior high school students’Internet gaming disorder tendency.(3)Intentional self-regulation moderated the association between parental psychological control and Internet gaming disorder tendency,as well as the relationships between parental psychological control and core self-evaluation and core self-evaluation and Internet gaming disorder tendency in the mediated model.Based on these findings,we believe that there is a need to weaken parental psychological control,strengthen junior high school students’core self-evaluation and intentional self-regulation,and to recognize the important role of parents as well as their children’s personal positive traits in the healthy development of junior high school students.

The Moderating Effect of Organizational Identification on Occupational Stress and Insomnia Among Nurses

Objective:To explore the relationship between organizational identification,occupational stress,and insomnia among nurses and to analyze the moderating role of organizational identification between occupational stress and insomnia.Methods:Through stratified sampling,720 nurses working in a tertiary A-level hospital in Shandong Province from March to May 2021 were surveyed using an effort-reward imbalance questionnaire,an organizational identification questionnaire,and the Athens Insomnia scale.Results:Organizational identification was negatively correlated with occupational stress and insomnia(r_(1)=-0.121,P_(1)<0.01;r_(2)=-0.144,P_(2)<0.01).Occupational stress was positively correlated with insomnia(r=0.379,P<0.01).Organizational identity significantly moderated nurses’occupational stress and insomnia(β=-0.192,t=-2.558,P<0.05).Conclusion:Occupational stress and organizational identification can predict insomnia.Organizational identification could negatively mediate the relationship between occupational stress and insomnia.Improving organizational identification may help alleviate insomnia symptoms by relieving occupational stress.

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Moderate to Severe Malnutrition in Elderly Patients with Lung Cancer during Chemotherapy

Objective:This study aims to identify the factors influencing moderate to severe malnutrition in elderly lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and to provide a basis for developing clinical prevention and intervention strategies.Methods:The clinical data of 150 elderly lung cancer patients who received chemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed.Demographic data,clinical characteristics,laboratory indicators,treatment plans,and other relevant information were collected.Independent risk factors for moderate to severe malnutrition during chemotherapy were identified.Results:During chemotherapy,50 patients(33.33%)developed moderate to severe malnutrition.The BMI of patients with moderate to severe malnutrition was significantly lower than that of patients with no or mild malnutrition(21.20±1.60 vs.26.14±2.31,P<0.001),and the proportion of patients with stage IV tumors was significantly higher(60.00%vs.27.00%,P<0.001).Serum pre-albumin(pre-ALB)and hemoglobin(Hb)levels in patients with moderate to severe malnutrition were significantly lower than those in patients with no or mild malnutrition(152.67±30.41 g/L vs.252.47±51.24 g/L and 102.44±10.09 g/L vs.154.21±15.18 g/L,respectively,P<0.001 for all).Conclusion:Low BMI,decreased serum pre-ALB levels,and decreased serum Hb levels before chemotherapy are independent risk factors for moderate to severe malnutrition in elderly lung cancer patients during chemotherapy.Close clinical attention should be given to these patients,with early intervention measures such as nutritional support to reduce the incidence of malnutrition and improve patients’quality of life and prognosis.

Adaptive Multi-Step Evaluation Design With Stability Guarantee for Discrete-Time Optimal Learning Control

This paper is concerned with a novel integrated multi-step heuristic dynamic programming(MsHDP)algorithm for solving optimal control problems.It is shown that,initialized by the zero cost function,MsHDP can converge to the optimal solution of the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman(HJB)equation.Then,the stability of the system is analyzed using control policies generated by MsHDP.Also,a general stability criterion is designed to determine the admissibility of the current control policy.That is,the criterion is applicable not only to traditional value iteration and policy iteration but also to MsHDP.Further,based on the convergence and the stability criterion,the integrated MsHDP algorithm using immature control policies is developed to accelerate learning efficiency greatly.Besides,actor-critic is utilized to implement the integrated MsHDP scheme,where neural networks are used to evaluate and improve the iterative policy as the parameter architecture.Finally,two simulation examples are given to demonstrate that the learning effectiveness of the integrated MsHDP scheme surpasses those of other fixed or integrated methods.

Adaptive multi-step piecewise interpolation reproducing kernel method for solving the nonlinear time-fractional partial differential equation arising from financial economics

This paper is aimed at solving the nonlinear time-fractional partial differential equation with two small parameters arising from option pricing model in financial economics.The traditional reproducing kernel(RK)method which deals with this problem is very troublesome.This paper proposes a new method by adaptive multi-step piecewise interpolation reproducing kernel(AMPIRK)method for the first time.This method has three obvious advantages which are as follows.Firstly,the piecewise number is reduced.Secondly,the calculation accuracy is improved.Finally,the waste time caused by too many fragments is avoided.Then four numerical examples show that this new method has a higher precision and it is a more timesaving numerical method than the others.The research in this paper provides a powerful mathematical tool for solving time-fractional option pricing model which will play an important role in financial economics.

Relationships between Features of EmergingAdulthood, Situated Decisions toward PhysicalActivity, and Physical Activity among CollegeStudents: The Moderating Role of ExerciseIntensity Tolerance

A significant portion of emerging adults do not achieve recommended levels of physical activity (PA). Previous studies observedassociations between features of emerging adulthood and PA levels, while the potential psychological mechanisms that mightexplain this phenomenon are not fully understood. In this context, there is some evidence that situated decisions towardphysical activity (SDPA) and exercise-intensity tolerance might influence PA level. To provide empirical support for thisassumption, the current study investigated whether (i) features of emerging adulthood are linked to SDPA, which, in turn,might affect PA engagement;(ii) exercise-intensity tolerance moderate the relationship between SDPA and PA level;and (iii)SDPA is a mediator of the relationship between features of emerging adulthood and PA levels under the prerequisite thatexercise-intensity tolerance moderates the link between SDPA and PA engagement. In this study a group of 1,706 Chinesecollege students was recruited and asked to complete a set of questionnaires assessing their SDPA, PA levels, exercise-intensitytolerance, and features associated with emerging adulthood, namely Self-exploration, Instability, and Possibility. Our resultsindicated that SDPA positively predicted PA levels and this relationship became stronger when exercise-intensity tolerance wasused as a moderator. Furthermore, it was observed that individuals with a higher level of Instability and a lower level ofPossibility during emerging adulthood exhibited a lower level of SDPA. Taken together, the results of our study providefurther insights on a potential psychological mechanism linking features of emerging adulthood and physical activity.

Burden of disability in type 2 diabetes mellitus and the moderating effects of physical activity

The growing diabetic epidemic has created a substantial burden,not only on the people with diabetes but also on society at large.This mini-review discussed the limitations and patterns of disability in type 2 diabetes mellitus and put forward a case for the moderating effects of physical activity(PA)in the management of diabetes.The limitations and impairments associated with diabetes include vascular,neurological,cardiac,and renal impairments.Moreover,individuals participate less in their daily lives and in their instrumental activities of daily living,which negatively impacts the quality of life of individuals with diabetes.This often leads to a loss of quality of life due to disabilities,resulting in an increased rate of disability-adjusted life years among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Moreover,there are psychosocial sequelae of diabetes mellitus.This necessitates looking for moderating factors that may reduce the burden of the disease.PA has been shown to be one of the factors that can mitigate these burdens.PA does this in several ways,including through the benefits it confers,such as a reduction of hemoglobin A1c,a reduction of excess fat in the liver and pancreas,and the reduction of cardiovascular risk factors,all of which favorably affect glycemic parameters.Specifically,PA regulates or moderates diabetes disability through two mechanisms:The regulation of glucolipid metabolism disorders and the optimization of body mass index and systemic conditions.Therefore,efforts should be directed at PA uptake through identified strategies.This will not only prevent diabetes or diabetes complications but will reduce its burden.

Moderately concentrated electrolyte enabling high-performance lithium metal batteries with a wide working temperature range

The electrolyte integrated with lithium metal anodes is subjected to the issues of interfacial compatibility and stability,which strongly influence the performances of high-energy lithium metal batteries.Here,we report a new electrolyte recipe viz.a moderately concentrated electrolyte comprising of 2.4 M lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide(LiFSI)in a cosolvent mixture of fluorinated ethylene carbonate(FEC)and dimethyl carbonate(DMC)with relatively high ion conductivity.Owing to the preferential decomposition of LiFSI and FEC,an inorganic-rich interphase with abundant Li_(2)O and LiF nanocrystals is formed on lithium metal with improved robustness and ion transfer kinetics,enabling lithium plating/stripping with an extremely low overpotential of~8 mV and the average CE of 97%.When tested in Li||LiFePO_(4) cell,this electrolyte provides long-term cycling with a capacity retention of 98.3%after 1000 cycles at 1 C and an excellent rate performance of 20 C,as well as an areal capacity of 1.35 mA h cm^(-2)at the cathode areal loading of 9 mg cm^(-2).Moreover,the Li||LiFePO_(4) cell exhibits excellent wide-temperature performances(-40~60℃),including long-term cycling stability over 2600 cycles without visible capacity fading at 0℃,as well as extremely high average CEs of 99.6%and 99.8% over 400 cycles under-20℃ and 45℃.

Virtual Machine Consolidation with Multi-Step Prediction and Affinity-Aware Technique for Energy-Efficient Cloud Data Centers

Virtual machine(VM)consolidation is an effective way to improve resource utilization and reduce energy consumption in cloud data centers.Most existing studies have considered VM consolidation as a bin-packing problem,but the current schemes commonly ignore the long-term relationship between VMs and hosts.In addition,there is a lack of long-term consideration for resource optimization in the VM consolidation,which results in unnecessary VM migration and increased energy consumption.To address these limitations,a VM consolidation method based on multi-step prediction and affinity-aware technique for energy-efficient cloud data centers(MPaAF-VMC)is proposed.The proposed method uses an improved linear regression prediction algorithm to predict the next-moment resource utilization of hosts and VMs,and obtains the stage demand of resources in the future period through multi-step prediction,which is realized by iterative prediction.Then,based on the multi-step prediction,an affinity model between the VM and host is designed using the first-order correlation coefficient and Euclidean distance.During the VM consolidation,the affinity value is used to select the migration VM and placement host.The proposed method is compared with the existing consolidation algorithms on the PlanetLab and Google cluster real workload data using the CloudSim simulation platform.Experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve significant improvement in reducing energy consumption,VM migration costs,and service level agreement(SLA)violations.

Moderating Mechanism in the Relationship between Social Isolation and Mental Health among College Students during High-Risk Period of COVID-19 Transmission in Hubei, China

This study explored the effect of perceived social isolation on the mental health of college students during the high-risk period of COVID-19 transmission in Hubei,China and the role of social support from online friends in alleviating this effect.The questionnaire responses of 213 college students from four universities in Hubei were included.Measurement and structural models were constructed using structural equation modeling.The findings revealed that perceived social isolation while under home quarantine was a negative predictor of the mental health of college students in Hubei.Low social support from online friends may lead to a relatively strong relationship between perceived social isolation and mental health in these college students,whereas high social support from online friends may lead to a relatively weak relationship between perceived social isolation and mental health.

Effectiveness of Enriched Flour in the Recovery of Children Aged 6 to 59 Months with Moderate Acute Malnutrition

Introduction: In Chad, malnutrition is a silent emergency. Yet the use of local products in the fight against malnutrition is essential. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of locally sourced enriched flour in the recovery of children 6 to 59 months of moderate acute malnourishment compared to Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Foods (Plumpy’ Sup) in the city of Abéché-Chad. Methodology: This study took place from 1 October 2021 to 31 January 2022 in the city of Abéché, capital of the province of Ouaddaï. It was conducted in eight (8) urban health centers in the city of Abéché and concerned eighty (80) children with moderate acute malnutrition. It was based on a consumption assessment of two complementary foods by two groups of children. The assessment of nutritional status was made through anthropometric data such as weight, height and brachial perimeter. Results: All 80 children were tested for moderate acute malnutrition. Two complementary foods have been used which are locally produced flour and the Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food. The study showed that the group 1 who consumed the locally produced flour had an average weight gain of 1100 g and the group 2 who consumed the Plumpy sup had an average weight gain of 400 g. Conclusion: The present study carried out in Abéché allowed us to compare the effectiveness of locally produced weaning flours with Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Foods on moderate malnourished child weight growth in the nutritional units of the town of Abéché.

Mathematical Insight into Moderate Inversion Gate Delay Variability for Ultradeep Submicron Digital Circuit Design

Voltage scaling has been extensively used in industry for decades to reduce power consumption.In recent years,exploring digital circuit operation in moderate inversion has created an interest among researchers due to its immense capability to provide a perfect tradeoff between high performance and low energy operation.But circuits operating in moderate inversion are susceptible to process variations and variability.To compute variability,statistical parameters such as the probability density function(PDF)and cumulative distribution function(CDF)are required.This paper presents an analytical model framework for delay calculations utilizing log skew normal distribution for ultradeep submicron technology nodes up to 22 nm.The CDF of the proposed model is utilized to calculate minimum and maximum delays with 3σ-accuracy providing better accuracy than the conventional methods.The obtained results are also compared with Monte Carlo simulations with errors lying within the acceptable range of 2%-4%.

Moderate scale and realization potential of new citrus-planting business entities in hilly and mountainous areas in China

The natural and economic conditions of agricultural resources vary greatly in China,especially in hilly and mountainous areas.The phenomenon of land fragmentation has become increasingly prominent,so that large-scale operations cannot be fully achieved in a short period of time,and the centralized and continuous scale of operations cannot be realized in China.In addition,with increasingly strict farmland protection and agricultural land use control systems,the issues of nongrain production and nonagricultural cultivated land use have become increasingly restricted.Thus,it is quite necessary to determine the appropriate scale of operations and the means to achieve moderately scaled operations for the new business entities.On the basis of microsurvey data for 108 new citrus-planting business entities in the modern agricultural park in the Chongqing's Jiangjin District,an area with long citrus-planting history,we measured the moderate scale of new citrus-planting business entities to maximize profit using a translog growth model.According to the projection pursuit model,we evaluated the suitability conditions of citrus planting in garden land,woodland,grassland,and general cultivated land in the study area.We then explored the potential for new moderate-scale business entities within different farming radii.The results showed that large-scale planting conditions of citrus in garden land,forest land,grassland,and general cultivated land in the study area were suitable,and the proportion of high-suitable and mediumsuitable land was 73.42%.Under the existing social and economic conditions,the moderate scale of new citrus-planting business entities in the study area was 1.8–2.7 hm^(2).In particular,its rankings from large to small were agricultural enterprises(17.19–25.78 hm^(2)),farmer cooperatives(16.88–25.33 hm^(2)),big growers and breeders(6.39–9.59 hm^(2)),and family farms(5.02–7.53 hm^(2)).In the sample of 108 households,only 47.22%of the entities achieved moderate-scale operation,of which 25%of the entities achieved a scale greater than moderate operation.However,52.78%of the entities achieved a scale of less than moderate operation.These entities would have to transfer the surrounding adjacent garden land,forest land,grassland,or general cultivated land to achieve largescale land management.The land area of the adjacent gardens in a 1000 m farming radius could meet the moderate-scale operation demand of the vast majority of new business entities.For the vast majority of new business entities,the land area of the adjacent woodland,grassland,and general cultivated land could supplement the garden land to achieve moderate-scale operation in a 500 m farming radius.If the land area with moderate suitability and high suitability is prioritized,the land area in the adjacent gardens in the 1000 m farming radius could meet the moderate-scale operation demand for the vast majority of new business entities.Within the 500 m farming radius,the vast majority of new business entities have achieved moderate-scale operations if the land area adjacent to forest land,grassland,and general arable land was supplemented by gardens;however,a few entities could not achieve moderate-scale operations.From the village perspective,gardens were prioritized.Sixteen villages had planting areas and planting suitability that exceeded the average level of the study area,accounting for 23.53%.If combined with the reserve potential of the garden land,eight villages could improve their potential,accounting for 11.76%.Therefore,the conditions of large-scale citrus planting in the study area should be further improved,and the scale expansion of new citrus-planting business entities should receive additional scientific guidance.

The Effect of Perceived Anonymity on Online Transgressions:The Moderating Role of Moral Excuses

With the development of science and technology,the use of the Internet is becoming more and more widespread.However,with the popularity of the Internet,some problems have gradually surfaced.The anonymity of Internet use has become a breeding ground for many acts that are contrary to public decency,and this study is conducted against this background.This study explored the impact of perceived anonymity on online transgressions and investigated the moderating effect of moral excuses.A total of 414 subjects,210 males and 204 females,participated in this experimental survey.The SPSS data analysis concluded that perceived anonymity played a significant positive predictive role on online deviance(p<0.01),and the moderating role of moral excuses was not significant.This study will be conducive to the better implementation of the action of clearing cyberspace and to the regulation of public behaviour in cyberspace.

Reform Paths of Rural Land Property Rights System in the Context of Agricultural Modernization

The reform of rural land property rights system can promote large-scale and intensive agricultural production,improve the quality of laborers,improve agricultural production efficiency,increase farmers'income,and effectively promote the development of agricultural modernization.In the context of the reform of the"separation of three powers",the rural land property rights system still has problems in terms of ownership,use rights,disposal rights,and income rights,which affect the healthy development of agricultural modernization.In this situation,it is necessary to further clarify the subject of rural land ownership,thoroughly improve the right to use rural land,vigorously improve the right to dispose of rural land,effectively protect the right to benefit from rural land,and deeply promote the reform of the rural land property rights system in order to effectively promote the development of agricultural modernization.

肝细胞肝癌患者首次经动脉化疗栓塞术后中重度腹痛预测模型的构建及验证

目的:分析肝细胞肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)患者首次经动脉化疗栓塞术(transarterial chemoembolization,TACE)治疗后发生中重度腹痛的危险因素,并构建预测模型。方法:选取2021年1月—2023年6月首次接受TACE治疗的219例HCC患者。依据接受TACE治疗的时间先后顺序,按照7∶3将患者分为训练集(154例)和验证集(65例)。依据TACE术后是否发生中重度腹痛将训练集患者分为中重度腹痛组和无中重度腹痛组,比较两组的人口学及临床特征。采用Logistic回归分析HCC患者首次TACE治疗后发生中重度腹痛的危险因素,并构建预测模型。采用受试者工作特性(receiver operator characteristic,ROC)曲线法评估模型在训练集和验证集中对TACE术后出现中重度腹痛的预测效能。结果:训练集154例中,42例(27.3%)HCC患者TACE术后出现中重度腹痛。Logistic回归显示,肿瘤距肝包膜距离≤1 cm(P=0.001)、碘油使用量>10 mL(P <0.001)和使用无水酒精栓塞(P=0.007)是HCC患者首次TACE术后发生中重度腹痛的独立危险因素。预警模型为2.199×肿瘤距肝包膜距离+2.252×碘油使用量+1.637×使用无水酒精-3.829。模型在训练集和验证集中预测中重度腹痛的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.895和0.853。结论:肿瘤距肝包膜距离≤1 cm、碘油使用量>10 mL和使用无水酒精栓塞是HCC患者首次TACE术后发生中重度腹痛的危险因素。预测模型可为HCC患者首次TACE术后中重度腹痛管理提供依据。

托珠单抗联合泼尼松和甲氨蝶呤治疗难治性中重度类风湿关节炎临床评价

目的探讨托珠单抗联合泼尼松、甲氨蝶呤治疗难治性中重度类风湿关节炎(RA)的临床疗效。方法选取医院2020年3月至2022年3月收治的难治性中重度RA患者145例,采用分层随机法分为观察组(72例)和对照组(73例)。两组患者均口服醋酸泼尼松片、甲氨蝶呤片,观察组患者加用托珠单抗注射液静脉滴注。两组均连续治疗3个月。结果治疗后,两组患者的关节疼痛评分、肿胀评分均显著降低,晨僵持续时间均显著缩短,疾病活动指数28量表评分均显著降低,Fugl-Meyer运动功能评价量表评分均显著升高,类风湿因子、C反应蛋白水平及红细胞沉降率均显著降低,基质金属蛋白酶-3水平均显著降低,金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子-1水平均显著升高(P<0.05);且观察组患者上述指标改善程度均更显著(P<0.05)。观察组与对照组不良反应发生率相当(11.11%比8.22%,P>0.05)。结论托珠单抗联合泼尼松、甲氨蝶呤治疗难治性中重度RA,可有效缓解患者的关节炎性症状,降低血清炎性指标水平,改善关节活动能力和关节损伤。

农业产业集聚对农业碳排放的影响——基于环境规制的调节效应研究

利用2003—2020年中国31个省份的面板数据,通过构建回归方程模型并运用协整检验、系统GMM方法研究了农业产业集聚对农业碳排放的影响以及环境规制所发挥的调节效应。结果发现:在国家层面,农业碳排放受到农业产业集聚的影响显现出“非线性关系”,即随着农业产业集聚程度的上升,农业碳排放总量呈先上升后下降的倒“U”型特征,并且在农业产业集聚对农业碳排放的影响中显著受到了环境规制的调节效应;而在地区层面,东部、中部和西部地区的农业碳排放均受到农业产业集聚的影响显现出先上升后下降的倒“U”型特征,但环境规制在农业产业集聚对农业碳排放的影响中的调节效应仅在东部和西部地区显著存在。

人口老龄化与劳动力就业质量

推进就业优先战略、保障高质量充分就业是实现社会经济高质量发展、增进民生福祉的关键举措.与此同时,老龄化程度的加深对经济发展、产业结构与要素投入调整产生了广泛而深远的影响.为此,基于我国2006—2021年省级面板数据,运用熵值法对各省劳动力就业质量进行测算,并采用双向固定效应模型和调节效应模型探究了人口老龄化对高质量就业的影响.研究发现,人口老龄化抑制我国劳动力就业质量提升,人工智能的发展带来的外部环境和技术创新水平的提升可以削弱人口老龄化对就业质量的消极影响.