Mode switch between SFN and PTP for multicast services in LTE networks

The multimedia broadcast and multicast services (MBMS) in 3GPP LTE is characterized by multicast broadcast single frequency network (MBSFN) operation. The multicast services are transmitted by single frequency network (SFN) mode, and the unicast services are delivered with point-to-point (PTP) mode. To minimize the demanded radio resources for multicast services in the LTE, a novel mode switch (MS) between SFN and PTP for multicast services is proposed. MS takes into account PTP mode for multicast services and the switch is based on the handover threshold. To solve the minimization problem, MS adapts the handover threshold with the difference in the demanded radio resources between SFN mode and PTP mode for multicast services. The simulation results show that the proposed MS achieves less demanded radio resources than SFN mode for all the multicast services.

Improved Delay Priority Resource Scheduling with Low Packet Loss Rate for MBMS in LTE Systems

An improved delay priority resource scheduling algorithm with low packet loss rate for multimedia broadcast multicast service(MBMS)in long term evolution(LTE)systems is proposed in this paper.Real-time services in LTE systems require lower delay and packet loss rate.However,it is difficult to meet the QoS requirements of real-time services using the current MBMS resource scheduling algorithm.The proposed algorithm in this paper jointly considers user delay information and real-time channel conditions.By introducing the user delay information,the lower delay and fairness of users are guaranteed.Meanwhile,by considering the channel conditions of users,the packet loss rate can be effectively reduced,improving the system throughput.Simulation results show that under the premise of ensuring the delay requirements of real-time services,the proposed algorithm achieves a lower packet loss rate compared to other existing algorithms.Furthermore,it can achieve a good balance between system throughput and user fairness.

用于地面电视广播的5G NR MBMS物理层技术跟踪研究

3GPP Release14基于LTE的FeMBMS(也称EnTV项目)是第一个用于传输高塔高功率地面电视业务的移动宽带技术标准,在R16中,针对大台站间距的需求进行了相应的物理层性能提升。从系统架构角度,一种叫做"Receive-Only Mode"的技术模式为纯下行的free-to-air(FTA)业务形态或无SIM业务提供了支撑。但是这些优秀的能力目前仅仅在基于LTE架构FeMBMS技术下实现,R15开始的5G NR技术只针对单播,即传统的移动双向通信。因此后续基于5G NR架构,对用于HPHT场景的广播多播进行研究是非常有必要的,本文跟踪了国际上对于5G NR MBMS的最新研究进展情况,并与基于LTE的MBMS技术进行了分析比对研究。

Spectrum-Efficient and Fair Resource Scheduling for MBMS in LTE Systems

An improved spectrum-efficient and fair resource scheduling algorithm for multimedia broadcast multicast service(MBMS)in long term evolution(LTE)systems is proposed in this paper.By jointly considering the channel conditions of all the users,the average packet loss rate,and the fairness of users in the MBMS group,the transmission data rate of the MBMS group is first selected according to the link adaptation and the average packet loss rate of users.Then,the resource blocks are allocated to MBMS groups according to the scheduling priority.Such a resource scheduling algorithm further balances the system throughput and user fairness.Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve a good tradeoff between system throughput and user fairness in comparison with traditional scheduling algorithms.

Cross-layer design of LT codes and LDPC codes for satellite multimedia broadcast/multicast services

According to large coverage of satellites, there are various channel states in a satellite broadcasting network. In order to introduce an efficient rateless transmission method to satellite multimedia broadcasting/multicast services with finite-length packets, a cross-layer packet transmission method is proposed with Luby transform （LT） codes for efficiency in the network layer and low density parity check （LDPC） codes for reliability in the physical layer jointly. The codewords generated from an LT encoder are divided into finite-length packets, which are encoded by an LDPC encoder subsequently. Based on noise and fading effects of satellite channels, the LT packets received from an LDPC decoder either have no error or are marked as erased, which can be mod- eled as a binary erasure channels （BECs）. By theoretical analysis on LT parameters and LDPC parameters, the relationships between LDPC code rates in the physical layer and LT codes word lengths in the network layer are investigated. With tradeoffs between the LT codes word lengths and the LDPC code rates, optimized cross-layer solutions are achieved with a binary search algorithm. Verified by simulations, the proposed solution for cross-layer parameters design can provide the best transmission mode according to satellite states, so as to improve throughput performance for satellite multimedia transmission.

A Synthetic Decoding Method of 3GPP Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Services Raptor Codes

The 3GPP multimedia broadcast/multicast services(MBMS) standard takes Raptor codes as a way of channel coding and puts forward an efcient enhanced Gaussian elimination(EGE) for the Raptor decoder. However, the standard decoding method is not the most efcient. A few of researchers made some changes based on the standard decoding method and achieved considerable performance. In this paper, a synthetic decoding method is presented according to the existing enhanced decoding method and the simulation shows that the syn- thetic way outperforms any other ways.

Min-max load balancing scheme for mixed multicast and unicast services in LTE networks

To avoid the traffic congestion in long term evolution （LTE） networks, a min-max load balancing （LB） scheme is proposed to minimize the demanded radio resources of the maximum loaded cell. For the mixed multicast and unicast services, multicast services are transmitted by single frequency network （SFN） mode and unicast services are delivered with point-to-point （PTP） mode. The rain-max LB takes into account point-to-multipoint （PTM） mode for multicast services and selects the proper transmission mode between SFN and PTM for each multicast service to minimize the demanded radio resources of the maximum loaded cell. Based on the solution of this minimization problem, if the maximum loaded cell does not overload, the min-max LB will change PTM mode into SFN mode for mulficast services to achieve high quality of service （QoS）. Simulation results show that the proposed miu-max LB scheme requires less radio resources from the maximum loaded cell than SFN mode for all multicast services.