The techniques of in situ hybridization (ISH) are widely adopted for analyzing the genetic make_up and RNA expression patterns of individual cells. There are four main criterions for evaluating this technique, includi...The techniques of in situ hybridization (ISH) are widely adopted for analyzing the genetic make_up and RNA expression patterns of individual cells. There are four main criterions for evaluating this technique, including detection sensitivity, resolution, capacity and specificity. This review focuses on a number of advances made over the last years in the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). These advances can be catagorized into several branches as follows: (1) Multicolor_FISH (mFISH), including conventional mFISH, combinatorial FISH, ratio labelling FISH, multicolor chromosome painting and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH); (2) Extended DNA fiber_FISH (EDF_FISH), including quantitative DNA fiber mapping (QDFM), molecular combing (MC) and dynamic molecular combing (DMC); (3) In situ PCR_based FISH; (4) Bacterial (or yeast) artificial chromosome_FISH (BAC_FISH or YAC_FISH); (5) Tyramide signal amplification_FISH (TSA_FISH); (6) Polypeptide nucleic acid_FISH (PNA_FISH) and (7) padlock_FISH.展开更多
Partial amphiploids created by crossing common wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） and Thinopyrum ponticum （Podp.） Barkworth ＆ D. R. Dewey are important intermediates in wheat breeding because of their resistance to maj...Partial amphiploids created by crossing common wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） and Thinopyrum ponticum （Podp.） Barkworth ＆ D. R. Dewey are important intermediates in wheat breeding because of their resistance to major wheat diseases. In this study, we examined the chromosome compositions of five Xiaoyan-series wheat-Th, ponticum partial amphiploids （Xiaoyan 68, Xiaoyan 693, Xiaoyan 784, Xiaoyan 7430, and Xiaoyan 7631） using GISH, multicolor-GISH, and multicolor-FISH. We found several chromosome changes in these lines. For example, wheat chromosomes 1B and 2B were added in Xiaoyan 68 and Xiaoyan 7430, respectively, while wheat chromosome 6B was eliminated from Xiaoyan 693 and Xiaoyan 7631. Chromosome rearrangements were also detected in these amphiploids, including an interspecific translocation involving chromosome 4D and some intergenomic translocations, such as A--B and A--D translocations, among wheat genomes. Analysis of the Th. ponticum chromosomes in the amphiploids showed that some lines shared the same alien chromosomes. We also evaluated these partial amphiploids for resistance to nine races of stem rust, including TTKSK （commonly known as Ug99）. Three lines, Xiaoyan 68, Xiaoyan 784, and Xiaoyan 7430, exhibited excellent resistance to all nine races, and could therefore be valuable sources of stem rust resistance in wheat breeding.展开更多
文摘The techniques of in situ hybridization (ISH) are widely adopted for analyzing the genetic make_up and RNA expression patterns of individual cells. There are four main criterions for evaluating this technique, including detection sensitivity, resolution, capacity and specificity. This review focuses on a number of advances made over the last years in the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). These advances can be catagorized into several branches as follows: (1) Multicolor_FISH (mFISH), including conventional mFISH, combinatorial FISH, ratio labelling FISH, multicolor chromosome painting and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH); (2) Extended DNA fiber_FISH (EDF_FISH), including quantitative DNA fiber mapping (QDFM), molecular combing (MC) and dynamic molecular combing (DMC); (3) In situ PCR_based FISH; (4) Bacterial (or yeast) artificial chromosome_FISH (BAC_FISH or YAC_FISH); (5) Tyramide signal amplification_FISH (TSA_FISH); (6) Polypeptide nucleic acid_FISH (PNA_FISH) and (7) padlock_FISH.
基金Supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2009CB119105)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30571517)Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(08JCZDC20900)
基金supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31171539)the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China(No.2011AA1001)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(No.2013BAD05B01)
文摘Partial amphiploids created by crossing common wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） and Thinopyrum ponticum （Podp.） Barkworth ＆ D. R. Dewey are important intermediates in wheat breeding because of their resistance to major wheat diseases. In this study, we examined the chromosome compositions of five Xiaoyan-series wheat-Th, ponticum partial amphiploids （Xiaoyan 68, Xiaoyan 693, Xiaoyan 784, Xiaoyan 7430, and Xiaoyan 7631） using GISH, multicolor-GISH, and multicolor-FISH. We found several chromosome changes in these lines. For example, wheat chromosomes 1B and 2B were added in Xiaoyan 68 and Xiaoyan 7430, respectively, while wheat chromosome 6B was eliminated from Xiaoyan 693 and Xiaoyan 7631. Chromosome rearrangements were also detected in these amphiploids, including an interspecific translocation involving chromosome 4D and some intergenomic translocations, such as A--B and A--D translocations, among wheat genomes. Analysis of the Th. ponticum chromosomes in the amphiploids showed that some lines shared the same alien chromosomes. We also evaluated these partial amphiploids for resistance to nine races of stem rust, including TTKSK （commonly known as Ug99）. Three lines, Xiaoyan 68, Xiaoyan 784, and Xiaoyan 7430, exhibited excellent resistance to all nine races, and could therefore be valuable sources of stem rust resistance in wheat breeding.
