Multislice computed tomography angiography in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease

Multislice CT angiography represents one of the most exciting technological revolutions in cardiac imaging and it has been increasingly used in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Rapid improvements in multislice CT scanners over the last decade have allowed this technique to become a potentially effective alternative to invasive coronary angiography in patients with suspected coronary artery disease. High diagnostic value has been achieved with multislice CT angiography with use of 64- and more slice CT scanners. In addition, multislice CT angiography shows accurate detection and analysis of coronary calcium, characterization of coronary plaques, as well as prediction of the disease progression and major cardiac events. Thus, patients can benefit from multislice CT angiography that provides a rapid and accurate diagnosis while avoiding unnecessary invasive coronary angiography procedures. The aim of this article is present an overview of the clinical applications of multislice CT angiography in coronary artery disease with a focus on the diagnostic accuracy of coronary artery disease; prognostic value of coronary artery disease with regard to the prediction of major cardiac events; detection and quantification of coronary calcium and characterization of coronary plaques. Limitations of multislice CT angiography in coronary artery disease are also briefly discussed, and future directions are highlighted.

Computed tomography-guided catheter drainage with urokinase and ozone in management of empyema

AIM To retrospectively compare the outcomes of catheter drainage,urokinase and ozone in management of empyema.METHODS Retrospective study included 209 patients(111 males and 98 females; age range 19 to 72 years) who were diagnosed with empyema.The patients were divided into 3 groups based on the therapy instituted: catheter drainage only(group I); catheter drainage and urokinase(group II); catheter drainage,urokinase and ozone(group III).Drainage was considered successful if empyema was resolved with closure of cavity,clinical symptoms were resolved,and need for any further surgical procedure was avoided.Success rate,length of stay(LOS),need for further surgery and hospital costs were compared between the three groups using the Kruskall-Wallis nonparametric test,with P < 0.05 considered significant.RESULTS Of the 209 patients with empyema,all catheters were placed successfully under CT guidance.Sixty-three patients were treated with catheters alone(group I),64 with catheters and urokinase(group II),and 82 with catheters,urokinase and ozone(group III).Group I,group II and group III had success rates of 62%,83% and 95% respectively(P < 0.05).Group I and groupII had statistically longer LOS(P < 0.05) and higher hospital costs(P < 0.05) compared to group III.There were statistically significant differences between the three groups when comparing patients who converted into further surgery.CONCLUSION The combination of chest tube drainage,urokinase and ozone is a safe and effective therapeutic modality in thoracic empyema.

SPECTRUM OF FUNCTIONING ISLET CELL TUMOR ON MULTISLICE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY:EXPERIENCE ON 70 PATIENTS

Objective To review experience in preoperative detection of islet cell tumors using multislice computed tomography （MSCT） and summarize various imaging features of functioning islet cell tumors on enhanced MSCT. Methods Seventy patients with clinical or pathological diagnosis of functioning pancreatic islet cell tumor between October 2003 and February 2007 were included in this retrospective study. Seventy-four enhanced MSCT scans in these patients were identified. All MSCT scans were interpreted by two experienced radiologists by consensus interpretation. Surgery and pathology reports were used to confirm the diagnosis, localization, and size of tumors. Results Totally, 73 functioning islet cell tumors including 65 benign insulinomas, 2 benign glucagonomas, 3 malignant insulinomas, and 3 malignant glucagonomas were pathologically diagnosed. Tumors in only two cases were not found by MSCT. In 67 benign lesions, 32 showed typical enhancement style, 21 showed prolonged enhancement in portal venous phase, 4 showed delayed enhancement, 4 had iso-dense enhancement with normal pancreatic parenchyma, 2 had no enhancement at all in arterial phase and portal venous phase, and 4 had inhomogeneous enhancement with necrosis or cyst-formation. Patchy or spotty calcifications were found in 3 of the 67 tumors. In 6 malignant islet cell tumors, vessel invasion （2/6） and bowel invasion （1/6） were seen. Different enhancement patterns were shown. All hepatic metastases showed hyper-enhancement during their arterial phase. Conelttsions Pancreatic islet cell tumor may display a wide spectrum of presentations in MSCT. Tumors with unusual appearances often present as diagnostic challenges. Non-contrast and post-contrast multiphase scans are recommended for the localization of functioning islet cell tumors.

Computed tomography-guided radiofrequency ablation of the retained iodized oil after simultaneous combination with transarterial embolization in small recurrent or residual hepatocellular carcinoma

Objective:To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of transarterial embolization(TAE)in simultaneous combination with computed tomography(CT)-guided radiofrequency ablation(RFA)for recurrent or residual hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and to determine the risk factors influencing local tumor progression following this procedure.Methods:One hundred eighteen patients with recurrent or residual HCC(tumor size,10–30 mm)underwent RFA.During the 19-month follow-up,59 patients received RFA only(RFA group),and the remaining 59 received RFA immediately after TAE(TAE+RFA group).All patients were followed up to observe the short-term therapeutic effects and complications.The cumulative local tumor progression rates in both groups were calculated using unpaired Student’s t tests and the Kaplan-Meier method.Results:The rate of major complications was 5.08%in the TAE+RFA group and 3.39%in the RFA group.The overall response rate was 96.61%in the TAE+RFA group and 79.66%in the RFA group(P=0.008).The disease control rate was significantly higher in the TAE+RFA group than in the RFA group(94.92%vs.79.66%,P=0.024).The median time to local tumor progression was 4.8 months in the RFA group and 9.6 months in the TAE+RFA group.The cumulative local tumor progression rate at 1 year was 10.60%in the RFA group and 23.60%in the TAE+RFA group(P=0.016).Conclusion:TAE in simultaneous combination with CT-guided RFA was effective and safe against recurrent or residual HCC.Local tumor progression can be minimized by the complete ablation of targeted iodized oil deposits after simultaneous TAE.

Computed Tomography-Guided Virtual Stereotactic Puncture and Catheter Drainage for a Brainstem Pontine Hemorrhage: A Case Report

Background: Patients with severe hypertensive brainstem hemorrhages have poor prognoses if they only receive conservative medical management. In contrast, aggressive operative interventions may decrease the morbidity and mortality in such patients. These operative treatments include craniotomy for evacuation of the hematoma, stereotactic positioning, and neuronavigational-guided hemorrhage puncture and drainage. Here, we report a novel and relatively simple procedure to achieve satisfactory outcomes in a patient with a brainstem pontine hemorrhage. Case Presentation: A 53-year-old man who was diagnosed with brainstem pontine hemorrhage. On hospital day 6, he underwent CT-guided, virtual stereotactic puncture and catheter drainage of this brainstem pontine hemorrhage. Medical treatments were continued after this procedure. On postoperative day 16 (hospital day 22), the patient was discharged from the hospital, awake and able to answer questions appropriately. Muscle strengths were grades V and IV for the left and right extremities, respectively. The patient was continued with active rehabilitation and achieved a Barthel index of 85 points at one month after the percutaneous drainage procedure. Conclusion: CT-guided, virtual stereotactic percutaneous transcranial puncture and catheter drainage for brainstem pontine hemorrhages has obvious potential advantages and offers a possible alternative to achieve the best outcomes with minimal operative trauma compared to open microcraniotomy.

Coronary computed tomography angiography in coronary artery disease

AIM: To investigate the research directions of coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) based on a systematic review of the literature.METHODS: A search of articles on coronary CT angiography in the diagnosis of CAD was performed during a 6-year-period between 2005 and 2010 from f ive main radiology journals namely, Radiology, American Journal of Roentgenology, European Radiology, European Journal of Radiology and British Journal of Radiology. Analysis of the references was focused on the research directions of coronary CT angiography with regard to the type of studies in terms of diagnostic value, application of dose-reduction strategies and resultant effective radiation doses with use of these techniques.RESULTS: One hundred and forty two studies were identified which met the selection criteria and were included in the analysis. 64-slice CT (single source anddual-source CT) dominated 78% of the coronary CT angiography studies. Prior to 2007, research was focused on the diagnostic value of coronary CT angiography, but since 2008 more attention has been paid to radiation dose reduction. Radiation dose was reported in 64 studies, representing 45% of total studies published in the f ive radiology journals. Various dose-saving strategies have been implemented and prospective electrocardiography-triggering and high pitch techniques were found to be the most effective approaches for radiation dose reduction, with the corresponding mean effective dose being 3.5 ± 1.9 mSv and 1.7 ± 0.6 mSv, respectively.CONCLUSION: This review shows that the current research in coronary CT angiography has shifted from the previous focus on diagnostic accuracy in CAD to more emphasis on radiation dose reduction.

Multislice spiral CT angiography in evaluation of liver transplantation candidates

BACKGROUND: Orthotopic liver transplantation has be- come the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage liver disease. This study was designed to study whether multislice spiral CT angiography (MSCTA) could be used for preoperative evaluation for orthotopic liver transplanta- tion candidates. METHODS: Eighty consecutive potential candidates for liver transplantation were evaluated with dual-phase three-di- mensional CT angiography (3DCTA). The arterial-phase was used to create vascular maps of the celiac axis (inclu- ding the origin of the hepatic common artery, left gastric artery and splenic artery) and origin of the superior mesen- teric artery. The portal venous-phase was used to analyze portal vein thrombosis and collateral vascularization of the portal vein. Statistical analyses were made using the chi- square test for differences between hepatic arterial anatomy of 80 patients and Michel's anatomy of 200 patients. Appearance of MSCTA and operative results of 16 patients were analyzed. RESULTS; Sixty-two patients (77.5%) showed conven- tional and 18 (22.5%) nonconventional hepatic arterial anatomy. A significant difference was found between the two groups in anatomy of the hepatic artery (P <0.05). Celiac axis stenosis was observed in 6 patients, SA aneu- rysm in 2, small-caliber hepatic arterial vessels in 2, and portal vein thrombosis in 15. Vascular structures of 16 ope- rative patients were well defined. CONCLUSION: As a noninvasive examination, MSCTA can provide a comprehensive preoperative vascular evalua- tion for liver transplantation candidates.

Computed Tomography Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis—Pictorial Essay

Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency with varied clinical presentations. Early diagnosis is absolutely necessary to minimize morbidity whereas delayed or missed diagnosis can cause adverse consequences. Computed tomography is a highly accurate imaging technique for diagnosing appendicitis. Hence it plays a valuable role in selected patients with suspected appendicitis;[1]. In this essay, we review the normal Computed tomography anatomy of the appendix and the right lower quadrant and illustrate the Computed tomography signs of appendicitis and important differential diagnostic entities. The Computed tomography appearance of complications of acute appendicitis is also presented, as are issues concerning clinical presentation and duration of the symptoms. Computed tomography signs can be varied and overlooked as they say what is easy to see is also easy to miss.

Quantitative and qualitative assessment of non-obstructive left main coronary artery plaques using 64-multislice computed tomography compared with intravascular ultrasound

Background There are few reports of quantitative and qualitative measuring of left main coronary artery （LMCA） plaques by multislice computed tomography coronary angiography （MSCTA）, especially when compared with intravascular ultrasound （IVUS） as reference standard. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of 64-MSCTA in the diagnosis of LMCA disease, and the accuracy of MSCTA in the quantitative and qualitative assessment of the LMCA lesion as compared with IVUS.Methods A total of 91 patients （53 men, 38 women, mean age （64.78±9.19） years） were examined by 64-MSCTA and IVUS. Compared with the IVUS, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values （PPV and NPV） of the MSCTA on the diagnosis of LMCA diseases were calculated. Also, kappa index （K） for the agreement between MSCTA and IVUS was calculated. Minimal lumen area （MLA）, external elastic membrane cross-sectional area （EEM-CSA） and plaque burden were measured by two blinded and independent operators on MSCTA cross-sectional reconstruction and compared with the parameters measured from IVUS by manually tracing. The CT value of soft, fibrous and calcific plaques was measured using IVUS classification of the plaques.Results The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of MSCTA for detecting LMCA plaques were 93.1%, 84.2%, 95.7%, 76.2%, respectively. Kappa index （K=0.744, P〈0.001） indicated excellent agreement between MSCTA and IVUS. The Pearson index between MLA on IVUS and MLA on MSCTA was 0.815 （P 〈0.01）. The Pearson index of plaque burden and EEM-CSA between IVUS and MSCTA was 0.736 and 0.740 respectively （both P 〈0.01）. The CT value of soft plaque, fibrous plaque and calcific plaque compared with IVUS were （52.52±15.71） HU, （108.32±43.44） HU and （604.16±377.67） HU （P〈0.001）. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of CT value of non-calcific plaques for predicting soft plaques showed the cutpoint was 54.35 HU, with a sensitivity of 83.3% and specificity of 94.4%. Conclusions Sixty-four section MSCTA is an effective diagnostic tool for the detection of LMCA plaques with higher sensitivity and specificity. The correlation of quantitative and qualitative analysis between MSCTA and IVUS was excellent. The CT value of plaques can help the diagnosis of plaque composition.

Role of contrast enhanced ultrasound in detection of abdominal aortic abnormalities in comparison with multislice computed tomography

Conventional ultrasound （US） is the most widely used imaging modality in routine clinical practice worldwide. The limitations of conventional ultrasound in the detection of aortic lesions versus multi-slice computed tomography angiography （MS-CTA） are well known.

The accuracy and optimal slice thickness of multislice helical computed tomography for right and left ventricular volume measurement

Background Multislice helical computed tomography (MSCT) has been used to depict coronary anatomy noninvasively, and proved useful for evaluating ventricular function. The aim of our study was to assess the accuracy of ventricular volume as measured by MSCT.Methods Fourteen human left ventricular (LV) and 15 right ventricular (RV) casts were scanned by MSCT. A series of LV and RV short-axis images were reconstructed later with slice thickness of 2.0 mm, 3.5 mm, 5.0 mm, 7.0 mm, and 10.0 mm. Ventricular volume was calculated by the multislice tomographic Simpson’s method. True LV and RV cast volumes were determined by water displacement. Results Both calculated LV and RV volumes correlated highly with the corresponding true volumes (all r>0.95, P<0.01). But with slice thickness from 2.0 mm to 10.0 mm, MSCT scanning overestimated the corresponding true volume by (3.21±5.95) ml to (12.58±8.56) ml for LV and (10.22±8.45) ml to (23.91±12.24) ml for RV (all P<0.01). There was a very high correlation between the overestimation and the selected slice thickness for both LV and RV volume measurements (r=0.998 and 0.996, P<0.01, respectively). However, when slice thickness was reduced to 5.0 mm, the overestimation for both LV and RV volume measurements became nonsignificant for slice thickness from 2.0 mm to 5.0 mm. Conclusions Both LV and RV volumes can be accurately estimated by MSCT. Thinner slice has more accurate calculated volume. However, 5.0 mm slice thickness is thin enough for an accurate measurement of LV or RV volume.

Experimental Computed Tomography-guided Vena Cava Puncture in Pigs for Percutaneous Brachytherapy of Middle Mediastinal Lymph Node Metastases

Background： Percutaneous brachytherapy is a valuable method for the treatment of lung cancer and mediastinal lymph nodes metastasis. However, in some of the metastatic lymph nodes in the middle mediastinum, the percutaneous approach cannot be used safely due to possible damage to surrounding anatomical structures. We established an animal model （group of 12 pigs） to assess the safety and feasibility of computed tomography （CT）-guided vena cava puncture. Methods： Under CT guidance, an 18G needle was used to puncture the anterior wall of the anterior vena cava （AVC） in 12 pigs. The 18G needle was chosen as it is similar in size to the needles employed for clinical application in brachytherapy. The incidence of complications and vital signs was monitored during the procedure. Thoracotomy was performed to remove AVC specimens, which were analyzed for histological evidence of vessel wall damage and repair. Results： Following postoperative enhanced CT, two animals were found to have a small pneumothorax （one being hemopneumothorax）. The intraoperative oxygen saturation of both animals was not significantly decreased and was maintained at 93-100%. No animals developed mediastinal hematoma. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative changes in blood pressure, heart rate, hemoglobin, and blood oxygen saturation were not significant. Histological evaluation of AVC specimens showed that by 7 days following the procedure, the endothelial layer was smooth with notable scar repair in the muscularis layer. Conclusions： CT performed after the procedure and histological preparations confirmed the safety of the procedure. This indicates that percutaneous brachytherapy for metastatic middle mediastinal lymph nodes can be carried out via the superior vena cava.

外伤性脾破裂的诊断与三阶梯治疗研究进展

外伤性脾破裂的诊断首选多层螺旋CT(multislice spiral computed tomography,MSCT),扩展创伤超声重点评估、MRI、血红蛋白浓度监测可与其互为补充。伤情判定主要依据美国创伤外科协会脾外伤5级评估标准和中华医学会外科学分会脾外伤4级评估标准。三阶梯治疗策略包括非手术治疗、腹腔镜手术治疗和开腹手术治疗3个层级,依据血流动力学状态、创伤分级标准、是否合并其他脏器伤等因素筛选分层治疗方法,有利于减少手术创伤及其并发症,提高无创及微创治愈率。

多层螺旋CT对胃肠道间质瘤的诊断价值及危险因素分析

目的 探讨多层螺旋CT(multislice spiral computed tomography,MSCT)对胃肠道间质瘤(gastrointestinal stromal tumor,GIST)的诊断价值及其危险度的影响因素。方法 选取2021年6月至2022年11月湖州市中心医院收治的118例疑似GIST患者,均进行MSCT检查和病理学检查,以病理诊断为金标准,分析MSCT检查诊断GIST的效能。多因素分析探讨GIST患者危险度的影响因素。结果 118例疑似患者经病理诊断确诊GIST 103例,MSCT诊断GIST的敏感度、特异性及准确度分别为97.09%、86.67%及95.76%。高危组和低危组患者的肿瘤最大直径、肿瘤形状、肿瘤边界、肿瘤密度、囊变坏死情况、脂肪间隙比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素分析结果显示肿瘤最大直径、肿瘤形状、肿瘤密度和脂肪间隙均是GIST危险度的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 MSCT诊断GIST的准确度较高,肿瘤最大直径、肿瘤形状、肿瘤密度和脂肪间隙均是GIST危险度的影响因素。

视网膜母细胞瘤MSCT MRI表现及其诊断价值分析

目的:对比多层螺旋电子计算机断层扫描(MSCT)、磁共振成像(MRI)检测方法在视网膜母细胞瘤(Rb)检测中的诊断价值。方法:选择2019年1月到2023年6月期间于我院治疗的125例疑似Rb患者,采用MSCT、MRI进行检测,通过病理检测结果为诊断金标准,分析不同检测方法对Rb检测的灵敏度、特异度、准确性,以及与病理检测结果的一致性。结果:患者经MRI、MSCT、病理检测的Rb阳性率分别为44.00%(55/125)、52.80%(66/125)、45.60%(57/125),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);MRI检测结果与病理检测结果比对的Kappa值为0.644,低于MSCT检测的Kappa值0.729;MRI检测的灵敏度为78.94%,低于MSCT检测的灵敏度92.98%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);MRI检测的特异度(85.29%)高于MSCT检测(80.88%),准确率(82.40%)低于MSCT检测(86.40%),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);MSCT视野下Rb患者眼球壁有不规则增厚,玻璃体腔内见不规则片状软组织密度影,病灶内见斑片状钙化;MRI视野下Rb患者眼环不均匀增厚,玻璃体腔内可见不规则团片状异常信号影,T1WI呈等信号,T2WI呈稍高、低混杂信号影,增强扫描见病灶明显不均匀强化。结论:与MRI检测相比,MSCT检测与病理检测结果的一致性高,并具有更高的灵敏度,具有较高的诊断价值。

多层螺旋CT轴位与两种图像后处理技术在肋骨骨折诊断的准确性分析

目的 分析层螺旋CT轴位与两种图像后处理技术在肋骨骨折诊断的准确性。方法 收集2020年8月至2021年8月期间我院入住且符合本研究纳入标准的肋骨骨折患者80例,以随机数表法将患者进行分组,组别设为对照组(40例)、观察组(40例),对照组使用多层螺旋CT轴位检查,观察组在多层螺旋CT轴位检查的基础上加入图像后处理技术,对比两组检验准确率以及检验各项指标。结果 以手术病理诊断作为金标准,观察组检验准确率100.00%显著高于对照组90.00%,P<0.05;以病理诊断作为金标准,观察组骨折不同部位诊断准确率与对照组对比无统计学差异,P>0.05;观察组合并其他损伤检出率为87.50%,较对照组检出率55.56%得到显著提升,P<0.05;观察组检查时间与对照组对比无较大差异,P>0.05。观察组诊断图像处理时间、诊断费用高于对照组,P<0.05。结论 肋骨骨折诊断的过程中使用多层螺旋CT轴位检查具有较高的检验准确率,可以对骨折类型进行判断,但是对于隐匿性骨折检验的准确率不足,因此加入两种图像后处理技术,通过VR、SSD三维重建,对图像进行更加科学的处理,提升诊断质量,值得临床推广普及。

多层螺旋CT多平面重建诊断急性肠梗阻病因的价值

目的探讨多层螺旋CT多平面重建对急性肠梗阻病因的诊断价值。资料与方法对83例临床疑似肠梗阻的患者,运用多层螺旋CT扫描行多平面重建成像,并将其诊断结果与手术、病理进行对照。结果83例中66例手术,对照手术病理,多层螺旋CT诊断肠梗阻的准确率为100%,肠梗阻病因诊断正确率84·8%,包括:肠道肿瘤24例,粘连性肠梗阻17例,肠扭转6例,肠系膜血管栓塞2例,胆石性肠梗阻6例,粪石性肠梗阻3例,脐疝2例,腹股沟疝3例,阑尾炎2例,腹腔脓肿1例。结论多层螺旋CT扫描多平面重建成像能更清晰地显示急性肠梗阻病变,提高了CT对急性肠梗阻病因的诊断能力。

血管环伴气管狭窄的多层螺旋CT诊断

目的探讨多层螺旋CT在由血管环畸形造成气管狭窄中的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析99例血管环畸形的多层螺旋CT影像资料,行最大密度及最小密度投影重建观察异常走行的血管及有无气管狭窄。结果 52例肺动脉吊带中有46例伴有气管狭窄,CT表现为左肺动脉异常起源于右肺动脉,向后向左走行于气管和食管之间,致使左肺动脉环绕并压迫气管,造成气管狭窄。22例双主动脉弓中18例伴有气管狭窄,CT表现为升主动脉在气管前分左、右主动脉弓,分别跨过左、右支气管在气管后方汇合,形成完整的血管环。1例右弓伴食管后动脉导管伴有气管狭窄,CT表现为主动脉弓位于气管右侧,动脉导管起源于降主动脉近端,并向左走行于食道后方,绕过食道后向前连接于左肺动脉起始部,形成血管环。24例右弓、迷走左锁骨下动脉、左侧动脉导管或动脉导管韧带中18例伴有气管狭窄,CT表现为右弓、迷走左锁骨下动脉及左侧动脉导管或动脉导管韧带三者包绕气管及食管形成血管环。结论血管环畸形常伴有气管狭窄,多层螺旋CT既能很好地显示大血管异常解剖结构,也能精确的评价气管狭窄的情况。

脐尿管病变多层螺旋CT影像学征象及其临床诊断价值

目的:探讨脐尿管病变的多层螺旋CT(MSCT)影像学征象及其临床诊断价值。方法:对中南大学湘雅二医院2007年10月至2011年5月经手术及病理证实的脐尿管病变26例进行回顾性分析,包括病灶大小、部位、形态、Retzius间隙影像变化及增强后的影像学特征。结果:单纯性脐尿管囊肿12例,MSCT表现为长条、椭圆形或囊状包块,囊壁薄、光滑;脐尿管囊肿并感染5例,囊壁明显增厚,灶周Retzius间隙内可见絮状或条索状密度增高影;脐尿管窦道并感染2例;脐尿管漏并感染3例;脐尿管癌4例,均位于膀胱顶壁区中线处,呈不规则囊实性软组织肿块影,增强后明显强化,2例伴有钙化,4例均侵犯膀胱前壁或顶壁,1例累及回肠及直肠、子宫附件并腹膜后淋巴结广泛转移。结论:脐尿管病变MSCT影像学表现有一定的特征性,MSCT能够明确病变的部位、形态、范围及其与邻近组织结构的关系,可提高对脐尿管病变的诊断和鉴别诊断的能力。

MSCTE和MSCTA联合运用在小肠梗阻病因诊断中的价值

目的探讨多层CT小肠造影(MSCTE)和多层CT血管造影(MSCTA)联合运用在小肠梗阻病因诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析57例行MSCTE和MSCTA检查,并经过手术和病理检查证实为小肠梗阻患者的影像学资料。使用Siemens Somatom Sensation 64层螺旋CT进行检查,经过后处理方法[多平面重建(MPR)、最大密度投影(MIP)、容积再现技术(VRT)、曲面重建法(CPR)],分析其图像在小肠梗阻病因诊断中的作用。结果所有病例中,肿瘤15例,粘连14例,腹外疝8例,炎症6例,内疝或扭转5例,肠套叠3例,胆石或粪石4例,血管性2例。组Ⅰ:常规横断位结合MPR、CPR对病因诊断的准确性为89.5%(51/57);组Ⅱ:常规横断位结合MPR、CPR和CTA技术(VRT、MIP)对病因诊断的准确性为94.7%(54/57);组Ⅱ的诊断准确性明显高于组Ⅰ(P<0.05)。结论 MSCTA和MSCTE的联合运用可以明显提高小肠梗阻病因诊断的准确性,具有较高的临床应用价值。