Musculoskeletal Ultrasonography for the Assessment of Combined Drug Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis

Background: To evaluate the effect of treatment on musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) and explore whether MSUS are associated with therapeutic response in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with Tofacitinib in combination with methotrexate (MTX). Methods: We enrolled 102 RA patients treated with Tofacitinib in combination with MTX from a multicenter, exploratory, short-term, prospective and observational ultrasound cohort study of patients who received biologic or targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) therapy. We evaluated the patients’ clinical disease activity and musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) scores. The serum concentrations of two venous blood inflammatory indicators were evaluated (c-reactive protein [CRP], erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR]) by multiplex bead assays at baseline, 3, and 6?months: the change over 6?months was defined as the P value. Before MSUS score treatment, an associate chief physician tested the wrist joints of each patient at the first treatment, and the attending physician with 3 years of MSUS experience and 7 years of work experience also performed semi-quantitative scores on the same RA patients and tested the consistency of the results. Results: Tofacitinib in combination with MTX significantly improved the clinical disease activity and MSUS score over 6?months. Serum ESR and CRP were significantly elevated at 6?months after the Tofacitinib in combination with MTX introduction (P P P Conclusions: MSUS scores may be useful for predicting RA patients’ therapeutic responses to abatacept.

Utility of point-of-care musculoskeletal ultrasound in the evaluation of emergency department musculoskeletal pathology

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the utilization of point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS) for the assessment of emergency department(ED) patients with musculoskeletal symptoms and the impact of musculoskeletal POCUS on medical decision-making and patient management in the ED.METHODS: This was a retrospective review of ED patients presenting with musculoskeletal symptoms who received a POCUS over a 3.5-year period. An ED POCUS database was reviewed for musculoskeletal POCUS examinations used for medical decision-making. Electronic medical records were then reviewed for demographic characteristics, history, physical examination findings, ED course, additional imaging studies, and impact of musculoskeletal POCUS on patient management in ED. RESULTS: A total of 264 subjects(92 females, 172 males) and 292 musculoskeletal POCUS examinations were included in the fi nal analysis. Most common symptomatic sites were knee(31.8%) and ankle(16.3%). Joint effusion was the most common fi nding on musculoskeletal POCUS, noted in 33.7% of the patients, and subcutaneous edema/cobblestoning was found in 10.2% of the patients. Muscle or tendon rupture was found in 2.3% of the patients, and 1.9% of the patients had joint dislocation. Bursitis or bursa fluid was found in 3.4% of patients, and tendonitis/tendinopathy was found in 2.3%. Twenty percent of them were ultrasound-guided musculoskeletal procedures, and most of them(73.3%) were arthrocentesis. Of the included studies, all except three either changed or helped guide patient management as documented in the patients' medical records.CONCLUSION: Our study fi ndings illustrate the utility of POCUS in the evaluation of a variety of musculoskeletal pathologies in the ED.

Comparative study for predictability of type 1 gastric variceal rebleeding after endoscopic variceal ligation:High-frequency intraluminal ultrasound study

BACKGROUND The efficacy of endoscopic ultrasonography for the follow-up of gastric varices treated with endoscopic variceal ligation(EVL)has not been established.AIM To evaluate the diagnostic correlation of esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD)and high-frequency intraluminal ultrasound(HFIUS)for type 1 gastric varices(GOV1)after EVL and to identify the predictability for rebleeding of EGD and HFIUS.METHODS In liver cirrhosis patients with GOV1,we performed endoscopic follow-up using EGD and HFIUS synchronously after EVL for hemorrhage from GOV1.Endoscopic grading and red color signs were analyzed using EGD,and the largest variceal cross-sectional areas were measured using HFIUS.In addition,1-year follow-up was performed.Variceal rebleeding was defined as the presence of hematemesis,hematochezia,or melena without other evidence of bleeding on endoscopic follow-up.RESULTS In 26 patients with GOV1,variceal cross-sectional areas on HFIUS of GOV1 was poorly correlated with EGD grading of GOV1(r=0.36).In 17 patients who completed the 1-year follow-up,variceal cross-sectional areas on HFIUS was a good predictor of subsequent rebleeding,whereas EGD grading was not a predictor of subsequent rebleeding.CONCLUSION HFIUS measurement is more predictive of GOV1 rebleeding than EGD grading,so HFIUS measurement may be necessary for endoscopic follow-up after EVL in patients with GOV1.

Application Value of High-Frequency Ultrasound and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis with Different TCM Syndromes

Objective: To explore the application value of high-frequency ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound in different syndrome types of knee osteoarthritis, and to provide more imaging evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Method: Sixty patients with KOA were selected according to TCM classification, which were mainly divided into Qi stagnation and blood stasis type and cold-dampness blockage type. All knee joints were routinely examined by high frequency ultrasound, and those with synovial hyperplasia were examined by contrast-enhanced ultrasound. High frequency ultrasound is the examination of synovium, cartilage and collateral ligament of knee joint based on two-dimensional ultrasound. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) refers to the contrast examination of synovium in knee joint patients with synovial hyperplasia. Result: Among them, the suprapatellar sac effusion and synovial thickening of Qi stagnation and blood stasis type were more obvious than those of cold-dampness arthralgia type (P < 0.05), and the degree of wear of the intercondylar cartilage of cold-dampness arthralgia type was more obvious than that of Qi stagnation. The blood stasis type is heavier and the meniscus bulge is higher (P < 0.05). The radiography of synovial hyperplasia showed that the area under the curve of Qi stagnation and blood stasis type was higher than that of cold dampness arthralgia type (P < 0.05), and the peak time was significantly shorter than that of cold dampness arthralgia type. There was no statistical difference in effective peak gradient and onset time of type (P > 0.05). Conclusion: To a certain extent, the high-frequency ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound performance of knee osteoarthritis can be used as a dialectical reference for different TCM syndrome types.

Development of a High-frequency Ultrasound System for High-speed Image Scanning

High-frequency image technique has been widely applied in medical diagnosis recently. For high voltage protection, high speed stage and trigger control circuitry are difficult to implement a high-frequency ultrasound imaging system. In this study, we utilized a linear servo with high noise tolerance and a novel multi-depth expression method to overcome those issues in developed high-speed image system. B-mode image of the chicken phantom by 25 MHz transducer shows the resolution of lateral and axial resolutions are up to 123 μm and 59 μm respectively. In addition, the experiment demonstrates that the axial resolution and depth of field (DOF) can be improved by time gain compensation(TGC) and multi-depth method. The results indicate that the proposed system could achieve over 24 fps for 1 mm scan distance and 100 lines per frame. In the future, the developed system is potential for other clinical applications such as ophthalmology and dermatology.

Efficacy evaluation of high-frequency ultrasound in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy with α-lipoic acid combined with traditional Chinese medicine package treatment

Objective:To use high-frequency ultrasound to evaluate the efficacy ofα-lipoic acid combined with traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN),so as to provide a basis for clinical medication and evaluation of therapeutic effect.Methods:From December 2018 to December 2019,110 patients with DPN who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into observation group and control group according to different treatment plans.The control group was treated withα-lipoic acid,and the observation group was treated withα-lipoic acid combined with traditional Chinese medicine encapsulation treatment,and used high-frequency ultrasound,nerve conduction velocity and serological examination to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of the two treatment methods.Results:The mean amplitude of glycemic excursions(MAGE)value of the observation group and the control group after treatment was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05);After treatment,the SCV of the ulnar nerve,median nerve,and common peroneal nerve in the two groups was significantly faster than before treatment(P<0.05).Similar to SCV,the MCV of the three nerves measured after treatment in the two groups was significantly faster than before treatment(P<0.05).Compared between the groups after treatment,the three kinds of nerve SCV and MCV in the observation group were significantly faster than those in the control group(P<0.05).The cross-sectional area(CSA)value of the ulnar nerve,median nerve and common peroneal nerve in the observation group after treatment was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05).Compared with the control group after treatment,the three nerves CSA in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Abnormal ultrasound performance:The proportion of abnormal ultrasound performances of the ulnar nerve,median nerve,and common peroneal nerve in the observation group after treatment was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05).The composition ratio of internal echo reduction and ambiguity in the observation group after three nerve treatments was significantly lower than that in the control group after treatment(P<0.05).In the correlation analysis,the three kinds of nerve CSA before and after treatment were negatively correlated with SCV and amplitude(P<0.05),and positively correlated with latency(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination ofα-lipoic acid and Chinese medicine encapsulation technology has a good effect on the treatment and repair of DPN nerve damage,and can be routinely applied in clinical treatment.High-frequency ultrasound can intuitively observe changes in peripheral nerves and can be used to evaluate the prognosis of DPN.

Analysis of High-Frequency Ultrasound in the differential Diagnosis of Lumps in Foot and Hand

Objective:To investigate the ultrasonogram characteristics of common lumps in hand and foot,pursuing for greater understanding of hand and foot lumps.Methods:65 cases of ultrasonographic characteristics of lumps in hand and foot were retrospectively analyzed,including the location,size,shape,boundary,internal echo and posterior echo,surrounding relationship and blood flow.Results:Among 65 cases,there were 26 cases of tendon sheath cyst,16 cases of tenosynovitis giant cell tumor,10 cases of hemangioma,4 cases of tendon sheath fibroma,3 cases of epidermoid cyst,2 cases of Schwannoma,2 cases of fibrolipoma,1 case of angiolipoma and 1 case of neurofibroma.The preoperative and postoperative pathological diagnoses of 45 cases,accounting for 69.23%,were consistent,3 cases(4.62%)were misdiagnosed,which included that 2 cases of tenosynovitis giant cell tumor were misdiagnosed as tendon sheath cyst,1 case of neurofibroma as epidermoid cyst,and the preoperative diagnosis of the rest 17 cases(26.15%)were indefinite.Conclusion:The high-frequency ultrasound can diagnose properties of lumps in foot and hand well,providing diagnosis basis for further treatment in clinic.

Clinical Value of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in Rehabilitation After Flexor Tendon Rupture Repair of the Hand

Objective:To explore the application effect and clinical value of musculoskeletal ultrasound in the rehabilitation of hand function after flexor tendon rupture repair.Methods:In this study,72 patients were selected from among patients who underwent flexor tendon rupture repair of the hand in Yancheng Third People’s Hospital from May 2018 to May 2020;the patients were randomly divided into the control group(routine hand rehabilitation training)and the experimental group(musculoskeletal ultrasound and targeted hand rehabilitation training based on examination results)by die roll,with 34 cases in each group;the hand rehabilitation of the two groups were compared.Results:The excellent and good rate of the total active motion(TAM)of the experimental group(94.44%)was significantly higher than that of the control group(69.44%)(P<0.05);before treatment,there was no significant difference in the diameter and degree of stenosis of the artery in the finger between the two groups(P>0.05);after treatment,the degree of stenosis and the diameter of the artery of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:For patients treated with flexor tendon rupture repair of the hand,the use of musculoskeletal ultrasound in the rehabilitation process can significantly improve the functional recovery of the hand;therefore,it is worthy of in-depth research,promotion,and application in clinical rehabilitation.

Application Value of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in DAA-THA with Conjoined Tendon Repair

Objective:To observe the ultrasonographic characteristics of conjoined tendon repair in direct anterior approach for total hip arthroplasty(DAA-THA),and to evaluate the efficacy of musculoskeletal ultrasound in determining the healing after joint tendon repair.Methods:A total of 60 patients who required primary total hip arthroplasty in Yulin Orthopedic Hospital of Chinese and Western Medicine from July 2020 to July 2021 were selected;the patients were divided into two groups,an observation group,group A(n=30),and a control group,group B(n=30),according to different intraoperative methods.There was no significant difference in gender,age,and diagnosis between the two groups.Direct anterior approach was used for both the groups.For group A,the joint capsule and conjoined tendon(superior gemellus,obturator internus,and inferior gemellus)were repaired in situ,whereas for group B,only the joint capsule was repaired in situ,while the conjoined tendon was not repaired.The healing of the tendon was observed.Results:(1)in terms of diagnosis,after conjoined tendon repair,26 cases in group A showed good tendon continuity,good tension,and a small amount of effusion echo around,three cases showed partial interruption of tendon echo,low echo,or no echo inside with insufficient structural clarity,and a case showed complete interruption;in group B,all 30 cases had continuous interruption,poor tension,tendon retraction,and thickening;the healing rate of group A’s conjoined tendon repair was 96.67%;(2)in terms of prognostic assessment,one month after the surgery,the Harris score of group A was significantly higher than that of group B(P<0.05);however,there was no significant difference in the terms of the Harris score between the two groups 3-6 months after surgery(P>0.05);the effective tension of conjoined tendon and the effective muscle strength of group A were significantly higher than those of group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:Musculoskeletal ultrasound has high diagnostic value in the healing of conjoined tendon and provides dynamic clinical observation after conjoined tendon repair in DAA-THA;it is proven that DAA-THA with conjoined tendon repair on the premise of reconstructing the joint capsule can well restore its tension,enhance its muscle strength,significantly improve early joint stability and joint function,as well as facilitate the rapid recovery of patients.

Sonoelastography in the musculoskeletal system:Current role and future directions

Ultrasound is an essential modality within musculoskeletal imaging, with the recent addition of elastography. The elastic properties of tissues are different from the acoustic impedance used to create B mode imaging and the flow properties used within Doppler imaging, hence elastography provides a different form of tissue assessment. The current role of ultrasound elastography in the musculoskeletal system will be reviewed, in particular with reference to muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints and soft tissue tumours. The different ultrasound elastography methods currently available will be described, in particular strain elastography and shear wave elastography. Future directions of ultrasound elastography in the musculoskeletal system will also be discussed.

基于肌骨超声观察经筋排针刺法治疗慢性非特异性腰背痛的临床疗效

目的基于肌骨超声观察经筋排针刺法治疗慢性非特异性腰背痛的临床疗效。方法将136例慢性非特异性腰背痛患者随机分为常规针刺组和经筋排刺组,每组68例。常规针刺组行常规针刺治疗,经筋排刺组行经筋排刺法治疗。观察两组治疗前后日本骨科协会评分(Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores,JOA)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestrydisability index,ODI)评分、疼痛视觉模拟量表(visualanalog scale,VAS)评分以及肌骨超声静息状态和最大等长收缩状态多裂肌厚度的变化。比较两组临床疗效。结果治疗后,两组JOA、ODI和VAS评分以及最大等长收缩状态多裂肌厚度均较治疗前改善(P<0.05),经筋排针刺组静息状态多裂肌厚度优于治疗前(P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,治疗后最大等长收缩状态多裂肌厚度与治疗后JOA评分呈正相关(P<0.05),与VAS评分呈负相关(P<0.05);治疗后静息状态多裂肌厚度与随访时JOA评分呈正相关(P<0.05)。经筋排刺组总有效率优于常规针刺组(P<0.05)。结论经筋排针刺治疗慢性非特异性腰背痛疗效优于常规针刺,可有效缓解疼痛。肌骨超声多裂肌厚度可以作为慢性非特异性腰背痛疗效评价的依据。

双能CT与肌骨超声联合应用对早期痛风的诊断价值

目的:探讨双能CT(DECT)与肌骨超声(MSUS)联合应用对早期痛风的诊断价值。方法:选取142例风湿科住院或门诊收治的高度疑似痛风患者为研究对象。所有患者均进行DECT、MSUS及关节液偏振光显微镜检查,分析DECT、MSUS单独及二者联合对尿酸盐沉积、关节积液、骨侵蚀及滑膜增厚的检出情况;以临床诊断为“金标准”,评价DECT、MSUS单独及二者联合检查对早期痛风的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确度,并绘制诊断的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线。结果:本研究中,诊断为痛风者111例,非痛风者31例。MSUS、DECT二者单独检查时,对尿酸盐沉积、关节积液及骨侵蚀检出率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);MSUS对滑膜增厚的检出率高于DECT(P<0.05)。MSUS联合DECT对尿酸盐沉积、关节积液、骨侵蚀及滑膜增厚的检出率均高于二者单独检测(P<0.05)。以临床诊断为“金标准”,二者联合诊断时任一结果阳性即判定为阳性。结果显示:MSUS检查除敏感度外,诊断效能高于DECT,其余指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);联合检查的敏感度、阴性预测值及准确度均高于DECT单独检查(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,MSUS、DECT及二者联合检查的AUC值分别为0.845、0.776及0.848。结论:MSUS与DECT均对早期痛风有较高的诊断效能,且MSUS优于DECT,二者联合检查在不降低特异度的前提下,有更高的敏感度。

肌骨超声进修医师的教学实践探索

继续教育是提高超声医师亚专业技术能力的重要途径和手段,肌骨超声发展迅速,临床应用范围不断拓展,已成为临床多学科重要的影像学评估手段,但目前我国肌骨超声尚未得到普遍推广,很多基层医院的医师对肌骨超声一知半解。肌骨超声有自身的特殊性,集解剖、病理、临床及超声为一体,除对解剖结构进行诊断外,还涉及功能评估,因此教学难度大。进修学习是快速掌握肌骨超声的重要手段。文章结合多年肌骨进修医师的带教经验,将肌骨进修医师培训分4个阶段:相关理论知识学习、规范化操作学习、临床常见疾病学习和临床观摩及患者检查。文章分别总结了每一阶段的教学特点、侧重点和带教方法,兼顾基础知识、技能操作和临床思维培养,以更好地提升进修医师的继续教育质量。

铍针结合三七散外敷治疗肱二头肌长头腱鞘炎疗效及对患者肌骨超声参数、血清炎症因子、肩关节功能的影响

目的:探讨铍针结合三七散外敷治疗肱二头肌长头腱鞘炎效果及对患者肌骨超声参数、血清炎症因子、肩关节功能的影响。方法:80例肱二头肌长头腱鞘炎患者随机分为对照组与观察组,各40例。对照组采用放射式冲击波治疗,观察组则实施铍针结合三七散外敷治疗,均连续治疗4周。比较两组临床疗效,治疗前后两组患者疼痛情况[视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS)、压痛阈值(PPTs)]、肩关节功能[Constant-Murley肩关节功能活动评分量表(CMS)]、肌骨超声参数(肌腱厚度、腱鞘厚度、积液最大径)、血清炎症因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)]的变化。结果:观察组患者临床疗效87.50%,明显高于对照组的67.50%(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组VAS评分低于对照组,观察组PPTs值高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组肌力、疼痛、肩关节活动度及功能评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组肌腱厚度、腱鞘厚度、积液水平均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组血清TNF-α、CRP、IL-6水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:铍针结合三七散外敷治疗肱二头肌长头腱鞘炎可提高临床效果,减轻患者疼痛,提高疼痛阈值,同时可降低患者血清炎症因子水平,改善肌骨超声参数和肩关节功能。

基于经筋理论的膝骨关节炎患者“筋结点”超声解剖学特征分析与针刀治疗的疗效评价研究

目的:借助可视化肌骨超声深入剖析膝骨关节炎患者膝关节局部经筋病灶点的病理特征,并综合评价弓弦平衡针刀法与常规针刺法治疗膝骨关节炎的疗效差异,为今后针刀精准辨位定点及安全入路研究提供客观参考依据。方法:将120例膝骨关节炎患者随机分为针刀治疗组和针刺对照组,每组60例。针刀治疗组进行弓弦平衡针刀法治疗,每周2次;针刺对照组选取犊鼻、内膝眼、阳陵泉、梁丘、鹤顶,及局部阿是穴进行针刺,同时根据不同的证型进行配穴加减,每周3次。2组均以3周为1个疗程,治疗3个疗程。根据肌骨超声下“筋结点”的精确定位、层次解剖、回声特点深入剖析经筋病灶点的超声影像学特征,采用股直肌羽状角、肌纤维横断面积、西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数(WOMAC)评分、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)综合评价2组疗效差异。结果:治疗后,2组患者WOMAC评分、股直肌羽状角、平均肌纤维厚度、弹性应变率、IL-1β、TNF-α水平,及膝关节疼痛程度、僵硬、日常活动能力方面较治疗前均显著改善(P <0.05);其中,针刀治疗组在提升股直肌羽状角、增加肌纤维厚度、降低弹性应变率、降低致炎致痛因子水平方面优于针刺对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);与正常膝关节超声解剖结构相比,患者膝关节各针刀松解点(筋结点)处呈现出不同程度回声增强,同时伴有滑膜增厚、增生、关节腔积液、滑囊积液等典型超声影像学特征。结论:肌骨超声能够精准呈现膝骨关节炎患者膝关节经筋病灶点的解剖位置、解剖层次等超声病变特征,证实弓弦平衡针刀法的安全性和有效性,为针刀医学的标准化、规范化研究提供重要参考依据。

肌骨超声检查对创伤性浅表软组织损伤的临床诊断价值分析

目的探讨肌骨超声检查对创伤性浅表软组织损伤的临床诊断价值。方法选取本院收治的疑似创伤性浅表软组织损伤206例患者,均行超声检查及磁共振成像(Magnetic Resonance Imaging,MRI)检查,以手术病理检查结果为“金标准”,观察超声检查诊断结果及其安全性与准确性、超声检查声像图特点。结果以手术病理检查结果为“金标准”,超声检查与MRI检查两种方式对诊断效能、损伤类型及阳性预测值与阴性预测值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但MRI检查对半月板撕裂检出率高于超声检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。12例神经损伤患者超声检查可见受压部位横断面减小,回声逐渐降低,彩色多普勒检查可探及少量血流信号;19例实性肿块患者声像图可见形态不规则回声区,边缘模糊,多普勒探查无血流信号;28例囊性肿块患者声像图可见部分液性暗区或无回声区,部分可探及血流信号,边缘清晰;24例韧带撕裂患者声像图可见患侧韧带弥漫性增厚且回声减低、结构紊乱,并可见血流信号;15例肌腱损伤患者声像图可见呈条带状低回声,且有连续性中断伴裂隙样低回声,断端可见血流信号;61例半月板撕裂患者声像图显示半月板连续性中断伴内部不均匀回声,彩色多普勒检查可探及血流信号。结论肌骨超声检查在创伤性浅表软组织损伤的检查中,可有效鉴别损伤类型及其范围,准确率较高,可作为患者初步筛查手段,且具有无创、安全及可重复性等优点,应用价值高。

肌骨超声检查在肌筋膜疼痛综合征临床诊疗中的应用研究进展

肌筋膜疼痛综合征是以骨骼肌疼痛、功能障碍和肢体运动范围受限为主要表现的综合征,肌筋膜疼痛触发点是该病的诱发因素,准确定位以及评估肌筋膜疼痛触发点特征是该疾病诊断和治疗的核心。肌骨超声检查能够显示肌筋膜疼痛触发点的图像,测量相关的超声影像学指标,为肌筋膜疼痛综合征的临床诊断和疗效评价提供客观依据。本文就肌骨超声检查在肌筋膜疼痛综合征临床诊疗中的应用进展进行了综述。

针刺治疗急性期贝尔氏面瘫的临床观察

目的通过肌骨超声技术观察针刺治疗急性期贝尔氏面瘫的临床疗效。方法采用随机数字表法将60例急性期贝尔氏面瘫患者分为观察组与对照组各30例。观察组接受常规针刺治疗,对照组接受常规药物治疗。每周进行4次针刺,治疗持续至病程第28天结束。观察并比较治疗前后两组的总有效率、肌骨超声下面神经直径变化、House-Brackmann(H-B)量表分级和面部残疾指数(FDI)等指标。结果治疗后,观察组总有效率为93.33%,明显高于对照组的76.67%(P<0.05)。此外,治疗后两组的面神经直径均减小,观察组的患侧面神经减小幅度更显著(P<0.05)。面部神经功能评分(H-B)和面部残疾指数(FDI)在两组中均有改善(P<0.05),而观察组的改善幅度均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论针刺治疗急性期贝尔氏面瘫疗效确切,能明显改善临床症状。此外,本研究验证了面神经直径能作为贝尔氏面瘫病证程度的客观评价。

肌骨超声对肢体疼痛患者的诊断价值

目的探讨肌骨超声对肢体疼痛患者的诊断价值。方法选取2021年1月至2022年12月南昌市第一医院收治的80例肢体疼痛患者纳入研究,患者入院时均接受磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)检查和肌骨超声检查,比较肌骨超声、MRI诊断肢体疼痛病因的一致性及符合率。结果80例患者MRI和肌骨超声均检出78例阳性结果,占97.50%,2例未明确疾病类型。以MRI检查结果为依据,肌骨超声诊断肢体疼痛病因共75例与MRI结果符合,总符合率为96.15%(75/78),一致性极好(Kappa=0.907)。结论肌骨超声可清晰显示细微组织结构,诊断肢体疼痛的准确率较高,与MRI诊断的一致性极好。

肌骨超声诊断肩袖损伤的效能及与关节镜手术诊断的一致性分析

目的 探讨肌骨超声诊断肩袖损伤的效能,并分析与关节镜手术结果的一致性。方法 选取2021年10月—2023年6月收治的162例疑似肩袖损伤患者,均接受关节镜手术治疗,得出明确手术结果,术前接受肌骨超声检查,比较肌骨超声与关节镜手术诊断肩袖损伤效能,分析肌骨超声与关节镜手术诊断肩袖损伤位置、撕裂程度的一致性,比较肩袖损伤与非肩袖损伤患者肌骨超声诊断情况。结果 肌骨超声检查诊断肩袖损伤的敏感度为98.04%(150/153),特异度为88.89%(8/9),漏诊率为1.96%(3/153),误诊率为11.11%(1/9),阳性预测值为98.68%(150/152),阴性预测值为72.73%(8/11),准确率为97.53%(158/162)。肌骨超声与关节镜手术对肩袖损伤位置诊断一致性的Kappa值为0.945(95%CI:0.840,1.050)(P<0.05),符合率为97.39%。肌骨超声与关节镜手术对肩袖损伤撕裂程度诊断一致性的Kappa值为0.916(95%CI:0.758,1.075)(P<0.01),符合率为96.08%。肩袖损伤患者腱体内低回声、腱体滑囊面凹陷发生率高于非肩袖损伤患者,肱二头肌长头肌腱鞘积液深度、肩峰下滑囊积液深度大于非肩袖损伤患者(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论 肌骨超声用于肩袖损伤诊断有较高效能,与关节镜手术结果一致性较高,术前明确诊断可为后续关节镜等治疗提供参考。