COVID-19 Vaccine Rejection among Muslims in Turkey: Religiosity and Fear of Death

This study aimed to examine the relationship between COVID-19 vaccine refusal and religiosity and fear of death among Muslims living in Turkey. This cross-sectional study was conducted online with 1046 adults aged 18 and older. The Ok-Religious Attitude Scale (Islam) (ORASI) (8 items) and Thorson-Powell Death Anxiety Scale (TPDAS) (20 items) were used as data collection instruments. The data were analyzed using the Pearson chi-square test, Student’s t-test, and binary logistic regression. A p-value of 0.05). In binary logistic regression analysis, vaccine rejection was 7.19 times higher among single people, 50.55 times higher among workers and tradesmen, and 3.36 times higher among people who did not have COVID-19. As religiosity increased, the risk of vaccine refusal decreased 1.037-fold.

Media Representation of Muslims and Islam From 2011-2019: A Meta Analysis

Media is a powerful tool to portray,represent and influence perceptions towards a particular ideology and religion in the present age of technology.Present study presents the findings about the role of media regarding Muslims and Islamic beliefs and identity.For the purpose a meta-analysis of 353 published studies from were critically reviewed and examined.The detailed quantitative analysis focuses on the geographical distribution,techniques,hypothesis,forms of media and time duration of published data whereas,qualitative analysis examined the most prestigious and well-known studied subject matters.Results from this study give the impression that most of the studies extends to European or western countries and on the other hand Islamic states and media belonged to them have been avoided.Findings also shed light on low volume of comparative studies,lack of perceptibility and scarcity of internet based quality work.A large number of researches focused on the trends of war on terror,links of Muslims in terror related incidences,Islamic extremism and migration.Furthermore,analysis and data of this study reveals the fact of negatively portraying the image and identity of Muslims.The religion of Islam as whole represented as religion associated with extremism,terror,violence and intolerance.Suggestions based on analysis are also taken into account.

Beijing Ox Street in the Eyes of Muslims

Around a 1,000-year-old mosque in Niu Jie （Ox Street） in the Xuanwu District in southern Beijing, there live some 12,000 Musliras, generation after generation. They are the witnesses to the vicissitudes of life in this age-old street.

A Qualitative Study on Belief,Perception,and Health Effects on Standing Zikr Among Thai Muslims in Nakhon Nayok Province

Many Muslims residing in Nakhon Nayok province state the importance of Standing Zikr as a common ritual activity which has been associated with Muslims’health and wellbeing.This study aimed to explore belief,perception,and health effects regarding Standing Zikr.Fifteen Muslim participants who had been practicing Standing Zikr for at least one year were interviewed.Data was collected by conducting face-to-face in-depth interview at participants’home and analyzed using the content analysis method of qualitative analysis.Based on our result,Standing Zikr was practiced since childhood with the support of family members and Muslim coordinators well-versed in the practice Standing Zikr.Amongst our Muslim participants,they had perceived benefits on physical and mental health,with reports of improved quality of life.There were some concerns in applying Standing Zikr for religion-related exercise(e.g.,comparable sensitivity between exercise and Zikr).We conclude that Standing Zikr had positive outcomes on physical and mental health,while also improving the quality of life of Muslim participants.Applying Standing Zikr had a high sensitiveness.Hence,understanding the belief,perception,and health benefits of Zikr are needed to enhance the relationship between healthcare providers and Muslim patients.

Beware the Demon of Love Jihad! The Gendered and Sexual Abjectification of Muslim Masculinities by Hindu Nationalists on Twitter

In this paper,I examine the Twitter accounts of right-wing extremist groups(RWEGs)in India,arguing that the abjectification of Muslim masculinities is central to the narratives of Hindu supremacist groups.The abjectification process on Twitter serves as a rhetorical device to:a)criticize and problematize Muslim masculinities;b)idealize and glorify Hindu and white masculinities;c)promote Hindu and white masculine nationalist projects;and d)unify Hindu supremacists against Muslim others.By analyzing the gender ideologies expressed implicitly or explicitly on the Twitter accounts of RWEGs,and using the“Love Jihad”conspiracy case as a focal point,I demonstrate how the abjectification of Muslim masculinities is constructed in opposition to the idealized Hindu masculinities.This study highlights the intersection of gender and nationalism in the digital discourse of Hindu supremacist groups,offering insights into the mechanisms through which social media platforms are used to reinforce and propagate Islamophobic ideologies.

The Muslims in France and the French Model of Integration

Local seasonal migrations have long been common in France,and the migrations can be throughout the whole Europe.The identification and assessment of such migration in European countries trace back to 1805 under the Napoleonic Empire regime,when nationality was based on jus sanguinis(Latin,right of blood)with the ultimate purpose of ensuring sufficient recruits in the Napoleonic armies,which is unlike the Republican France today that defines nationality on the basis of jus soli(Latin,right of the soil,also known as birthright citizenship).At the beginning of the 21st century,immigration has become a major challenge to the French domestic policy,and is closely linked to the issues of public safety,national identity,labor market,development of the European Union public policy,and the integration of the second generation by the secular,republican French model.The migration within and outside of the Europe demonstrates four conceptual issues:European residents’country of origin,French nationality,the exercising of French citizenship,and the construction of a personal identity in the context of a more and more complex family ethnic composition after the restructuring.

Monday Morning Among the Muslims

Heat,history and culture of the Hui ethnic group—those are the three things first coming to mind when I think of Xi’an,capital city of northwest China’s Shaanxi Province.The Hui people are Xi’an’s native Muslim

Political Aspirations,Participations and Influence of Turkish Muslims in Germany

Germany invited large number of guest workers from Turkey to revitalize its economy after WWII.Following decades of development,the Muslim population has become the largest minority group in Germany making up 5%of today’s German population.The main Muslim political aspiration is to be able to retain Turkish nationality but also access to German citizenship,and to promote the diversified development of German society to recognize their Muslim identity as well.In order to achieve their own political aspirations,they participate in German politics through German political parties,civil society groups and mass media.Their activities not only have great influence on both domestic politics and diplomatic relations,but also in improving their living conditions in Germany.However,the law in both countries will keep them from receiving German citizenship,let alone the dual nationality.Because of the inherent contradiction between Islam and Christianism,Germany has not yet become a truly pluralistic society.

Between Incomprehensible Evil and a Moral Code of Honor: The Rescuing of the Albanian Jews During the Holocaust

The Holocaust,also known as the Shoah,was the tragic and devastating event of the genocide of European Jews during World War II.Between 1941 and 1945,Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe.The Jews and other racial minorities were rounded up across Europe and slaughtered by the German Nazi regime.Little was done to save,and rescue jews during that dark period,that is why the story of Albania,a small country in the Balkans,in which the entire country protected the Jewish community is so remarkable(Savich,2002).This paper will try to examine the heroic rescuing efforts made by the people of Albania during the holocaust while focusing on the Albanian moral code of honor known as“Besa”.This paper will also provide an overview of the impacts of those action.

Randomized control trial of a culturally adapted behavioral activation therapy for Muslim patients with depression in Pakistan

BACKGROUND Behavioral activation therapy(BA)is as effective as cognitive behavior therapy(CBT)in treating depression and can be delivered by practitioners with much less psychological training,making it particularly suitable for low resource settings.BA that is culturally adapted for Muslims(BA-M)is a culturally adapted form of BA that has been found acceptable and feasible for Muslims with depression in the United Kingdom and Turkey;however,this is the first time that its efficacy has been determined through a definitive randomized controlled trial.AIM To compare the effectiveness of BA-M with CBT for Muslim patients with depression in Pakistan.METHODS One hundred and eight patients were randomized 1:1 to treatment arms in a parallel-group randomized controlled trial in hospital or community sites in Lahore,Pakistan.Recruitment followed self-referral or referrals from clinicians,consultants or relevant professionals at each site.Four measures were recorded by blinded assessors:The patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9);the BA for depression scale short form(BADS-SF);symptom checklist-revised and the World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Brief Scale.All measures were recorded at baseline and post treatment;PHQ-9 and BADS-SF were also recorded at each session and at three month follow up.The primary analysis was to regress the PHQ-9 score after therapy upon the PHQ-9 score before therapy(baseline)and the type of therapy given,that is,analysis of covariance.In addition,analysis using PHQ-9 scores collected at each therapy session was employed in a 2-level regression model.RESULTS Patients in the BA-M arm experienced greater improvement in PHQ-9 score of 1.95 units compared to the CBT arm after adjusting for baseline values(P=0.006)The key reason behind this improvement was that patients were retained in therapy longer under BA-M,in which patients were retained for an average 0.75 sessions more than CBT patients(P=0.013).Patients also showed significant differences on physical(P<0.001),psychological(P=0.004)and social(P=0.047)domains of Quality of Life(QoL)at post treatment level,indicating an increased QoL in the BA-M group as compared to the treatment as usual group.Some baseline differences were noted in both groups for BA scores and two domains of QoL scale:Physical and environment,which might have influenced the results,though the BA-M group showed more improvement at completion of therapy.CONCLUSION Results proved the efficacy of BA-M in reducing symptoms for depressed patients in Pakistan,indicating BA-M is a promising treatment modality for depression in future,particularly in low resource settings.

Muslim Confucian Philosophy:Islamic-Confucian Dialogue and the Integration of Civilizations

At the end of the Ming Dynasty and at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty,a new theory of learning was created-Muslim Confucian Study(Chinese Islamic Philosophy)-on the basis of Islamic philosophy and under the influence of Confucianism.Wang Daiyu(1570-1660)and Liu Zhi(1660-1739)were two great Huiru(Muslim Confucian)scholars at that time.They published Zhengjiao zhenquan(The real commentary on the tire teaching),Tianfang xingli(Nature and principle in Islam)major books.Their approach is distinguished from that of other Muslim scholars in that they addressed the basic articles of Islamic thought with Confucian terminology and categories.The study deals with the Islamic worldview,and with the practices that make it possible for people to bring themselves into conformity with that worldview.However,the teaching of the Muslim Confucian was continuous with those of Mainstream Islam.In my research,I attempted to answer two questions:(a)How did Muslim Confucian Study Inherit the Mainstream Islamic Thought?(b)What is the value and contribution of the World Islamic philology and civilization?

Literature review of type 2 diabetes mellitus among minority Muslim populations in Israel

This review surveys the literature published on the characteristics and implications of pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) for the Arab andBedouin populations of Israel. T2 DM is a global health problem. The rapid rise in its prevalence in the Arab and Bedouin populations in Israel is responsible for their lower life expectancy compared to Israeli Jews. The increased prevalence of T2 DM corresponds to increased rates of obesity in these populations. A major risk group is adult Arab women aged 55-64 years. In this group obesity reaches 70%. There are several genetic and nutritional explanations for this increase. We found high hospitalization rates for micro and macrovascular complications among diabetic patients of Arab and Bedouin origin. Despite the high prevalence of diabetes and its negative health implications, there is evidence that care and counseling relating to nutrition, physical activity and self-examination of the feet are unsatisfactory. Economic difficulties are frequently cited as the reason for inadequate medical care. Other proposed reasons include faith in traditional therapy and misconceptions about drugs and their side effects. In Israel, the quality indicators program is based on one of the world's leading information systems and deals with the management of chronic diseases such as diabetes. The program's baseline data pointed to health inequality between minority populations and the general population in several areas, including monitoring and control of diabetes. Based on these data, a pilot intervention program was planned, aimed at minority populations. This program led to a decrease in inequality and served as the basis for a broader, more comprehensive intervention that has entered the implementation stage. Interventions that were shown to be effective in other Arabic countries may serve as models for diabetes management in the Arab and Bedouin populations in Israel.

Celebrating Diversity of Humanity, Struggling for Peace, and Establishing Culture of Coexistence

The Qur＇an embraces cultural pluralism, emphasising that “People, We created you all from a single man and a single woman, and made you into races and tribes so that you should recognize one another. ”（Q. 49： 13）. Moreover, peace is the most fundamental value in the Qur＇an and Islam. The majority of the classical Muslim jurists, especially Hanafi school, emphasised that the reason for Muslims＇ fight against non-Muslims is Muslims＇ defense themselves against attacks, not non-Muslims＇ faith. Bediuzzaman Said Nursi （d. 1960） states that the only kind of jihad that is appropriate for the present age is spiritual or moraljihad. Furthermore, regarding Qur＇anic approach to relations between Muslims and the People of the Book, Muslim scholars, in general, advocate sincere relations and trust between Muslims and the People of the Book. In addition, Said Nursi is one of the great Muslim scholars in interfaith dialogue in the 20th century. Finally, there is the need for establishing culture of coexistence, which practised before within a religious tradition such as Islamic tradition for many centuries in the history. Through achieving a culture of coexistence and peace, most conflicts can be resolved.

Services and Applications Based on Mobile User’s Location Detection and Prediction

Many wireless applications are deployed and available to customers via their mobile phones. Variety of these applications and services are based on determination of the current or future location of mobile user. Location based services (LBS) are one of the vital applications which are subdivided into two main categories: economical category and public category. Economic applications include mobile marketing, entertainment and tracking applications. Whereas, emergency cases, safety, traffic management, Muslims’ applications and public information applications are sort of public applications. The first part of the paper presents a new proposed system with developed procedure to recreate public and economic applications with high positioning accuracy and good authentication of users’ data. The developed system is created to enhance both location based services and network allocation resources within mobile network platform using either normal or GPS supported mobile equipment. The second part of the paper introduces future location prediction of mobile user dependent applications. New algorithm is developed depending on utilizing both intra-cell Movement Pattern algorithm (ICMP) [1] and hybrid uplink time Difference of Arrival and Assisted GPS technique (UTDOA_AGPS) [2]. It has been noticed that ICMP algorithm outperforms other future location prediction algorithms with high precision and within suitable time (less than 220) msec. However, UTDOA_AGPS guarantees high precession of mobile user independent of the surrounding environment. The proposed technique is used to enhance reliability and efficiency of location based services using cellular network platform.

Prevalence and factors associated with belief in COVID-19 vaccine efficacy in Indonesia:A cross-sectional study

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of belief in COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and its associated factors.Methods:Due to mobility restriction,this study was conducted cross-sectionally via online platforms.The included factors were age,gender,religious identity,marital status,education level,occupation,and living with health workers.Logistic regression was used to assess the association between belief in COVID-19 vaccine with the predictors.Results:A total of 5397 responses were taken into analysis.The prevalence of belief in COVID-19 vaccine efficacy was 62.3%.Whereas factors associated with belief in COVID-19 vaccines were being in the age of 45-54(aOR 1.767;95%CI 1.219-2.562),55-64(aOR 1.703;95%CI 1.219-2.562),and>64(aOR 2.136;95%CI 1.128-4.047),completing education until the secondary level(aOR 1.354;95%CI 1.111-1.650),working as health practitioners(aOR 2,353;95%CI 1.655-3.344),and living with health workers(aOR 1.278,95%CI 1.079-1.514).All religious identities including Muslim(aOR 2.447;95%CI 1.183-5.062),Protestant(aOR 3.615;95%CI 1.703-7.677),Catholic(aOR 4.486;95%CI 2.015-9.987),and Hindu(aOR 3.286;95%CI 1.410-7.655)showed significant association with belief in COVID-19 vaccine efficacy.Conclusions:A high prevalence of belief in COVID-19 vaccine efficacy was evident.Since vaccine compliance is determined by an individual's risk-benefit perception,this study emphasizes the need of raising awareness of the benefits of COVID-19 immunization.

Ibn Khaldun’s Theory of ‘Asabiyyah and Its Impact on the Current Muslim Community

This paper seeks to study the theory of ‘asabiyyah by Ibn Khaldun, a well-known North African historiographer from 14th century. It examines Ibn Khaldun’s original thoughts on ‘asabiyyah and how he did retool it for the beneficial purposes. At the same time, the paper tries to compare the term of ‘asabiyyah as proposed by Ibn Khaldun with the interpretation made by the West in the current world. This study also will give some inputs on the implementation of Ibn Khaldun’s theory of ‘asabiyyah, and it will expose how the theory could benefit the Muslim civilization to soar as a great nation. The descriptive method has been used in this study to present the right information about Ibn Khaldun and his theory. It is hoped that this study could enhance our understanding on the term of ‘asabiyyah in its positive connotation, as the term has been recognized negatively among people today.

Religious Involvement in Young Islamic Women Participation in Physical Education, Sports, and Physical Activities

This study is to identify the relationship between young Islamic women involvement in physical education,physical activities,and sports.Today,limited attention has been paid to the relationship of young female Muslims and sports.This relationship can be noted as a social problem,and therefore need a specific attention to this problem.This study examines how Muslim female students display their participation in physical education and sporting activities and how their Islamic background influences of the way of the precise their engagement with the field of sport.Being a Muslim young woman and participating in sport is getting as a challenge of their ethnic identities.So that the young Muslim women clearly positioning within the framework of their ethnic identities are not interested in sports because they not seen it as a respectable femininity.According to the previously reported guidelines and results,the methodology was constructing for this systematic review.All the original data in this article were collected from published articles in research gate and Google scholar.The articles were searched under the topics of“religious involvement in Muslim female’s physical education,sports and physical activities”and“Muslim Female Participation in Olympics”.Results show that the religious involvement has positive attitudes toward female participation but extensive parental influence important to the young Muslim women involvement in the sports field.This paper also expresses that Muslim girl’s participation in physical education,physical activity,and sports is less because they are in struggle between their identity as Muslims and dress codes as well as the sporting requirements and in the other hand mixing or interaction with the opposite gender and doing exercises on Ramadan.

The Role of Religiosity in HIV Prevention in Uganda: A Case-Control Study among Muslim and Christian Youth in Wakiso District

Background: In Uganda's HIV prevention strategy religious institutions are encouraged to deliver HIV prevention messages to the general public and to integrate HIV prevention into faith-based activities such as worship, funerals and marriage ceremonies. However, there is limited data on the relationship between religiosity and HIV prevalence. Objectives: The main objective was to assess the association between religiosity, HIV-risk behaviors and HIV prevalence. Methods: A case-control study was done among Muslim and Christian youth. Cases were defined as HIV positive youth and controls were HIV negative youth. Respondents were interviewed and then tested for HIV. A religiosity index was constructed to assess the association between religiosity, HIV-risk behaviors and HIV infections. Results: Higher levels of religiosity were significantly associated with abstaining from sex, avoiding drinking alcohol and avoiding narcotics. Higher levels of religiosity were also associated with lower HIV-infections. HIV infections were significantly associated with low religiosity, having one or both parents dead, and having multiple sexual partners. Conclusions: Religiosity appears to have an important role in HIV prevention among many Ugandans. These should be encouraged and made to feel proud of using religiosity in their HIV prevention efforts. Their numbers should also be increased. Religious leaders should be energized by the study findings and they should be supported to take the lead in the efforts of using religiosity for HIV prevention. All Ugandans should use the power of God within each of them for HIV prevention in line with their motto: 'For God and my country'. Religiosity for HIV prevention is readily available, accessible and affordable to the majority of Ugandans. This option should be supported by all stakeholders including government, non-governmental organizations, faith-based organizations and external support agencies, by mobilizing appropriate human, technical and financial resources to accelerate its implementation.

Modern Contraceptive Use among Orthodox Christian and Muslim Women of Reproductive Age Group in Bahir Dar City, North West Ethiopia: Comparative Cross Sectional Study

Background: Mothers are dying as a result of abortion associated with preventable unintended pregnancy. The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of Modern contraceptive use and associated factors among Muslim and orthodox Christian women of reproductive age group in Bahir Dar city. Methods: Comparative Cross-sectional study was carried out on 504 participants selected through Simple random sampling technique from the list of households. Data were collected through a pretested interviewer administered questionnaire. The data were analyzed using logistic regression model to determine odds ratio as a measure of strength off association. Result: The prevalence of modern contraceptive use was higher among Orthodox Christian women by 0.28: 95% for the difference (0.19, 0.36). While 63.9% orthodox Christian women were using modern contraceptives only 36.1% of Muslim women were using Modern contraceptive. Age, Religiosity and education level were found to have a statistical association for modern contraceptive use in Both Orthodox Christian and Muslim women (p value < 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of modern contraceptive use among Muslim women was found to significantly lower than that in Orthodox Christian. Recommendation: More efforts should be done to increase the number of Modern Contraceptive users, by focusing on awareness creation on Modern contraceptives with special emphasis on Muslims.

To What Extent Is Islam Misogynist?

The essay critically evaluates if Islam is a misogynist religion by analyzing diverse perspectives.This phenomenon has been observed in recent years and different scholars have given different explanations towards this topic.The essay uses the case study method to discuss the values of Islam and links to gender relations.Through the case study of Muslims’performances on understanding misogyny,the essay hopes to have broader lessons of recognizing that Islam is a controversial religion on promoting misogynist ideas.The result of the essay reveals that binary ideas of misogyny exist in Islam,but it does not deny the worth of Islam.In conclusion,the essay deepens our understanding of Islamic doctrines on the roles of men and women based on the arguments of misogyny.To some extent,it will reveal that the notion of misogyny misrepresents most people’s attitudes towards Islam.Moreover,the essay can be useful to understand how to correctly view the core values of Islam and interpret that Islam could not be underestimated in terms of redefining the norms of gender.Admittedly,the essay is limited because not all prejudices start from a misogynist perspective towards Islam,and there will also be other discourses such as factional struggle and caesaropapism in Islamic countries.Further studies can explore other factors that cause the misunderstandings of Islam.