Risperidone long-acting injectable (RLAI) is approved for the treatment of schizophrenia in many countries. The suggested site is the gluteal muscle with a needle length of two inches (50 mm) in Japan, which is longer...Risperidone long-acting injectable (RLAI) is approved for the treatment of schizophrenia in many countries. The suggested site is the gluteal muscle with a needle length of two inches (50 mm) in Japan, which is longer than the ordinarily used needle for intramuscular injections. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal needle insertion length for accurate delivery of RLAI procedure among subjects who have normal body mass index (BMI: 18 to 25) and high BMI (>25). Thirty-seven patients with schizophrenia were administered RLAI intramuscularly into the dorsogluteal muscle. The standard procedure required inserting 80% of the two inch needle. By using data collected by ultrasonography, the findings confirmed that the median needle insertion lengths for subjects with normal and high BMI were 39.0 and 45.5 mm, respectively. To deliver RLAI effectively and safely, the authors strongly recommend that a specialized needle be used that is “marked” at the 40 mm point from the tip of the needle to the base. In this way regardless of subcutaneous fat content, the RLAI can be safely delivered into the muscle without causing untoward or side effects.展开更多
文摘目的：研究学龄前儿童人工耳蜗植入后听觉言语能力的规律，为制订合理的术后听力言语康复训练计划提供依据。方法选择61例3～6岁语前聋患儿，使用婴幼儿有意义听觉整合量表（meaningful auditory integration scale, MAIS）和有意义使用言语量表（meaningful use of speech scale，MUSS）,由经过培训的听力学专业人员分别在术前和术后开机6、12、24、36、48、60个月对患儿进行评估。结果 MAIS得分在术前、开机后6个月与开机后各评估阶段之间差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；开机后12个月与开机后36、48、60个月之间差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；开机后24个月与开机后36、48、60个月之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；开机后36个月与开机后48、60个月之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）；开机后48个月与开机后60个月之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。MUSS得分在术前开机后6、12、24个月与开机后各评估阶段之间差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；开机后36个月与开机后60个月之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；开机后48个月与开机后60个月之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。MAIS得分在36个月内呈显著增长趋势，36个月后进入平台期；MUSS得分在48个月内呈显著增长趋势，之后进入缓慢增长期。结论学龄前患儿人工耳蜗植入术后听觉言语能力均有显著改善，且患儿术后言语能力较听觉能力发展缓慢。该两项问卷可有效用于学龄前人工耳蜗术后儿童的听觉言语能力评估。
文摘Risperidone long-acting injectable (RLAI) is approved for the treatment of schizophrenia in many countries. The suggested site is the gluteal muscle with a needle length of two inches (50 mm) in Japan, which is longer than the ordinarily used needle for intramuscular injections. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal needle insertion length for accurate delivery of RLAI procedure among subjects who have normal body mass index (BMI: 18 to 25) and high BMI (>25). Thirty-seven patients with schizophrenia were administered RLAI intramuscularly into the dorsogluteal muscle. The standard procedure required inserting 80% of the two inch needle. By using data collected by ultrasonography, the findings confirmed that the median needle insertion lengths for subjects with normal and high BMI were 39.0 and 45.5 mm, respectively. To deliver RLAI effectively and safely, the authors strongly recommend that a specialized needle be used that is “marked” at the 40 mm point from the tip of the needle to the base. In this way regardless of subcutaneous fat content, the RLAI can be safely delivered into the muscle without causing untoward or side effects.
