In patients with an acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, timely myocardial reperfusion using primary percutaneous coronary intervention is the most effective therapy for limiting myocardial infarct size, ...In patients with an acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, timely myocardial reperfusion using primary percutaneous coronary intervention is the most effective therapy for limiting myocardial infarct size, preserving left-ventricular systolic function and reducing the onset of heart failure. Within minutes after the restoration of blood flow, however, reperfusion itself results in additional damage, also known as myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. An improved understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying reperfusion injury has resulted in the identification ofseveral promising pharmacological(cyclosporin-A, exenatide, glucose-insulin-potassium, atrial natriuretic peptide, adenosine, abciximab, erythropoietin, metoprolol and melatonin) therapeutic strategies for reducing the severity of myocardial reperfusion injury. Many of these agents have shown promise in initial proofof-principle clinical studies. In this article, we review the pathophysiology underlying myocardial reperfusion injury and highlight the potential pharmacological interventions which could be used in the future to prevent reperfusion injury and improve clinical outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease.展开更多
Objective:This article aims to present a brief profile of the advances in prevention and treatment of myocardial injury in therapy based on relevant literature or reports.Data sources:The data cited in this review wer...Objective:This article aims to present a brief profile of the advances in prevention and treatment of myocardial injury in therapy based on relevant literature or reports.Data sources:The data cited in this review were obtained from articles indexed in PubMed and China National Knowledge Internet(CNKI)up to June 2019.Study selection:Articles were selected with the following keywords "Anti-cancer therapy,M""Myocardial injury,""Breast cancer,5,44Echocardiography," and "Chemotherapy." Results:Due to the rapid development of novel cancer therapeutic approaches,the life expectancy of tumor patients has been prolonged continuously.Meanwhile,a large number of studies have found that among patients benefiting from precise management,some medications have exerted direct or indirect side effects on the cardiovascular system,leading to the occurrence of myocardial injury.Because there are many common risk factors between breast cancer and cardiovascular disease,and there is a special anatomical position between breast and heart,the cardiology related to breast cancer patients is relatively unique in onco-cardiology.Conclusions:Heart function monitoring is critical during anti-cancer therapy so that we can early identify cardiac abnormalities and actively adopt measures to prevent myocardial injury.展开更多
Interventional coronary reperfusion strategies are widely adopted to treat acute myocardial infarction,but morbidity and mortality of acute myocardial infarction are still high.Reperfusion injuries are inevitable due ...Interventional coronary reperfusion strategies are widely adopted to treat acute myocardial infarction,but morbidity and mortality of acute myocardial infarction are still high.Reperfusion injuries are inevitable due to the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and apoptosis of cardiac muscle cells.However,many antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drugs are largely limited by pharmacokinetics and route of administration,such as short half-life,low stability,low bioavailability,and side effects for treatment myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.Therefore,it is necessary to develop effective drugs and technologies to address this issue.Fortunately,nanotherapies have demonstrated great opportunities for treating myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.Compared with traditional drugs,nanodrugs can effectively increase the therapeutic effect and reduces side effects by improving pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties due to nanodrugs’size,shape,and material characteristics.In this review,the biology of ROS and molecular mechanisms of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury are discussed.Furthermore,we summarized the applications of ROS-based nanoparticles,highlighting the latest achievements of nanotechnology researches for the treatment of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.展开更多
Objective:To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)pretreatment on adenine nucleotides in the myocardial tissues of the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI)rats,and to explore the mechanism of EA pretrea...Objective:To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)pretreatment on adenine nucleotides in the myocardial tissues of the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI)rats,and to explore the mechanism of EA pretreatment on myocardial prevention and protection in MIRI rats.Methods:Forty SPF male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:a blank group,a sham operation group,a model group,an EA at Neiguan(PC 6)group and an EA at Hegu(LI 4)group,with 8 rats in each group.Rats in the blank group only received binding to the rat plate,30 min/time,once a day for 7 d;on the 7th day,rats in the sham operation group were subjected to threading for 40 min at the left anterior descending coronary artery without ligation,and then the rats were allowed to stand for 60 min before collection of the specimens;on the 7th day,rats in the model group were subjected to threading at the left anterior descending coronary artery with ligation,for 40 min before the blood flow was restored,and then the rats were allowed to stand for 60 min before collection of the specimens;on the 7th day of pretreatment with EA at Neiguan(PC 6)or Hegu(LI 4)for 30 min per day(once a day for 7 d),rats in the EA at Neiguan(PC 6)group and EA at Hegu(LI 4)group were subjected to modeling and sample collection same as in the model group.The left ventricular myocardium of the lower left anterior descending coronary artery was collected from rats in all 5 groups.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and transmission electron microscope(TEM)were used to observe the changes in myocardial pathological morphology.The change in the adenine nucleotide level of myocardial tissue was measured by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Results:The HE staining and ultrastructure showed that the myocardial injury was severer in the model group compared with the sham operation group.Compared with the model group,the myocardial injury in the EA at Neiguan(PC 6)and the EA at Hegu(LI 4)groups was mild or hardly any.The adenine nucleotide levels in the sham operation group and the model group were all decreased compared with the blank group(all P<0.05);compared with the sham operation group,the adenine nucleotide level of the model group was also decreased,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05);compared with the model group,the adenine nucleotide level in the EA at Neiguan(PC 6)group was increased(P<0.05),and the adenine nucleotide level in the EA at Hegu(LI 4)group was significantly increased(P<0.01).The adenine nucleotide level in the EA at Hegu(LI 4)group was higher than that in the EA at Neiguan(PC 6)group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Compared with the EA at Neiguan(PC 6)group,the levels of adenosine triphosphate(ATP),adenosine diphosphate(ADP)and adenosine monophosphate(AMP)in the EA at Hegu(LI 4)group were significantly increased(all P<0.01).Conclusion:Both EA at Neiguan(PC 6)and Hegu(LI 4)can alleviate the pathological damage to myocardium in MIRI rats,and increase the adenine nucleotide level in myocardial tissues,and thus protect MIRI rats.EA at Hegu(LI 4)has a better protective effect than Neiguan(PC 6).展开更多
【目的】观察葛根素对大鼠急性心肌缺血的保护作用。【方法】SD大鼠采用尾静脉注射垂体后叶素(P it,0.5 U/kg)后观察心电图变化,筛选敏感大鼠随机分为模型组、葛根素组(剂量为4 mg/kg)和硝酸甘油组(剂量为0.1 mg/kg);静脉给药1 m in后,...【目的】观察葛根素对大鼠急性心肌缺血的保护作用。【方法】SD大鼠采用尾静脉注射垂体后叶素(P it,0.5 U/kg)后观察心电图变化,筛选敏感大鼠随机分为模型组、葛根素组(剂量为4 mg/kg)和硝酸甘油组(剂量为0.1 mg/kg);静脉给药1 m in后,各组大鼠静脉缓慢注射P it(2 U/kg)复制急性心肌缺血模型;观察造模后15 s、30 s、1 m in、5 m in、20 m in时各组大鼠的心电图变化,并检测血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、肌酸激酶(CK)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的含量。【结果】葛根素能拮抗P it所致的急性心肌缺血的ST段抬高,降低心率失常的发生率,降低血清AST、CK、LDH含量。【结论】葛根素对垂体后叶素所致大鼠急性心肌缺血具有保护作用。展开更多
基金Supported by Framework of one research project of the Spanish Society of Cardiology for Clinical Research in Cardiology 2012
文摘In patients with an acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, timely myocardial reperfusion using primary percutaneous coronary intervention is the most effective therapy for limiting myocardial infarct size, preserving left-ventricular systolic function and reducing the onset of heart failure. Within minutes after the restoration of blood flow, however, reperfusion itself results in additional damage, also known as myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. An improved understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying reperfusion injury has resulted in the identification ofseveral promising pharmacological(cyclosporin-A, exenatide, glucose-insulin-potassium, atrial natriuretic peptide, adenosine, abciximab, erythropoietin, metoprolol and melatonin) therapeutic strategies for reducing the severity of myocardial reperfusion injury. Many of these agents have shown promise in initial proofof-principle clinical studies. In this article, we review the pathophysiology underlying myocardial reperfusion injury and highlight the potential pharmacological interventions which could be used in the future to prevent reperfusion injury and improve clinical outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease.
文摘Objective:This article aims to present a brief profile of the advances in prevention and treatment of myocardial injury in therapy based on relevant literature or reports.Data sources:The data cited in this review were obtained from articles indexed in PubMed and China National Knowledge Internet(CNKI)up to June 2019.Study selection:Articles were selected with the following keywords "Anti-cancer therapy,M""Myocardial injury,""Breast cancer,5,44Echocardiography," and "Chemotherapy." Results:Due to the rapid development of novel cancer therapeutic approaches,the life expectancy of tumor patients has been prolonged continuously.Meanwhile,a large number of studies have found that among patients benefiting from precise management,some medications have exerted direct or indirect side effects on the cardiovascular system,leading to the occurrence of myocardial injury.Because there are many common risk factors between breast cancer and cardiovascular disease,and there is a special anatomical position between breast and heart,the cardiology related to breast cancer patients is relatively unique in onco-cardiology.Conclusions:Heart function monitoring is critical during anti-cancer therapy so that we can early identify cardiac abnormalities and actively adopt measures to prevent myocardial injury.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,China(No.21974134,81974508,81673492,81873581)Innovation-Driven Project of Central South University(No.202045005)+1 种基金Special Science and Technology Plan of Changsha City.(No.kq2001048)Key Research Project of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(Major Project)(2021BEG01001).
文摘Interventional coronary reperfusion strategies are widely adopted to treat acute myocardial infarction,but morbidity and mortality of acute myocardial infarction are still high.Reperfusion injuries are inevitable due to the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and apoptosis of cardiac muscle cells.However,many antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drugs are largely limited by pharmacokinetics and route of administration,such as short half-life,low stability,low bioavailability,and side effects for treatment myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.Therefore,it is necessary to develop effective drugs and technologies to address this issue.Fortunately,nanotherapies have demonstrated great opportunities for treating myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.Compared with traditional drugs,nanodrugs can effectively increase the therapeutic effect and reduces side effects by improving pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties due to nanodrugs’size,shape,and material characteristics.In this review,the biology of ROS and molecular mechanisms of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury are discussed.Furthermore,we summarized the applications of ROS-based nanoparticles,highlighting the latest achievements of nanotechnology researches for the treatment of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.
文摘Objective:To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)pretreatment on adenine nucleotides in the myocardial tissues of the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI)rats,and to explore the mechanism of EA pretreatment on myocardial prevention and protection in MIRI rats.Methods:Forty SPF male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:a blank group,a sham operation group,a model group,an EA at Neiguan(PC 6)group and an EA at Hegu(LI 4)group,with 8 rats in each group.Rats in the blank group only received binding to the rat plate,30 min/time,once a day for 7 d;on the 7th day,rats in the sham operation group were subjected to threading for 40 min at the left anterior descending coronary artery without ligation,and then the rats were allowed to stand for 60 min before collection of the specimens;on the 7th day,rats in the model group were subjected to threading at the left anterior descending coronary artery with ligation,for 40 min before the blood flow was restored,and then the rats were allowed to stand for 60 min before collection of the specimens;on the 7th day of pretreatment with EA at Neiguan(PC 6)or Hegu(LI 4)for 30 min per day(once a day for 7 d),rats in the EA at Neiguan(PC 6)group and EA at Hegu(LI 4)group were subjected to modeling and sample collection same as in the model group.The left ventricular myocardium of the lower left anterior descending coronary artery was collected from rats in all 5 groups.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and transmission electron microscope(TEM)were used to observe the changes in myocardial pathological morphology.The change in the adenine nucleotide level of myocardial tissue was measured by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Results:The HE staining and ultrastructure showed that the myocardial injury was severer in the model group compared with the sham operation group.Compared with the model group,the myocardial injury in the EA at Neiguan(PC 6)and the EA at Hegu(LI 4)groups was mild or hardly any.The adenine nucleotide levels in the sham operation group and the model group were all decreased compared with the blank group(all P<0.05);compared with the sham operation group,the adenine nucleotide level of the model group was also decreased,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05);compared with the model group,the adenine nucleotide level in the EA at Neiguan(PC 6)group was increased(P<0.05),and the adenine nucleotide level in the EA at Hegu(LI 4)group was significantly increased(P<0.01).The adenine nucleotide level in the EA at Hegu(LI 4)group was higher than that in the EA at Neiguan(PC 6)group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Compared with the EA at Neiguan(PC 6)group,the levels of adenosine triphosphate(ATP),adenosine diphosphate(ADP)and adenosine monophosphate(AMP)in the EA at Hegu(LI 4)group were significantly increased(all P<0.01).Conclusion:Both EA at Neiguan(PC 6)and Hegu(LI 4)can alleviate the pathological damage to myocardium in MIRI rats,and increase the adenine nucleotide level in myocardial tissues,and thus protect MIRI rats.EA at Hegu(LI 4)has a better protective effect than Neiguan(PC 6).
文摘【目的】观察葛根素对大鼠急性心肌缺血的保护作用。【方法】SD大鼠采用尾静脉注射垂体后叶素(P it,0.5 U/kg)后观察心电图变化,筛选敏感大鼠随机分为模型组、葛根素组(剂量为4 mg/kg)和硝酸甘油组(剂量为0.1 mg/kg);静脉给药1 m in后,各组大鼠静脉缓慢注射P it(2 U/kg)复制急性心肌缺血模型;观察造模后15 s、30 s、1 m in、5 m in、20 m in时各组大鼠的心电图变化,并检测血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、肌酸激酶(CK)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的含量。【结果】葛根素能拮抗P it所致的急性心肌缺血的ST段抬高,降低心率失常的发生率,降低血清AST、CK、LDH含量。【结论】葛根素对垂体后叶素所致大鼠急性心肌缺血具有保护作用。
