In this work,we simulated 2D infrared spectroscopy(IR)spectroscopy in both transmission geometry and Brewster-angle reflection geometry.Light dispersion and the leakage of s-polarized light are considered in simulatin...In this work,we simulated 2D infrared spectroscopy(IR)spectroscopy in both transmission geometry and Brewster-angle reflection geometry.Light dispersion and the leakage of s-polarized light are considered in simulating the enhancement factor of the reflection mode.Our simulation shows that the dispersion in reflection will only alter the 2D IR lineshape slightly and can be corrected.Leaking spolarized light due to imperfectness of IR polarizers in the reflection geometry may limit the enhancement factor,but such limit is above what a typical experiment can reach.In the current experiment,the enhancement factor is mainly limited by the precision of incident angle,for which ordinary rotation stages are probably not adequate enough.Moreover,traditional energy ratio of pump and probe pulses,which is 9:1,may not be ideal and could be changed to 2:1 in the reflection geometry.Considering all the above factors,the enhancement on the order of 1000 is possible in the current experiment.Nevertheless,near-Brewster angle reflection will enhance both the signal and the noise caused by the signal itself,therefore this method only works if the noise is unrelated to the signal,particularly if the noise is caused by the fluctuation in the probe.It cannot improve the signal to noise ratio when the dominate noise is from the signal itself.The theoretical results here agree reasonably well with published experiment results and pave way for realizing even higher enhancement at nearer-Brewster angle.展开更多
Myocyte enhancer factor 2B （MEF2B） gene belongs to myocyte enhancer factor 2 （MEF2） gene family. They are all widely expressed in muscle and nerve tissues of human and animals. MEF2B plays an important role in the...Myocyte enhancer factor 2B （MEF2B） gene belongs to myocyte enhancer factor 2 （MEF2） gene family. They are all widely expressed in muscle and nerve tissues of human and animals. MEF2B plays an important role in the growth of muscle, development and differentiation of nerve system and liver fibrosis. This re- view mainly focused on the structural characteristics, tissue distribution, biological functions and research progress of MEF2B gene in human and animals.展开更多
Long non-coding(lnc)RNA plays important roles in many cellular processes.The function of the vast majority of lncRNAs remains unknown.Here we identified that lncRNA-1700113A16RIK existed in skeletal muscle stem cells(...Long non-coding(lnc)RNA plays important roles in many cellular processes.The function of the vast majority of lncRNAs remains unknown.Here we identified that lncRNA-1700113A16RIK existed in skeletal muscle stem cells(MuSCs)and was significantly elevated during MuSC differentiation.Knockdown of 1700113A16RIK inhibits the differentiation of muscle stem cells.In contrast,overexpression of 1700113A16RIK promotes the differentiation of muscle stem cells.Further study shows the muscle specific transcription factor Myogenin(MyoG)positively regulates the expression of 1700113A16RIK by binding to the promoter region of 1700113A16RIK.Mechanistically,1700113A16RIK may regulate the expression of myogenic genes by directly binding to 3’UTR of an important myogenic transcription factor MEF2D,which in turn promotes the translation of MEF2D.Taken together,our results defined 1700113A16RIK as a positive regulator of MuSC differentiation and elucidated a mechanism as to how 1700113A16RIK regulated MuSC differentiation.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21973102,No.21573243,and No.21327802)。
文摘In this work,we simulated 2D infrared spectroscopy(IR)spectroscopy in both transmission geometry and Brewster-angle reflection geometry.Light dispersion and the leakage of s-polarized light are considered in simulating the enhancement factor of the reflection mode.Our simulation shows that the dispersion in reflection will only alter the 2D IR lineshape slightly and can be corrected.Leaking spolarized light due to imperfectness of IR polarizers in the reflection geometry may limit the enhancement factor,but such limit is above what a typical experiment can reach.In the current experiment,the enhancement factor is mainly limited by the precision of incident angle,for which ordinary rotation stages are probably not adequate enough.Moreover,traditional energy ratio of pump and probe pulses,which is 9:1,may not be ideal and could be changed to 2:1 in the reflection geometry.Considering all the above factors,the enhancement on the order of 1000 is possible in the current experiment.Nevertheless,near-Brewster angle reflection will enhance both the signal and the noise caused by the signal itself,therefore this method only works if the noise is unrelated to the signal,particularly if the noise is caused by the fluctuation in the probe.It cannot improve the signal to noise ratio when the dominate noise is from the signal itself.The theoretical results here agree reasonably well with published experiment results and pave way for realizing even higher enhancement at nearer-Brewster angle.
基金Supported by Financial Project from Ministry of Agriculture(2014-2130135)Specia Fund for Basal Scientific Research of Central Public-interest Scientific Institutes,Beijing Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary,Chinese Academy of Agricultura Sciences(2014ywf-yb-7)~~
文摘Myocyte enhancer factor 2B （MEF2B） gene belongs to myocyte enhancer factor 2 （MEF2） gene family. They are all widely expressed in muscle and nerve tissues of human and animals. MEF2B plays an important role in the growth of muscle, development and differentiation of nerve system and liver fibrosis. This re- view mainly focused on the structural characteristics, tissue distribution, biological functions and research progress of MEF2B gene in human and animals.
基金This work was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Science(XDA16020400 to P.H.)Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2017YFA0102700 to P.H.)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170804 to P.H.and 81200355 to W.Y.)CAS-Youth Innovation Program Association(2016246 to W.Y.)Shanghai Natural Science Foundation(18ZR1446300 to W.Y.).
文摘Long non-coding(lnc)RNA plays important roles in many cellular processes.The function of the vast majority of lncRNAs remains unknown.Here we identified that lncRNA-1700113A16RIK existed in skeletal muscle stem cells(MuSCs)and was significantly elevated during MuSC differentiation.Knockdown of 1700113A16RIK inhibits the differentiation of muscle stem cells.In contrast,overexpression of 1700113A16RIK promotes the differentiation of muscle stem cells.Further study shows the muscle specific transcription factor Myogenin(MyoG)positively regulates the expression of 1700113A16RIK by binding to the promoter region of 1700113A16RIK.Mechanistically,1700113A16RIK may regulate the expression of myogenic genes by directly binding to 3’UTR of an important myogenic transcription factor MEF2D,which in turn promotes the translation of MEF2D.Taken together,our results defined 1700113A16RIK as a positive regulator of MuSC differentiation and elucidated a mechanism as to how 1700113A16RIK regulated MuSC differentiation.
