厚壳贻贝抗菌肽Mytilin的初步鉴定

厚壳贻贝是我国具有重大经济价值的水产养殖贝类,对其抗菌肽的研究有助于人们了解厚壳贻贝的免疫机制。为了解厚壳贻贝血清中抗菌肽Mytilin的分子组成和特性,采用多维高效液相色谱对厚壳贻贝血清进行分离纯化,从中获得3种对革兰氏阳性菌以及阴性菌均有抑制作用的抗菌肽分子,序列分析表明3种抗菌肽具有较高的序列相似性,均属于贻贝抗菌肽Mytilin家族,分别命名为Mytilin-1,Mytilin-2和Mytilin-3。其中,Mytilin-1为34个氨基酸残基构成的多肽,其分子量为3885.17u,含8个半胱氨酸,形成4对二硫键。根据所测Mytilin-1的氨基酸序列设计特异性引物,通过菌落PCR方法筛选厚壳贻贝cDNA文库,获得Mytilin-1的cDNA基因并进行了序列分析。以上研究结果表明,作为贻贝的主要抗菌肽家族,Mytilin在厚壳贻贝血清中具有较高丰度,对其蛋白质序列以及基因序列的研究为深入了解厚壳贻贝Mytilin抗菌肽的分子多样性奠定了基础。

厚壳贻贝抗菌肽mytilin和myticin的cDNA基因的克隆与序列分析

抗菌肽是贻贝免疫系统中的一个重要组成部分,也是目前海洋生物抗菌肽研究的重要内容。在贻贝抗菌肽家族中,mytilin和myticin是目前贻贝抗菌肽研究中发现成员最多,丰度最高的两个家族,在贻贝免疫系统中占有重要的地位。为了解厚壳贻贝抗菌肽mytilin和myticin的基因组成及其多样性机制,通过设计特异性引物,以厚壳贻贝血细胞cDNA文库为模板进行PCR扩增以筛选文库,共克隆到8条mytilin的同源cDNA序列和9条myticin的同源cDNA序列,并对其基因序列及推导的氨基酸序列进行了序列比对和变异位点初步分析。上述研究为将来深入研究厚壳贻贝的免疫机制及筛选具有开发价值的抗菌肽分子奠定了理论基础。

A Preliminary Analysis on the Construction and Expression of Eukaryotic Expression Vectors of Mytilin and Myticin from Mytilus coruscus

[Objective] The aim was to study the construction and expression of eukaryotic expression vectors of antibacterial peptides （mytilin and myticin） from Mytilus coruscus.[Method] By the screening of antibacterial peptide genes of mytilin and myticin of Mytilus coruscus,five antibacterial peptide genes were selected.Then,the relative eukaryotic expressing vectors were constructed by the use of PCR technique and DNA recombinant technology.Subsequently,they were transferred in to S78 Saccharomyces cerevisia by using LiAC transformation method,and then preliminary expressing analysis was carried out.[Result] Five eukaryotic expressing vectors of antibacterial peptides from Mytilus coruscus were successfully constructed,and the results of mRNA detection revealed that the five antibacterial peptides from Mytilus coruscus were successfully transcribed.[Conclusion] The results provide a basis for using genetic engineering to express antibacterial peptides of mytilin and myticin from Mytilus coruscus,and for developing the further study of antibacterial peptides from Mytilus coruscus based on this.

厚壳贻贝抗菌肽mytilin和myticin真核表达载体构建及表达的初步分析

[目的]研究厚壳贻贝抗菌肽mytilin和myticin真核表达载体构建及表达。[方法]通过对前期所获得的厚壳贻贝多条mytilin和myticin抗菌肽基因进行筛选,选择其中5条厚壳贻贝抗菌肽基因,采用PCR技术和DNA重组技术构建了相关的真核表达载体,并采用LiAC转化法将其转化到S78酿酒酵母中并进行初步表达分析。[结果]5种厚壳贻贝抗菌肽基因的真核表达载体构建成功,对转化酵母进行mRNA检测结果表明,5种厚壳贻贝抗菌肽的基因在S78酵母中成功转录。[结论]该研究结果为最终采取基因工程手段表达厚壳贻贝抗菌肽mytilin和myticin并在此基础上开展厚壳贻贝抗菌肽的后续研究奠定基础。

贻贝抗菌肽的研究进展

贻贝中存在多种抗菌肽 ,根据一级结构的不同分为 4种 :defensin(防卫肽 )、mytilin、myticin和mytimycin。抗菌肽以前体的形式存在 ,在缺乏感染等刺激物的情况下 ,成熟前体以活性方式储存在血液中 ,当受到感染后便参与组织反应。它们的抗感染反应与哺乳动物吞噬细胞的作用相似 ,不同的抗菌肽具有不同的抗菌谱。抗菌肽是机体在进化过程中非特异性免疫系统中的一种。

An Estimation of the Diet of the Species Serranus Scriba （Linnaeus, 1758） in the Area of Nisiopi, in South-West Lesvos

The current study examines the diet of Serranus scriba （Osteichtyes of the family Serranidae）. This species of fish was collected using gillnets at the sea near the village of Sigri which is located in the South-West side of the island of Lesvos. Based on the results, Serranus scriba is characterized as carnivorous with a preference in Decapods. Also, the GSI （Gonado Somatic Index）, HSI （Hepato Somatic Index） and CF （Condition Factor） index were calculated, with the estimation of numbers of females and males and separation of mature stages using the scale Nikolsky. Majority of the individuals of this species are females with a ratio of 88% versus male with 12%. And based on the calculation of indicators they are characterized quite mature, with good percentage of stored energy and good condition of healthiness. Moreover, it is concluded, based on the above analysis, in the area there was plenty of food for the individuals of this species in their breeding season （April-August breeding season）.

基于厚壳贻贝Mytilin-1的抗菌肽设计、固相合成及抗菌谱分析

贻贝抗菌肽Mytilin是贻贝免疫系统的重要组成部分,对其结构与功能的研究表明,其序列中连接两段β-折叠的发夹区域是其抗菌功能的关键所在。为验证该区域是否具有抗菌活性,通过对厚壳贻贝Mytilus coruscus抗菌肽Mytilin进行空间结构模拟,选取其中β-发夹部分肽段,采用了固相化学合成的方法合成了两条10肽,分别命名为Mytilin Derived Peptide-1(MDP-1)和Mytilin Derived Peptide-2(MDP-2)。高效液相色谱以及质谱检测结果表明,合成是成功的。抗菌谱研究表明,MDP-1和MDP-2对革兰氏阳性菌、阴性菌以及真菌均具有明显的抑制作用,同时,合成的MDP由于序列短且有两对二硫键,因此对于温度及人血浆均表现出很强的稳定性。上述研究结果为深入了解厚壳贻贝抗菌肽Mytilin的抗菌机制以及在此基础上开发具有应用价值的新型抗菌肽奠定了基础。