Nitrogen(N)deep placement has been found to reduce N leaching and increase N use efficiency in paddy fields.However,relatively little is known how bacterial consortia,especially abundant and rare taxa,respond to N dee...Nitrogen(N)deep placement has been found to reduce N leaching and increase N use efficiency in paddy fields.However,relatively little is known how bacterial consortia,especially abundant and rare taxa,respond to N deep placement,which is critical for understanding the biodiversity and function of agricultural ecosystem.In this study,lllumina sequencing and ecological models were conducted to examine the diversity patterns and underlying assembly mechanisms of abundant and rare taxa in rice rhizosphere soil under different N fertilization regimes at four rice growth stages in paddy fields.The results showed that abundant and rare bacteria had distinct distribution patterns in rhizosphere samples.Abundant bacteria showed ubiquitous distribution;while rare taxa exhibited uneven distribution across all samples.Stochastic processes dominated community assembly of both abundant and rare bacteria,with dispersal limitation playing a more vital role in abundant bacteria,and undominated processes playing a more important role in rare bacteria.The N deep placement was associated with a greater influence of dispersal limitation than the broadcast N fertilizer(BN)and no N fertilizer(NN)treatments in abundant and rare taxa of rhizosphere soil;while greater contributions from homogenizing dispersal were observed for BN and NN in rare taxa.Network analysis indicated that abundant taxa with closer relationships were usually more likely to occupy the central position of the network than rare taxa.Nevertheless,most of the keystone species were rare taxa and might have played essential roles in maintaining the network stability.Overall,these findings highlighted that the ecological mechanisms and co-occurrence patterns of abundant and rare bacteria in rhizosphere soil under N deep placement.展开更多
运用大型原状土柱在田间条件下比较了水稻基肥干耕施(干施)与湿耙施(湿施)对氮素损失与水稻氮素吸收的影响,试验设尿素干施、湿施与对照3个处理,同步测定了施肥后小区的氨挥发、淋洗以及水稻的吸氮量。结果表明:(1)干施法氨挥发显著低...运用大型原状土柱在田间条件下比较了水稻基肥干耕施(干施)与湿耙施(湿施)对氮素损失与水稻氮素吸收的影响,试验设尿素干施、湿施与对照3个处理,同步测定了施肥后小区的氨挥发、淋洗以及水稻的吸氮量。结果表明:(1)干施法氨挥发显著低于湿施法,模拟试验分别为40.1与68.8 kg hm-2,占施氮量的13.4%与22.9%,2004年的大田试验分别为19.2与26.2 kg hm-2,占施氮量的7.7%与10.4%;(2)而干施法的总氮(TN)淋洗量显著大于湿施法,分别为14.3与4.6 kg hm-2,占施氮量的4.8%与1.5%,氮的淋洗以NO3--N为主,占总量的73.7%～97.3%,两者的NH4+-N淋洗量差别很小;(3)与湿施法相比,干施法净减少氮肥损失19.0 kg hm-2,水稻吸氮量增加15.1 kg hm-2,氮肥利用率提高了5个百分点,产量略有提高,而土壤含氮量没有显著变化。因此,水稻基肥尿素干深施法是一项值得推广的施肥方法。展开更多
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0200309 and 2018YFD0301104-01).
文摘Nitrogen(N)deep placement has been found to reduce N leaching and increase N use efficiency in paddy fields.However,relatively little is known how bacterial consortia,especially abundant and rare taxa,respond to N deep placement,which is critical for understanding the biodiversity and function of agricultural ecosystem.In this study,lllumina sequencing and ecological models were conducted to examine the diversity patterns and underlying assembly mechanisms of abundant and rare taxa in rice rhizosphere soil under different N fertilization regimes at four rice growth stages in paddy fields.The results showed that abundant and rare bacteria had distinct distribution patterns in rhizosphere samples.Abundant bacteria showed ubiquitous distribution;while rare taxa exhibited uneven distribution across all samples.Stochastic processes dominated community assembly of both abundant and rare bacteria,with dispersal limitation playing a more vital role in abundant bacteria,and undominated processes playing a more important role in rare bacteria.The N deep placement was associated with a greater influence of dispersal limitation than the broadcast N fertilizer(BN)and no N fertilizer(NN)treatments in abundant and rare taxa of rhizosphere soil;while greater contributions from homogenizing dispersal were observed for BN and NN in rare taxa.Network analysis indicated that abundant taxa with closer relationships were usually more likely to occupy the central position of the network than rare taxa.Nevertheless,most of the keystone species were rare taxa and might have played essential roles in maintaining the network stability.Overall,these findings highlighted that the ecological mechanisms and co-occurrence patterns of abundant and rare bacteria in rhizosphere soil under N deep placement.
文摘运用大型原状土柱在田间条件下比较了水稻基肥干耕施(干施)与湿耙施(湿施)对氮素损失与水稻氮素吸收的影响,试验设尿素干施、湿施与对照3个处理,同步测定了施肥后小区的氨挥发、淋洗以及水稻的吸氮量。结果表明:(1)干施法氨挥发显著低于湿施法,模拟试验分别为40.1与68.8 kg hm-2,占施氮量的13.4%与22.9%,2004年的大田试验分别为19.2与26.2 kg hm-2,占施氮量的7.7%与10.4%;(2)而干施法的总氮(TN)淋洗量显著大于湿施法,分别为14.3与4.6 kg hm-2,占施氮量的4.8%与1.5%,氮的淋洗以NO3--N为主,占总量的73.7%～97.3%,两者的NH4+-N淋洗量差别很小;(3)与湿施法相比,干施法净减少氮肥损失19.0 kg hm-2,水稻吸氮量增加15.1 kg hm-2,氮肥利用率提高了5个百分点,产量略有提高,而土壤含氮量没有显著变化。因此,水稻基肥尿素干深施法是一项值得推广的施肥方法。
