浅析锂电行业产生的N–甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)废液的固废属性

锂电行业的迅猛发展,产生的NMP废液的量亦逐步上升,其固废属性问题在一定程度上影响了NMP废液的回收再生方式。本文就锂电行业产生的NMP废液的固废属性问题展开论述,以期为锂电生产厂家对NMP废液的有效管理提供参考。

Study on the repairing effect of poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone-co-methacrylic acid)on permed or bleached damaged hair

The repairing effect of poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone-co-methacrylic acid)on permed or bleached damaged hair was studied.The combing and tensile strength of permed and bleached hair before and after treatment with the copolymer solution were tested,and the effects of the mass fraction of copolymer solution and immerseing time on the combing and tensile strength for permed or bleached damaged hair were investigated.The repair mechanism of permed or bleached damaged hair was also explored.The results show that when the immersing time is 3 hours,the tensile strength of the permed hair increases with the mass fraction of the copolymer solution Tensile strength within 0%-0.3%,but no obvious change is observed when250 Yield strength the mass fraction is over 0.3%.Therefore,the optimal mass 200 fraction of the copolymer solution for repairing the permed hair(cN/dtex)is 0.3%.Similarly,the optimal mass fraction of the copolymer 150strength/solution for repairing the bleached hair is 0.5%.Furthermore,the effects of immersing time on the tensile strength of the100Tensile damaged hair fibers were compared between the permed and90 bleached hair before and after treatment with the copolymer500.40.30.500.10.2 solution.Coincidentally,the optimal immersion time for permedw(P(NVP-co-MAA))/%or bleached damaged hair is both 2 hours.The tensile strength of the permed and bleached hair soaked in 0.3%and 0.5%copolymer solutions for 2 hours increases by 15.55%and 18.12%,respectively,compared to untreated hair.Through infrared spectroscopy analysis,it is found that the amide II band in hair fibers shifted to the blue after repair,with the wave number shift of 11.12 and 11.09 cm^(-1),which confirm the formation of hydrogen bonds in the hair samples.Additionally,the urea hydrogen bond disruption experiment demonstrates that urea does not disrupt the hydrogen bonds in untreated hair fibers,but prevents the formation of new hydrogen bonds in damaged hair fibers.It further validates that the improvement of the tensile strength of the copolymer treated damaged hair fibers is mainly due to the formation of hydrogen bonds.After treatment with the copolymer,the dry and wet combing friction decrease by 30.73%and 28.55%for the permed hair,and decrease by 28.55%and 24.83%for the bleached hairs,respectively.The scanning electron microscope shows that the copolymer can flatten the cuticle and fill the space between the raised cuticles.

Framework-solvent interactional mechanism and effect of NMP/DMF on solvothermal synthesis of [Zn_4O(BDC)_3]_8

In order to explore the effect mechanism of solvent on the synthesis of the metal organic framework materials, the microscopic interaction between solvent and framework and the effects of N,N-dimethyl-formamide(DMF) or N-methyl- 2-pyrrolidone(NMP) on solvothermal synthesis of [Zn4O(BDC)3]8 were investigated through a combined DFT and experimental study. XRD and SEM showed that the absorbability of NMP in the pore of [Zn4O(BDC)3]8 was weaker than that of DMF. The thermal decomposition temperature of [Zn4O(BDC)3]8 synthesized in DMF was higher than that in NMP according to TG and FT-IR. In addition, the nitrogen sorption isotherms indicated that NMP improved gas sorption property of [Zn4O(BDC)3]8. The COSMO optimized calculations indicated that the total energy of Zn4O(BDC)3 in NMP was higher than that in DMF, and compared with non-solvent system, the charge of zinc atoms decreased and the charge value was the smallest in NMP. Furthermore, the interaction of DMF, NMP or DEF in [Zn4O(BDC)3]8 crystal model was calculated by DFT method. The results suggested that NMP should be easier to be removed from pore of materials than DMF from the point of view of energy state. It can be concluded that NMP was a favorable solvent to synthesize [Zn4O(BDC)3]8 and the microscopic mechanism was that the binding force between Zn4O(BDC)3 and NMP molecule was weaker than DMF.

储能锂离子电池制造用NMP溶剂回收工艺对比

N–甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)是制作锂离子电池正极材料不可或缺的溶剂。其价格高且需求量随着锂离子电池需求的日益增加而逐渐上涨。制作锂离子电池正极的废液中含有大量的NMP,若直接排放不仅污染环境且造成资源浪费。因此,探索适合自身工厂的生产特点,且满足当地环保要求的NMP回收工艺,是锂离子电池生产商不断改进和提升的工作。由此开发NMP的低成本回收工艺具有明确的应用背景和经济效益。笔者比对3种经济有效的NMP溶剂回收工艺,从回收装置原理、回收工艺过程、性能特点等几方面进行阐述,以期为相关工厂和研究人员提供参考依据。

Solid-Liquid Equilibrium of Terephthalic Acid in Several Solvents

Terephthalic acid(PTA) is practically one of the main materials of polyester. Its corresponding solid-liquid equilibrium data will provide essential support for industry design and further theoretical studies. In this work,solid-liquid equilibriums of terephthalic acid in four solvents, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide,dimethylsulphoxide and N-methyl-2-ketopyrrolidene, were determined in the temperature range from 293.15 K to 364.6 K by dynamic method. All these data were regressed by λh model, Wilson model and NRTL model, average absolute relative deviations of which are 1.25%, 15.02% and 7.22% respectively. It indicates that λh model is mostsuitable for description of the solid-liquid equilibrium containing PTA.

Caking property and active components of coal based on group component separation

The content and the caking index of the heavy,the dense medium and the loose medium components of coal,obtained by extraction and stripping with CS_2/N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone mixed solvent(1:1 by volume),were studied and correlated with the caking property of raw coals.Images of the three group components after heat treatment were analyzed.The results show that both caking index(G) and maximum thickness of plastic layer(Y) of coals have a good linear relationship with the content of the medium component;the dense medium and the loose medium components are the two key factors to determine the caking property of raw coals-they are the source materials of fluidity and swelling of coal,respectively;the heavy component without the swelling and fluidity was cohered by the other components;two new indexes,which can extend current understanding of the caking properties,were introduced.

Fabrication of cost effective iron ore slime ceramic membrane for the recovery of organic solvent used in coke production

Improvement of coking properties of sub-bituminous coal （A） and bituminous coal （B） was done using blended organic solvents, namely, n-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone （NMP） and ethylenediamine （EDA）. Various solvent blends were employed for the coal extraction under the total reflux condition. A low-cost ceramic membrane was fabricated using industrial waste iron ore slime of M/s TATA steel R＆D, Jamshedpur （India） to separate out the dissolved coking fraction from the solvent-coal mixture. Membrane separations were carried out in a batch cell, and around 75 % recovered NMP was reused. The fractionated coal properties were determined using proximate and ultimate analyses. In the case of bituminous coal, the ash and sulfur contents were decreased by 99.3 % and 79.2 %, respectively, whereas, the carbon content was increased by 23.9 % in the separated coal fraction. Three different cleaning agents, namely deionized water, sodium dodecyl sulphate and NMP were used to regain the original membrane permeability for the reusing.

Pre-dispersed carbon black as conductive agent for LiFePO_4 cathodes

High dispersed carbon black was applied for LiFePO4 cathodes as conductive agent.Nano-conductive carbon agent was pre-dispersed with poly acrylic acid(PAA) as dispersant in organic N-methyl-pyrrolidone(NMP) solvent system.The dispersion property of nano-conductive carbon agent was evaluated using particle size distribution measurements,scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and transmission electron microscope(TEM).LiFePO4 cathode with as-received nano-conductive carbon agent(SP) and LiFePO4 cathode with pre-dispersed nano-conductive carbon agent(SP-PAA) were examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),cyclic voltammetry(CV),electrochemical impendence spectroscopy(EIS) and charge/discharge cycling performance.Results show that the dispersion property of carbon black is improved by using PAA as the dispersant.The LiFePO4 cathodes with SP-PAA exhibit improved rate behaviors(4C,135.1 mAh/g) and cycle performance(95%,200 cycles) compared to LiFePO4 cathodes with SP(4C,103.9 mAh/g and 83%,200 cycles).Because pre-dispersed carbon black(SP-PAA) is dispersed homogeneously in the dried composite electrode to form a more uniform conductive network between the active material particles,electrochemical performances of the LiFePO4 cathodes are improved.

Excess Molar Volumes and Viscosities of Binary Mixtures of p-Xylene with Cyclohexane, n-Heptane, n-Octane, Sulfolane, N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone and Acetic Acid at 303.15 K and 323.15 K and Atmospheric Pressure

Experimental data on density and viscosity at 303.15K and 323.15K are presented for the binary mixtures of p-xylene with cyclohexane, n-heptane, n-octane, sulfolane, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and acetic acid.From these data, the excess molar volume and deviations in viscosity have been calculated. The computed quantities have been fitted to the Redlich-Kister Equation to derive coefficients and estimate the standard error values. Results are discussed in terms of intermolecular interactions.

萃取精馏分离裂解C5

通过汽液平衡实验和萃取精馏实验说明N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)是分离裂解C5馏分的有效溶剂,利用加水能降低沸点这一特点对萃取剂进行了优化.同时考察了剂料比及回流比对萃取精馏分离效果的影响,结果表明轻、重组分最佳剂料比分别为2:1与3:1,最适宜回流比皆为5:1.