Synthesis and Immunosuppressive Activity of New Amino Alcohol Derivatives(Ⅰ)

A series of new amino alcohol derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for their immunosuppressive activity on mouse peripheral blood lymphocytes.The structures were confirmed by means of 1H NMR,13C NMR,IR and MS.Most of the compounds display moderate to potent inhibitory activity.Compound 9d shows the most activity among them that are expected as a powerful candidate for safer immunosuppressant for organ transplantations and the treatment of autoimmune diseases.

Convenient Asymmetric Borane Reduction of Ketones Catalyzed by Simple Amino Alcohols and Corresponding Amino Acids

An asymmetric borane reduction of prochiral ketones catalyzed by simple amino alcohols and corresponding amino acids was examined to give alcohols with e.e. value up to 92% .

Synthesis and Immunosuppressive Activity of New Amino Alcohols Derivatives(II)

A series of new amino alcohols derivatives was synthesized with 6-bromo-2-tetralone as starting material, 6-substituted-2-tetralone as intermediate and Ullmann reaction, Suzuki reaction and spiro-hydantoin hydrolysis as key steps. The structures of key intermediate and target compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and MS. Bioactivity researches show that the target compounds have certain inhibition effects on mice peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Efficiency of Amino Alcohols as Corrosion Inhibitors in Reinforced Concrete

The objective of this paper is to investigate the behaviour of amino alcohol corrosion inhibitors when they are used in reinforced cement mortars either as admixtures in the cement paste or as coating applications on the surface of the rebars. The reinforced cement mortars were exposed to both partial and full immersion in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. Electrochemical measurements such as half-cell potential and linear polarization technique, as well as weight loss of the embedded rebars were performed in order to obtain information on the corrosion behaviour of the reinforcing steel in cement mortar. Results demonstrate that the amino alcohol corrosion inhibitors offer protection against rebar corrosion in cement mortars.

Synthesis of new chiral 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline β-amino alcohols from L-DOPA

Four new chiral 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-derived β-amino alcohols were synthesized from L-DOPA in good yields. The structures of the target compounds were confirmed by ^1H NMR, ^13C NMR and MS.

Schiff-base Amino Alcohol-zinc Complex for Enantioselective Addition of Phenylacetylene to Aromatic Ketones

A complete study of the asymmetric addition of phenylacetylene to ketones catalyzed by Schiff-base amino alcohol-Zn complex is reported in this article. The Schiff-base amino alcohols were easily prepared from amino acids in three steps. When the amount of ligand was 1%（molar fraction）, an e.e. value up to 94% was obtained. A series of practical chiral ligands were applied in the enantioselective addition of phenylacetylene to ketones without adding another stronger Lewis acid except zinc.

Highly Regio-Selective Synthesis of β-Amino Alcohol by Reaction with Aniline and Propylene Carbonate in Self Solvent System over Large Pore Zeolite Catalyst

The nucleophilic ring opening of epoxides with amines is a well known route for the synthesis of β-amino alcohols. The use of carbonates offers significant advantages over epoxides as they are far less hazardous materials, safe for handling, do not require high-pressure equipment and most notably the possibility of solvent less reactions. In this work, utilization of zeolite as host catalyst in the reaction media for synthesis of β-amino alcohols without using solvent is reported.

Enantiomeric Separation of Amino Alcohols by Ion-pair Chromatography

Enantiomers of four amino alcohols were resolved by ion-pair chromatography with (+)-10-camphorsulphonic acid as chiral counter ion. Studies of the influence of the mobile phase composition, the solute structure and the mobile phase flow-rate on separation are presented. Under the optimized conditions enantiomeric propanolol, norephedrine, metropolol and salbutamol were separated using dichloromethane-1-pentanol (97:3 v/v) as mobile phase on Lichrospher-100-DIOL column.

Enantioselective Reduction of Achiral Ketones with NaBH_4/I_2 Catalyzed by (S)-Ferrocenyl Amino Alcohols

The reduction reagents prepared from sodium borohydride, I-2 and a catalytic amount of chiral ferrocenyl amino alcohols 2a-e have been successfully applied to the enantioselective reduction of ketones. The optically active secondary alcohols were obtained in moderate enantiomeric excess and high chemical yield.

Synthesis,Characterization and Structure of Chiral Amino Acids and Their Corresponding Amino Alcohols with Camphoric Backbone

Chiral amino acids and their corresponding amino alcohols bearing camphoric backbone were prepared from D-（＋）-camphoric imide and characterized by infrared, elemental analysis, ESI-MS, and NMR measurements. Among them, one intermediate （1S,3R）-3-amino-2,2,3- trimethyl cyclopentane-1-carboxylic acid hydrochloride 3 was structurally elucidated by X-ray diffraction techniques. Versatile intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions observed in its packing structure result in a two-dimensional framework.

Chiral Camphor-Based 1,3- and 1,4-Amino Alcohols and Aminodiols as Ligands for Diethylzinc Addition to Aldehydes

Syntheses of (1R,2S,3R,4S)-1,7,7-trimethyl-2-pyridin-2-ylmethylbicyclo[2.2.1]-heptane-2,3-diol (7), (1R,2S,3R,4S)-1,7,7-trimethyl-2-[(6-methyl)-pyridin-2-ylmethyl-bicyclo-[2.2.1]heptane-2,3-diol (13), and (1R,2S,2’R,4R)-1,7,7-trimethyl-2-piperidin-2-ylmethyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol (19b) from commercially available (d)-camphor (1) are described. Key steps of the syntheses involved substrate-controlled diastereoselective alkylation and platinum oxide-catalyzed hydrogenation reactions. These compounds, and other intermediate amino alcohols in their syntheses, were successfully utilized as ligands in enantioselective diethyl zinc (Et2Zn) addition to benzaldehyde with moderate enantioselectivity.

Copper-catalyzed tandem radical amination/1,2-carbon migration of allylic alcohols: Direct access to α-quaternary-β-amino ketones

A novel nitrogen‐centered radical‐induced1,2‐carbon migration reaction of allylic alcohols has been developed.This method provides easy access to a variety ofα‐quaternary‐β‐amino ketones under mild reaction conditions.The reaction has a wide substrate scope and operational simplicity.Mechanistic studies suggest that1,2‐carbon migration is induced by regioselective nitrogen‐centered radical addition to the alkene unit.?2018,Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Published by Elsevier B.V.All rights reserved.

Synthesis of a New Chiral Cyclicβ-Amino Alcohol

A new chiral cyclic β-amino alcohol (R)- 1 -(l '-amino-2'-naphthylethyl)-cyclopentanol2, which had notbeen reported previously, was prepared from (R) - 3 - (2 - naphthy1 )- alanine 3.

A Convenient Method for the Synthesis of Chiral N-Protected 1,2-Amino Alcohols via the Reduction of the Aminoketones

A series of optically active N-protected 1,2-amino alcohols were synthesized via the reduction of the corresponding a-aminoketones starting from the readily available L-amino acids.

A novel reductive ring-opening reaction of isoxazolidine to form functionalized 1,3-aminoalcohol

Reductive cleavage of the NO bond of isoxazolidine ring with catalytic hydrogenation over Raney nickel was described. Bicyclic isoxazolidines could be effectively converted into the corresponding 1,3-amino-alcohol possessing a sultone or sultam moiety with high conversion and yield when the hydrogenation was catalyzed by freshly prepared Raney nickel under a pressure of 40 psi in the presence of triethylamine.

Enantioselective addition of diethylzinc to aryl aldehydes catalyzed by 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline β-amino alcohol

A highly effective,new chiral 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline catalyst 1 for the diethylzinc addition to aryl aldehydes has been investigated.Using 10 mol%of this chiral catalyst,secondary alcohols can be obtained in up to 87%yield and 99.5%ee under mild conditions.

Synthesis of new chiral 1,2,3,4-tertrahydroisoquinoline β-amino alcohol for asymmetric diethylzinc addition to aryl aldehydes(Ⅰ)

Four new chiral 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-derived G-amino alcohols were synthesized from commercially available LDOPA. These ligands were evaluated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehydes and showed different catalytic activities （up to 86% ee）. The solvent played an important role in the enantioselective process. The transition state models were proposed to explain the reversion of the product configuration.

Effect of topiramate on partial excitatory amino acids in hippocampal dentate gyrus of rats after alcohol withdrawal

BACKGROUND： Many researches have indicated that the imbalances of various amino acid transmitters and neurotransmitters in brain are involved in the formation of alcohol withdrawal, especially that glutamic acid is one of the important transmitters for alcohol tolerance in central nervous system. OBJECTIVE： To observe the changes of excitatory amino acids in hippocampal dentate gyrus in rats with long-term alcohol drinking after withdrawal under consciousness, and investigate the therapeutic effect of topiramate on alcohol withdrawal. DESIGN ： A randomized control animal experiment SETTING ： Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University MATERIALS： Thirty male Wistar rats of 4 months old, weighing 300-350 g, were purchased from the Experimental Animal Department, Medical College of Yanbian University. Topiramate was produced by Swish Cilag Company, and the batch number was 02CS063. METHODS： The experiments were carried out in the Department of Physiology, Medical College of Yanbian University from August 2005 to February 2006. ① The rats were divided randomly into three groups： control group （n=10）, alcohol group （n=10） and topiramate-treated group （n=10）. Rats in the alcohol group and topiramate-treated group were given intragastric perfusion of 500 g/L alcohol （10 mL/kg）, once a day for 4 weeks successively, and then those in the topiramate-treated group were treated with 80 mg/kg topiramate at 24 hours after the last perfusion of alcohol, once a day for 3 days successively. Rats in the control group were intragastricly given isovolume saline. ② The withdrawal symptoms were assessed at 6, 30, 48 and 72 hours after the last perfusion of alcohol by using the withdrawal rating scale set by Erden et al, which had four observational indexes of stereotyped behaviors, agitation, tail stiffness and abnormal posture, each index was scored by 5 points, the higher the score, the more obvious the symptoms. ③ The contents of aspartic acid and glutamic acid in hippocampal dentate gyrus were detected with microdialysis technique and high-performance liquid chromatograpy （HPLC） respectively at 6, 30, 48 and 72 hours after the last perfusion of alcohol in the three groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ： ① Scoring results of alcohol withdrawal symptoms; ② Changes of the contents of aspartic acid and glutamic acid in hippocampal dentate gyrus at the alcohol withdrawal symptoms, and the effects of topiramate. RESULTS： Seven rats were excluded due to inaccurate localization and natural death, and 23 rats were involved in the analysis of results. ①In the alcohol group, the scores of alcohol withdrawal symptoms at 30 and 48 hours after the last perfusion of alcohol were obviously higher than those in the control group （10.50±0.96, 14.17±1.25; 3.50±0.92, 3.16±0,31; P 〈 0.01）. In the topiramate-treated group, the scores at 30 hours after the last perfusion of alcohol （6.06±0.82, 3.50±0.92, P 〈 0.05）, and the withdrawal scores at 48 and 72 hours were close to those in the control group （4.57±0.58, 3.30±0.71; 3.16±0.31, 3.66±0.67; P 〉 0.05）.② Changes of the contents of glutamic acid in hippocampal dentate gyrus： In the alcohol group, the content of glutamic acid at 48 hours after the last perfusion of alcohol was significantly increased as compared with that at 6 hours [（143.32±11.42）%, （99.12±0.69）%; P 〈 0.05], and that at 72 hours was close to that at 6 hours [（78.50±16.40）%, （99.12±0.69）%; P 〉 0.05]. The contents of glutamic acid had no obvious differences at 6, 30, 48 and 72 hours after the last perfusion of alcohol in the topiramate-treated group [（100.30±0.37）%, （118.91±10.40）%, （99.55±12.81）%, （99.08±11.42）%; P 〉 0.05], The content of glutamic acid at 48 hours after the last perfusion of alcohol in the topiramate-treated group was obviously lower than that in the alcohol group （P 〈 0.05）, and those at 30 and 72 hours were close （P 〉 0.05）. ③ Changes of the contents of aspartic acid in hippocampal dentate gyrus： In the alcohol group, the contents of aspartic acid at 30 and 48 hours after the last perfusion of alcohol were significantly increased as compared with that at 6 hours [（126.60±8.67）%, （129.17±10.40）%, （99.25±0.87）%; P 〈 0.05], and that at 72 hours was close to that at 6 hours [（89.87±9.93）%, （99.25±0.87）%; P 〉 0.05]. The contents of aspartic acid had no obvious differences at 6, 30, 48 and 72 hours after the last perfusion of alcohol in the topiramate-treated group [（100.27±0.32）%, （120.81 ±12.63）%, （98.91±7.83）%, （85.92±8.07）%; P 〉 0.05]. The content of aspartic acid at 48 hours after the last perfusion of alcohol in the topiramate-treated group was obviously lower than that in the alcohol group （P 〈 0.05）, and those at 30 and 72 hours were close （P 〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： ① The occurrences of alcohol withdrawal symptoms are correlated with the increased contents of excitatory amino acids in hippocampal dentate gyrus in rats. ② Topiramate can alleviate the alcohol withdrawal symptoms, which may be correlated with the decreased contents of excitatory amino acids in hippocampal dentate gyrus in rats.

氨基酸代谢在非酒精性脂肪性肝病中的作用机制

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)是全球最普遍的慢性肝病之一,影响全球约1/4的人口,预计到2030年将成为肝移植的主要适应证。NAFLD可导致包括支链氨基酸在内的多种氨基酸水平显著异常,进而促进NAFLD的发生发展。提示除葡萄糖代谢和脂质代谢外,氨基酸代谢也在NAFLD疾病进展中发挥了重要作用。为系统了解氨基酸代谢在NAFLD中的作用及其机制,本文针对氨基酸代谢在NAFLD中的研究进展进行了综述。拟探讨氨基酸代谢在NAFLD疾病进展中发挥的作用及其相关机制,为临床防治提供思路和理论依据。