Global energy issues and the reliance on hydrocarbon resources have resulted in the reduction of petroleum sources, and the focus of the chemical industries has shifted to substitute raw material sources. The major ra...Global energy issues and the reliance on hydrocarbon resources have resulted in the reduction of petroleum sources, and the focus of the chemical industries has shifted to substitute raw material sources. The major raw materials used in wood adhesives, such as hydrocarbons like polyvinyl acetate, would be gradually replaced by renewable natural polymers. Currently, polyvinyl alcohol has the limitation of petroleum origin, which is non-economical and it will be replaced by biopolymers. Conventionally available wood adhesive emulsions are colloid-like polyvinyl alcohol stabilized. Starch, being a naturally available polymer, has gained interest from researchers for replacing polyvinyl alcohol as a stabilizer. New research on sustainable, economical, biodegradable, renewable, and environmentally friendly starch grafted polyvinyl acetate emulsion that was synthesized by the graft polymerization of vinyl acetate monomer onto starch. However, starch grafted polyvinyl acetate emulsion-based adhesive’s properties, such as poor water resistance, weak adhesion, delayed drying rate and delayed setting speed, have resulted in limitations in its application as a wood adhesive. A detailed review of starch grafting on vinyl acetate and comonomers like acrylamides, and acrylic acid, and the addition of nano-fillers to enhance the water resistance and performance properties of sustainable adhesives has been explained.展开更多
A nitrogen phosphorus synergistic flame retardant DCMA was synthesized frOm N-methylol acrylamide （NMA） and Diethyl Chlorophosphate （DC）. The reaction time and reaction mechanism were determined by tracking the re...A nitrogen phosphorus synergistic flame retardant DCMA was synthesized frOm N-methylol acrylamide （NMA） and Diethyl Chlorophosphate （DC）. The reaction time and reaction mechanism were determined by tracking the reaction process using ultraviolet spectrum.The cotton cloth finished with DCMA, by rolling baking process, when the flame retardant concentration from 10% to 30%.the smoldering time decreased from 3S to 1 S, carbon length decreased from 10.5 to 6.3, limiting oxygen index by 31 increased to 36.4.the tensile breaking strength of cotton fabric decreased from 6.46MPa to 3.12MPa.展开更多
文摘Global energy issues and the reliance on hydrocarbon resources have resulted in the reduction of petroleum sources, and the focus of the chemical industries has shifted to substitute raw material sources. The major raw materials used in wood adhesives, such as hydrocarbons like polyvinyl acetate, would be gradually replaced by renewable natural polymers. Currently, polyvinyl alcohol has the limitation of petroleum origin, which is non-economical and it will be replaced by biopolymers. Conventionally available wood adhesive emulsions are colloid-like polyvinyl alcohol stabilized. Starch, being a naturally available polymer, has gained interest from researchers for replacing polyvinyl alcohol as a stabilizer. New research on sustainable, economical, biodegradable, renewable, and environmentally friendly starch grafted polyvinyl acetate emulsion that was synthesized by the graft polymerization of vinyl acetate monomer onto starch. However, starch grafted polyvinyl acetate emulsion-based adhesive’s properties, such as poor water resistance, weak adhesion, delayed drying rate and delayed setting speed, have resulted in limitations in its application as a wood adhesive. A detailed review of starch grafting on vinyl acetate and comonomers like acrylamides, and acrylic acid, and the addition of nano-fillers to enhance the water resistance and performance properties of sustainable adhesives has been explained.
文摘A nitrogen phosphorus synergistic flame retardant DCMA was synthesized frOm N-methylol acrylamide （NMA） and Diethyl Chlorophosphate （DC）. The reaction time and reaction mechanism were determined by tracking the reaction process using ultraviolet spectrum.The cotton cloth finished with DCMA, by rolling baking process, when the flame retardant concentration from 10% to 30%.the smoldering time decreased from 3S to 1 S, carbon length decreased from 10.5 to 6.3, limiting oxygen index by 31 increased to 36.4.the tensile breaking strength of cotton fabric decreased from 6.46MPa to 3.12MPa.
