Interface engineering strategy via electron-defect trimethyl borate additive toward 4.7 V ultrahigh-nickel LiNi_(0.9)Co_(0.05)Mn_(0.05)O_(2)battery

The Li metal battery with ultrahigh-nickel cathode(LiNi_(x)M_(1-x)O_(2),M=Mn,Co,and x≥0.9)under high-voltage is regarded as one of the most promising approaches to fulfill the ambitious target of 400 Wh/kg.However,the practical application is impeded by the instability of electrode/electrolyte interface and Ni-rich cathode itself.Herein we proposed an electron-defect electrolyte additive trimethyl borate(TMB)which is paired with the commercial carbonate electrolyte to construct highly conductive fluorine-and boron-rich cathode electrolyte interface(CEI)on LiNi_(0.9)Co_(0.05)Mn_(0.05)O_(2)(NCM90)surface and solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)on lithium metal surface.The modified CEI effectively mitigates the structural transformation from layered to disordered rock-salt phase,and consequently alleviate the dissolution of transition metal ions(TMs)and its“cross-talk”effect,while the enhanced SEI enables stable lithium plating/striping and thus demonstrated good compatibility between electrolyte and lithium metal anode.As a result,the common electrolyte with 1 wt%TMB enables 4.7 V NCM90/Li cell cycle stably over 100 cycles with 70%capacity retention.This work highlights the significance of the electron-defect boron compounds for designing desirable interfacial chemistries to achieve high performance NCM90/Li battery under high voltage operation.

In vitro polymerization of the dopamine-borate melanin precursor:A proof-of-concept regarding^(10)boron neutron-capture therapy for melanoma

The^(10)boron neutron-capture therapy(BNCT)is an emerging antitumoral method that shows increasing biomedical interest.BNCT is based on the selective accumulation of the^(10)boron isotope within the tumor,which is then irradiated with low-energy thermal neutrons,generating nuclear fission that produces 7lithium,4helium,andγrays.Simple catechol-borate esters have been rather overlooked as precursors of melanin biosynthesis,and therefore,a proof-of-concept approach for using dopamine-borate(DABO)as a suitable boron-containing candidate for potential BNCT is presented here.DABO can spontaneously oxidize and autopolymerize in vitro,giving a soluble,eumelaninlike brown-black poly-DABO product.Melanotic melanoma cell cultures treated with 1 mM DABO for 24 and 48 h were viable and showed no signs of damage or cell death.The stability and possible trans-esterification of DABO is shortly discussed.Chemical calculations and quantitative structure-activity relationships(QSAR)analysis of DABO and the BNCT agent BPA indicated that they should be cell permeant and accumulate within lysosomes and melanosomes.Molecular modeling allows visualization of both the DABO precursor and the structure of a borate derivative of the proposed catechol-porphycene model for eumelanin,showing interesting features from molecular orbital calculations.The main difference between DABO and other agents,such as BPA,is that it is not a boronic acid nor a boron cluster.This simple catechol-borate ester(protected from oxidation and blackening)could be administrated to living cells and organisms,in which biosynthesis of boron-melanin in melanoma melanocytes can lead to improved BNCT.

Preparation, friction and wear properties of hydrophobic lanthanum borate nanorods in rapeseed oil

Oleic acid (denoted as OA) surface-caped lanthanum borate nanorods, abbreviated as OA/LaBO3·H2O, were prepared via hydrothermal method. The microstructures of the as-prepared OA/LaBO3·H2O nanorods were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The friction and wear properties of OA/LaBO3·H2O nanorods in rapeseed oil were evaluated with a four-ball tribo-tester. The results show that the as-prepared OA/LaBO3·H2O nanorods are hydrophobic and display nanorods morphology with uniform diameter of about 50 nm and length of up to 500 nm. In the meantime, OA/LaBO3·H2O nanorods can obviously improve the anti-wear and friction-reducing capacities of rapeseed oil, and the optimal anti-wear and friction-reducing properties of rapeseed oil were obtained at an OA/LaBO3·H2O content of 1% (mass fraction).

盐湖卤水体系Li~＋，Mg^（2＋）／Cl~－，SO_4^（2－），borate

本文总结了作者对盐卤硼酸盐体系Ｌｉ＋，Ｍｇ２＋／Ｃｌ－，ＳＯ４２－，Ｂ４Ｏ７（２－）－Ｈ２Ｏ研究的结果，对该体系涉及的硼酸盐的合成、鉴定和性质进行了研究，并对这些盐在纯水及一些盐溶液中的存在形式进行了初步探索．完成了该体系所包含的一些次级体系的相平衡及溶液物化性质的研究．提出了一种镁硼酸盐Ｍｇ２Ｂ６Ｏ（１１）·１７Ｈ２Ｏ的新合成方法．首次发现三方硼镁石在水中的相转化是分两个阶段进行，从而证明了尼古拉耶夫在２５℃ＭｇＯ—Ｂ２Ｏ３－Ｈ２Ｏ体系研究中三方硼镁石与章氏硼镁石的共饱点，实际上是三方硼镁石向多水硼镁石发生相转化的一个动力学的平衡点，热力学的个稳点的观点．

三元体系Mg^(2+)/Cl^-,Borate—H_2O25℃相关系和溶液性质的研究

用等温溶解法测定了Mg2+／Cl-，Borate-H2O三元体系25℃时的溶解度．此三元体系等温溶解度图为简单共饱型，它的平衡固相分别为三方硼镁石（Mg2B12O20·15H2O）和MgCl2·6H2O，未产生新的复盐或固溶体。拟合了MgB6O10随MgCl2浓度变化的溶解度曲线方程，并且对平稳溶液的物化性质（密度、粘度、折光率、电导、pH值）进行了测定，用半经验公式描述了一些物化性质随浓度的变化规律，结果令人满意。

三元体系Li^+、Mg^(2+)∥borate-H_2O323K相平衡研究

采用等温溶解平衡法,研究了三元体系Li+,Mg2+∥borate-H2O 323 K时的稳定相关系,同时测定了平衡液相的密度和折光率值。根据实验数据,绘制了该三元体系的稳定相图以及密度、折光率组成图。研究结果表明:该三元体系为简单三元体系,无复盐或固溶体生成。稳定相图由1个三元共饱点,2条溶解度单变量曲线和2个单盐结晶区组成。2个结晶区对应的平衡固相分别为Li2B4O7·3H2O和Mg B4O7·9H2O,其中Mg B4O7·9H2O结晶区大于Li2B4O7·3H2O的结晶区。

三元体系Li^+∥Cl^-、borate-H_2O 323K稳定相平衡研究

采用等温溶解平衡法,研究了三元体系Li+∥Cl-、borate-H2O 323 K时的稳定相关系,同时测定了平衡液相的密度和折光率值。根据实验数据,绘制了该三元体系的稳定相图以及密度、折光率组成图。研究结果表明:该三元体系为简单三元体系,无复盐或固溶体生成。该体系稳定相图含有1个共饱点、2条单变量曲线和2个单盐结晶相区。两个结晶区分别对应单盐LiCl·H2O和Li2B4O7·3H2O。LiCl对Li2B4O7有较强的盐析作用。平衡液相的密度和折光率值随着LiCl质量分数的增加而增大。

Fractal analysis of fracture surfaces in aluminum borate whisker-reinforced aluminum alloy 6061 composite

The effect of interface reaction on the fractal dimensions of fracture surface in aluminum borate whisker-reinforced aluminum alloy 6061 composite was investigated. The composite was fabricated by squeeze-casting technique. The fracture surfaces created in tensile test were measured by vertical sectioning method. Fractal phenomena were found in two plots, in which the measuring units were from 3 to 15 μm and 1 to 5 μm, respectively. The relation was established between the tensile properties and fractal dimension with measuring units of 3-15 μm. The results show that the ultimate tensile strength increases while the fracture surface roughness increases with fractal dimension increasing due to the change in fracture mode depending on the degree of interface reaction status induced by heat treatment. But when the measuring units are 1-5 μm, fractal dimension does not change with heat treatment.

三元体系Mg^(2＋)//Cl^-,borate-H_2O在323.15K时相平衡研究

采用等温溶解平衡法研究了三元体系Mg2+//Cl-,borate—H2O在323.15 K时的溶解度及其平衡溶液的物化性质(密度、折光率、pH、电导率)。根据实验数据绘制了相应的平衡相图及其物化性质组成图。发现了镁硼酸盐的转化现象,并用n(三氧化二硼)/n(氧化镁)来表示;该体系在323.15 K时相图中有1个共饱点(水氯镁石+镁硼酸盐),2条单变量溶解度曲线(分别对应镁硼酸盐和水氯镁石的溶解度曲线),2个结晶相区(分别为水氯镁石和镁硼酸盐)。

三元体系Li^+,K^+//borate-H_2O348K相平衡研究

采用等温溶解平衡法研究了三元体系Li+,K+∥borate-H2O在348 K时的相关系及密度、折光率、pH等平衡液相的物化性质。根据实验数据绘制了该三元体系的稳定相图以及物化性质-组成图。研究发现,该三元体系为简单共饱型,无复盐或固溶体形成。该体系稳定相图由一个三元共饱点、2条单变量曲线和2个结晶相区组成,结晶相区对应的平衡固相分别为Li2B4O7.3H2O和K2B4O7.4H2O。K2B4O7对Li2B4O7有盐溶作用。液相物化性质均随着K2B4O7质量分数的变化呈现规律性变化,在单变量曲线AE上随K2B4O7浓度的增大而增大,在单变量曲线BE上随K2B4O7浓度的增大而减小,共饱点E处达到最大值。

Tribological performance of nanometer samarium borate

Nanometer crystal samarium borate with a particle size of 20～40?nm was prepared using replacing solvent drying technique. The wear resistance and load carrying capacity of 500SN base oil could be improved and the friction coefficient could be decreased by the addition of nanometer samarium borate. But the dosage of samarium borate nanoparticles had to be controlled at a relatively low level, a higher concentration of nanoparticles was not of beneficial to the tribological performance of the oil. The optimal dosage of nanometer samarium borate is 1.0%. Tribochemical reactions took place in the tribological process, which resulted in the formation of deposition products including diboron trioxide and disamarium trioxide. Fe 2B and FeB were also found on the wear scar. The improvement of tribological properties of the oil comes from the formation of deposition layer and permeating layer. [

Structure and Properties of a New Rare-earth Borate LiSrY_2(BO_3)_3

The structure of LiSrY2（BO3）3 has been solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis at 298 and 113 K on different diffractometers.It crystallizes in trigonal with space group P-3m1（No.164）.The cell parameters at room temperature are as follows：a = 10.3345（9）,c = 6.4049（11） ,V = 592.41（13） 3,Z = 3,Mr = 448.81,F（000） = 618,μ = 21.327 mm-1 and Dc = 3.774 g/cm3.The crystal structure consists of gear-like [BY6O33] groups which are linked together by corner-sharing to form a two-dimensional layer parallel to the ab plane.These layers are connected one after another by sharing oxygen atoms with B（2） atoms along the c direction to construct a three-dimensional framework.Li and Sr atoms just occupy the cavities formed by oxygen atoms.In addition,the vibrational spectroscopy of LiSrY2（BO3）3 and photoluminescence properties of the Eu3＋ doped LiSrY2（BO3）3 were also studied.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Novel Ternary Borate, NaSrB_5O_9

A novel ternary borate, sodium strontium pentaborate, NaSrB5O9, has been prepared by solid-state reaction below 800 ℃. The single-crystal X-ray structural analysis showed that NaSrB5O9 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 6.499（2）, b = 13.979（3）, c = 8.045（2）A, β = 106.92（2）°, V = 699.2（3）A^3, Z = 4, Mr = 308.66, Dc = 2.932 g/cm^3, μ = 7.804 mm^-1, F（000） = 584, R = 0.0264 and wR = 0.0621 for 2426 observed reflections and 146 variables. NaSrB5O9 is a layered compound containing double ring B5O11 building units composed of two BO4 tetrahedra and three BO3 triangles. Each B5O11 unit is connected to four other equivalent units through exocyclic oxygen atoms to form a two-dimensional ∞^2 [B5O9]^3- layer. Symmetry-center related layers are stacked along the b axis and held together by Na^＋ and Sr^2＋ cations via electrostatic interactions.

Complexation Between Borate ion and Hydroxyl Groups of Phenol-Formaldehyde Resol Resin

The complexation reaction between borate ions and phenol-formaldehyde resol resin in aqueous solution was studied by pH measurement, small model molecules and infrared spectroscopy. The results show that the complexation can proceed completely and rapidly at room temperature. Borate ion attacks phenol hydroxyl groups and adjacent position hydroxymethyl groups on the phenol ring of the resin, and forms the coordinate bond between boron atom in borate ion and oxygen atom in the hydroxyl groups. The complexation is a quantitative reaction. The complex is a six member ring containing two oxygens and one boron. The complexation can release hydrogen ions resulting in the decreasing pH in the resin solution.

Synthesis,Structure Characterization and Thermal Analysis of a New Cadmium Zinc Borate in the Pseudo-binary System Cd3B2O6-Zn3B2O6

Cd-rich portion of the pseudo-binary system Cd3B2O6-Zn3B2O6 was investigated. A new cadmium zinc borate, Cd2.42Zn0.58B2O6, was synthesized successfully by a traditional solid-state reaction method. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with a = 17.3048, b = 8.4356, c = 10.2962 A^°, β = 93.157°, V = 1500.7（2） A^°3, Dc = 5.683 g/cm^3, F（000） = 2301, Z = 24, R = 0.0351 and wR = 0.0741. In its structure, BO3 triangle, CdO6 and CdO5 （or ZnO5） polyhedra are joined together by sharing bridging O atoms to form an intricate three-dimensional framework. A comparison of the structures of Cd2.42Zn0.58B2O6, α-Cd3B2O6 and β-Cd3B2O6 is presented. The IR spectrum confirms the presence of BO3 unit. The UV cut-off wavelength of Cd2.42Zn0.58B2O6 is 313 nm. The differential thermal analysis （DTA） suggests that Cd2.42Zn0.58B2O6 is an incongruent melting compound.

Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Two New Organically Templated Borates:[(C_2H_(10)N_2)]2[B_(14)O_(20)(OH)_6] and [C_8H_(22)N_4][B_5O_6(OH)_4]_2

Two new nonmetal borates, [（C2H10N2）]2[B14O20（OH）6] 1 and [C8H22N4][B5O6（OH）4]2 2, have been synthesized under mild conditions and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, FTIR, elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. Crystal data for compound 1： triclinic, space group P^-1, a = 8.4979（17）, b = 8.8498（18）, c = 10.065（2）A^°, α = 95.01（3）, β = 96.99（3）, γ = 116.82（3）°, V= 661.8（3）A^°^3, Z= 1, Mr = 697.63, Dc = 1.751 g/cm^3,μ = 0.163 mm^-1, F（000） = 356, the final R = 0.0372 and wR = 0.0968 （I 〉 2σ（I））; and those for compound 2： monoclinic, space group P21/c, a = 9.1867（18）, b= 14.118（3）, c = 10.334（2）A^°, β = 91.48（3）°, V = 1339.8（5）A^°^3, Z = 2, Mr = 610.46, Dc = 1.513 g/cm^3,μ = 0.135 mm^-1, F（000） = 632, the final R = 0.0350 and wR = 0.0912 （I 〉 2σ（I））. For both 1 and 2, the anionic units are interlinked via O-H…O hydrogen bonds to form a 3D supramolecular network, while the protonated cations are located in the free space of the inorganic borate framework and interact with the anions by electrostatic attraction and extensive N-H…O hydrogen bonds.

A Novel Inorganic-organic Hybrid Borate with Unique One-dimensional Infinite Aluminium-oxygen Chains

A novel inorganic-organic hybrid borate,[Al2（fum）（H3BO3）（OH） 4]n·n（H3BO3） （1,H2fum = fumaric acid） ,has been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,FTIR and elemental analysis. Crystal data for compound 1： orthorhombic,space group Pnma,a = 14.108（3） ,b = 6.9412（14） ,c = 14.995（3）A,V = 1468.3（5）A^3,Z = 4,Mr = 359.72,Dc = 1.627 g/cm^3,μ = 0.254 mm^-1,F（000） = 736,the final R = 0.0492 and wR = 0.1650 with I 〉 2σ（I） . In compound 1,each Al^Ⅲ ion is coordinated by six oxygen atoms to adopt a distorted octahedral geometry. Both fumarate anion and the coordinated boric acid act as bidentate bridging ligands to link two neighboring Al^Ⅲ centers simultaneously. Each Al^Ⅲ ion is bridged by two μ2-hydroxyl ligands to construct an infinite wave-like [Al2（fum）（H3BO3）（OH） 4]n chain. These one-dimensional chains form hydrogen bonds with free boric acid molecules giving rise to a three-dimensional supramolecular network.

Effect of aluminum borate whisker coating on interface and mechanical properties of 6061Al matrix composites

Copper coating was deposited on the surface of aluminum borate whisker by an electroless plating method.This method was used to modify the interfacial property of squeeze-casting aluminum borate whisker reinforced 6061Al matrix composite.Interface observation indicates that the spinel reaction(MgAl2O4) is hindered by the copper coating,and the difference in interfacial reaction degree affects the tensile property and aging behavior of the composite.For the composite with less spinel reaction(MgAl2O4),its peak-aging process are postponed due to less depletion of magnesium.On the fracture surface of copper-coated composite dimples and fractures of whiskers are more,but on the fracture surface of uncoated composite pull-out of whiskers are more than that on the coated one.In uncoated composite the fracture generally originates from the near-interface-region.

Tribological Properties of Lubricating Oils with Triethanolamine Borate under Electromagnetic Field

Tribological properties of 150SN mineral oil and lubricating oils containing triethanolamine borate(TBE)with and without electromagnetic field impact were evaluated on a modified four-ball tribo-tester.The characteristics of the worn surfaces were studied by scanning electronic microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).Moreover,the tribological mechanisms are discussed from the viewpoint of physical effect and chemical effect.The results indicated that the friction coefficients and wear scar diameters(WSDs)lubricated by 150SN mineral oil under electromagnetic field were higher than those without electromagnetism impact.The WSDs of steel balls lubricated by TBE-doped oils under electromagnetic field were smaller than those obtained from non-electromagnetic field,but the friction coefficients were higher than those under non-electromagnetic field.A protective coating consists of wear particles could be formed on the frictional surface due to the physical effect of electromagnetic field on wear debris.The electromagnetic field could facilitate the interaction of elemental boron and nitrogen in TBE with metal interfaces,and contributes to forming tribo-chemical reaction film to reduce friction and wear.

Two Isostructural Multi-metal Borates: Syntheses, Crystal Structures and Characterizations of M_3LiNa_4Be_4B_(10)O_(24)F(M = Sr, Cd)

Two new isostructural multi-metal beryllium borates, m^3 Li Na4Be4B10O24F（M = Sr（1）, Cd（2））, have been synthesized by spontaneous crystallization. The structures were verified by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The compounds crystallize in the trigonal space group R 3, with a = b = 9.4645（1） A, c = 38.842（8） A, V = 3013.2（6） A3, Z = 6, F（000） = 2568, Dc = 3.005 g/cm^3, Mr = 908.9, R = 0.0327, w R = 0.0678, μ = 8.160 mm-1 for Sr3 Li Na4Be4B10O24F and a = b = 9.3019（8） A, c = 37.782（7） A, V = 2831.12（9） A3, Z = 6, F（000） = 2748, Dc = 3.459 g/cm^3, Mr = 983.24, R = 0.0158, w R = 0.0455, μ = 3.586 mm-1 for Cd3 Li Na4Be4B10O24F. The structures are characterized by an infinite two-dimensional [Be8B16O40F2]∞ double layer bridged by [B12O24] groups like a sandwich structure, while the cations reside in tunnels along different directions. UV-vis-IR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy demonstrates that their cut-off edges are below 200 nm. Thermal analysis shows that they melt incongruently and their melting points are around 740-770 ℃.