In the present study, polyethersulfone based nanohybrid membranes were effectively fabricated by incorporating graphene oxide(GO) and hydrotalcite(HT) nanosheets into the membrane structure. HT was prepared to overcom...In the present study, polyethersulfone based nanohybrid membranes were effectively fabricated by incorporating graphene oxide(GO) and hydrotalcite(HT) nanosheets into the membrane structure. HT was prepared to overcome the irreversible agglomeration behavior of GO at a high concentration which affects the performance of the membranes. In particular, the shedding of HT in formamide provides a two-dimensional nanosheet with a higher positive charge density to prevent the restacking of GO nanosheets. Here, exfoliated GO and HT with different combinations(1:1, 1:2 and 1:3) were infused in the membrane matrix to treat lead-acid battery effluent effectively. Finally, the hybrid membranes were characterized for hydrophilicity, mechanical strength and pure water flux. In combination with the superior properties of GO and HT, the prepared hybrid membranes can be used as effectively to improve the separation and permeation performance. The phase inversion process eliminated the leaching of nanoparticles from the membrane matrix. The reusability of the hybrid membrane was achieved using0.1 mol·L^(-1)NaOH solution and reused without significant reduction in lead removal efficiency. The cost analysis of the membrane was also estimated from the lab study. Therefore, the present study suggested the selective and sustainable treatment of lead from a real-life effluent.展开更多
Hybrid materials are attracting intensive attention for their applications in electronics, photoelectronics, LEDs, field-effect transistors, etc. Engineering new hybrid materials and further exploiting their new funct...Hybrid materials are attracting intensive attention for their applications in electronics, photoelectronics, LEDs, field-effect transistors, etc. Engineering new hybrid materials and further exploiting their new functions will be significant for future science and technique development. In this work, alternatively stacked self-assembled CoAl LDH/MoS2 nanohybrid has been successfully synthesized by an exfoliation-flocculation method from positively charged CoAl LDH nanosheets(CoAl-NS) with negatively charged MoS2 nanosheets(MoS2-NS). The CoAl LDH/MoS2 hybrid material exhibits an enhanced catalytic performance for oxygen evolution reaction(OER) compared with original constituents of CoAl LDH nanosheets and MoS2 nanosheets. The enhanced OER catalytic performance of CoAl LDH/MoS2 is demonstrated to be due to the improved electron transfer, more exposed catalytic active sites, and accelerated oxygen evolution reaction kinetics.展开更多
Microalgae cultivation has gained tremendous attention in recent years due to its great potential in green biofuel production and wastewater treatment application. Membrane technology is a great solution in separating...Microalgae cultivation has gained tremendous attention in recent years due to its great potential in green biofuel production and wastewater treatment application. Membrane technology is a great solution in separating the microalgae biomass while producing high quality of permeate for recycling. The main objective of this study was to investigate the filtration performance of Ag/GO-PVDF(silver/graphene oxide-polyvinylidene fluoride) membrane in an algalmembrane photoreactor(A-MPR) by benchmarking with a commercial PVDF(com-PVDF) membrane. In this study, Chlorella vulgaris microalgae was cultivated in synthetic wastewater in an A-MPR for ammoniacal-nitrogen and phosphorus recovery and the wastewater was further filtered using Ag/GO-PVDF and com-PVDF membranes to obtain high quality water. Spectrophotometer was used to analyze the chemical oxidation demand(COD), ammoniacal nitrogen(NH3-N) and phosphate(PO43-). The concentration of proteins and carbohydrates was measured using Bradford method and phenol-sulfuric acid method, respectively. The COD of the synthetic wastewater was reduced from(180.5 ± 5.6) ppm to(82 ± 2.6) ppm due to nutrient uptake by microalgae. Then, the Ag/GO-PVDF membrane was used to further purify the microalgae cultivated wastewater, resulting in a low COD permeate of(31 ± 4.6) ppm. The high removal rate of proteins(100%) and carbohydrates(86.6%) as the major foulant in microalgae filtration, with low membrane fouling propensity of Ag/GO-PVDF membrane is advantageous for the sustainable development of the microalgae production. Hence, the integrated A-MPR system is highly recommended as a promising approach for microalgae cultivation and wastewater polishing treatment.展开更多
Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and alumina are combined to give a new type of nanohybrid for Fisher-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) catalyst support. Alumina nano-particles (10 wt%) were introduced directly on funct...Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and alumina are combined to give a new type of nanohybrid for Fisher-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) catalyst support. Alumina nano-particles (10 wt%) were introduced directly on functionalized MWNTs by a modified sol-gel method. Microstructure observations show that alumina particles were homogeneously dispersed on the inside and outside of modified MWNTs surfaces. 15 wt% cobalt loading catalysts were prepared with this nanohybrid and γ-alumina as a reference, using a sol-gel technique and wet impregnation method respectively. These catalysts were characterized by TEM, XRD, N2-adsorption, H2 chemisorption and TPR. The deposition of cobalt nanoparticles synthesized by sol-gel technique on the MWNTs nanohybrid shift the reduction peaks to a low temperature, indicating higher reducibility for uniform cobalt particles. Nanohybrid also aided in high dispersion of metal clusters and high stability and performance of catalyst. The proposed MWNTs nanohybrid-supported cobalt catalysts showed the improved FTS rate (gHc/(gcat.min)), CO conversion (%), and water gas shift rate (WGS)(gcoz/(gcat.h)) of 0.012, 52, and 30E-3, respectively, as compared to those of 0.007, 25, and 18E-3, respectively, on the γ-alumina-supported cobalt catalysts with the same Co loading.展开更多
A novel negatively charged biomolecule-cordycepin has been intercalated within the gallery spaces of [Mg-Al-NO3]. Results of TEM, PXRD and FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed that cordycepin could be intercalated into [Mg-Al...A novel negatively charged biomolecule-cordycepin has been intercalated within the gallery spaces of [Mg-Al-NO3]. Results of TEM, PXRD and FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed that cordycepin could be intercalated into [Mg-Al-NO3] interlayers as the charge-compensating species. Initial studies suggest that the new bioinorganic nanocomposite may be used as a novel inorganic reservoir or carrier of pharmaceutically active compounds.展开更多
Herein, we report on the synthesis and Li-ion storage properties of the 0D–2D nanohybrid consisted of bimetal phosphorus trisulfides nanoneedles(Co_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)PS_3) and graphene nanosheets(denoted as Co_(0....Herein, we report on the synthesis and Li-ion storage properties of the 0D–2D nanohybrid consisted of bimetal phosphorus trisulfides nanoneedles(Co_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)PS_3) and graphene nanosheets(denoted as Co_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)PS_3@G). By choosing the Co_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)(OH)_2 nanoneedles as precursor, the Co_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)PS_3 derived by a simple solid-state transformation(SST) process was successfully attached onto the graphene surface.The as-prepared nanohybrids showed a superior cycling stability and rate performance for Li-ion storage.After cycling at a current density of 0.5 A g^(-1) for 500 cycles, the capacity are 456 mAh g^(-1). Particularly,the capacity can reach 302 mAh g^(-1) at a current density of 10 A g^(-1), which is 66.2% of the capacity at0.5 A g^(-1). Even cycling at a current density of 50 A g^(-1), the nanocomposite can still kept a capacity of 153 mAh g^(-1) with a capacity retention of 33.6%.展开更多
Functional copolymer–clay hybrids were synthesized by radical-initiated intercalative copolymerization of maleic acid (MA) and acrylamide (AAm) with 2,2’-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride as a water-so...Functional copolymer–clay hybrids were synthesized by radical-initiated intercalative copolymerization of maleic acid (MA) and acrylamide (AAm) with 2,2’-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride as a water-soluble ionizable radical initiator in the presence of reactive (octadecyl amine (ODA)-MMT) and non-reactive (dimethyldodecyl ammonium (DMDA)-MMT) organoclays at 50oC in aqueous medium under nitrogen atmosphere. The monomers was dissolved in aqueous medium, as well as both used clay particles were easily dissolved and dispersed with partially swollen in deionized water, respectively. Structure, thermal behavior and morphology of the synthesized nanocomposites were investigated by FTIR, XRD, DSC-TGA, SEM and TEM analysis methods, respectively. It was demonstrated that intercalative copolymerization proceed via ion exchange between organoclays and carboxylic groups of monomers/polymers which essentially improved interfacial interaction of polymer matrix and clay layers through strong H-bonding. In case of intercalative copolymerization in the presence of ODA-MMT clay, similar improvement was provided by in situ hydrogen-bonding and amidolysis of carboxylic/anhydride groups from copolymer chains with primary amine group of ODA-MMT. The nanocomposites exhibit higher intercalation/exfoliation degree of copolymer chains, improved thermal properties and fine dispersed morphology.展开更多
Constructing heterostructured nanohybrid is considered as a prominent route to fabricate alternative electrocatalysts to commercial Pt/C for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).In this work,(NH_(4))_(4)[NiH_(6)Mo_(6)O_(4...Constructing heterostructured nanohybrid is considered as a prominent route to fabricate alternative electrocatalysts to commercial Pt/C for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).In this work,(NH_(4))_(4)[NiH_(6)Mo_(6)O_(4)]·5H_(2)O polyoxometalates(NiMo_(6))are adopted as the cluster precursors for simple fabrication of heterostructured Pt-Ni_(3)Mo_(3)N nanohybrids supported by carbon black(Pt-Ni_(3)Mo_(3)N/C)without using additional N sources.The improved porosity and enhanced electronic interaction of Pt-Ni_(3)Mo_(3)N/C should be attributed to the integration of Pt with NiMo_(6),which favors the mass transport,promotes the formation of exposed catalytic sites,and benefits the regulation of intrinsic activity.Thus,the as-obtained Pt-Ni_(3)Mo_(3)N/C exhibits impressive and durable HER performance as indicated by the low overpotential of 13.7 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm^(-2) and the stable overpotential during continuous working at 100 mA cm^(-2) for 100 h.This work provides significant insights for the synthesis of new highly active heterostructured electrocatalysts for renewable energy devices.展开更多
It is of vital importance to construct highly interconnected,macroporous photocatalyst to improve its efficiency and applicability in solar energy conversion and environment remediation.Graphitic-like C_3N_4(g-C_3N_4)...It is of vital importance to construct highly interconnected,macroporous photocatalyst to improve its efficiency and applicability in solar energy conversion and environment remediation.Graphitic-like C_3N_4(g-C_3N_4),as an analogy to two-dimensional(2D)graphene,is highly identified as a visible-lightresponsive polymeric semiconductor.Moreover,the feasibility of g-C_3N_4 in making porous structures has been well established.However,the preparation of macroporous g-C_3N_4 with abundant porous networks and exposure surface,still constitutes a difficulty.To solve it,we report a first facile preparation of bimodal macroporous g-C_3N_4 hybrids with abundant in-plane holes,which is simply enabled by in-situ modification through thermally treating the mixture of thiourea and SnCl_4(pore modifier)after rotary evaporation.For one hand,the formed in-plane macropores endow the g-C_3N_4 system with plentiful active sites and short,cross-plane diffusion channels that can greatly speed up mass transport and transfer.For another,the heterojunctions founded between g-C_3N_4 and SnO_2 consolidate the electron transfer reaction to greatly reduce the recombination probability.As a consequence,the resulted macroporous gC_3N_4/SnO_2 nanohybrid had a high specific surface area(SSA)of 44.3 m^2/g that was quite comparable to most nano/mesoporous g-C_3N_4 reported.The interconnected porous network also rendered a highly intensified light absorption by strengthening the light penetration.Together with the improved mass transport and electron transfer,the macroporous g-C_3N_4/SnO_2 hybrid exhibited about 2.4-fold increment in the photoactivity compared with pure g-C_3N_4.Additionally,the recyclability of such hybrid could be guaranteed after eight successive uses.展开更多
The present work reports a sensitive and selective fluorescent sensor for the detection of mercury ion, Hg(II), by hybridizing carbon nanodots (C-dots) and gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) through intrinsic interactio...The present work reports a sensitive and selective fluorescent sensor for the detection of mercury ion, Hg(II), by hybridizing carbon nanodots (C-dots) and gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) through intrinsic interactions of the two components. The C-dots serve as the reference signal and the Au NCs as the reporter. This method employs the specific high affinity metallophilic Hg2^-Au+ interactions which can greatly quench the red fluorescence of Au NCs, while the blue fluorescence of C-dots is stable against Hg(II), leading to distinct ratiometric fluorescence changes when exposed to Hg(II). A limit of detection of 28 nM for Hg(II) in aqueous solution was estimated. Thus we applied the sensor for the detection of Hg(II) in real water samples including tap water, lake water and mineral water samples with good results. We further demonstrated that a visual chemical sensor could be manufactured by immobilizing the nanohybrid probe on a cellulose acetate circular filter paper. The paper-based sensor immediately showed a distinct fluorescence color evolution from pink to blue after exposure to a drop of the Hg(II) solution展开更多
Advanced biocompatible and robust platforms equipped with diverse properties are highly required in biomedical imaging applications for the early detection of atherosclerotic vascular disease and cancers. Designing na...Advanced biocompatible and robust platforms equipped with diverse properties are highly required in biomedical imaging applications for the early detection of atherosclerotic vascular disease and cancers. Designing nanohybrids composed of noble metals and fluorescent materials is a new way to perform multimodal imaging to overcome the limitations of single-modality counterparts. Herein, we propose the novel design of a multimodal contrast agent; namely, an enhanced nanohybrid comprising gold nanorods (GNRs) and carbon dots (CDs) with silica (SiO2) as a bridge. The nanohybrid (GNR@SiO2@CD) construction is based on covalent bonding between SiO2 and the silane-functionalized CDs, which links the GNRs with the CDs to form typical core-shell units. The novel structure not only retains and even highly improves the optical properties of the GNRs and CDs, but also possesses superior imaging performance in both diffusion reflection (DR) and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) measurements compared with bare GNRs or fluorescence dyes and CDs. The superior bioimaging properties of the GNR@SiOa@CD nanohybrids were successfully exploited for in vitro DR and FLIM measurements of macrophages within tissue-like phantoms, paving the way toward a theranostic contrast agent for atherosclerosis and cancer.展开更多
Orthorhombic niobium pentoxide (T-Nb2O5)/reduced graphene oxide nanohybrids were fabricated via the hydrothermal attachment of Nb2Os nanowires to dispersed graphene oxide nanosheets followed by a high-temperature ph...Orthorhombic niobium pentoxide (T-Nb2O5)/reduced graphene oxide nanohybrids were fabricated via the hydrothermal attachment of Nb2Os nanowires to dispersed graphene oxide nanosheets followed by a high-temperature phase transformation. Electrochemical measurements showed that the nanohybrid anodes possessed enhanced reversible capacity and superior cycling stability compared to those of a pristine T-Nb205 nanowire electrode. Owing to the strong bonds between graphene nanosheets and T-Nb2O5 nanowires, the nanohybrids achieved an initial capacity of 227 mAh·g^-1. Additionally, non-aqueous asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) were fabricated with the synthesized nanohybrids as the anode and activated carbon as the cathode. The 3 V Li-ion ASC with a LiPF6-based organic electrolyte achieved an energy density of 45.1 Wh·kg^-1 at 715.2 W·kg^-1. The working potential could be further enhanced to 4 V when a polymer ionogel separator (PVDF-HFP/LiTFSI/EMIMBF4) and formulated ionic liquid electrolyte were employed. Such a quasi-solid state ASC could operate at 60℃ and delivered a maximum energy density of 70 Wh·kg^-1 at 1 kW·kg^-1.展开更多
High energy density and enhanced rate capability are highly sought-after for supercapacitors in today's mobile world.In this work,polyaniline/titanium carbide(MXene)(PANI/Ti3C2Tx)nanohybrid is synthesized through ...High energy density and enhanced rate capability are highly sought-after for supercapacitors in today's mobile world.In this work,polyaniline/titanium carbide(MXene)(PANI/Ti3C2Tx)nanohybrid is synthesized through a facile and cost-effective self-assembly of.one-dimensional(10)PANI nanofibers and two-dimensional(20)Ti3C2Tx nanosheets.PANl!Ti3C2Tx delivers greatly improved specific capacitance,ultrahigh rate capability(67%capacitance retention from 1 to 100 A·g^(-1))as well as good cycle stability.Electrochemical kinetic analysis reveals that PANI/Ti3C2Tx is featured with surface capacitance-dominated process and has a quasi-reversible kinetics at high scan rates,giving rise to an ultrahigh rate capability.By using PANl!Ti3C2Tx as positive electrode,an 1.8 V aqueous asymmetric supercapacitor(ASC)is successfully assembled,showing a maximum energy density of 50.8 Wh·kg^(-1)·(at 0.9 kW-kg-1)and a power density of 18 kW·kg^(-1)(at 26 Wh·kg^(-1)).Moreover,an 3.0 V organic ASC is also elaborately fabricated,·by using PANI/Ti3C2Tx,achieving an ultrahigh energy density of 67.2 Wh·kg^(-1)(at 1.5 kW·kg^(-1))and a power density of 30 kW·kg^(-1)·(at 26.8 Wh·kg^(-1)).The present work not only improves fundamental understanding of the structure-property relationship towards ultrahigh rate capability electrode materials,but also provides valuable guideline for the rational design of high-performance:energy storage devices with both high energy and power densities.展开更多
Metal-nanotube nanohybrids were produced by in situ synthesis and stabilization of gold nanoparticles on chitosan-functionalized carbon nanotubes.The formation of gold nanoparticles from tetrachloroauric acid was obse...Metal-nanotube nanohybrids were produced by in situ synthesis and stabilization of gold nanoparticles on chitosan-functionalized carbon nanotubes.The formation of gold nanoparticles from tetrachloroauric acid was observed after only a few minutes of contact with the functionalized nanotubes,at room temperature.These results suggest that adsorption of chitosan at the surface of carbon nanotubes permits smooth reduction of the metallic salt and efficient anchoring of gold nanoparticles to the nanotubes.展开更多
The intercalation of amphoteric amino acid tyrosine (Tyr) into LDH by co-precipitation method was systematically studied. The influence of initial molar ratios (R) of LDH to Tyr has also been examined. Powder X-ra...The intercalation of amphoteric amino acid tyrosine (Tyr) into LDH by co-precipitation method was systematically studied. The influence of initial molar ratios (R) of LDH to Tyr has also been examined. Powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, specific surface areas and pore size distributions, and thermal analysis have been employed for the characterization of the nanocomposites. The nanohybrids were found to have an expanded layered structure except the samples prepared with low R values, indicating that the biomolecules were intercalated into the gallery as anions. The intercalation of amino acids resulted in the increase of the surface areas and pore volumes, and the value of surface areas and pore volumes increased with enhancement of biomolecules intercalated. TEM analysis revealed that with increasing biomolecules into the gallery, the nanohybrids were changed from hexagonal particles to spherical ones. Moreover, the configuration of Tyr anions was varied under different R values, changed from monolayer to bilayers with more biomolecules intercalating into the gallery.展开更多
Major traumatic tissue defects are common clinical problems often complicated by infection and local vascular dysfunction, processes which hinder the healing process. Although local application of growth factors or st...Major traumatic tissue defects are common clinical problems often complicated by infection and local vascular dysfunction, processes which hinder the healing process. Although local application of growth factors or stem cells through various tissue engineering techniques are promising methods for the repair of tissue defects, limitations in their clinical application exist. Herein, we synthesized multifaceted nanohybrids composed of Quaternized chitosan (QCS), Graphene oxide (GO), and Polydopamine (PDA;QCS-GO-PDA). Covalent grafting of QCS and GO at a mass ratio of 5:1 (5QCS-1GO) displayed excellent biocompatibility and enhanced osteogenic ability, while addition of PDA (5QCS-1GO-PDA) reduced the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). 5QCS-1GO-PDA was able to achieve wound tissue regeneration by reducing the inflammatory response and enhancing angiogenesis. Furthermore, Polylactic acid/hydroxyapatite (PLA/HA) composite scaffolds were printed using Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) and the hybrid nanomaterial (5QCS-1GO-PDA) was used to coat the PLA/HA scaffold (5QCS-1GO-PDA@PLA/HA) to be used for rapid bone regeneration. 5QCS-1GO-PDA not only improved angiogenesis and osteogenic differentiation, but also induced M2-type polarization of macrophages and promoted bone regeneration via the BMP2/BMPRs/Smads/Runx2 signaling pathway. The bidirectional enhanced healing ability of the multifaceted nanohybrids 5QCS-1GO-PDA provides a promising method of effectively treating tissue defects.展开更多
Nanoelectronics constructed by nanoscale devices seems promising for the advanced development of integrated circuits (ICs). However, the lack of computer aided design (CAD) tools seriously hinders its development ...Nanoelectronics constructed by nanoscale devices seems promising for the advanced development of integrated circuits (ICs). However, the lack of computer aided design (CAD) tools seriously hinders its development and applications. To investigate the cell mapping task in CAD flow, we present a genetic algorithm (GA) based method for Cmos/nanowire/MOLecular hybrid (CMOL), which is a nanohybrid circuit architecture. By designing several crossover operators and analyzing their performance, an efficient crossover operator is proposed. Combining a mutation operator, a GA based algorithm is presented and tested on the International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS) benchmarks. The results show that the proposed method not only can obtain better area utilization and smaller delay, but also can handle larger benchmarks with CPU time improvement compared with the published methods.展开更多
One novel difunctionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) derivative was designed and synthesized by a convenient method with high yield. 1H NMR and P'r-IR characterizations suggested that Michael add...One novel difunctionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) derivative was designed and synthesized by a convenient method with high yield. 1H NMR and P'r-IR characterizations suggested that Michael addition reaction successfully took place between 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) and aminopropylisobutyl POSS (POSS-NH2) under mild conditions, which finally formed bi(hydroxyethyl) ester-functionalized POSS derivatives (BH-POSS). Due to the similar functional groups and high reactivity, BH-POSS could be easily incorporated into the main-chain of biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters PBTL via in situ melt polycondensation to prepare corresponding degradable nanohybrids with high mechanical properties.展开更多
文摘In the present study, polyethersulfone based nanohybrid membranes were effectively fabricated by incorporating graphene oxide(GO) and hydrotalcite(HT) nanosheets into the membrane structure. HT was prepared to overcome the irreversible agglomeration behavior of GO at a high concentration which affects the performance of the membranes. In particular, the shedding of HT in formamide provides a two-dimensional nanosheet with a higher positive charge density to prevent the restacking of GO nanosheets. Here, exfoliated GO and HT with different combinations(1:1, 1:2 and 1:3) were infused in the membrane matrix to treat lead-acid battery effluent effectively. Finally, the hybrid membranes were characterized for hydrophilicity, mechanical strength and pure water flux. In combination with the superior properties of GO and HT, the prepared hybrid membranes can be used as effectively to improve the separation and permeation performance. The phase inversion process eliminated the leaching of nanoparticles from the membrane matrix. The reusability of the hybrid membrane was achieved using0.1 mol·L^(-1)NaOH solution and reused without significant reduction in lead removal efficiency. The cost analysis of the membrane was also estimated from the lab study. Therefore, the present study suggested the selective and sustainable treatment of lead from a real-life effluent.
基金financially supported by NNSFC(No.21025104,21271171,and 91022018)
文摘Hybrid materials are attracting intensive attention for their applications in electronics, photoelectronics, LEDs, field-effect transistors, etc. Engineering new hybrid materials and further exploiting their new functions will be significant for future science and technique development. In this work, alternatively stacked self-assembled CoAl LDH/MoS2 nanohybrid has been successfully synthesized by an exfoliation-flocculation method from positively charged CoAl LDH nanosheets(CoAl-NS) with negatively charged MoS2 nanosheets(MoS2-NS). The CoAl LDH/MoS2 hybrid material exhibits an enhanced catalytic performance for oxygen evolution reaction(OER) compared with original constituents of CoAl LDH nanosheets and MoS2 nanosheets. The enhanced OER catalytic performance of CoAl LDH/MoS2 is demonstrated to be due to the improved electron transfer, more exposed catalytic active sites, and accelerated oxygen evolution reaction kinetics.
基金supported by Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia [Grant No.DIP-2016-031]CRIM(Center for Research and Instrumentation Management,UKM)for sponsoring the postgraduate study of W.C.Chong via Research University Zamalah Scheme and the technical supports in this work.
文摘Microalgae cultivation has gained tremendous attention in recent years due to its great potential in green biofuel production and wastewater treatment application. Membrane technology is a great solution in separating the microalgae biomass while producing high quality of permeate for recycling. The main objective of this study was to investigate the filtration performance of Ag/GO-PVDF(silver/graphene oxide-polyvinylidene fluoride) membrane in an algalmembrane photoreactor(A-MPR) by benchmarking with a commercial PVDF(com-PVDF) membrane. In this study, Chlorella vulgaris microalgae was cultivated in synthetic wastewater in an A-MPR for ammoniacal-nitrogen and phosphorus recovery and the wastewater was further filtered using Ag/GO-PVDF and com-PVDF membranes to obtain high quality water. Spectrophotometer was used to analyze the chemical oxidation demand(COD), ammoniacal nitrogen(NH3-N) and phosphate(PO43-). The concentration of proteins and carbohydrates was measured using Bradford method and phenol-sulfuric acid method, respectively. The COD of the synthetic wastewater was reduced from(180.5 ± 5.6) ppm to(82 ± 2.6) ppm due to nutrient uptake by microalgae. Then, the Ag/GO-PVDF membrane was used to further purify the microalgae cultivated wastewater, resulting in a low COD permeate of(31 ± 4.6) ppm. The high removal rate of proteins(100%) and carbohydrates(86.6%) as the major foulant in microalgae filtration, with low membrane fouling propensity of Ag/GO-PVDF membrane is advantageous for the sustainable development of the microalgae production. Hence, the integrated A-MPR system is highly recommended as a promising approach for microalgae cultivation and wastewater polishing treatment.
基金supported by the Research Council of the Research Institute of Petroleum Industrythe Research and Development of the National Iranian Oil Company
文摘Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and alumina are combined to give a new type of nanohybrid for Fisher-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) catalyst support. Alumina nano-particles (10 wt%) were introduced directly on functionalized MWNTs by a modified sol-gel method. Microstructure observations show that alumina particles were homogeneously dispersed on the inside and outside of modified MWNTs surfaces. 15 wt% cobalt loading catalysts were prepared with this nanohybrid and γ-alumina as a reference, using a sol-gel technique and wet impregnation method respectively. These catalysts were characterized by TEM, XRD, N2-adsorption, H2 chemisorption and TPR. The deposition of cobalt nanoparticles synthesized by sol-gel technique on the MWNTs nanohybrid shift the reduction peaks to a low temperature, indicating higher reducibility for uniform cobalt particles. Nanohybrid also aided in high dispersion of metal clusters and high stability and performance of catalyst. The proposed MWNTs nanohybrid-supported cobalt catalysts showed the improved FTS rate (gHc/(gcat.min)), CO conversion (%), and water gas shift rate (WGS)(gcoz/(gcat.h)) of 0.012, 52, and 30E-3, respectively, as compared to those of 0.007, 25, and 18E-3, respectively, on the γ-alumina-supported cobalt catalysts with the same Co loading.
文摘A novel negatively charged biomolecule-cordycepin has been intercalated within the gallery spaces of [Mg-Al-NO3]. Results of TEM, PXRD and FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed that cordycepin could be intercalated into [Mg-Al-NO3] interlayers as the charge-compensating species. Initial studies suggest that the new bioinorganic nanocomposite may be used as a novel inorganic reservoir or carrier of pharmaceutically active compounds.
基金the financial support from Singapore MOE AcRF Tier 1 under grant Nos.RG113/15 and 2016T1-002-065Singapore EMA project EIRP 12/NRF2015EWTEIRP002-008
文摘Herein, we report on the synthesis and Li-ion storage properties of the 0D–2D nanohybrid consisted of bimetal phosphorus trisulfides nanoneedles(Co_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)PS_3) and graphene nanosheets(denoted as Co_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)PS_3@G). By choosing the Co_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)(OH)_2 nanoneedles as precursor, the Co_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)PS_3 derived by a simple solid-state transformation(SST) process was successfully attached onto the graphene surface.The as-prepared nanohybrids showed a superior cycling stability and rate performance for Li-ion storage.After cycling at a current density of 0.5 A g^(-1) for 500 cycles, the capacity are 456 mAh g^(-1). Particularly,the capacity can reach 302 mAh g^(-1) at a current density of 10 A g^(-1), which is 66.2% of the capacity at0.5 A g^(-1). Even cycling at a current density of 50 A g^(-1), the nanocomposite can still kept a capacity of 153 mAh g^(-1) with a capacity retention of 33.6%.
基金financial supports via MS and PhD bursarsthe Turkish Scientific and Technology Research Council(TUBITAK)for the financial support of this work through project TBAG-HD/249.
文摘Functional copolymer–clay hybrids were synthesized by radical-initiated intercalative copolymerization of maleic acid (MA) and acrylamide (AAm) with 2,2’-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride as a water-soluble ionizable radical initiator in the presence of reactive (octadecyl amine (ODA)-MMT) and non-reactive (dimethyldodecyl ammonium (DMDA)-MMT) organoclays at 50oC in aqueous medium under nitrogen atmosphere. The monomers was dissolved in aqueous medium, as well as both used clay particles were easily dissolved and dispersed with partially swollen in deionized water, respectively. Structure, thermal behavior and morphology of the synthesized nanocomposites were investigated by FTIR, XRD, DSC-TGA, SEM and TEM analysis methods, respectively. It was demonstrated that intercalative copolymerization proceed via ion exchange between organoclays and carboxylic groups of monomers/polymers which essentially improved interfacial interaction of polymer matrix and clay layers through strong H-bonding. In case of intercalative copolymerization in the presence of ODA-MMT clay, similar improvement was provided by in situ hydrogen-bonding and amidolysis of carboxylic/anhydride groups from copolymer chains with primary amine group of ODA-MMT. The nanocomposites exhibit higher intercalation/exfoliation degree of copolymer chains, improved thermal properties and fine dispersed morphology.
基金the financial support from the Key Research and Development Program sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST)(2022YFB4002000,2022YFA1203400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22102172,22072145,22372155,22005294,21925205,21721003)。
文摘Constructing heterostructured nanohybrid is considered as a prominent route to fabricate alternative electrocatalysts to commercial Pt/C for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).In this work,(NH_(4))_(4)[NiH_(6)Mo_(6)O_(4)]·5H_(2)O polyoxometalates(NiMo_(6))are adopted as the cluster precursors for simple fabrication of heterostructured Pt-Ni_(3)Mo_(3)N nanohybrids supported by carbon black(Pt-Ni_(3)Mo_(3)N/C)without using additional N sources.The improved porosity and enhanced electronic interaction of Pt-Ni_(3)Mo_(3)N/C should be attributed to the integration of Pt with NiMo_(6),which favors the mass transport,promotes the formation of exposed catalytic sites,and benefits the regulation of intrinsic activity.Thus,the as-obtained Pt-Ni_(3)Mo_(3)N/C exhibits impressive and durable HER performance as indicated by the low overpotential of 13.7 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm^(-2) and the stable overpotential during continuous working at 100 mA cm^(-2) for 100 h.This work provides significant insights for the synthesis of new highly active heterostructured electrocatalysts for renewable energy devices.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFB0700300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51503014, 51501008)the State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials (2016Z-03)
文摘It is of vital importance to construct highly interconnected,macroporous photocatalyst to improve its efficiency and applicability in solar energy conversion and environment remediation.Graphitic-like C_3N_4(g-C_3N_4),as an analogy to two-dimensional(2D)graphene,is highly identified as a visible-lightresponsive polymeric semiconductor.Moreover,the feasibility of g-C_3N_4 in making porous structures has been well established.However,the preparation of macroporous g-C_3N_4 with abundant porous networks and exposure surface,still constitutes a difficulty.To solve it,we report a first facile preparation of bimodal macroporous g-C_3N_4 hybrids with abundant in-plane holes,which is simply enabled by in-situ modification through thermally treating the mixture of thiourea and SnCl_4(pore modifier)after rotary evaporation.For one hand,the formed in-plane macropores endow the g-C_3N_4 system with plentiful active sites and short,cross-plane diffusion channels that can greatly speed up mass transport and transfer.For another,the heterojunctions founded between g-C_3N_4 and SnO_2 consolidate the electron transfer reaction to greatly reduce the recombination probability.As a consequence,the resulted macroporous gC_3N_4/SnO_2 nanohybrid had a high specific surface area(SSA)of 44.3 m^2/g that was quite comparable to most nano/mesoporous g-C_3N_4 reported.The interconnected porous network also rendered a highly intensified light absorption by strengthening the light penetration.Together with the improved mass transport and electron transfer,the macroporous g-C_3N_4/SnO_2 hybrid exhibited about 2.4-fold increment in the photoactivity compared with pure g-C_3N_4.Additionally,the recyclability of such hybrid could be guaranteed after eight successive uses.
文摘The present work reports a sensitive and selective fluorescent sensor for the detection of mercury ion, Hg(II), by hybridizing carbon nanodots (C-dots) and gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) through intrinsic interactions of the two components. The C-dots serve as the reference signal and the Au NCs as the reporter. This method employs the specific high affinity metallophilic Hg2^-Au+ interactions which can greatly quench the red fluorescence of Au NCs, while the blue fluorescence of C-dots is stable against Hg(II), leading to distinct ratiometric fluorescence changes when exposed to Hg(II). A limit of detection of 28 nM for Hg(II) in aqueous solution was estimated. Thus we applied the sensor for the detection of Hg(II) in real water samples including tap water, lake water and mineral water samples with good results. We further demonstrated that a visual chemical sensor could be manufactured by immobilizing the nanohybrid probe on a cellulose acetate circular filter paper. The paper-based sensor immediately showed a distinct fluorescence color evolution from pink to blue after exposure to a drop of the Hg(II) solution
基金This work was supported by the Joint NSFC-ISF Research Program (No. 51561145004), jointly funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Israel Science Foundation, and the President's International Fellowship Initiative, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. PIFI2015VTB041).
文摘Advanced biocompatible and robust platforms equipped with diverse properties are highly required in biomedical imaging applications for the early detection of atherosclerotic vascular disease and cancers. Designing nanohybrids composed of noble metals and fluorescent materials is a new way to perform multimodal imaging to overcome the limitations of single-modality counterparts. Herein, we propose the novel design of a multimodal contrast agent; namely, an enhanced nanohybrid comprising gold nanorods (GNRs) and carbon dots (CDs) with silica (SiO2) as a bridge. The nanohybrid (GNR@SiO2@CD) construction is based on covalent bonding between SiO2 and the silane-functionalized CDs, which links the GNRs with the CDs to form typical core-shell units. The novel structure not only retains and even highly improves the optical properties of the GNRs and CDs, but also possesses superior imaging performance in both diffusion reflection (DR) and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) measurements compared with bare GNRs or fluorescence dyes and CDs. The superior bioimaging properties of the GNR@SiOa@CD nanohybrids were successfully exploited for in vitro DR and FLIM measurements of macrophages within tissue-like phantoms, paving the way toward a theranostic contrast agent for atherosclerosis and cancer.
文摘Orthorhombic niobium pentoxide (T-Nb2O5)/reduced graphene oxide nanohybrids were fabricated via the hydrothermal attachment of Nb2Os nanowires to dispersed graphene oxide nanosheets followed by a high-temperature phase transformation. Electrochemical measurements showed that the nanohybrid anodes possessed enhanced reversible capacity and superior cycling stability compared to those of a pristine T-Nb205 nanowire electrode. Owing to the strong bonds between graphene nanosheets and T-Nb2O5 nanowires, the nanohybrids achieved an initial capacity of 227 mAh·g^-1. Additionally, non-aqueous asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) were fabricated with the synthesized nanohybrids as the anode and activated carbon as the cathode. The 3 V Li-ion ASC with a LiPF6-based organic electrolyte achieved an energy density of 45.1 Wh·kg^-1 at 715.2 W·kg^-1. The working potential could be further enhanced to 4 V when a polymer ionogel separator (PVDF-HFP/LiTFSI/EMIMBF4) and formulated ionic liquid electrolyte were employed. Such a quasi-solid state ASC could operate at 60℃ and delivered a maximum energy density of 70 Wh·kg^-1 at 1 kW·kg^-1.
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21773116)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(SRFDP,20130091110010)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK2011438)the National Science Fund for Talent Training in Basic Science(No.J1103310)the Modern Analysis Center of Nanjing University and the Program B for Outstanding PhD Candidate of Nanjing University.
文摘High energy density and enhanced rate capability are highly sought-after for supercapacitors in today's mobile world.In this work,polyaniline/titanium carbide(MXene)(PANI/Ti3C2Tx)nanohybrid is synthesized through a facile and cost-effective self-assembly of.one-dimensional(10)PANI nanofibers and two-dimensional(20)Ti3C2Tx nanosheets.PANl!Ti3C2Tx delivers greatly improved specific capacitance,ultrahigh rate capability(67%capacitance retention from 1 to 100 A·g^(-1))as well as good cycle stability.Electrochemical kinetic analysis reveals that PANI/Ti3C2Tx is featured with surface capacitance-dominated process and has a quasi-reversible kinetics at high scan rates,giving rise to an ultrahigh rate capability.By using PANl!Ti3C2Tx as positive electrode,an 1.8 V aqueous asymmetric supercapacitor(ASC)is successfully assembled,showing a maximum energy density of 50.8 Wh·kg^(-1)·(at 0.9 kW-kg-1)and a power density of 18 kW·kg^(-1)(at 26 Wh·kg^(-1)).Moreover,an 3.0 V organic ASC is also elaborately fabricated,·by using PANI/Ti3C2Tx,achieving an ultrahigh energy density of 67.2 Wh·kg^(-1)(at 1.5 kW·kg^(-1))and a power density of 30 kW·kg^(-1)·(at 26.8 Wh·kg^(-1)).The present work not only improves fundamental understanding of the structure-property relationship towards ultrahigh rate capability electrode materials,but also provides valuable guideline for the rational design of high-performance:energy storage devices with both high energy and power densities.
文摘Metal-nanotube nanohybrids were produced by in situ synthesis and stabilization of gold nanoparticles on chitosan-functionalized carbon nanotubes.The formation of gold nanoparticles from tetrachloroauric acid was observed after only a few minutes of contact with the functionalized nanotubes,at room temperature.These results suggest that adsorption of chitosan at the surface of carbon nanotubes permits smooth reduction of the metallic salt and efficient anchoring of gold nanoparticles to the nanotubes.
基金Project supported by Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds, the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 90206037).
文摘The intercalation of amphoteric amino acid tyrosine (Tyr) into LDH by co-precipitation method was systematically studied. The influence of initial molar ratios (R) of LDH to Tyr has also been examined. Powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, specific surface areas and pore size distributions, and thermal analysis have been employed for the characterization of the nanocomposites. The nanohybrids were found to have an expanded layered structure except the samples prepared with low R values, indicating that the biomolecules were intercalated into the gallery as anions. The intercalation of amino acids resulted in the increase of the surface areas and pore volumes, and the value of surface areas and pore volumes increased with enhancement of biomolecules intercalated. TEM analysis revealed that with increasing biomolecules into the gallery, the nanohybrids were changed from hexagonal particles to spherical ones. Moreover, the configuration of Tyr anions was varied under different R values, changed from monolayer to bilayers with more biomolecules intercalating into the gallery.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82002313,No.82072444)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M701333)+1 种基金Department of Science and Technology of Hubei Province(No.2021CFB425,No.2020BCB004)Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration(2021kqhm007).
文摘Major traumatic tissue defects are common clinical problems often complicated by infection and local vascular dysfunction, processes which hinder the healing process. Although local application of growth factors or stem cells through various tissue engineering techniques are promising methods for the repair of tissue defects, limitations in their clinical application exist. Herein, we synthesized multifaceted nanohybrids composed of Quaternized chitosan (QCS), Graphene oxide (GO), and Polydopamine (PDA;QCS-GO-PDA). Covalent grafting of QCS and GO at a mass ratio of 5:1 (5QCS-1GO) displayed excellent biocompatibility and enhanced osteogenic ability, while addition of PDA (5QCS-1GO-PDA) reduced the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). 5QCS-1GO-PDA was able to achieve wound tissue regeneration by reducing the inflammatory response and enhancing angiogenesis. Furthermore, Polylactic acid/hydroxyapatite (PLA/HA) composite scaffolds were printed using Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) and the hybrid nanomaterial (5QCS-1GO-PDA) was used to coat the PLA/HA scaffold (5QCS-1GO-PDA@PLA/HA) to be used for rapid bone regeneration. 5QCS-1GO-PDA not only improved angiogenesis and osteogenic differentiation, but also induced M2-type polarization of macrophages and promoted bone regeneration via the BMP2/BMPRs/Smads/Runx2 signaling pathway. The bidirectional enhanced healing ability of the multifaceted nanohybrids 5QCS-1GO-PDA provides a promising method of effectively treating tissue defects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 61131001, 60871022, 61041001Natural Science Foundation of the Zhejiang Province of China under Grant Nos. Z1090622, Y1080654K.C.Wong Magna Fund from Ningbo University
文摘Nanoelectronics constructed by nanoscale devices seems promising for the advanced development of integrated circuits (ICs). However, the lack of computer aided design (CAD) tools seriously hinders its development and applications. To investigate the cell mapping task in CAD flow, we present a genetic algorithm (GA) based method for Cmos/nanowire/MOLecular hybrid (CMOL), which is a nanohybrid circuit architecture. By designing several crossover operators and analyzing their performance, an efficient crossover operator is proposed. Combining a mutation operator, a GA based algorithm is presented and tested on the International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS) benchmarks. The results show that the proposed method not only can obtain better area utilization and smaller delay, but also can handle larger benchmarks with CPU time improvement compared with the published methods.
基金the Technological Innovation Team Work Project of Zhejiang Province(No. 2009R50004)National"Twelfth Five-Year"Science and Technology Support Project(No.2012BAD32B02)for financial support
文摘One novel difunctionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) derivative was designed and synthesized by a convenient method with high yield. 1H NMR and P'r-IR characterizations suggested that Michael addition reaction successfully took place between 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) and aminopropylisobutyl POSS (POSS-NH2) under mild conditions, which finally formed bi(hydroxyethyl) ester-functionalized POSS derivatives (BH-POSS). Due to the similar functional groups and high reactivity, BH-POSS could be easily incorporated into the main-chain of biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters PBTL via in situ melt polycondensation to prepare corresponding degradable nanohybrids with high mechanical properties.